Washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar power generation circuit, which comprises a control circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit, and is characterized in that the control circuit is connected with the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, the lithium battery protection circuit is connected with the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and the control circuit is used for monitoring the operation of the charging circuit and controlling the charging circuit according to the actual operation condition. The charging circuit is reasonably regulated and controlled, and meanwhile, the discharging circuit is controlled to operate orderly according to an external port instruction; the charging circuit plays a role in energy storage and also plays a role in overcharge protection on the lithium battery; the discharging circuit is used for supplying power to an external load; and the lithium battery protection circuit is used for performing over-charging and over-discharging protection on the lithium battery in the charging and discharging processes. The invention further discloses a washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources, the washing machine comprises the solar module integrated by the solar power generation circuit, the washing machine further comprises a mechanical module and a washing module, and the washing module is connected with the solar module and the mechanical module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy charging and discharging circuits and mechanical energy coupling, in particular to a washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources. Background Art

[0002] With the increase of environmental awareness and the advancement of technology, solar energy and mechanical energy have gradually attracted attention as clean energy. However, how to effectively combine these two energy sources and realize intelligent management is still a challenge. In the existing technology, although there are some designs of solar washing machines, most of them fail to make full use of mechanical energy and lack intelligent control systems to optimize energy use. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources. The washing machine makes full use of solar energy and mechanical energy to reduce dependence on external electricity, realizes automatic energy management and optimal use strategy through STM32 microcontroller and current monitoring, provides multiple operation modes, can adapt to different usage scenarios, improves user experience, reduces carbon emissions, and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.

[0004] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: A solar power generation circuit comprises a control circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit, wherein the control circuit is connected with the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and the lithium battery protection circuit is connected with the charging circuit and the discharging circuit. The control circuit is used to monitor the operation of the charging circuit and reasonably adjust the charging circuit according to the actual operation situation, and control the orderly operation of the discharging circuit according to the external port instruction; the charging circuit plays the role of energy storage and also plays the role of overcharging protection for the lithium battery; the discharging circuit is used to power external loads, including microcontrollers, motors, etc.; the lithium battery protection circuit is used to protect the lithium battery from overcharging and over-discharging during the charging and discharging process.

[0005] The control circuit includes an STM32 microcontroller, wherein the 25th, 26th and 27th pins of the STM32 microcontroller are respectively connected to one end of resistors R25, R26 and R27, the other ends of the resistors R25, R26 and R27 are respectively connected to the 1st pin of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12, the 2nd pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected to the ground in parallel, the 4th pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected in parallel to one end of the resistor R28, and the other end of the resistor R28 is connected to a 5V voltage Connect, the 3rd pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected to the motor driver chip, the 29th and 30th pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the 3rd and 4th pins of the light-emitting diode J1 respectively, the 2nd and 3rd pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the start switch and the emergency stop switch respectively, the ground and power supply ends of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the power module J3, the 21st and 22nd pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the 3rd and 2nd pins of the digital isolation U13 and one end of the resistor R24 ​​and the resistor R23 respectively, the digital isolation Pin 4 of U13 and one end of capacitor C25 are grounded, the other ends of resistors R24, R23 and capacitor C25 are connected to voltage VCC, pins 6 and 7 of digital isolation U13 are connected to pins 4 and 3 of current monitoring U7 and one end of resistors R21 and R22 respectively, pin 8 of digital isolation U13, the other end of resistors R21 and R22, pin 5 of current monitoring U7, one end of capacitor C15, and one end of capacitor C24 are connected to 5V voltage, pin 6 of current monitoring U7 is connected to the negative pole of lithium battery protection circuit, the end of capacitor C15 The other end, one end of resistors R20, R17 and R18, the other end of capacitor C24 and pin 5 of digital isolation U13 are connected, the other ends of resistors R17 and R18 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 2 of current monitoring U7, pin 8 of current monitoring U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit and one end of capacitor R19, the other ends of resistors R19 and R20 are connected to pin 7 of current monitoring U7, and pins 41 and 42 of the STM32 microcontroller are respectively connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit through transistors Q3 and Q2.

[0006] The charging circuit includes a rectifier bridge B1, a solar cell panel and a relay 2. The solar cell panel is connected to the NC2 terminal of the relay 2 through a diode D5 and the rectifier bridge B1 is connected to the NC2 terminal of the relay 2 through a diode D1. The COM terminal of the relay 2 is connected to one end of the capacitors C7, C8 and C9, the 4th pin of the boost circuit integrated U1 and one end of the coil L1. The rectifier bridge B1 is connected to the 1st pin of the boost circuit integrated U1, one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the capacitors C7, C8 and C9, and the charging end of the lithium battery protection circuit. The other end of the coil L1 is connected to the Pin 3 is connected to one end of the diode D2, the other end of the diode D2 is connected to the sliding resistor R3, the resistor R23, one end of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and the source of the field effect tube Q1, the other end of the sliding resistor R3 is connected to pin 5 of the boost circuit integrated U1 and the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected to one end of the light-emitting diodes D12 and D13, the other ends of the light-emitting diodes D12 and D13 are respectively connected to pins 3 and 4 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, the other ends of the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected to the lithium battery Pin 2 of the charging management integrated circuit U2, pin 1 of the boost circuit U1 and one end of the capacitor C11 are connected, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to pin 1 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to pin 5 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2, pin 10 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the diode D3, the other end of the diode D3 is connected to the diode D4 and one end of the coil L2, the diode D4 The other end is connected to one end of capacitors C10, C5, and C6, the charging end of the lithium battery protection circuit, and pin 1 of the boost circuit integrated U1. The other end of capacitor C10 is connected to pin 9 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2 and one end of resistor R2. The other end of resistor R2 is connected to the source of field effect transistor Q1. The other end of coil L2 is connected to one end of resistor R1 and pin 8 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, pins 6 and 7 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, and the other end of capacitors C5 and C6.

[0007] The discharge circuit includes a relay 1, a dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and a voltage regulator U9. The NO1 end of the relay 1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, the 3rd pin of the voltage regulator U9, and one end of the capacitors C19 and C20. The COM end of the relay 1 is connected to the 4th pin of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and one end of the diodes D10 and D11. The 1st pin of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is connected to the 15th pin and one end of the diodes D8 and D9. The other ends of the diodes D8 and D9 are respectively connected to the 2nd and 3rd pins of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and the other ends of the diodes D10 and D11. The other ends of the diodes D8 and D9 are simultaneously connected to the motor. The 8th pin of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is connected to the 15th pin, one end of the capacitors C15 and C16 and the lithium battery protection circuit The negative electrode of the capacitors C15 and C16 are connected, the other ends of the capacitors C15 and C16 are connected to pin 9 of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8, pin 2 of the voltage regulator U9, one end of the capacitors C21, C22, and C23, one end of the coil L3, the control circuit and the 5V voltage, the other ends of the capacitors C19 and C20 are connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, pin 1 of the voltage regulator U9, the other ends of the capacitors C21, C22, and C23 and pin 1 of the isolation module J3, pin 2 of the isolation module J3 is connected to the other end of the coil L3, pin 3 of the isolation module J3 is connected to one end of the coil L4, pin 4 of the isolation module J3 is connected to one end of the capacitors C17 and C18, the control circuit and the VCC5 voltage, and the other end of the coil L4, the other end of the capacitors C17 and C18 and the control circuit are grounded.

[0008] The lithium battery protection circuit includes multiple lithium batteries with positive and negative electrodes connected in series, a multiple battery protection U3, and N-channel field effect transistors U4 and U5. The positive and negative ends of the multiple lithium batteries connected in series are the positive electrode B+ and the negative electrode B- of the lithium battery protection circuit respectively. Pin 1 of the multiple battery protection U3 is connected to one end of a resistor R8 and one end of a capacitor C14, pin 2 of the multiple battery protection U3 is connected to one end of a resistor R7 and one end of a capacitor C13, pin 3 of the multiple battery protection U3 is connected to one end of a resistor R6 and one end of a capacitor C12, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the positive electrode of the multiple lithium batteries connected in series, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to two of the lithium batteries connected in series, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the other two lithium batteries connected in series, pin 4 of the multiple battery protection U3 is connected to the other ends of capacitors C12, C13, and C14, the negative electrode of the multiple lithium batteries connected in series, one end of resistors R13, R11, and R14, and the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the multiple battery protection Pin 5 of U3 is connected to one end of resistor R12, the other end of resistor R12 is connected to pin 6 of multi-cell battery protection U3, pin 7 of multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to one end of resistor R10, the other end of resistor R10 is connected to the other end of resistor R11 and pins 1, 2, and 3 of N-channel field effect transistor U4, pin 8 of multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to pin 4 of N-channel field effect transistor U4, and pin 9 of multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to pin 4 of N-channel field effect transistor U5. The 10th foot of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd foot of the N-channel field effect transistor U5 and extends to the charging end CH-, the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th foot of the N-channel field effect transistor U4 are respectively connected to the 8th, 7th, 6th and 5th foot of the N-channel field effect transistor U5 and the other end of the resistor R14, the positive electrode B+ and the negative electrode B- are connected to the discharge circuit, and the positive electrode B+ and the charging CH- are connected to the charging circuit.

[0009] A washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources, comprising a solar module integrated with the above-mentioned solar power generation circuit, the washing machine also comprising a mechanical module and a laundry module, wherein the laundry module is connected to the solar module and the mechanical module. The mechanical module includes a planetary carrier with a hand-cranked rocker, a group of planetary gears arranged along the inner wall of the planetary carrier are arranged in the planetary carrier, a sun gear meshing with the planetary gears and not in contact with the planetary carrier is arranged in the middle of the planetary gears, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the sun gear, a large synchronous belt wheel is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, the large synchronous belt wheel is connected to a generator with a small synchronous belt wheel through a synchronous belt, and the generator is connected to a solar charging circuit; The laundry module comprises a washing machine inner drum, a rotatable washing machine impeller is provided on the inner bottom of the washing machine inner drum, a speed motor is provided on the outer bottom wall of the washing machine inner drum, and a rotating shaft of the speed motor is rotatably connected to the washing machine impeller; An energy storage battery is also provided outside the washing module, and the solar module is connected to the energy storage battery. The electrical energy generated by the solar module and the electrical energy converted by the mechanical module through the solar module are stored in the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery supplies power to the speed motor of the washing module.

[0010] The inner wall of the planet carrier is circumferentially provided with a toothed planetary ring, and the planet carrier is provided with a group of planetary wheels circumferentially arranged along the inner wall of the planet carrier, and the planetary wheels are meshed with the teeth of the planetary ring.

[0011] The generator is connected to the rectifier bridge B1 in the solar power generation circuit to convert mechanical energy into direct current.

[0012] The 41st pin of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to one end of a resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the B pole of a transistor Q3, the C pole of the transistor Q3 is grounded, the E pole of the transistor Q3 is connected to one end of a diode D7 and the 2nd pin of a relay 1, and the 1st pin of the relay 1 and the other end of the diode D7 are connected to the voltage VCC5. The 42nd pin of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the B pole of a transistor Q2, the C pole of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the E pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of a diode D6 and the 2nd pin of a relay 2, and the 1st pin of the relay 2 and the other end of the diode D6 are connected to the voltage VCC5.

[0013] The mechanical energy and solar energy are rectified by the rectifier bridge B1 in the charging circuit and the DC power is transmitted to the boost circuit integrated U1, which increases the voltage to an input level suitable for the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, and then the boosted DC power is used to charge the lithium battery through the lithium battery charging management integrated U2.

[0014] The charged lithium battery reduces the voltage to 5V through the voltage regulator U9 in the discharge circuit to power the STM32 microcontroller.

[0015] Relay control: Relay 1: Normally closed and unconnected, normally open terminal connected to lithium battery, COM terminal connected to motor driver chip to power the motor.

[0016] Relay 2: Normally open and unconnected, normally closed and connected to rectifier bridge B1, COM terminal connected to the input terminal of boost circuit integrated U1.

[0017] Monitoring part: The current monitor U7 is connected in parallel with the lithium battery and detects the lithium battery voltage: (1) When the lithium battery voltage is 12.6V (fully charged), the STM32 microcontroller controls the normally closed terminal of relay 2 to disconnect and stop charging the 12V lithium battery; (2) When the lithium battery voltage is less than 12.6V (not fully charged), the STM32 microcontroller controls the normally closed terminal of relay 2 to close and the 12V lithium battery enters the charging state.

[0018] The models of the photoelectric isolators U10, U11 and U12 are all PC817C.

[0019] The model of the motor driver chip is L289N.

[0020] The model of the power module J3 is B0505S.

[0021] The model of the digital isolator U13 is ADUM1250.

[0022] The model of the current monitoring U7 is INA219AIDR.

[0023] The models of relay 1 and relay 2 are both SRD-05VDC-SL-C (5-pin).

[0024] The model of the boost circuit integrated U1 is XL6019.

[0025] The model of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2 is CN3763.

[0026] The model of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is L298N.

[0027] The model of the voltage regulator U9 is AMS1117-5V.

[0028] The model of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is CM1032-DS.

[0029] The models of the N-channel field effect transistors U4 and U5 are both AO4408.

[0030] Intelligent Control: First, the generator of the mechanical module and the solar panel of the solar module are connected to the NC2 and COM ports of relay 2 at the same time, and the NC2 port is normally closed under normal circumstances. Through relay 2, the corresponding charging current and voltage can be provided to the boost circuit integration U1; Then turn on the main power supply and connect the lithium battery in parallel with the current monitoring U7 to monitor the lithium battery voltage: (1) If the power supply voltage is 12.6V (fully charged), the STM32 microcontroller controls the normally closed terminal of relay 2 to disconnect and stop charging the 12V lithium battery; (2) If the power supply voltage meets the requirements for a complete washing program, the STM32 microcontroller controls the NO1 port of relay 1 to close. At this time, if the washing program start switch is pressed, the STM32 microcontroller controls the NC2 port of relay 2 to close, and a complete washing operation can be performed at the same time; If you need to temporarily stop the washing process, you can press the emergency stop button, the STM32 microcontroller controls the washing process to stop, and the STM32 microcontroller controls the NC2 port of relay 2 to close; (3) If the power supply voltage is low and the power module J3 cannot work normally, since the NC2 port of relay 2 is always normally closed, the power module J3 can still be powered by the mechanical module or the solar module.

[0031] If the main power supply is always off, the NC2 port of relay 2 is always in the normally closed state, and the lithium battery can be charged through the mechanical module or the solar module. When the lithium battery is fully charged, the lithium battery charging management integrated U2 will automatically stop charging and the light-emitting diode D13 will light up green. At this time, the output voltage of the charging circuit will be very small, smaller than 12.6V, and the lithium battery cannot be charged. The lithium battery also has its own protection board. When the internal voltage of the lithium battery is greater than a certain value, it will disconnect from the outside, which can effectively ensure the safety of lithium battery charging when the power monitoring is turned off.

[0032] This washing machine makes full use of solar energy and mechanical energy to reduce dependence on external electricity. Through the STM32 microcontroller and current monitoring, it realizes automatic energy management and optimal use strategy, provides multiple operation modes, can adapt to different usage scenarios, improve user experience, reduce carbon emissions, and conform to the concept of sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the control circuit in the embodiment; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit in an embodiment; Figure 3 It is the principle diagram of the discharge circuit in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery protection circuit in an embodiment; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a mechanical module in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a laundry module in an embodiment; Figure 7 2 is a structural diagram of a washing machine in an embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5 , 6 , 7, 1. Hand crank 2. Planet carrier 3. Planet gear 4. Sun gear 5. Rotating shaft 6. Large synchronous pulley 7. Synchronous belt 8. Small synchronous pulley 9. Generator 10. Planetary ring 11. Washing machine inner drum 12. Washing machine impeller 13. Speed ​​motor 14. Energy storage battery 15. Solar panel 16. Solar module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The content of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example

[0036] A solar power generation circuit comprises a control circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit, wherein the control circuit is connected with the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and the lithium battery protection circuit is connected with the charging circuit and the discharging circuit. The control circuit is used to monitor the operation of the charging circuit and reasonably adjust the charging circuit according to the actual operation situation, and control the orderly operation of the discharging circuit according to the external port instruction; the charging circuit plays the role of energy storage and also plays the role of overcharging protection for the lithium battery; the discharging circuit is used to power external loads, including microcontrollers, motors, etc.; the lithium battery protection circuit is used to protect the lithium battery from overcharging and over-discharging during the charging and discharging process.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the control circuit includes an STM32 microcontroller, and the 25th, 26th and 27th pins of the STM32 microcontroller are respectively connected to one end of resistors R25, R26 and R27, and the other ends of the resistors R25, R26 and R27 are respectively connected to the 1st pin of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12, and the 2nd pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected to the ground in parallel, and the 4th pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected in parallel to one end of the resistor R28, and the other end of the resistor R28 is connected to the 5V Voltage connection, the 3rd pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected to the motor driver chip, the 29th and 30th pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the 3rd and 4th pins of the light-emitting diode J1 respectively, the 2nd and 3rd pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the start switch and the emergency stop switch respectively, the ground and power supply ends of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the power module J3, the 21st and 22nd pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the 3rd and 2nd pins of the digital isolation U13 and one end of the resistor R24 ​​and the resistor R23 respectively, the digital isolation The 4th pin of isolation U13 and one end of capacitor C25 are grounded, the other end of resistors R24, R23 and capacitor C25 are connected to voltage VCC, the 6th and 7th pins of digital isolation U13 are connected to the 4th and 3rd pins of current monitoring U7 and one end of resistors R21 and R22 respectively, the 8th pin of digital isolation U13, the other end of resistors R21 and R22, the 5th pin of current monitoring U7, one end of capacitor C15, and one end of capacitor C24 are connected to 5V voltage, the 6th pin of current monitoring U7 is connected to the negative pole of lithium battery protection circuit, the The other end, one end of resistors R20, R17 and R18, the other end of capacitor C24 and pin 5 of digital isolation U13 are connected, the other ends of resistors R17 and R18 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 2 of current monitoring U7, pin 8 of current monitoring U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit and one end of capacitor R19, the other ends of resistors R19 and R20 are connected to pin 7 of current monitoring U7, and pins 41 and 42 of the STM32 microcontroller are respectively connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit through transistors Q3 and Q2.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the charging circuit includes a rectifier bridge B1, a solar cell panel and a relay 2. The solar cell panel is connected to the NC2 terminal of the relay 2 through a diode D5 and the rectifier bridge B1 through a diode D1. The COM terminal of the relay 2 is connected to one end of the capacitors C7, C8, and C9, the 4th foot of the boost circuit integrated U1 and one end of the coil L1. The rectifier bridge B1 is connected to the 1st foot of the boost circuit integrated U1, one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the capacitors C7, C8, and C9, and the charging end of the lithium battery protection circuit. The other end of the coil L1 is connected to the boost circuit integrated U1. The 3rd pin of U1 is connected to one end of the diode D2, the other end of the diode D2 is connected to the sliding resistor R3, the resistor R23, one end of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and the source of the field effect tube Q1, the other end of the sliding resistor R3 is connected to the 5th pin of the boost circuit integrated U1 and the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected to one end of the light-emitting diodes D12 and D13, the other ends of the light-emitting diodes D12 and D13 are connected to the 3rd and 4th pins of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2 respectively, the other ends of the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected to the lithium Pin 2 of the battery charging management integrated circuit U2, pin 1 of the boost circuit U1 and one end of the capacitor C11 are connected, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to pin 1 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to pin 5 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2, pin 10 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the diode D3, the other end of the diode D3 is connected to the diode D4 and one end of the coil L2, and the diode D4 The other end of is connected to one end of capacitors C10, C5, and C6, the charging end of the lithium battery protection circuit, and pin 1 of the boost circuit integrated U1. The other end of capacitor C10 is connected to pin 9 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2 and one end of resistor R2. The other end of resistor R2 is connected to the source of field effect transistor Q1. The other end of coil L2 is connected to one end of resistor R1 and pin 8 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, pins 6 and 7 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, and the other end of capacitors C5 and C6.

[0039] like Figure 3As shown, the discharge circuit includes a relay 1, a dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and a voltage regulator U9, the NO1 end of the relay 1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, the 3rd foot of the voltage regulator U9, and one end of the capacitors C19 and C20, the COM end of the relay 1 is connected to the 4th foot of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8, one end of the diodes D10 and D11, the 1st foot of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is connected to the 15th foot, one end of the diodes D8 and D9, the other ends of the diodes D8 and D9 are respectively connected to the 2nd and 3rd feet of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8, and the other ends of the diodes D10 and D11, the other ends of the diodes D8 and D9 are simultaneously connected to the motor, the 8th foot of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is connected to the 15th foot, one end of the capacitors C15 and C16 and the lithium battery protection circuit The negative electrode of the circuit is connected, the other ends of capacitors C15 and C16 are connected to pin 9 of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8, pin 2 of the voltage regulator U9, one end of capacitors C21, C22, and C23, one end of the coil L3, the control circuit and a 5V voltage, the other ends of capacitors C19 and C20 are connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, pin 1 of the voltage regulator U9, the other ends of capacitors C21, C22, and C23 and pin 1 of the isolation module J3, pin 2 of the isolation module J3 is connected to the other end of the coil L3, pin 3 of the isolation module J3 is connected to one end of the coil L4, pin 4 of the isolation module J3 is connected to one end of capacitors C17 and C18, the control circuit and a VCC5 voltage, and the other end of the coil L4, the other end of the capacitors C17 and C18 and the control circuit are grounded.

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, the lithium battery protection circuit includes a plurality of lithium batteries with positive and negative electrodes connected in series, a plurality of battery protection U3, and N-channel field effect transistors U4 and U5. The positive and negative ends of the plurality of lithium batteries connected in series are respectively the positive electrode B+ and the negative electrode B- of the lithium battery protection circuit. The 1st foot of the plurality of battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the capacitor C14. The 2nd foot of the plurality of battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the capacitor C13. The 3rd foot of the plurality of battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the capacitor C12. The resistor R8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C14. One end is connected to the positive electrode of the multi-cell lithium battery in series, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected between two of the lithium batteries in series, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected between the other two lithium batteries in series, the 4th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to the other end of the capacitors C12, C13, C14, the negative electrode of the multi-cell lithium battery in series, and one end of the resistors R13, R11, and R14, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the 5th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 and one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the 6th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3. Pin 7 of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the other end of the resistor R11 and the 1st, 2nd and 3rd pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U4, the 8th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to the 4th pin of the N-channel field effect transistor U4, the 9th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to the 4th pin of the N-channel field effect transistor U5, the 10th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U5 and extends to the charging end CH-, the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U4 are respectively connected to the 8th, 7th, 6th and 5th pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U5 and the other end of the resistor R14, the positive electrode B+ and the negative electrode B- are connected to the discharge circuit, and the positive electrode B+ and the charging CH- are connected to the charging circuit.

[0041] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, a washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources includes a solar module 16 integrated with the above-mentioned solar power generation circuit, and the washing machine also includes a mechanical module and a laundry module, wherein the laundry module is connected to the solar module 16 and the mechanical module. like Figure 5 As shown, the mechanical module includes a planet carrier 2 with a hand-cranked rocker 1, a group of planetary gears 3 arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the planet carrier 2 are provided in the planet carrier 2, a sun gear 4 meshing with the planetary gears 3 and not in contact with the planet carrier 2 is provided in the middle of the planetary gears 3, a rotating shaft 5 is provided in the middle of the sun gear 4, a large synchronous pulley 6 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 5, the large synchronous pulley 6 is connected to a generator 9 with a small synchronous pulley 8 through a synchronous belt 7, and the generator 9 is connected to the charging circuit of the solar module 16; like Figure 6As shown, the laundry module includes a washing machine inner drum 11, a rotatable washing machine impeller 12 is provided at the inner bottom of the washing machine inner drum 11, a speed motor 13 is provided at the outer bottom wall of the washing machine inner drum 11, and a rotating shaft of the speed motor 13 is rotatably connected to the washing machine impeller 12; A storage battery 14 is also provided outside the washing module, and a solar module 16 is connected to the storage battery 14. The electric energy converted by the solar module 16 and the electric energy converted by the mechanical module through the solar module 16 are stored in the storage battery 14. The energy storage battery 14 supplies power to the speed motor 13 of the washing module.

[0042] The inner wall of the planet carrier 2 is circumferentially provided with a toothed planet ring 10 , and the planet carrier 2 is provided with a group of planetary wheels 3 circumferentially arranged along the inner wall of the planet carrier 2 , and the planetary wheels 3 mesh with the teeth of the planet ring 10 .

[0043] The generator 9 is connected to the rectifier bridge B1 in the solar power generation circuit to convert mechanical energy into direct current.

[0044] The 41st pin of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to one end of a resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the B pole of a transistor Q3, the C pole of the transistor Q3 is grounded, the E pole of the transistor Q3 is connected to one end of a diode D7 and the 2nd pin of a relay 1, and the 1st pin of the relay 1 and the other end of the diode D7 are connected to the voltage VCC5. The 42nd pin of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the B pole of a transistor Q2, the C pole of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the E pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of a diode D6 and the 2nd pin of a relay 2, and the 1st pin of the relay 2 and the other end of the diode D6 are connected to the voltage VCC5.

[0045] The mechanical energy and solar energy are rectified by the rectifier bridge B1 in the charging circuit and the DC power is transmitted to the boost circuit integrated U1, which increases the voltage to an input level suitable for the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, and then the boosted DC power is used to charge the lithium battery through the lithium battery charging management integrated U2.

[0046] The charged lithium battery reduces the voltage to 5V through the voltage regulator U9 in the discharge circuit to power the STM32 microcontroller.

[0047] Relay control: Relay 1: Normally closed and unconnected, normally open terminal connected to lithium battery, COM terminal connected to motor driver chip to power the motor.

[0048] Relay 2: Normally open and unconnected, normally closed and connected to rectifier bridge B1, COM terminal connected to the input terminal of boost circuit integrated U1.

[0049] Monitoring part: The current monitor U7 is connected in parallel with the lithium battery and detects the lithium battery voltage: (1) When the lithium battery voltage is 12.6V (fully charged), the STM32 microcontroller controls the normally closed terminal of relay 2 to disconnect and stop charging the 12V lithium battery; (2) When the lithium battery voltage is less than 12.6V (not fully charged), the STM32 microcontroller controls the normally closed terminal of relay 2 to close and the 12V lithium battery enters the charging state.

[0050] The models of the photoelectric isolators U10, U11 and U12 are all PC817C.

[0051] The model of the motor driver chip is L289N.

[0052] The model of the power module J3 is B0505S.

[0053] The model of the digital isolator U13 is ADUM1250.

[0054] The model of the current monitoring U7 is INA219AIDR.

[0055] The models of relay 1 and relay 2 are both SRD-05VDC-SL-C (5-pin).

[0056] The model of the boost circuit integrated U1 is XL6019.

[0057] The model of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2 is CN3763.

[0058] The model of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is L298N.

[0059] The model of the voltage regulator U9 is AMS1117-5V.

[0060] The model of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is CM1032-DS.

[0061] The models of the N-channel field effect transistors U4 and U5 are both AO4408.

[0062] Intelligent Control: First, the generator 9 of the mechanical module and the solar panel of the solar module are connected to the NC2 and COM ports of the relay 2 at the same time, and the NC2 port is normally closed under normal circumstances. Through the relay 2, the corresponding charging current and voltage can be provided to the boost circuit integration U1; Then turn on the main power supply and connect the lithium battery in parallel with the current monitoring U7 to monitor the lithium battery voltage: (1) If the power supply voltage is 12.6V (fully charged), the STM32 microcontroller controls the normally closed terminal of relay 2 to disconnect and stop charging the 12V lithium battery; (2) If the power supply voltage meets the requirements for a complete washing program, the STM32 microcontroller controls the NO1 port of relay 1 to close. At this time, if the washing program start switch is pressed, the STM32 microcontroller controls the NC2 port of relay 2 to close, and a complete washing operation can be performed at the same time; If you need to temporarily stop the washing process, you can press the emergency stop button, the STM32 microcontroller controls the washing process to stop, and the STM32 microcontroller controls the NC2 port of relay 2 to close; (3) If the power supply voltage is low and the power module J3 cannot work normally, since the NC2 port of relay 2 is always normally closed, the power module J3 can still be powered by the mechanical module or the solar module.

[0063] If the main power supply is always off, the NC2 port of relay 2 is always in the normally closed state, and the lithium battery can be charged through the mechanical module or the solar module. The light-emitting diode D12 lights up red. When the lithium battery is fully charged, the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2 will automatically stop charging and the light-emitting diode D13 lights up green. At this time, the output voltage of the charging circuit will be very small, less than 12.6 volts, and the lithium battery cannot be charged. The lithium battery also has its own protection board. When the internal voltage of the lithium battery is greater than a certain value, it will disconnect from the outside, which can effectively ensure the safety of lithium battery charging when the power monitoring is turned off.

[0064] In this example, the solar cell panel 15 can be extended out of the room in a telescopic manner and electrically connected to a corresponding position through a wire.

Claims

1. A solar power generation circuit, characterized in that: It includes a control circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit, wherein the control circuit is connected to the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and the lithium battery protection circuit is connected to the charging circuit and the discharging circuit. The control circuit is used to monitor the operation of the charging circuit, and reasonably adjust the charging circuit according to the actual operation conditions, and at the same time control the orderly operation of the discharging circuit according to the external port instructions; the charging circuit plays the role of energy storage and at the same time protects the lithium battery from overcharging; the discharging circuit is used to power an external load; the lithium battery protection circuit is used to protect the lithium battery from overcharging and over-discharging during the charging and discharging process.

2. The solar power generation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit includes an STM32 microcontroller, wherein the 25th, 26th and 27th pins of the STM32 microcontroller are respectively connected to one end of resistors R25, R26 and R27, the other ends of the resistors R25, R26 and R27 are respectively connected to the 1st pin of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12, the 2nd pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected to the ground in parallel, the 4th pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected in parallel to one end of the resistor R28, and the other end of the resistor R28 is connected to a 5V voltage Connect, the 3rd pins of the photoelectric isolation U10, U11 and U12 are connected to the motor driver chip, the 29th and 30th pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the 3rd and 4th pins of the light-emitting diode J1 respectively, the 2nd and 3rd pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the start switch and the emergency stop switch respectively, the ground and power supply ends of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the power module J3, the 21st and 22nd pins of the STM32 microcontroller are connected to the 3rd and 2nd pins of the digital isolation U13 and one end of the resistor R24 ​​and the resistor R23 respectively, the digital isolation Pin 4 of U13 and one end of capacitor C25 are grounded, the other ends of resistors R24, R23 and capacitor C25 are connected to voltage VCC, pins 6 and 7 of digital isolation U13 are connected to pins 4 and 3 of current monitoring U7 and one end of resistors R21 and R22 respectively, pin 8 of digital isolation U13, the other end of resistors R21 and R22, pin 5 of current monitoring U7, one end of capacitor C15, and one end of capacitor C24 are connected to 5V voltage, pin 6 of current monitoring U7 is connected to the negative pole of lithium battery protection circuit, the end of capacitor C15 The other end, one end of resistors R20, R17 and R18, the other end of capacitor C24 and pin 5 of digital isolation U13 are connected, the other ends of resistors R17 and R18 are respectively connected to pins 1 and 2 of current monitoring U7, pin 8 of current monitoring U7 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit and one end of capacitor R19, the other ends of resistors R19 and R20 are connected to pin 7 of current monitoring U7, and pins 41 and 42 of the STM32 microcontroller are respectively connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit through transistors Q3 and Q2.

3. The solar power generation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes a rectifier bridge B1, a solar cell panel and a relay 2. The solar cell panel is connected to the NC2 terminal of the relay 2 through a diode D5 and the rectifier bridge B1 is connected to the NC2 terminal of the relay 2 through a diode D1. The COM terminal of the relay 2 is connected to one end of the capacitors C7, C8 and C9, the 4th pin of the boost circuit integrated U1 and one end of the coil L1. The rectifier bridge B1 is connected to the 1st pin of the boost circuit integrated U1, one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the capacitors C7, C8 and C9, and the charging end of the lithium battery protection circuit. The other end of the coil L1 is connected to the Pin 3 is connected to one end of the diode D2, the other end of the diode D2 is connected to the sliding resistor R3, the resistor R23, one end of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4 and the source of the field effect tube Q1, the other end of the sliding resistor R3 is connected to pin 5 of the boost circuit integrated U1 and the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected to one end of the light-emitting diodes D12 and D13, the other ends of the light-emitting diodes D12 and D13 are respectively connected to pins 3 and 4 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, the other ends of the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected to the lithium battery Pin 2 of the charging management integrated circuit U2, pin 1 of the boost circuit U1 and one end of the capacitor C11 are connected, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to pin 1 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to pin 5 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2, pin 10 of the lithium battery charging management integrated circuit U2 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the diode D3, the other end of the diode D3 is connected to the diode D4 and one end of the coil L2, the diode D4 The other end is connected to one end of capacitors C10, C5, and C6, the charging end of the lithium battery protection circuit, and pin 1 of the boost circuit integrated U1. The other end of capacitor C10 is connected to pin 9 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2 and one end of resistor R2. The other end of resistor R2 is connected to the source of field effect transistor Q1. The other end of coil L2 is connected to one end of resistor R1 and pin 8 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, pins 6 and 7 of the lithium battery charging management integrated U2, and the other end of capacitors C5 and C6.

4. The solar power generation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge circuit includes a relay 1, a dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and a voltage regulator U9. The NO1 end of the relay 1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, the 3rd pin of the voltage regulator U9, and one end of the capacitors C19 and C20. The COM end of the relay 1 is connected to the 4th pin of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and one end of the diodes D10 and D11. The 1st pin of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is connected to the 15th pin and one end of the diodes D8 and D9. The other ends of the diodes D8 and D9 are respectively connected to the 2nd and 3rd pins of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 and the other ends of the diodes D10 and D11. The other ends of the diodes D8 and D9 are simultaneously connected to the motor. The 8th pin of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8 is connected to the 15th pin, one end of the capacitors C15 and C16 and the lithium battery protection circuit The negative electrode of the capacitors C15 and C16 are connected, the other ends of the capacitors C15 and C16 are connected to pin 9 of the dual H-bridge motor driver U8, pin 2 of the voltage regulator U9, one end of the capacitors C21, C22, and C23, one end of the coil L3, the control circuit and the 5V voltage, the other ends of the capacitors C19 and C20 are connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery protection circuit, pin 1 of the voltage regulator U9, the other ends of the capacitors C21, C22, and C23 and pin 1 of the isolation module J3, pin 2 of the isolation module J3 is connected to the other end of the coil L3, pin 3 of the isolation module J3 is connected to one end of the coil L4, pin 4 of the isolation module J3 is connected to one end of the capacitors C17 and C18, the control circuit and the VCC5 voltage, and the other end of the coil L4, the other end of the capacitors C17 and C18 and the control circuit are grounded.

5. The solar power generation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery protection circuit includes a plurality of lithium batteries with positive and negative electrodes connected in series, a plurality of battery protection U3, and N-channel field effect transistors U4 and U5. The positive and negative ends of the plurality of lithium batteries connected in series are respectively the positive electrode B+ and the negative electrode B- of the lithium battery protection circuit. The 1st foot of the plurality of battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the capacitor C14. The 2nd foot of the plurality of battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the capacitor C13. The 3rd foot of the plurality of battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the capacitor C12. The other end of the resistor R8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C14. The end is connected to the positive electrode of the multi-cell lithium battery in series, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected between two of the lithium batteries in series, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected between the other two lithium batteries in series, the 4th foot of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to the other end of the capacitors C12, C13, C14, the negative electrode of the multi-cell lithium battery in series, and one end of the resistors R13, R11, and R14, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the 5th foot of the multi-cell battery protection U3 and one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the 6th foot of the multi-cell battery protection U3. Pin 7 of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the other end of the resistor R11 and the 1st, 2nd and 3rd pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U4, the 8th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to the 4th pin of the N-channel field effect transistor U4, the 9th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to the 4th pin of the N-channel field effect transistor U5, the 10th pin of the multi-cell battery protection U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U5 and extends to the charging end CH-, the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U4 are respectively connected to the 8th, 7th, 6th and 5th pins of the N-channel field effect transistor U5 and the other end of the resistor R14, the positive electrode B+ and the negative electrode B- are connected to the discharge circuit, and the positive electrode B+ and the charging CH- are connected to the charging circuit.

6. A washing machine driven by multiple clean energy sources, characterized in that: The solar module integrated with the solar power generation circuit of claim 1, the washing machine further comprising a mechanical module and a laundry module, wherein the laundry module is connected to the solar module and the mechanical module, The mechanical module includes a planetary carrier with a hand-cranked rocker, a group of planetary wheels arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the planetary carrier are arranged in the planetary carrier, a sun wheel meshing with the planetary wheels and not in contact with the planetary carrier is arranged in the middle of the planetary wheels, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the sun wheel, a large synchronous belt wheel is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, the large synchronous belt wheel is connected to a generator with a small synchronous belt wheel through a synchronous belt, and the generator is connected to the solar module; The laundry module comprises a washing machine inner drum, a rotatable washing machine impeller is provided on the inner bottom of the washing machine inner drum, a speed motor is provided on the outer bottom wall of the washing machine inner drum, and a rotating shaft of the speed motor is rotatably connected to the washing machine impeller; An energy storage battery is also provided outside the washing module, and the solar module is connected to the energy storage battery. The electrical energy generated by the solar module and the electrical energy converted by the mechanical module through the solar module are stored in the energy storage battery, and the energy storage battery supplies power to the speed motor of the washing module.

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