Computer-supported manufacturing method and manufacturing system
Through the computer-supported manufacturing method and dynamic adjustment of order control devices, the problems of manufacturing order delay and material waste in the prior art are solved, and an efficient and resource-saving manufacturing process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380071304.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-10-07
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is prone to delay and waste of materials when processing and manufacturing orders, especially when the workpiece blank is not fully utilized or the workpiece is defective, it requires frequent replenishment of manufacturing, resulting in reduced machine tool efficiency.
Through a computer-supported manufacturing method, the manufacturing plan is dynamically adjusted using order control devices, allowing processing to begin when the workpiece blank is not fully filled, and the damaged or defective workpiece is supplemented on the same workpiece blank, reducing delays and material waste.
It achieves processing and manufacturing orders with almost no delay while maintaining machine tools' autonomy and high efficiency, improves the utilization rate of workpiece blanks, and reduces material waste and manufacturing time.
Smart Images
Figure CN119998744A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a computer-assisted production method for producing a workpiece from a workpiece blank by means of a machine tool. The invention also relates to a production system having a machining device and an order control device. Background Art
[0002] Such methods are usually used for processing workpiece blanks in the form of metal sheets, which can be fed to the machine tool as sheet metal plates or sheet metal coils. In addition, such methods can be used for material processing. Cutting machines, in particular laser cutting machines and / or punching machines are usually used for processing workpiece blanks.
[0003] In order to use the workpiece blanks as economically as possible while maximizing the efficiency of the machine tools, the workpieces to be manufactured are arranged as densely as possible on the workpiece blanks, and the manufacturing plan is only approved for processing by the machine tool when the workpiece blanks are highly utilized or the workpiece density is high. For this purpose, it is usually necessary to combine multiple manufacturing orders If a manufacturing order does not fully utilize the workpiece blanks, the processing of the manufacturing order will be delayed or will occur with a high degree of material waste.
[0004] In addition, during laser cutting, various influences may cause the workpiece to be damaged during production or to be produced defectively by the machine tool. Such damaged or defective workpieces may be identified by the machine tool or the operator and must then be supplemented / reproduced to fully complete the production order.
[0005] Conventional methods provide that defective or damaged workpieces are either manually re-produced in a laborious manner by an operator or are produced by a machine tool from a subsequent workpiece blank.
[0006] In all cases, the supplementary production of these defective or damaged workpieces (supplementary production means supplementary production of good workpieces corresponding to the defective or damaged workpieces) will lead to significant delays, so that the manufacturing order cannot be completed. In order to enable the machine tool to continue to operate, additional storage surfaces must be provided for temporary storage of unfinished manufacturing orders.
[0007] Delays in processing a manufacturing order can also result in delivery deadlines not being met. In this case, the ongoing manufacturing process of the machine tool must usually be interrupted in order to manufacture the defective or damaged workpiece on the additionally provided workpiece blank, resulting in a large amount of material waste. This reduces the automation level of the machine tool and subsequent manufacturing orders can be significantly delayed.
[0008] Therefore, in order to prevent delays, it is usually provided that individual workpieces or all workpieces in a manufacturing order are manufactured twice or more. In other words, spare workpieces are produced which, if necessary, replace defective and / or damaged workpieces. Unnecessary spare workpieces must then be disposed of. This results in considerable material waste and significantly longer manufacturing times and therefore does not constitute a suitable solution to the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention
[0009] Purpose of the Invention
[0010] The invention is based on the object of providing a method for producing workpieces which enables production orders to be processed virtually without delay in a resource-saving manner while maintaining a high degree of autonomy. In addition, the object is to provide a suitable production system.
[0011] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a computer-supported method according to claim 1. The object is also achieved by a manufacturing system according to claim 15. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments.
[0012] According to the present invention, a computer supported manufacturing method is provided.
[0013] The production method is suitable for producing a workpiece from a workpiece blank. The workpiece blank can be present as a plate, for example in the form of a sheet metal plate, and / or as a coil, for example in the form of a sheet metal coil or a material coil.
[0014] The method is provided for using a machine tool, in particular a flat-bed machine tool, with a processing device. The processing device can be designed, for example, as a cutting machine or a punching machine.
[0015] A workpiece is manufactured from a workpiece blank by a machine tool according to a manufacturing plan. The manufacturing plan includes at least one workpiece to be manufactured. Preferably, the manufacturing plan includes a plurality of workpieces to be manufactured, particularly preferably a large number of workpieces to be manufactured. The manufacturing plan can have a workpiece grouping, which has a plurality of associated workpieces, for example a plurality of associated workpieces of a common structural component. In this case, the method features described here and below can also relate to the workpiece grouping. The manufacturing plan can contain workpieces and / or workpiece groupings of different manufacturing orders.
[0016] The manufacturing plan usually contains geometrical manufacturing instructions about the workpiece to be manufactured, such as one or more workpiece dimensions, workpiece contours and / or workpiece positions on the workpiece blank. The manufacturing information is preferably encoded in a machine-readable manner and contains all relevant information that enables the workpiece to be manufactured, in particular automatically. In other words, manual processing by an operator is no longer necessary.
[0017] The manufacturing plan usually has a geometrical dimension that does not exceed the processing range of the processing device. The workpiece blank is preferably designed to fit into the processing area of the processing device. In the case of a workpiece blank that protrudes beyond the processing area of the processing device, for example a workpiece blank in the form of a coil, the manufacturing plan can be limited to the section of the workpiece blank that corresponds to the processing area of the processing device.
[0018] In a method step of the manufacturing method, the manufacturing plan is at least partially transmitted by an order control device. Usually, the manufacturing plan is completely transmitted to the processing device. The order control device is usually designed to automatically create and / or transmit the manufacturing plan. When creating the manufacturing plan, preferably, the arrangement or layout of the workpieces to be manufactured on the workpiece blanks to be processed is carried out based on a manufacturing order with discrete descriptions of the workpieces to be manufactured as a basis. The order control device can include a computer algorithm, in particular a self-learning computer algorithm, which optimizes the arrangement or layout of the workpieces on the workpiece blanks. In this way, the utilization rate of the available workpiece blanks can be increased.
[0019] In a further method step, at least one workpiece is manufactured from the workpiece blank according to the manufacturing plan. In other words, the machine tool starts to manufacture the workpiece. Usually, the workpiece blank has been pre-supplied, in particular directly pre-supplied to the processing area of the processing device.
[0020] In a further method step, the order control determines the production progress of the processing device with respect to the production of the workpiece. In other words, the order control determines the workpieces that have been produced according to the production plan. The production progress can be determined, for example, at fixed time intervals and / or for specific events in the completion of the production plan, for example, when a workpiece is completed.
[0021] A further method step provides for the order control to change the production plan during the production of the workpieces as a function of the production progress. The order control can provide, for example, for changes to the arrangement of unproduced workpieces and / or for additional processing of already produced workpieces.
[0022] According to the invention, a production method is disclosed, which provides that during the production of the workpieces in the machine tool, the production plan is changed by the order control. Thus, for example, the processing of an order by the machine tool begins before the workpiece blank is completely occupied by the workpieces to be produced. Complete occupation can be achieved during production by changing the production plan. In addition, damaged or defective workpieces can be easily supplemented with the same workpiece blank. In all cases, delays in the processing of the production order can be reduced.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the computer-assisted production method, the machine tool is designed as a laser cutting machine. The inventors have found that the production method is particularly advantageous in combination with a laser cutting machine.
[0024] Also preferred are embodiments of the computer-assisted production method in which the production plan is modified for an unproduced workpiece.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the computer-assisted manufacturing method, the workpieces are manufactured by the processing devices in a manufacturing sequence defined in the manufacturing plan, wherein during the manufacturing of the workpieces, the order control device changes the manufacturing sequence of the unmanufactured workpieces of the manufacturing order. This makes it possible to avoid delays in the completion of a manufacturing order, for example by manufacturing the same workpieces of a subsequent manufacturing order.
[0026] Also preferred is an embodiment of the computer-assisted manufacturing method in which the order control device supplements the manufacturing plan with at least one additional workpiece to be manufactured. Preferably, before changing the manufacturing plan, the order control device determines, in particular automatically determines, the free space on the workpiece blank required to add the additional workpiece to be manufactured. The additional workpiece to be manufactured can be, for example, a workpiece to be additionally manufactured, for example for a subsequent manufacturing order, in order to increase the utilization rate of the workpiece blank.
[0027] The following embodiment of the computer-assisted production method is preferred, which has the following method steps:
[0028] A manufactured defective and / or damaged workpiece is identified, wherein the further, supplementary workpiece corresponds to the manufactured defective and / or damaged workpiece.
[0029] As a result, the already produced defective and / or damaged workpiece can be re-produced without significant delay.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the computer-assisted manufacturing method, the order control device removes at least one unmanufactured workpiece from the manufacturing plan. Preferably, unnecessary spare workpieces can be removed from the manufacturing plan. This allows free space to be created on the workpiece blank for arranging workpieces to be additionally manufactured and / or additional workpieces.
[0031] Furthermore, preferred are embodiments of the computer-assisted manufacturing method in which the order control changes the arrangement of the workpieces that have not yet been manufactured on the workpiece blank. The change in the arrangement of the workpieces preferably results in a higher degree of occupation of the workpiece blank by the workpieces. Particularly preferably, the change in the arrangement can be carried out by the order control in conjunction with the removal and / or addition of workpieces in the manufacturing plan. This makes it possible to accelerate the processing of the manufacturing order.
[0032] Also preferred is the following embodiment of the computer-supported manufacturing method, in which the manufacturing plan is divided into at least two manufacturing sections. A manufacturing section is to be understood as a part of the manufacturing plan to be processed independently of the processing device. In other words, the manufacturing section contains all information that is important to the processing device in order to carry out the manufacture of the workpiece according to the manufacturing section independently of the rest of the manufacturing plan. As a result, the manufacturing sections can be transmitted to the processing device separately from each other by the order control device. In other words, during the manufacture of the workpiece, the processing device only has access to a part of the manufacturing plan. As a result, changes to the manufacturing plan can be limited to manufacturing sections that have not yet been transmitted to the processing device by the order control device, for example. The order control device can particularly easily change the manufacturing plan or the manufacturing section without interfering with the manufacturing section to be completed by the processing device.
[0033] Preferably, the determination of the manufacturing progress can be performed by the order control device through transmission from the order control device to the manufacturing section of the processing device.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the computer-assisted manufacturing method, each workpiece to be manufactured is manufactured in a separate manufacturing section. In other words, each individual workpiece can be transferred to a processing device and manufactured by the processing device independently of the rest of the manufacturing plan. In this case, the manufacturing plan can be transferred to the processing device by means of a clocked and / or continuous transfer of the individual manufacturing sections.
[0035] Particularly preferred is a development of the computer-assisted production method in which the order control device transfers the production sections to the processing device as a function of the production schedule, so that the production sections can be transferred as a function of the processing speed of the processing device.
[0036] Particularly preferred is a development of the computer-assisted production method in which the order control device transmits a (new) production section to the processing device only when the previously transmitted production section has been processed by the processing device. This allows maximum flexibility in changing the production plan.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the computer-assisted manufacturing method, it can be provided that the processing device sends the manufacturing progress in completing the manufacturing plan to the order control device, thereby ensuring that the already manufactured workpieces can be identified based on the latest information.
[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the computer-assisted manufacturing method includes another processing device for manufacturing the workpiece according to another manufacturing plan. It can be provided that the manufacturing plan of one of the processing devices is changed according to the change of the manufacturing plan of the other processing device. In this way, for example, the workpiece to be additionally manufactured can be added or arranged in the manufacturing plan of the corresponding other processing device or on the workpiece blank. In other words, the workpiece to be manufactured can be processed across machines. Delays in the completion of the manufacturing order can be prevented particularly effectively.
[0039] The underlying object is also achieved by a manufacturing system. The manufacturing system comprises at least one processing device and an order control device. Preferably, the manufacturing system comprises at least two processing devices, in particular a plurality of processing devices. Typically, each processing device is assigned to a machine tool.
[0040] The order control device can be an integral part of the machine tool. In addition, the order control device can be designed as a separate unit. In any case, the order control device is configured to communicate or exchange data with at least one processing device.
[0041] The order control device is configured to execute the manufacturing method described above and below. In other words, the order control device is configured to create and change the manufacturing plan in the manner described above and below, in particular automatically.
[0042] By way of example and not exhaustive, changing the manufacturing plan may involve, for example, adding additional workpieces, removing workpieces, the arrangement of workpieces, the manufacturing sequence, etc.
[0043] Further features and advantages of the invention can be found in the description, the claims and the drawings. According to the invention, the above-mentioned features and the features to be described further can be used individually or in any suitable combination for a plurality of features. The embodiments shown and described should not be understood as exhaustive, but should be understood as having exemplary properties for describing the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram shows a manufacturing method for manufacturing a workpiece according to the present invention;
[0045] Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows the method for executing the Figure 1 A manufacturing system having a processing device and an order control device according to an exemplary first embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention;
[0046] Figure 3 An exemplary second embodiment for carrying out the manufacturing method according to the present invention is shown. Figure 2 Manufacturing systems in. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] Figure 1 A computer-assisted production method 10 according to the invention is shown in a schematic diagram.
[0048] The manufacturing method 10 is designed to be used by having a processing device 20 (see Figure 2 ) of machine tool 18 (see Figure 2 ), especially flat bed machine tools according to the manufacturing plan 16 (see Figure 2 ) is composed of a workpiece blank 14 (see Figure 2 ) manufacturing (multiple) workpieces 12 (see Figure 2 ).
[0049] The production method has the following method steps:
[0050] a) by order control means 24 (see Figure 2 ) at least partially transmitting 22 the manufacturing plan 16;
[0051] b) manufacturing 26 at least one workpiece 12 from the workpiece blank 14 according to the manufacturing plan 16;
[0052] c) determining 28, by means of the order control device 24, the manufacturing progress of the processing device 20 in manufacturing the workpieces 12;
[0053] d) During the production of these workpieces 12 , the production plan 16 is changed 30 by the order control device 24 as a function of the production progress.
[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a manufacturing system 32 is shown.
[0055] The manufacturing system 32 includes a processing device 20 and an order control device 24. The processing device 20 is a component of a machine tool 18, which is designed to produce workpieces 12 from workpiece blanks 14 according to a manufacturing plan 16. For the sake of clarity, only two workpieces 12 are provided with reference numerals. According to the embodiment shown, the order control device 24 is designed as a separate unit and is configured to communicate with the processing device 20.
[0056] In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the production system 32 has at least two, in particular a plurality of machine tools 18 , which each have a processing device 20 .
[0057] According to method step 22 “transmitting the manufacturing plan”, the order control device 24 transmits the manufacturing plan 16 at least partially to the processing device 20. The manufacturing plan 16 includes the manufacturing information required for manufacturing the workpiece 12. The manufacturing information can be in the form of a workpiece contour, a workpiece position, a manufacturing sequence and / or machine parameters of the workpiece 12 to be manufactured. As shown, the manufacturing plan 16 has been completely transferred to the processing device 20. In a special embodiment, it can be provided that the manufacturing plan 16 is divided into manufacturing sections, which are in particular transmitted separately and independently to the processing device 20. For example, one manufacturing section may involve the manufacture of a rectangular workpiece 12, while another manufacturing section may involve the manufacture of a circular workpiece 12. In addition, each workpiece 12 may be contained in a separate manufacturing section.
[0058] In the further method step 26 of “manufacturing at least one workpiece”, at least one workpiece 12 is manufactured by the processing device 20 according to the manufacturing plan 16. Figure 2 , a plurality of manufactured workpieces 34 are shown.
[0059] In method step 28 “determine manufacturing progress”, the manufacturing progress with respect to the processing of the manufacturing plan 16 is determined by the order control 24. In other words, it can be determined which workpieces 12 have already been manufactured or are present as manufactured workpieces 34. In addition, it can be determined which workpieces 12 have not yet been manufactured or are present as unmanufactured workpieces 36, as shown.
[0060] By knowing the progress of the production, the production plan 16 can be changed by the order control device 24 according to the method step 30 "Change the production plan". For example, it can be provided that a supplementary workpiece 38 is added to the production plan 16. This can be achieved by utilizing the available free space on the workpiece blank 16. Preferably, the order control device 24 determines, in particular automatically determines, the free space on the workpiece blank 14 that is available for this purpose.
[0061] Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, that during the production of the workpieces 12, one or more of the workpieces 12 was damaged and / or produced defectively. Figure 2 , a damaged workpiece 40 is shown. In this case, the production method 10 can provide that the supplementary workpiece 38 corresponds to the damaged and / or defectively produced workpiece 40. In other words, the damaged workpiece 40 can be supplemented and produced on the same workpiece blank 14 without delay.
[0062] Figure 3 Shown is the method for executing Figure 1 Another exemplary embodiment of the manufacturing method 10 Figure 2 The manufacturing method 32 in the embodiment is provided for illustration.
[0063] According to the production plan 16 , at the start of the production of the workpieces 12 , it is provided that the number of workpieces 12 shown is produced from the workpiece blanks 14 by means of the processing device 20 of the machine tool 18 .
[0064] During the production of the workpieces 12 , two damaged workpieces 40 can be detected or identified by way of example by the processing device 20 . The processing device 20 transmits information about the damaged workpieces 40 , such as the position and type, to the order control device 24 .
[0065] The order control device 24 determines the production progress of the processing device 20 with respect to the completion of the production plan 16 , wherein, for example, the produced workpieces 34 and the unproduced workpieces 36 are ascertained.
[0066] Then, the order control device 24 can make changes to the manufacturing plan 16 according to the manufacturing progress. As shown, it can be configured that the order control device 24 creates a changed manufacturing plan 16a. As shown, the manufacturing plan 16a can include a change in the number of unmanufactured workpieces 36 to provide free space on the workpiece blank 14 for arranging the supplementary workpiece 38.
[0067] The changed manufacturing plan 16 a is then transmitted to the machining device 20 , which completes the machining of the workpiece blank 14 in accordance with the changed manufacturing plan 16 a .
[0068] The omitted workpiece 36 may be provided, for example, in the production plan 16 of a workpiece blank 14 to be subsequently processed.
[0069] In general, it is worth noting that, in particular in the case of a manufacturing plan 16 with a large number of workpieces 12 to be manufactured, the manufacturing plan 16 may be changed multiple times.
[0070] Reference numerals list
[0071] Manufacturing method 10;
[0072] Workpiece 12;
[0073] Workpiece blank 14;
[0074] Manufacturing plans 16, 16a;
[0075] Machine tools 18;
[0076] Processing device 20;
[0077] Method step 22 “transmitting the manufacturing plan”;
[0078] order control device 24;
[0079] Method step 26 “Manufacturing at least one workpiece”
[0080] Method step 28 "determine the manufacturing progress of the processing device";
[0081] Method step 30 “Change manufacturing plan”;
[0082] Manufacturing system 32;
[0083] manufactured workpiece 34;
[0084] Unmanufactured workpiece 36;
[0085] Supplementary artifacts 38;
[0086] Damaged workpiece 40.
Claims
1. A computer-assisted manufacturing method (10) for manufacturing a workpiece (12) from a workpiece blank (14) according to a manufacturing plan (16, 16a) by means of a machine tool (18) having a machining device (20), the machine tool being in particular a flat-bed machine tool, the computer-assisted manufacturing method comprising the following method steps: a) at least partially transmitting (22) the manufacturing plan (16, 16a) via an order control device (24); b) producing (26) at least one workpiece (12) from the workpiece blank (14) according to the production plan (16, 16a) by means of the processing device (20); c) determining, by means of the order control device (24), the manufacturing progress of the processing device (20) in manufacturing the workpiece (12); d) During the manufacture of the workpiece (12), the manufacturing plan (16, 16a) is changed by the order control device (24) according to the manufacturing progress.
2. The computer-supported manufacturing method (10) according to claim 1, wherein: The machine tool (18) is designed as a laser cutting machine.
3. The computer-supported manufacturing method (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The manufacturing plan (16, 16a) is changed for an unmanufactured workpiece (36).
4. The computer-supported manufacturing method (10) according to claim 3, wherein: The workpiece (12) is manufactured by the processing device (20) in the manufacturing sequence determined in the manufacturing plan (16, 16a); wherein, during the manufacturing of the workpiece (12), the order control device (24) changes the manufacturing sequence of the unmanufactured workpiece (36) of the manufacturing plan (16, 16a).
5. The computer-assisted manufacturing method (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The order control device (24) supplements the production plan (16, 16a) with at least one additional additional workpiece (38) to be produced.
6. The computer-assisted production method (10) according to claim 5, comprising the following method steps: e) identifying defective and / or damaged manufactured workpieces (40); in, The further, supplementary workpiece (38) to be produced corresponds to the produced defective and / or damaged workpiece (40).
7. The computer-assisted manufacturing method (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The order control device (24) removes at least one workpiece (12) to be manufactured from the manufacturing plan (16, 16a).
8. The computer-assisted manufacturing method (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The order control device (24) changes the arrangement of a workpiece (36) not yet manufactured on the workpiece blank (14).
9. The computer-assisted manufacturing method (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The manufacturing plan (16, 16a) is divided into at least two manufacturing sections, wherein the manufacturing sections are transmitted from the order control device (24) to the processing device (20) separately and independently from each other.
10. The computer-supported manufacturing method (10) according to claim 9, wherein: Each workpiece (12) to be produced is produced in a separate production section.
11. The computer-supported manufacturing method (10) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein: The order control device (24) transmits the manufacturing section to the processing device (20) according to the manufacturing progress.
12. The computer-supported manufacturing method (10) according to claim 11, wherein: When the previously transmitted manufacturing section has been processed by the processing device (20), the order control device (24) transmits a manufacturing section to the processing device (20).
13. The computer-assisted manufacturing method (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The processing device (20) sends the manufacturing progress in completing the manufacturing plan (16, 16a) to the order control device (24).
14. The computer-assisted production method (10) according to claim 1, further comprising a further processing device (20) for producing the workpiece (12) according to a further production plan (16, 16a), wherein: A manufacturing plan (16, 16a) of one processing device (20) is changed according to a change in a manufacturing plan (16, 16a) of another processing device (20).
15. A manufacturing system (32) comprising at least one processing device (20) and an order control device (24) configured to perform the manufacturing method (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.