Amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration damping structure and optimization method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration damping structure and an optimization method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of switched reluctance motors. The vibration reduction structure comprises a stator core formed by pressing an amorphous alloy steel sheet, a plurality of stator teeth are arranged, each stator tooth surface is provided with a hole with an irregular boundary shape, the holes are filled with a negative magnetostriction material, the outer surface of the stator core opposite to the stator teeth is in a notch shape, the notch shape is in direct contact with air, and no filling is needed; through a multi-material topological optimization method, minimization of the vibration displacement of the stator core is taken as an optimization target, and meanwhile, the vibration reduction structure of the stator core is optimized under the constraint condition that the torque performance of the motor and the mechanical strength of the stator core are not reduced; according to the method, a mixed design variable interpolation function required by multi-material topological optimization is also established, and an augmented Lagrange method is adopted to accelerate the solving speed of the multi-material topological optimization, so that the problem solving difficulty is effectively reduced, and the optimization efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switched reluctance motors, and in particular to a vibration reduction structure of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core and an optimization method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of the power system of new energy vehicles, motors need to have the characteristics of high-speed operation, high efficiency, lightness and high cost-effectiveness, which requires new progress in the optimization of motor design, reduction of loss and heat dissipation, reduction of vibration and noise, and improvement of reliability. Therefore, the development of high-speed, efficient and economical motor technology has become a widely concerned research topic in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor (SRMA) has shown great application potential in the field of new energy electric vehicles due to its low cost, simple and strong structure, high efficiency and energy saving, wide speed regulation range, high reliability and durability. However, the magnetostriction coefficient of the new core material iron-based amorphous alloy is as high as 27ppm, which is 7 to 8 times that of traditional silicon steel. It has extremely high stress sensitivity, and its use in SRMA will aggravate the vibration of the core.

[0004] In order to reduce the vibration noise of SRMA, shape optimization, parameter optimization and topology optimization are usually used to design the SRMA vibration structure. Topology optimization finds the optimal layout of the structure by allocating materials during the design process, which has significant advantages over other optimization methods. However, some topology optimization methods have the problem of slow convergence speed, which may even cause divergent results, and it is difficult to directly obtain the distribution of multiple materials. In addition, the optimized structure boundary is not smooth, which is not conducive to physical processing and manufacturing. Therefore, the existing SRMA vibration reduction optimization method has not achieved the ideal vibration reduction effect, and may even affect the normal operation of SRMA.

[0005] For example, CN111510047A discloses a method for reducing vibration and noise of a switched reluctance motor based on the motor structural characteristics, which achieves uniform distribution of motor vibration energy by constructing a transfer function H(s) between the stator vibration acceleration a(s) and the radial force F(s) of the switched reluctance motor and determining the parameters of the transfer function. However, the implementation of these control strategies often relies on complex algorithm design and has high requirements on the accuracy and reliability of the controller, thereby increasing the cost and complexity of the control system.

[0006] For example, CN114818166A discloses a method for optimizing the design of vibration and noise reduction of a switched reluctance motor. In the design stage of the switched reluctance motor, the main design parameters that affect the motor performance are obtained by using sensitivity analysis, and the optimized compromise solution of the switched reluctance motor design parameters is found through a pattern search algorithm and a compromise decision-making algorithm, and the motor stator design parameters are adjusted according to the vibration characteristics. However, the optimized compromise solution of the design parameters is only a local optimal solution within the parameter range, not a global optimal solution, and the vibration and noise reduction effect is very limited. In summary, although the existing technology has improved the vibration noise of the stator core of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor to a certain extent, it often has problems such as limited improvement effect, affecting other performances of the motor or complex processing. Therefore, how to effectively suppress the vibration displacement of the stator core of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor while ensuring its mechanical strength and torque performance has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0007] It is in this context that the present invention proposes a new amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure and its optimization method, which aims to utilize the characteristics of negative magnetostrictive materials, obtain the optimal distribution of negative magnetostrictive materials, amorphous alloy steel sheets and air through multi-material topological optimization of the stator core, and minimize the vibration displacement of the motor stator core while maintaining the normal operating state of the motor and the mechanical strength of the stator core. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure and an optimization method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of high vibration noise, low average torque and large torque pulsation existing in the existing amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor during operation.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator teeth, each stator tooth surface is provided with a hole with an irregular boundary shape, the hole is filled with a negative magnetostrictive material, and the outer surface of the stator core opposite to the stator teeth is in a notch shape, and the notch shape is in direct contact with the air without any filling.

[0010] In a preferred solution, the stator core is assembled with an internal rotor core of a suitable size for use, which can bring into play the vibration reduction effect of the stator core structure.

[0011] In a preferred solution, the stator core is formed by pressing amorphous alloy steel sheets.

[0012] In a preferred solution, the irregular shape of the hole opened on each stator tooth surface and the shape of the notch on the outer surface of the stator core are obtained after multi-material topological optimization.

[0013] An optimization method for an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure adopts an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure as described in any one of the above. The method adopts a multi-material topology optimization method, minimizes the vibration displacement of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core as the optimization target during multi-material topology optimization, takes not reducing its torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core as the constraint condition during multi-material topology optimization, establishes a hybrid design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization, and adopts an augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution speed of multi-material topology optimization.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of the optimization method are: Step 1: Select the multi-material topology optimization area; Step 2: Establish the mixed design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization; Step 3: Construct a multi-material topology optimization framework; Step 4: Use the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution of multi-material topology optimization.

[0015] In the preferred solution, the specific steps of selecting the multi-material topology optimization area in step 1 are: selecting the optimization area as the entire stator core, and using the multi-material topology optimization method for the area to obtain the position and size of the area filled with negative magnetostrictive material and air.

[0016] In the preferred solution, the specific steps of establishing the hybrid design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization in step 2 are: Step 2.1: Introduce two design variables and , and set the penalty factor Penalize the intermediate density units to reduce the number of intermediate density units of the dual design variables, thereby obtaining a shape structure that is easy to process and will optimize the relative magnetic permeability of the core material in the area. and Young's modulus Expressed as a continuous function of two design variables, the relative permeability of the material in the optimization area and Young's modulus The specific expression is:

[0017] In the formula, and are the relative permeability and Young's modulus of negative magnetostrictive materials, and are the relative magnetic permeability and Young's modulus of the amorphous alloy steel sheet pressed into the stator core of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, is the Young's modulus of the air in the air gap region of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor; Step 2.2: Based on the mixed design variable interpolation function, define a and The output results determine the dual design variable combination rule of the negative magnetostrictive material, air and amorphous alloy steel sheet distribution density in the optimization area, and its specific expression is:

[0018] In the formula, is the distribution density of amorphous alloy steel sheet, is the distribution density of negative magnetostrictive material, is the distribution density of air; When performing multi-material topology optimization, and The initial values ​​of are all set to 0.5 to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the multi-material topology optimization results.

[0019] In the preferred solution, the specific steps of step 3 to construct a multi-material topology optimization framework are: Step 3.1: In order to achieve the optimization goal of minimizing the vibration displacement of the stator core of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, the stator and rotor cores of the switched reluctance motor are regarded as made of linear elastic materials, and the damping effect of the core is ignored; during the calculation process, the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force that cause the motor vibration are coupled to the elastic mechanics formula, and the vibration displacement of the motor stator core at each iteration of the multi-material topology optimization is calculated. It is expressed as: (3) In the formula, is the mass matrix, is the stiffness matrix, is the radial electromagnetic force, is the magnetostrictive force, For time, is the vibration displacement; Step 3.2: To ensure that the motor stator core vibration displacement is reduced while the motor average torque is not reduced and the torque pulsation is not aggravated; the optimized motor average torque and torque pulsation coefficient must be controlled within a certain range, and the motor torque at each rotor position It can be expressed as: (4) In the formula, is the radius of the air gap, is the motor shaft length, is the integrated radian, is the radial magnetic flux density component, is the tangential magnetic flux density component; Average torque of the motor It can be expressed as: (5) In the formula, is the total number of rotor positions; Torque ripple coefficient of the motor It can be expressed as: (6) In the formula, is the maximum torque; is the minimum torque; In addition, in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the stator core of the optimized motor, elastic strain energy constraints are added to the constraints to limit the elastic strain energy caused by radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force to be less than the initial value. It is expressed as: (7) In the formula, is the total load in the mechanical field, expressed as , for The transposed matrix of Step 3.3: Based on the multi-material topology optimization objective function and constraint-related physical quantity calculation formulas in step 3.1 and step 3.2, a multi-material topology optimization framework is constructed, which can be expressed as:

[0020] In the formula, is the objective function, which minimizes the vibration displacement of the motor stator core at each iteration. is the number of iterations, and The 0th and The vibration displacement at the iteration; for the constraint function , is the number of finite element meshes, and The 0th and The elastic strain energy at the iteration, and The 0th and The stress value at the iteration is and The 0th and The average torque at the iteration, and The 0th and The torque ripple coefficient at the iteration.

[0021] In the preferred solution, the specific steps of step 4 using the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the multi-material topology optimization solution are: Step 4.1: In order to improve the calculation speed of multi-material topology optimization, the optimization framework is improved based on the augmented Lagrangian method, a normalization term is introduced, and the objective function in the optimization framework is rewritten as: (9) In the formula, ; Penalty item It can be expressed as: (10) In the formula, It can be expressed as: (11) Step 4.2: At the iteration, the Lagrangian penalty factor and Lagrange multipliers Need to be updated to: (12) (13) In the formula, for The upper limit value of is the gain factor.

[0022] The present invention provides an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure and an optimization method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects: 1. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure proposed in the present invention is pressed from an amorphous alloy steel sheet. The amorphous alloy is made by rapid solidification technology. It has no crystal structure and defects that hinder the movement of magnetic domain walls. The strip is very thin (20-30 μm), which significantly reduces the eddy current and hysteresis losses of the motor core and greatly improves the working efficiency of the motor. 2. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure proposed by the present invention utilizes the negative magnetostrictive strain characteristics of the negative magnetostrictive material to offset the vibration caused by the original magnetostrictive force and the radial electromagnetic force of the stator core, and will not affect the normal operation of the motor; 3. The present invention proposes a method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, which uses a multi-material topology optimization method to obtain the optimal distribution of negative magnetostrictive materials, amorphous alloy steel sheets and air; topology optimization, as a quantitative design method, has become a major engineering technology means for modern engineering innovation design, and the multi-material topology optimization method proposed in the present invention is conducive to the processing and manufacturing of the stator core vibration reduction structure, and is widely used in the fields of new energy electric vehicles and industrial control; 4. The present invention adopts the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution of multi-material topology optimization. Compared with the traditional topology optimization method, this method effectively reduces the total number of constraints in the optimization framework, thereby reducing the difficulty of problem solving, significantly improving the optimization efficiency and accuracy, and significantly improving the design efficiency of the motor stator core vibration reduction structure, meeting the stringent requirements of high-performance motor design; 5. The present invention effectively reduces the vibration noise of the stator core of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor without affecting the motor torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core, thereby improving the stability and practicality of the motor operation; 6. The application of the amorphous alloy material of the present invention greatly reduces the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss of the stator and rotor cores, greatly improves the motor operation efficiency, and meets the high performance requirements of modern new energy vehicle motors; 7. The present invention has been verified through simulation and experiments, and its technical solution has shown significant advantages in reducing vibration and noise, torque performance and optimizing efficiency; 8. The technical solution of the present invention has broad application prospects in the fields of new energy electric vehicles, etc., and provides strong support for promoting technological progress and product upgrades in related fields; 9. The intelligent characteristics of the present invention not only simplify the operation and maintenance process, but also significantly reduce energy consumption and promote efficient use of resources; its innovative design leads the new trend of motor technology and provides key technical support for the transformation and upgrading of related industries; 10. The multi-material topology optimization method proposed in the present invention also realizes real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment of the motor operating status by integrating intelligent control algorithms, further improving the intelligence level and overall performance of the motor system, and injecting new vitality into the development of intelligent manufacturing and green travel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the stator core structure of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stator core structure of a traditional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor; Figure 3It is a flow chart of the optimization method of the stator core vibration reduction structure of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor of the present invention; Figure 4 A distribution density diagram of negative magnetostrictive materials, amorphous alloys and air in the last quarter of the optimization area in the multi-material topology optimization of the present invention; Figure 5 A comparison chart of the calculation speed between the multi-material topology optimization method of the present invention and the traditional multi-material topology optimization method; Figure 6 This is the magnetic flux density distribution diagram of the stator and rotor of the traditional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor at a certain moment; Figure 7 The magnetic flux density distribution diagram of the stator and rotor of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor of the present invention at a certain moment; Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of the instantaneous torque between the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor model of the present invention and the traditional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor model; Fig. 9 This is a comparison diagram of the stator core vibration displacement of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor model of the present invention and the traditional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor model.

[0024] In the figure: stator core 1, stator teeth 2, holes 3, negative magnetostrictive material 4, notch shape 5, rotor core 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1 like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure comprises a stator core 1, wherein the stator core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator teeth 2, each stator tooth 2 is provided with a hole 3 with an irregular boundary shape, and the hole 3 is filled with a negative magnetostrictive material 4, and the outer surface of the stator core 1 opposite to the stator tooth 2 is a notch shape 5, and the notch shape 5 is in direct contact with the air without any filling.

[0026] In this embodiment, the stator core 1 is assembled with an internal rotor core 6 of a suitable size for use, which can exert the vibration reduction effect of the stator core structure.

[0027] Furthermore, the stator core 1 is formed by pressing amorphous alloy steel sheets.

[0028] Furthermore, the irregular shape of the hole 3 opened on the surface of each stator tooth 2 and the notch shape 5 on the outer surface of the stator core 1 are obtained after multi-material topological optimization.

[0029] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, Figure 3 As shown, an optimization method for an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure is an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure as described in any one of the above items. The method adopts a multi-material topology optimization method, minimizes the vibration displacement of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core 1 as the optimization target during multi-material topology optimization, takes not reducing its torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core 1 as the constraint condition during multi-material topology optimization, establishes a hybrid design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization, and adopts an augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution speed of multi-material topology optimization.

[0030] In this embodiment, the specific steps of the optimization method are: Step 1: Select the multi-material topology optimization area; Step 2: Establish the mixed design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization; Step 3: Construct a multi-material topology optimization framework; Step 4: Use the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution of multi-material topology optimization.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific steps of selecting the multi-material topology optimization area in step 1 are: selecting the optimization area as the entire stator core 1, and using the multi-material topology optimization method for the area to obtain the position and size of the area filled with the negative magnetostrictive material 4 and the air; the reason is that the magnetostrictive deformation of the motor stator core 1 itself and the effect of the radial electromagnetic force on the motor stator core 1 will cause the stator core 1 and the shell to be impacted, thereby causing periodic deformation and vibration of the stator core 1 and the shell, which is the main cause of the vibration noise of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor.

[0032] Furthermore, the specific steps of establishing the hybrid design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization in step 2 are: Step 2.1: Introduce two design variables and , and set the penalty factor Penalize the intermediate density units to reduce the number of intermediate density units of the dual design variables, thereby obtaining a shape structure that is easy to process and will optimize the relative magnetic permeability of the core material in the area. and Young's modulus Expressed as a continuous function of two design variables, the relative permeability of the material in the optimization area and Young's modulus The specific expression is:

[0033] In the formula, and are the relative magnetic permeability and Young's modulus of the negative magnetostrictive material 4, and are the relative magnetic permeability and Young's modulus of the amorphous alloy steel sheet pressed into the stator core 1 of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, is the Young's modulus of the air in the air gap region of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor; Step 2.2: Based on the above mixed design variable interpolation function, a method consisting of design variables is defined. and The output results determine the dual design variable combination rule of negative magnetostrictive material 4, air and amorphous alloy steel sheet distribution density in the optimization area, and its specific expression is:

[0034] In the formula, is the distribution density of amorphous alloy steel sheet, is the distribution density of negative magnetostrictive material, is the distribution density of air; Considering that the entire stator core 1 of the conventional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor is made of amorphous alloy steel sheets; therefore, when performing multi-material topology optimization, and The initial values ​​of are all set to 0.5 to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the multi-material topology optimization results.

[0035] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 3 to construct a multi-material topology optimization framework are: Step 3.1: In order to achieve the optimization goal of minimizing the vibration displacement of the stator core 1 of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, the stator and rotor cores 1 of the switched reluctance motor are regarded as made of linear elastic materials, and the damping effect of the core is ignored; during the calculation process, the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force that cause the motor vibration are coupled to the elastic mechanics formula, and the vibration displacement of the motor stator core 1 at each iteration of the multi-material topology optimization is calculated. It is expressed as: (3) In the formula, is the mass matrix, is the stiffness matrix, is the radial electromagnetic force, is the magnetostrictive force, For time, is the vibration displacement; Step 3.2: To ensure that the motor stator core 1 vibration displacement is reduced while the motor average torque is not reduced and the torque pulsation is not aggravated; the optimized motor average torque and torque pulsation coefficient must be controlled within a certain range, and the motor torque at each rotor position It can be expressed as: (4) In the formula, is the radius of the air gap, is the motor shaft length, is the integrated radian, is the radial magnetic flux density component, is the tangential magnetic flux density component; Average torque of the motor It can be expressed as: (5) In the formula, is the total number of rotor positions; Torque ripple coefficient of the motor It can be expressed as: (6) In the formula, is the maximum torque; is the minimum torque; In addition, in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the optimized motor stator core 1, an elastic strain energy constraint is added to the constraint conditions to limit the elastic strain energy caused by the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force to be less than the initial value. The elastic strain energy is It is expressed as: (7) In the formula, is the total load in the mechanical field, expressed as , for The transposed matrix of Step 3.3: Based on the multi-material topology optimization objective function and constraint-related physical quantity calculation formulas in step 3.1 and step 3.2, a multi-material topology optimization framework is constructed, which can be expressed as: In the formula, is the objective function, which minimizes the vibration displacement of the motor stator core 1 in each iteration. is the number of iterations, and The 0th and The vibration displacement at the iteration; for the constraint function , is the number of finite element meshes, and The 0th and The elastic strain energy at the iteration, and The 0th and The stress value at the iteration is and The 0th and The average torque at the iteration, and The 0th and The torque ripple coefficient at the iteration.

[0036] Furthermore, the specific steps of step 4 using the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the multi-material topology optimization solution are as follows: Step 4.1: In order to improve the calculation speed of multi-material topology optimization, the optimization framework is improved based on the augmented Lagrangian method, a normalization term is introduced, and the objective function in the optimization framework is rewritten as: (9) In the formula, ; Penalty item It can be expressed as: (10) In the formula, It can be expressed as: (11) Step 4.2: At the iteration, the Lagrangian penalty factor and Lagrange multipliers Need to be updated to: (12) (13) In the formula, for The upper limit value of is the gain factor.

[0037] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, the specific implementation steps of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure and an optimization method thereof are as follows: Firstly, the stator core vibration reduction structure of the switched reluctance motor involved in the present invention is composed of a stator core 1, which is pressed by an amorphous alloy steel sheet; the amorphous alloy is made by rapid solidification technology, and has no crystal structure and defects that hinder the movement of magnetic domain walls, and the strip is very thin (20~30μm), thereby significantly reducing the eddy current and hysteresis losses of the motor core and greatly improving the working efficiency of the motor.

[0038] A hole 3 with an irregular boundary shape is opened on the surface of the stator tooth 2, and the hole 3 is filled with a negative magnetostrictive material 4, which utilizes the negative magnetostrictive strain characteristics of the negative magnetostrictive material to offset the vibration caused by the original magnetostrictive force and the radial electromagnetic force of the stator core, and will not affect the normal operation of the motor; During the optimization process, the specific methods and steps are as follows: Step 1: Select the multi-material topology optimization area The magnetostrictive deformation of the motor stator core 1 itself and the radial electromagnetic force on the motor stator core 1 will cause the stator core 1 and the shell to be impacted, which in turn causes periodic deformation and vibration of the stator core 1 and the shell, which is the main cause of the vibration of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor. Therefore, the optimization area is selected as the entire stator core 1, and the multi-material topology optimization method is used to obtain the position and size of the negative magnetostrictive material 4 and the air area.

[0039] Step 2: Establish the mixed design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization Introducing two design variables and , and set the penalty factor Penalize the intermediate density units to reduce the number of intermediate density units of the dual design variables, thereby obtaining a shape structure that is easy to process and will optimize the relative magnetic permeability of the core material in the area. and Young's modulus Expressed as a continuous function of two design variables, the relative permeability of the material in the optimization area and Young's modulus The specific expression is:

[0040] In the formula, and are the relative magnetic permeability and Young's modulus of the negative magnetostrictive material 4, and are the relative magnetic permeability and Young's modulus of the amorphous alloy steel sheet pressed into the stator core 1 of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, is the Young's modulus of the air in the air gap region of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor; According to the above mixed design variable interpolation function, a design variable interpolation function is defined. and The output results determine the dual design variable combination rule of negative magnetostrictive material 4, air and amorphous alloy steel sheet distribution density in the optimization area, and its specific expression is:

[0041] In the formula, is the distribution density of amorphous alloy steel sheet, is the distribution density of negative magnetostrictive material, is the distribution density of air; Considering that the entire stator core 1 of the conventional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor is made of amorphous alloy steel sheets, and The initial values ​​of are all set to 0.5 to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the multi-material topology optimization results.

[0042] Step 3: Construct a multi-material topology optimization framework In order to achieve the optimization goal of minimizing the vibration displacement of the stator core 1 of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, the stator and rotor cores 1 of the switched reluctance motor are considered to be made of linear elastic materials, and the damping effect of the core is ignored; during the calculation process, the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force that cause the motor vibration are coupled to the elastic mechanics formula, and the vibration displacement of the motor stator core 1 at each iteration of the multi-material topology optimization is calculated. It is expressed as: (3) In the formula, is the mass matrix, is the stiffness matrix, is the radial electromagnetic force, is the magnetostrictive force, For time; To ensure that the vibration displacement of the motor stator core 1 is reduced while not reducing the average torque of the motor and not aggravating the torque pulsation; the average torque and torque pulsation coefficient of the optimized motor must be controlled within a certain range, and the motor torque at each rotor position It can be expressed as: (4) In the formula, is the radius of the air gap, is the motor shaft length, is the integrated radian, is the radial magnetic flux density component, is the tangential magnetic flux density component; Average torque of the motor It can be expressed as: (5) In the formula, is the total number of rotor positions; Torque ripple coefficient of the motor It can be expressed as: (6) In the formula, is the maximum torque; is the minimum torque; In addition, in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the optimized motor rotor core 1, an elastic strain energy constraint is added to the constraint conditions to limit the elastic strain energy caused by the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force to be less than the initial value. It is expressed as: (7) In the formula, is the total load in the mechanical field, expressed as , for The transposed matrix of Based on the established multi-material topology optimization objective function and constraint-related physical quantity calculation formulas, a multi-material topology optimization framework was constructed, which can be expressed as: In the formula, is the objective function, which minimizes the vibration displacement of the motor stator core 1 in each iteration. is the number of iterations, and The 0th and The vibration displacement at the iteration; for the constraint function , is the number of finite element meshes, and The 0th and The elastic strain energy at the iteration, and The 0th and The stress value at the iteration is and The 0th and The average torque at the iteration, and The 0th and The torque ripple coefficient at the iteration.

[0043] Step 4: Use the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution of multi-material topology optimization In order to improve the calculation speed of multi-material topology optimization, this embodiment improves the optimization framework based on the augmented Lagrangian method, introduces a normalization term, and rewrites the objective function in the optimization framework as follows: (9) In the formula, ; Penalty item It can be expressed as: (10) In the formula, It can be expressed as: (11) exist At the iteration, the Lagrangian penalty factor and Lagrange multipliers Need to be updated to: (12) (13) In the formula, for The upper limit value of is the gain factor.

[0044] Through the above optimization steps, the following structure is finally obtained: each stator tooth 2 is provided with a hole 3 with an irregular boundary shape, the hole 3 is filled with a negative magnetostrictive material 4, and the outer surface of the stator core 1 opposite to the stator tooth 2 is a notch shape 5, and the notch shape 5 is in direct contact with the air without any filling. This structure can effectively reduce the vibration noise of the motor stator core without reducing the motor torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core 1.

[0045] Example 4 On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments 1, 2, and 3, in order to further verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the stator core 1 structure of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor of embodiments 1 and 3 and the optimization method described in embodiments 2 and 3 are adopted to simulate the optimized amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor and the traditional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor respectively. The simulation basis and principle of the overall structure of the switched reluctance motor are as follows: The magnetic field area of ​​the stator and rotor core of the switched reluctance motor satisfies the differential equation: (14) In the formula, is the conductivity, is the vacuum permeability, is the current density, is the relative magnetic permeability of the material; is the vector magnetic potential, existing in the entire magnetic field area and satisfying: (15) In the formula, is the magnetic induction intensity, For Get the curl; The stator and rotor cores of the switched reluctance motor are considered to be made of linear elastic materials. Ignoring the damping effect, the vibration process can be described by the dynamic equation of the elastic body: (16) In the electromagnetic simulation software, two-dimensional models of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor of the present invention and the traditional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor are established respectively, and simulation analysis is performed. The simulation results are as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 Compare the magnetic flux density of the stator and rotor models of the two amorphous alloy switched reluctance motors at a certain moment, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the maximum magnetic flux density of the switched reluctance motor at the same time before and after optimization is 1.56T, and the magnetic flux density distribution of the motor remains almost unchanged before and after optimization, which shows that the stator core vibration reduction structure of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor proposed in the present invention has almost no effect on the normal operation of the motor; then combined with Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the calculation speed of the multi-material topology optimization method of the present invention is compared with that of the traditional multi-material topology optimization method. It can be seen that under the premise of ensuring the same optimization effect, the optimization method proposed in the present invention can shorten the calculation time by 30%, greatly improving the efficiency of multi-material topology optimization. Then, combined with Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 , the instantaneous torque of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor model of the present invention is compared with that of the conventional amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor model. It can be seen that the instantaneous torque curve before and after optimization remains basically unchanged, that is, the method of the present invention does not affect the motor torque performance; finally, combined with Fig. 9 As shown, by comparing the vibration displacement of the stator core of the switched reluctance motor model of the present invention with that of the traditional switched reluctance motor model, it can be seen that the stator core vibration reduction structure proposed in the present invention can reduce the amplitude of the stator core vibration displacement by 36%, further proving that the present invention has a good vibration reduction and noise reduction effect while ensuring the normal operation of the motor.

[0046] In the preferred solution, the stator core 1 is assembled with an internal rotor core 6 of suitable size for use, which can exert the vibration reduction effect of the stator core structure; the above arrangement improves the universality of the stator core vibration reduction structure of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, and contributes to its wide application in the fields of new energy electric vehicles and industrial control.

[0047] In the preferred scheme, the stator core 1 is pressed from amorphous alloy steel sheets; with the above settings, the energy efficiency of the motor is significantly improved and the energy loss is reduced; in addition, due to its high magnetic permeability and low hysteresis loss characteristics, the amorphous alloy steel sheets can still maintain a stable magnetic field environment during high-speed operation, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the motor.

[0048] In the preferred scheme, the holes 3 with irregular boundary shapes opened on the surface of each stator tooth 2 and the notch shape 5 on the outer surface of the stator core 1 opposite to the stator tooth 2 are obtained after multi-material topological optimization; the above settings not only effectively reduce the vibration noise of the stator core, but also do not affect the mechanical strength of the stator core and the motor torque performance, and ultimately can achieve the optimal distribution of materials with excellent performance and minimize the vibration noise of the motor.

[0049] In summary, the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure and its optimization method provided by the present invention solve the technical problems of high vibration noise and low efficiency in the operation of the existing switched reluctance motor, while maintaining the motor torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core, and can effectively suppress the vibration noise of the stator core of the switched reluctance motor. In addition, the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure provided by the present invention is conducive to processing and manufacturing, and is conducive to its wide application in the fields of new energy electric vehicles and industrial control. The present invention fills the holes with negative magnetostrictive material, utilizing the negative magnetostrictive effect of the negative magnetostrictive material. The magnetostrictive strain characteristics are used to offset the vibration caused by the original magnetostrictive force and the radial electromagnetic force of the stator core, and will not affect the normal operation of the motor; the stator core is pressed from amorphous alloy steel sheets. Amorphous alloys have the characteristics of no crystal structure, high resistivity, low hysteresis loss, etc., which can significantly reduce the eddy current and hysteresis loss of the motor and improve the overall efficiency of the motor. The application of this material in the field of switched reluctance motors is novel; in the optimization process, not only the minimization of the vibration displacement of the stator core of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor is taken as the optimization goal, but also the constraints such as the motor torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core are considered; this comprehensive consideration of multiple performance indicators The target optimization strategy makes the optimization result more comprehensive and practical; when solving the topology optimization problem, the augmented Lagrangian method is used. Compared with the traditional method, this method has stronger global convergence and can improve the calculation efficiency while ensuring the calculation accuracy. The innovative application of this solution method provides a more effective way to optimize the stator core vibration reduction structure of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor; the present invention has achieved remarkable results in reducing the vibration noise of the motor stator core and improving the motor efficiency through the unique stator core vibration reduction structure design, the application of amorphous alloy materials and the optimization strategy that comprehensively considers multiple performance indicators. This improvement in comprehensive performance reflects the outstanding achievements of the solution in technological innovation; in addition, the solution has excellent performance in process feasibility and cost-effectiveness; although the initial investment cost of amorphous alloy materials is relatively high, their long-term high efficiency characteristics can significantly reduce energy consumption, help achieve energy conservation and emission reduction goals, and open up a new path for the development of green motor technology; looking forward to the future, with the continuous progress of materials science and optimization algorithms, the solution is expected to be further optimized and improved, thereby promoting the widespread application of switched reluctance motors in new energy vehicles, industrial automation and other fields, and leading motor technology to develop in a more efficient and environmentally friendly direction.

Claims

1. An amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure, comprising a stator core (1), characterized in that: The stator core (1) is provided with a plurality of stator teeth (2), each stator tooth (2) is provided with a hole (3) with an irregular boundary shape, the hole (3) is filled with a negative magnetostrictive material (4), and the outer surface of the stator core (1) opposite to the stator teeth (2) is in a notch shape (5), the notch shape (5) is in direct contact with air and does not require any filling.

2. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core (1) is assembled and used with a matching internal rotor core (6) to exert the vibration reduction effect of the stator core structure.

3. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core (1) is formed by pressing amorphous alloy steel sheets.

4. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irregular shape of the hole (3) opened on the surface of each stator tooth (2) and the notch shape (5) on the outer surface of the stator core (1) are obtained after multi-material topological optimization.

5. A method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, characterized in that: The invention relates to an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core vibration reduction structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The method adopts a multi-material topology optimization method, takes minimizing the vibration displacement of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator core (1) as the optimization target during the multi-material topology optimization, takes not reducing its torque performance and the mechanical strength of the stator core (1) as the constraint condition during the multi-material topology optimization, establishes a hybrid design variable interpolation function required for the multi-material topology optimization, and adopts an augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution speed of the multi-material topology optimization.

6. The method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of the optimization method are: Step 1: Select the multi-material topology optimization area; Step 2: Establish the mixed design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization; Step 3: Construct a multi-material topology optimization framework; Step 4: Use the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the solution of multi-material topology optimization.

7. The method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of Step 1 for selecting a multi-material topology optimization region are: selecting the optimization region as the entire stator core (1), and using a multi-material topology optimization method for the region to obtain the position and size of the region filled with negative magnetostrictive material (4) and air.

8. The method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for establishing the mixed design variable interpolation function required for multi-material topology optimization in step 2 are: Step 2.1: Introduce two design variables and , and set the penalty factor Penalize the intermediate density units to reduce the number of intermediate density units of the dual design variables, thereby obtaining a shape structure that is easy to process and will optimize the relative magnetic permeability of the core material in the area. and Young's modulus Expressed as a continuous function of two design variables, the relative permeability of the material in the optimization area and Young's modulus The specific expression is: ； In the formula, and are the relative permeability and Young's modulus of the negative magnetostrictive material (4), and are the relative magnetic permeability and Young's modulus of the amorphous alloy steel sheet pressed into the stator core (1) of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, respectively. is the Young's modulus of the air in the air gap region of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor; Step 2.2: Based on the mixed design variable interpolation function, define a and The output result of determines the dual design variable combination rule of the negative magnetostrictive material (4), air and amorphous alloy steel sheet distribution density in the optimization area, and its specific expression is: ； In the formula, is the distribution density of amorphous alloy steel sheet, is the distribution density of negative magnetostrictive material, is the distribution density of air; When performing multi-material topology optimization, and The initial values ​​of are all set to 0.5 to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the multi-material topology optimization results.

9. The method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of step 3 to construct a multi-material topology optimization framework are: Step 3.1: In order to achieve the optimization goal of minimizing the vibration displacement of the stator core (1) of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor, the stator and rotor cores (1) of the switched reluctance motor are considered to be made of linear elastic materials, and the damping effect of the core is ignored; during the calculation process, the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force that cause the motor vibration are coupled to the elastic mechanics formula, and the vibration displacement of the motor stator core (1) at each iteration of the multi-material topology optimization is calculated. It is expressed as: （3）； In the formula, is the mass matrix, is the stiffness matrix, is the radial electromagnetic force, is the magnetostrictive force, For time, is the vibration displacement; Step 3.2: To ensure that the vibration displacement of the motor stator core (1) is reduced while the average motor torque is not reduced and the torque pulsation is not aggravated; the average motor torque and torque pulsation coefficient after optimization must be controlled within a certain range, and the motor torque at each rotor position It can be expressed as: （4）； In the formula, is the radius of the air gap, is the motor shaft length, is the integrated radian, is the radial magnetic flux density component, is the tangential magnetic flux density component; Average torque of the motor It can be expressed as: （5）； In the formula, is the total number of rotor positions; Torque ripple coefficient of the motor It can be expressed as: （6）； In the formula, is the maximum torque; is the minimum torque; In addition, in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the optimized motor stator core (1), an elastic strain energy constraint is added to the constraint conditions to limit the elastic strain energy caused by the radial electromagnetic force and magnetostrictive force to be less than the initial value. The elastic strain energy is It is expressed as: （7）； In the formula, is the total load in the mechanical field, expressed as , for The transposed matrix of Step 3.3: Based on the multi-material topology optimization objective function and constraint-related physical quantity calculation formulas in step 3.1 and step 3.2, a multi-material topology optimization framework is constructed, which is expressed as: ； In the formula, is the objective function, which minimizes the vibration displacement of the motor stator core (1) at each iteration. is the number of iterations, and The 0th and The vibration displacement at the iteration; for the constraint function , is the number of finite element meshes, and The 0th and The elastic strain energy at the iteration, and The 0th and The stress value at the iteration is and The 0th and The average torque at the iteration, and The 0th and The torque ripple coefficient at the iteration.

10. The method for optimizing the vibration reduction structure of the stator core of an amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of step 4 using the augmented Lagrangian method to speed up the multi-material topology optimization solution are: Step 4.1: In order to improve the calculation speed of multi-material topology optimization, the optimization framework is improved based on the augmented Lagrangian method, a normalization term is introduced, and the objective function in the optimization framework is rewritten as: （9）； In the formula, ; Penalty item It can be expressed as: （10）； In the formula, It can be expressed as: （11）； Step 4.2: At the iteration, the Lagrangian penalty factor and Lagrange multipliers Need to be updated to: （12）； （13）； In the formula, for The upper limit value of is the gain factor.

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