Light selection temperature regulation photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a light selection temperature regulation photovoltaic module, which comprises an aluminum frame, photovoltaic glass, a front packaging adhesive film, a solar cell, a back packaging adhesive film and a back plate from top to bottom in sequence, and is characterized in that six groups of components of the photovoltaic module are stacked in sequence to form a layered structure, and the periphery of the layered structure is packaged by a packaging structure; thermochromic hydrogel derivative liquid is injected between the aluminum frame and the photovoltaic glass, and the phase change temperature of the thermochromic hydrogel derivative liquid is 26-30 DEG C. The dual-network thermochromic derivative solution is in a colorless transparent state when the temperature is lower than the phase change temperature and is in a white state when the temperature is higher than the phase change temperature, and when the temperature is higher than the phase change temperature, the photovoltaic module can reflect (shield) infrared rays, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, and the photovoltaic module can continuously and stably generate power at the outdoor temperature of 25-40 DEG C; and the power generation efficiency is improved by 0.5% compared with that of a common photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and in particular to a light selective temperature regulating photovoltaic assembly. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation occupies an important position in the global energy structure.

[0003] Sunlight is divided into visible light, infrared light and ultraviolet light. Visible light is the main source of photovoltaic power generation, accounting for about 45% of sunlight. Infrared light (greater than 760nm) is the main source of heat for the temperature rise of photovoltaic power generation components, accounting for about 50% of sunlight.

[0004] During the use of photovoltaic power generation components, the optimal power generation temperature is 20℃~30℃. For every degree Celsius increase in temperature, the output power will decrease by 0.4% to 0.6%. Therefore, there is a cooling problem during the operation of solar cells. At present, the cooling of photovoltaic power generation components is mainly divided into two methods: active cooling and passive cooling. Although active cooling has a better cooling effect, it requires a large initial investment and will also generate more energy consumption. Compared with active cooling, passive cooling has a less obvious cooling effect, but the initial investment and energy consumption are smaller.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a light-selective temperature-regulating photovoltaic component, which can both cool down and perform light-selective regulation, so as to achieve stable and continuous power generation of the photovoltaic power generation component at an outdoor temperature of 25°C to 40°C. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application solves the technical problem in the prior art that the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power generation components decreases due to temperature rise by providing a light-selective temperature-regulating photovoltaic component, thereby achieving stable and continuous power generation by the photovoltaic power generation component at outdoor temperatures of 25°C to 40°C.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides a light-selective temperature-regulating photovoltaic module, wherein, from top to bottom, there are an aluminum frame, photovoltaic glass, a front packaging film, a solar cell, a back packaging film and a back panel. The six groups of components of the photovoltaic module are stacked in sequence into a layered structure and are encapsulated by a packaging structure on all sides. A thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is injected between the aluminum frame and the photovoltaic glass, and the phase change temperature of the thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is 26°C to 30°C.

[0008] Preferably, the thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is a double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel-derived liquid.

[0009] Preferably, the edges of the aluminum frame extend toward the photovoltaic glass.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the double network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel-derived liquid is specifically as follows:

[0011] S01 preparation of double network isopropyl acrylamide PNIPAm hydrogel;

[0012] S02: carrageenan KCA is made into KCA solution, the PNIPAm hydrogel prepared in step S01 is mixed with the KCA solution in a certain proportion and stirred evenly, and then sodium silicate Na2SiO3 solution is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred to obtain a double network thermochromic hydrogel derivative liquid.

[0013] Preferably, in step S02, the ratio of the PNIPAm hydrogel to the carrageenan KCA is 1:1 to 1:3.

[0014] Preferably, the concentration of the sodium silicate Na2SiO3 solution is 0.2-0.7wt%.

[0015] A technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following technical effects:

[0016] 1. Due to the use of a double-network thermochromic derivative solution, the double-network thermochromic derivative solution is injected into the cavity between the photovoltaic glass and the aluminum frame. The double-network thermochromic derivative solution is colorless and transparent when it is below the phase transition temperature, and is white when it is above the phase transition temperature. When the temperature is higher than the phase transition temperature, the photovoltaic module can reflect (shield) infrared rays and reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the technical problem of the photovoltaic module in the prior art that the power generation efficiency is reduced due to the high temperature has been solved, and the photovoltaic module has achieved continuous and stable power generation, and the power generation efficiency is 0.5% higher than that of ordinary photovoltaic modules.

[0017] 2. The double-network thermochromic derivative solution in the embodiment of the present application is a double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel derivative liquid. The double-network thermochromic material is prepared by using Na2SiO3, KCA and temperature-sensitive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide PNIPAm) to construct a double-network thermochromic derivative solution. The double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel derivative liquid has a low phase change temperature, and a phase change occurs at about 27.2°C, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] 100-aluminum frame; 110-thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid; 200-photovoltaic glass; 300-front encapsulation film; 400-solar cell; 500-back panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiment of the present application solves the technical problem in the prior art that the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules is reduced due to high temperature by providing a light-selective temperature-regulating photovoltaic module, thereby achieving continuous and stable power generation of the photovoltaic module, and the power generation efficiency is increased by 0.5% compared with the case without coating.

[0021] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0022] By preparing a double-network thermochromic material, a double-network thermochromic derivative solution was constructed using Na2SiO3, KCA and temperature-sensitive poly N-isopropylacrylamide PNIPAm. The derivative solution will undergo a phase change according to changes in the external environment. The phase change temperature of the double-network thermochromic derivative solution in the embodiment of the present application is 27°C. When the temperature is lower than 27°C, the transmittance is more than 89%, which does not affect the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. When the temperature is higher than 27°C, a phase change occurs, the temperature is reduced, and the color is changed to adjust the light, thereby avoiding excessive temperature of the photovoltaic module and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The power generation efficiency can be increased by 0.5%.

[0023] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments of the present application, a light-selective temperature-adjustable photovoltaic module is provided. Specifically, the photovoltaic module includes: from top to bottom, an aluminum frame 100, a photovoltaic glass 200, a front packaging film 300, a solar cell 400, a back packaging film 300 and a back panel 500. The six groups of components are stacked in sequence from top to bottom into a layered structure and encapsulated by a surrounding packaging structure.

[0026] A thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid 110 is injected between the aluminum frame 100 and the photovoltaic glass 200. The phase change temperature of the thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid 110 is 26°C to 30°C. The thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid 110 is transparent below the phase change temperature, with a light transmittance of 89%. Above the phase change temperature, a phase change and color change occur, which can cool the photovoltaic glass, refract and reflect sunlight of different wavelengths, transmit visible light and reflect infrared rays, balance the temperature of the photovoltaic modules, and enable the photovoltaic modules to generate stable electricity at outdoor temperatures of 25°C to 40°C.

[0027] The thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid 110 is a double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel-derived liquid.

[0028] The preparation method of the double network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel-derived liquid is as follows:

[0029] S01. Weigh 3.5 g of monomer isopropyl acrylamide, 0.168 g of cross-linking agent N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 25 mL of ultrapure water in a beaker and stir for 30 min to obtain solution A.

[0030] S02. Add 115 mL of ultrapure water, 0.4 g of monomer isopropyl acrylamide and 0.007 g of cross-linking agent N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide into a three-necked flask. After fully dissolved, continue to introduce N2, adjust the water bath heating temperature to 50°C, and continue stirring for 1 hour.

[0031] S03. Slowly add 0.6 mL of N,N,N'N'-tetramethylethylenediamine into the flask, followed by 0.8 mL of 10 wt% ammonium sulfate solution, raise the temperature to 70 °C, continue stirring for 1 min, and then use a peristaltic pump to slowly add solution A. After 2 h, stop heating and stop passing N2 to obtain isopropylacrylamide PNIPAm hydrogel.

[0032] S04. Weigh 0.25 g of KCA and dissolve it in 50 mL of ultrapure water. Stir and swell it at 50 °C for 1 hour, then raise the temperature to 75 °C, stir again for 1 hour, and finally cool it to 40 °C for use.

[0033] S05. The PNIPAm hydrogel prepared in S03 and the carrageenan KCA solution prepared in S04 were mixed in a ratio of 1:2 and stirred for 1 hour, and then 0.3 wt % Na2SiO3 solution was added and stirred to obtain a hydrogel-derived liquid.

[0034] In the above embodiment, a frame is extended around the aluminum frame 100 in the direction facing the photovoltaic glass 200 , and a cavity for loading the thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid 110 is formed after the photovoltaic glass 200 is sealed.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the KCA solution can be replaced by a sodium alginate solution, and the phase transition temperature of the obtained double-network thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is 27.8° C., and the low-temperature transmittance is 88.5%.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the Na2SiO3 solution can be replaced by a K2SiO3 solution, and the phase transition temperature of the obtained double-network thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is 28.2°C, and the low-temperature transmittance is 88.6%.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the KCA solution can be replaced by a sodium alginate solution, and the Na2SiO3 solution can be replaced by a K2SiO3 solution. The phase transition temperature of the obtained double-network thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is 28.8°C, and the low-temperature transmittance is 87.8%.

[0038] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0039] 1. Due to the use of a double-network thermochromic derivative solution, the double-network thermochromic derivative solution is injected into the cavity between the photovoltaic glass and the aluminum frame. The double-network thermochromic derivative solution is colorless and transparent when it is below the phase transition temperature, and is white when it is above the phase transition temperature. When the temperature is higher than the phase transition temperature, the photovoltaic module can reflect (shield) infrared rays and reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the technical problem of the photovoltaic module in the prior art that the power generation efficiency is reduced due to the high temperature has been solved, and the photovoltaic module has achieved continuous and stable power generation, and the power generation efficiency is 0.5% higher than that of ordinary photovoltaic modules.

[0040] 2. The double-network thermochromic derivative solution in the embodiment of the present application is a double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel derivative liquid. The double-network thermochromic material is prepared by using Na2SiO3, KCA and temperature-sensitive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide PNIPAm) to construct a double-network thermochromic derivative solution. The double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel derivative liquid has a low phase change temperature, and a phase change occurs at about 27.2°C, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module.

[0041] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A light selective temperature regulating photovoltaic module, wherein: From top to bottom, there are aluminum frame, photovoltaic glass, front packaging film, solar cell, back packaging film and backboard. The six groups of components of the photovoltaic module are stacked in sequence into a layered structure and encapsulated by a packaging structure on all sides. Thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is injected between the aluminum frame and the photovoltaic glass. The phase change temperature of the thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is 26°C to 30°C.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The thermochromic hydrogel-derived liquid is a double-network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel-derived liquid.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The edges of the aluminum frame extend toward the photovoltaic glass.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: The preparation method of the double network PNIPAm / KCA / Na2SiO3 hydrogel-derived liquid is specifically as follows: S01 preparation of double network isopropyl acrylamide PNIPAm hydrogel; S02: carrageenan KCA is made into KCA solution, the PNIPAm hydrogel prepared in step S01 is mixed with the KCA solution in a certain proportion and stirred evenly, and then sodium silicate Na2SiO3 solution is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred to obtain a double network thermochromic hydrogel derivative liquid.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein: The ratio of the PNIPAm hydrogel to the carrageenan KCA in the step S02 is 1:1 to 1:

3.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein: The concentration of the sodium silicate Na2SiO3 solution is 0.2-0.7wt%.

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