Ocean mining transportation device

Abstract

The marine mining transportation device comprises a floating ball, a lifting appliance, a backfilling box, a mineral material box and a second control rod, hoisting ropes are arranged on the backfilling box and the mineral material box; at least one pair of lifting lugs, namely a left lifting lug and a right lifting lug, is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the floating ball; a first lifting appliance, a third self-control hook, a backfilling box lifting rope and a backfilling box are sequentially connected below the left lifting lug; a second lifting appliance, a mineral aggregate box lifting rope and a mineral aggregate box are sequentially connected below the right lifting lug; a second control rod is horizontally hinged between the third self-control hook and the second lifting appliance; the length of the second control rod is smaller than the vertical line distance between the first lifting appliance and the second lifting appliance, and the bottom of the mineral aggregate box hung on the floating ball is higher than the bottom of the backfilling box by h meters; the mine car is used for loading the mineral material box, the drawing force borne by the second control rod is increased, the backfilling box is unloaded through the counter-acting force of the second control rod on the third self-control hook, the floating ball is used for carrying the mineral material box to float upwards, and buoyancy transportation of deep-sea mining is achieved.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of patent application No. 202410435844.2, filed on April 11, 2024, entitled "A Deep-Sea Mining Buoyancy Transportation Device". Technical Field

[0002] This invention belongs to the field of deep-sea mining equipment technology, specifically relating to a deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device. Background Technology

[0003] The seabed is rich in mineral resources such as manganese nodules, polymetallic sulfides, and cobalt-rich nodules, as well as a large amount of rare metals. Developing seabed mineral resources has become an important force to support future economic, industrial, and technological development.

[0004] Deep-sea mining typically uses a surface mother ship as the support platform for the system. Below the pipe-to-ship connection device at the bottom of the ship, a slurry lift riser is connected to the system, extending to a depth of several hundred meters below the seabed. The top of the lift riser is connected to the pipe-to-ship connection device, and the bottom of the lift riser is connected to a lift pump unit, hoses, and a seabed mining vehicle. The mining vehicle operates on the seabed, pumping the collected slurry through hoses to the inlet of the lift pump unit, which then transports the slurry back to the surface mother ship via the lift riser.

[0005] Because the slurry contains a large amount of seabed mud, this seabed mud is transported to the mother ship along with the ore by material pumps and lift pumps. Due to the complex composition and high salt content of the seabed mud, once it enters commercial mining, the large amount of seabed mud dumped on land will cause serious environmental pollution to the land.

[0006] In addition, seabed slurry contains some large mineral nodules. On the one hand, the diameter of the slurry booster pipes is limited, making it impossible to accommodate particularly large mineral nodules. On the other hand, material pumps and booster pumps generally use centrifugal pumps or plunger pumps. Due to the limitations of the pump's function, large mineral nodules will cause severe wear and deformation to the pump body and other main components of the centrifugal pumps and plunger pumps when passing through them, leading to pump failure. Therefore, large pieces of ore cannot be transported to the mother ship via pipeline and will be discarded on the seabed, resulting in a waste of seabed mineral resources.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, a patent application titled "A Deep-Sea Buoyancy Mining System" (application number: 202311790279.3) describes a system that utilizes two lifting devices with a buoy to hoist a backfill box and an ore box. An automatic hook is installed between the lifting devices and the backfill box. The backfill box, filled with seabed mud, sinks to the bottom of the mining area due to its own weight exceeding the buoy's buoyancy. After the backfill box settles, the ore box is suspended. By filling the ore box with large pieces of ore, the buoy's pull on the backfill box gradually decreases as the weight of the ore box increases. When the pull decreases to a certain level, the automatic hook releases, leaving the backfill box on the seabed, while the buoy automatically rises with the ore box.

[0008] Because the self-controlled hook has a scissor structure, a compression spring is installed between the two upper handles of the scissors. This spring keeps the two upper handles open, allowing the lower blade of the self-controlled hook to remain open. The upward pulling force of the float between the two upper handles creates a clamping force that overcomes the reaction force of the compression spring, causing the lower blade to close. The closed blade forms a lifting hole to suspend the lifting rope of the backfill box. Therefore, when it is necessary to hook the lifting rope of the backfill box into the lifting hole of the self-controlled hook, an external clamping force must first be applied to the upper part of the scissor structure to close the blade and form the lifting hole. When the float lifts the backfill box, it applies a clamping force to the two upper handles of the self-controlled hook. This clamping force overcomes the spring force, closing the blade. Only then can the external force be released, allowing the self-controlled hook to automatically unhook on the seabed. Therefore, the operation is relatively cumbersome. If an operational error occurs and the external force is forgotten to be released from the self-controlled hook, the automatic mechanism will malfunction.

[0009] In other words, the process of installing the self-controlled hook in the current deep-sea mining buoyancy transport system is quite complicated, and if an operational error is made, the automatic structure of the self-controlled hook may fail. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem that the automatic hook installation process in existing deep-sea mining buoyancy transport devices is relatively cumbersome. Furthermore, operational errors can lead to the failure of the automatic hook's structure. This invention provides a new deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device that addresses the shortcomings of existing deep-sea mining transport devices.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0012] A deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device includes a buoy, a lifting device, a backfill box, a ore box, and a control rod. Both the backfill box and the ore box are equipped with lifting ropes. The buoy has at least one pair of lifting lugs symmetrically arranged on its left and right sides, referred to as the left lifting lug and the right lifting lug. The left lifting lug is sequentially connected to a first lifting device, a self-control hook, a backfill box lifting rope, and the backfill box. The right lifting lug is sequentially connected to a second lifting device, a ore box lifting rope, and the ore box. The device is characterized in that a control rod is horizontally hinged between the self-control hook and the second lifting device. The length of the control rod is greater than the vertical distance between the first and second lifting devices, and the second and first lifting devices maintain a clamping force on the control rod through the self-control hook. The bottom of the ore box suspended on the buoy is h meters higher than the bottom of the backfill box.

[0013] The self-controlled hook includes a U-shaped frame. The upper end of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the first lifting device. The lower end of the U-shaped frame has a push rod hole that penetrates the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame and remains concentric. The push rod shaft is inserted into the push rod hole on the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame. The backfill box lifting rope is suspended on the push rod shaft between the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame. The left end of the push rod shaft has a push rod pin hole on the outside of the U-shaped frame. The push rod pin is set in the push rod pin hole and is hinged to the left end of the control rod.

[0014] The bottom center of the left side plate has a damper hole with internal threads, which intersects perpendicularly with the push rod hole. The damper hole contains the damper of the push rod shaft.

[0015] The objective of this invention can also be further achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0016] The first lifting device is hinged to the left lug of the float, and the second lifting device is hinged to the right lug of the float.

[0017] The first and second lifting devices are cables, anchor chains, or rigid rods.

[0018] The control lever includes a fork head and a long rod, with the fork head on the left and the long rod on the right. The right end of the fork head is fixedly connected to the left end of the long rod.

[0019] The control lever has a fork-shaped head that extends vertically and faces left. The ends of the front and rear side plates of the fork are provided with connecting holes that are hinged to the push rod pin, so that the maximum horizontal movement distance L1 of the control lever is approximately equal to the horizontal movement distance L2 of the push rod shaft within the push rod hole.

[0020] The push rod shaft and the push rod hole are clearance fit.

[0021] The left end of the push rod shaft is provided with a push rod pin hole, and the push rod pin hole and the push rod pin are in transition fit.

[0022] The push rod shaft has a taper on the right side of the left side plate, with the taper direction being: larger diameter on the left and smaller diameter on the right.

[0023] The damper is installed in the damper hole, which is provided with a damping block, a compression spring, and an adjusting screw from top to bottom.

[0024] The upper end of the damping block is provided with an arc that matches the outer diameter of the push rod shaft, and the lower end is provided with a compression spring guide journal.

[0025] The upper end of the adjusting screw is provided with a compression spring guide journal, and the thread of the adjusting screw matches the thread of the internal thread of the damper hole.

[0026] Beneficial effects

[0027] This invention utilizes a deep-sea underwater transport system composed of a buoy, a backfill box, a ore container, and a self-controlled hook. When the buoy sinks into the sea together with the backfill box and the unloaded ore container, the bottom of the backfill box is h meters lower than the bottom of the ore container (h is approximately 0.5 meters; if the value is too large, it will be inconvenient to fill the ore container on the seabed; if the value is too small, the bottom of the ore container will easily come into contact with the seabed). Under the buoyancy of the buoy, the ore container is suspended in the water.

[0028] After the backfill box is settled, ore is loaded into the box via a remotely controlled underwater mining truck. During the loading process, the box floats in the sea under the traction of a buoy. Because the length of the control rod is greater than the vertical distance between the first and second spreading devices, and because the second and first spreading devices maintain a clamping force on the control rod through the self-control hook, even after the self-control hook has released the backfill box lifting rope, the second spreading device and the self-control hook still apply a clamping force to the control rod. Because the self-control hook is subjected to the reaction force of the control rod, which acts on the push rod shaft of the self-control hook, as the amount of ore loaded in the ore box increases, the traction force of the float on the second lifting device increases. According to the force decomposition, the clamping force on the control rod also increases synchronously. When the load of the ore box reaches the rated load, the reaction force of the control rod on the push rod shaft is greater than the frictional force between the push rod shaft and the damper and the push rod hole. The push rod shaft on the self-control hook is pulled to the left by the control rod. Since the lifting rope on the backfill box is suspended on the push rod shaft, the push rod shaft is pulled to the left by the push rod hole L2 length. The lifting rope of the backfill box falls off the push rod shaft, that is, the backfill box and the float are released from restraint and remain on the seabed. At the same time, the float loses the restraint of the backfill box and rises with the ore box until it reaches the sea surface. Then, the material crane on the surface mother ship is used to lift the ore box to the mother ship. At the same time as the ore box rises, the seabed mining car also stops loading ore.

[0029] The automatic unloading function set by the self-control hook under the first spreader of the backfill box can not only release the backfill box from the buoy and keep it on the seabed, but also automatically limit the ore loading of the ore box to avoid the problem of the ore box being unable to float due to overload.

[0030] To accurately set the rated ore loading capacity of the ore bin, the self-regulating hook will automatically unhook. The compression of the spring is adjusted using the damper's adjusting screw. Since the spring compression is proportional to the pressure, the spring applies pressure to the damping block, precisely setting the frictional force between the damping block and the push rod shaft. This ensures the self-regulating hook automatically unhooks when the ore bin reaches its rated ore loading capacity. To ensure the damper's reliability, this invention includes positioning journals for the spring at the lower end of the damping block and the upper end of the adjusting screw, ensuring concentricity of the damping block, spring, and adjusting screw. Furthermore, due to the spring's large deformation capacity, it has a strong self-compensation function, preventing excessive reduction in the frictional force between the damper and the push rod shaft due to wear of the damping block.

[0031] To enable the control lever to quickly disengage from the self-controlled hook, i.e., to quickly pull the push rod shaft out of the push rod hole to the left, this invention utilizes the push rod pin and the left side of the left side plate to limit the length of the push rod shaft inserted into the push rod hole. At the same time, the push rod shaft is set as a tapered shaft on the right side of the left side plate, with the taper direction being: larger diameter on the left and smaller diameter on the right. To prevent the control lever and push rod shaft from detaching from the U-shaped frame after releasing the backfill box hoisting rope, this invention sets the length L1 in the fork head to be equal to the length L2 in the push rod shaft.

[0032] This invention relates to a buoyancy transport device for deep-sea mining. It utilizes the gravity of a backfill box filled with seabed mud to bring a buoy to the seabed. Then, it uses a mechanical automatic unloading device—a self-controlled hook—to automatically unload the backfill box by loading the ore box and changing the force of the control rod on the self-controlled hook, allowing the ore box to automatically float to the sea surface, thus achieving green mining. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the self-controlled hook 50 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a top view of the self-controlled hook 50 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped frame 500 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the damper 51 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of the second self-controlled hook 80 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second U-shaped frame 800 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 6 AA cross-sectional view, schematic diagram of damper 52;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a deep-sea mining transportation device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a front view of the third self-controlled hook 90 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the third U-shaped frame 900 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0044] In the diagram: 10. Mother ship; 11. Cable car; 12. Material hoist; 13. Cable; 14. Buoy; 15. Second lifting device; 16. Ore box lifting rope; 17. Ore box; 18. First lifting device; 19. Backfill box lifting rope; 20. Backfill box.

[0045] 50. Self-control hook; 500. U-shaped frame; 501. Left side plate; 502. Right side plate; 503. Push rod hole; 504. Damper hole; 505. Push rod shaft; 506. Push rod pin; 507. Connecting hole; 51. Damper; 511. Damping block; 512. Compression spring; 513. Adjusting screw; 52. Second damper; 521. Second adjusting screw; 522. Spring; 523. Pad; 524. Front damping block; 525. Rear damping block; 526. Anti-rotation screw; 527. Round nut;

[0046] 60. Control lever; 601. Long lever; 602. Fork head; 603. Nut;

[0047] 70. Second control lever;

[0048] 80. Second automatic control hook; 800. Second U-shaped frame; 801. Second left side plate; 802. Second right side plate; 803. Second push rod hole; 804. Second damper hole;

[0049] 90. Third automatic control hook; 900. Third U-shaped frame; 901. Third left side plate; 902. Third right side plate; 903. Third push rod hole; 905. Limit frame. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives and technical solutions of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0051] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0052] In this invention, "left, right, up, down, front, and back" refer to the meanings of the terms "left," "right," "up," "down," "front," and "back" when the reader is facing the appendix. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 When reading, the left side of the reader is called left, the right side of the reader is called right, the top of the reader is called top, the bottom of the reader is called bottom, the side of the paper in front of the reader is called front, and the side directly in front of the reader is called back, which is not a specific limitation of the present invention.

[0053] In this invention, the term "connection" can mean either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, a deep-sea mining buoyancy transport device includes a mother ship 10 and a buoy 14. The mother ship 10 is equipped with a cable car 11 and a material hoist 12. The buoy 14 is symmetrically equipped with two lifting lugs on its upper and lower sides. The cable car 11 uses a cable 13 to traction and control the upper left and right lifting lugs of the buoy 14. The buoy 14 is suspended from the backfill box 20 by the lower left lifting lug, the first lifting device 18, and the self-control hook 50. The buoy 14 is suspended from the ore box 17 by the lower right lifting lug and the second lifting device 15 by the ore box 17. The first lifting device 18 is hinged to the left lifting lug of the buoy 14, and the second lifting device 15 is hinged to the right lifting lug of the buoy 14. A horizontal hinge is used to connect the self-control hook 50 and the second lifting device 15 using a control rod 60. The length of the control rod 60 is greater than the vertical distance between the first lifting device 18 and the second lifting device 15, so that the first lifting device 18 always maintains a clamping force on the control rod 60 through the self-control hook 50 and the second lifting device 15. That is to say, even if the self-control hook 50 has released the backfill box lifting rope 19, the second lifting device 15 and the self-control hook 50 are still applying a clamping force to the control rod 60.

[0056] The first lifting device 18 and the second lifting device 15 are cables, anchor chains, or rigid rods; in this embodiment, the first lifting device 18 and the second lifting device 15 are cables.

[0057] Before the self-controlled hook 50 is lowered into the sea, first loosen the adjusting screw 513 of the damper 51, then place the backfill box hoisting rope 19 into the U-shaped frame 500 of the self-controlled hook 50, so that the backfill box hoisting rope 19 is above the push rod shaft 505. Insert the push rod shaft 505 into the push rod hole 503 from left to right until the push rod pin touches the left side of the left side plate 501. Then, tighten the adjusting screw 513 to ensure that its tightening torque is the same as the set value.

[0058] When the transport device is submerged, the backfill container 20 is filled with seabed mud and its weight exceeds the maximum upward carrying capacity of the buoy 14 in the sea. The ore container 17 is empty when it is submerged. On the mother ship 10, the underwater transport device consisting of the buoy 14, backfill container 20, and ore container 17 is hoisted into the sea using the material crane 12. The sinking position of the buoy 14 is controlled by the cable car 11 and cable 13 on the mother ship 10. Under the gravity traction of the backfill container 20, the buoy 14 sinks to the designated seabed position. After the backfill container 20 sits on the bottom of the deep sea, the bottom of the ore container 17 is about 0.5 meters higher than the bottom of the backfill container 20, so the ore container 17 is suspended in the water.

[0059] Backfill container 20 is a disposable, fully enclosed container, meaning that each backfill container 20 is used only once. To avoid polluting the marine environment, backfill container 20 is made of biodegradable and pollution-free materials, such as wooden boxes, metal boxes, and cardboard boxes.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the self-controlled hook 50 is equipped with a U-shaped frame 500. The top of the U-shaped frame 500 is provided with a connecting hole 507, which is connected to the first lifting device 18. The lower part of the U-shaped frame 500 is provided with a push rod hole 503 that passes through the left side plate 501 and the right side plate 502, ensuring that the push rod holes 503 on the left side plate 501 and the right side plate 502 are concentric. The push rod shaft 505 is inserted into the push rod holes 503 on the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame 500. The backfill box lifting rope 19 is suspended on the push rod shaft 505 between the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame 500. The left end of the push rod shaft 505 is provided with a push rod pin hole on the outside of the U-shaped frame 500. A push rod pin 506 is provided in the push rod pin hole, and the push rod pin 506 is hinged to the left end of the control rod 60.

[0061] In order to enable the control lever 60 to quickly pull the push rod shaft 505 out of the push rod hole 503 to the left, the present invention uses the push rod pin 506 and the left side of the left side plate 501 to limit the length of the push rod shaft 505 inserted into the push rod hole 503. At the same time, the push rod shaft 505 is set as a tapered shaft on the right side of the left side plate 501 of the U-shaped frame 500, and its tapering direction is: the left diameter is larger and the right diameter is smaller.

[0062] The control lever 60 includes a long rod 601 and a fork head 602. The left end of the long rod 601 and the right end of the fork head 602 are fixedly connected by a nut 603. The fork head 602 is shaped like a tuning fork, running vertically through the body with the fork opening facing left. A pair of connecting holes are provided on the front and rear side plates at the fork opening, which are hinged to the push rod pin 506. The right end of the long rod 601 is hinged to the second lifting device 15, keeping the control lever 60 horizontal during operation. The length of the long rod 601 is matched with the damper and is set through testing.

[0063] To prevent the push rod shaft 505 from detaching from the U-shaped frame 500 after releasing the backfill box lifting rope 19, the present invention sets the maximum horizontal movement length L1 of the fork head 602 to be equal to the length L2 in the push rod shaft 505; thus, it ensures that the control rod 60 and the push rod shaft 505 do not fall off the U-shaped frame 500, and also allows the backfill box lifting rope 19 to fall reliably.

[0064] The purpose of damper 51 is to precisely set the rated load of ore bin 17; when ore bin 17 reaches the rated load, the self-control hook 50 will automatically unhook. Damper 51: It is contained in the center of the bottom of the left side plate 501, and a damper hole 504 is provided, which is perpendicular to the push rod hole 503. The damper hole 504 is a threaded hole. In the damper hole 504, from top to bottom, there are damping block 511, compression spring 512 and adjusting screw 513 respectively. The damping block 511 is made of rubber. The upper end has an arc that is adapted to the outer diameter of the push rod shaft 505, and the lower end has a stepped journal. The stepped journal provides positioning for the compression spring 512. The adjusting screw 513 is engaged with the internal thread in the damper hole 504. The upper part of the adjusting screw 513 also has a stepped journal to provide positioning for the compression spring 512, ensuring that the center lines of the adjusting screw 513, compression spring 512 and damping block 511 are coincident. According to Hooke's Law, the compression of a spring is proportional to the pressure. The damper 51 adjusts the clamping force of the spring 512 by adjusting the screw 513, thereby precisely setting the friction force of the damping block 511 on the push rod shaft 505, and thus precisely setting the floating conditions of the float 14. In addition, since the spring 512 has a large deformation, it has a strong self-compensation function, which avoids the wear of the damping block 511, so that the friction force of the damper 51 on the push rod shaft 505 decreases too much, thus affecting the setting of the rated load of the ore box 17.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5The diagram illustrates the working process of the self-controlled hook 50. After the backfill box 20 settles on the seabed in the deep sea, ore is loaded into the ore container 17 via a remotely controlled underwater mining truck. Throughout the loading process, the ore container 17 floats in the seawater under the traction of the float 14. Because the second lifting device 15 and the self-controlled hook 50 maintain a clamping force on the control rod 60, the self-controlled hook 50 experiences a reaction force from the control rod 60; that is, the push rod shaft 505 of the self-controlled hook 50 experiences a reaction force from the fork 602 of the control rod 60. As the amount of ore loaded into the ore container 17 increases, the traction force of the float 14 on the second lifting device 15 increases. According to the force decomposition, the clamping force between the second lifting device 15 and the self-controlled hook 50 on the control rod 60 also increases. When the load on the ore container 17 reaches the rated load, the reaction force of the control rod 60 on the push rod shaft 505... When the frictional force between the push rod shaft 505 and the damper 51 and the push rod hole 503 is greater than that between the push rod shaft 505 and the damper 51 and the push rod hole 503, the push rod shaft 505 on the self-control hook 50 is pulled to the left by the control rod 60. Since the push rod shaft 505 passes through the push rod hole 503 of the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame 500, the backfill box hoisting rope 19 is suspended on the push rod shaft 505 between the left and right side plates of the U-shaped frame 500. After the push rod shaft 505 is pulled out of the U-shaped frame 500, the backfill box hoisting rope 19 falls off the self-control hook 50, and the backfill box 20 and the float 14 are released from restraint and remain on the seabed. At the same time, the float 14 loses the restraint of the backfill box 20 and rises with the ore box 17 until it reaches the sea surface. Then, the material crane 12 on the surface mother ship 10 is used to unload the ore from the ore box 17 onto the mother ship 10. As the ore box 17 rises, the loading work of the seabed mine car stops.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The second self-controlled hook includes a second U-shaped frame and a push rod shaft. Its features include: a second push rod hole at the lower part of the second U-shaped frame, the second push rod hole penetrating through the second left side plate and the second right side plate; below the second push rod hole on the second left side plate, a second damper hole penetrating both sides of the second left side plate is provided, the second damper hole and the second push rod hole intersecting perpendicularly, and the axial distance between the second damper hole and the second push rod hole is less than the sum of the radii of the two holes; the push rod shaft is installed in the second push rod hole; the second damper holes are arranged sequentially from front to back. Each component includes a second adjusting screw, a spring, a pad, a front damping block, a rear damping block, a round nut, and an anti-rotation screw. The second adjusting screw passes through the spring, the pad, the front damping block, the rear damping block, and the round nut, forming a threaded pair with the round nut. The front and rear damping blocks have an axial clearance δ, and at the upper end of the axial junction of the front and rear damping blocks, symmetrical arcs matching the outer diameter of the push rod shaft are provided about both ends of the junction. The outer circle of the round nut has an axial groove that mates with the anti-rotation screw located at the bottom of the second left side plate.

[0068] The front and rear damping blocks are made of rubber.

[0069] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the second self-control hook 80 includes a second U-shaped frame 800 and a push rod shaft 505; at the lower part of the second U-shaped frame 800, there is a second push rod hole 803, which passes through the second left side plate 801 and the second right side plate 802; below the second push rod hole 803 of the second left side plate 801, there is a second damper hole 804 that passes through the second left side plate 801 from front to back, the second damper hole 804 and the second push rod hole 803 are perpendicularly intersected, and the axial distance between the second damper hole 804 and the second push rod hole 803 is less than the sum of the radii of the two holes; the push rod shaft 505 is installed in the second push rod hole 803.

[0071] The second damper hole 804, from front to back, is provided with a second adjusting screw 521, a spring 522, a pad 523, a front damping block 524, a rear damping block 525, a round nut 527, and an anti-rotation screw 526 in sequence. The second adjusting screw 521 passes through the spring 522, the pad 523, the front damping block 524, the rear damping block 525, and the round nut 527 from front to back, and forms a threaded pair with the round nut 527. The front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 have an axial gap δ, which is about 3 mm in this embodiment. At the upper end of the axial junction of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525, there are symmetrical arcs at both ends of the junction that match the outer diameter of the push rod shaft 505. The outer circle of the round nut 527 has an axial groove that cooperates with the anti-rotation screw 526 provided at the bottom of the left side plate 501.

[0072] The front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 are made of rubber. On the one hand, rubber has strong friction and a strong damping effect. On the other hand, rubber is elastic, which prevents the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 from seizing with the push rod shaft 505, thus preventing the push rod shaft 505 from being properly disengaged.

[0073] The second damper 52 is positioned laterally on the push rod shaft 505. A threaded pair is formed by the second adjusting screw 521 and the round nut 527, ensuring that the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 exert equal but opposite lateral pressures on the push rod shaft 505, thus reducing the radial force on the push rod shaft 505. Furthermore, the use of the front and rear damping blocks 524 and 525 increases the contact area with the push rod shaft 505, enhancing the damping effect. An axial gap of δ = 3 mm is provided between the front and rear damping blocks 524 and 525 to prevent interference after axial deformation.

[0074] Spring 522 is positioned between the second adjusting screw 521 and the pad 523. Its purpose is twofold: firstly, to precisely adjust the lateral clamping force of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525 on the push rod shaft 505, thereby accurately setting the damping magnitude of the second damper 52 on the push rod shaft 505; secondly, to automatically compensate for the wear of the front damping block 524 and the rear damping block 525, thereby improving the reliability of the second damper 52.

[0075] The outer circle of the round nut 527 has an axial groove that cooperates with the anti-rotation screw 526 at the bottom of the second left side plate 801. This not only prevents the round nut 527 from rotating in the second damper hole 804, but also prevents the round nut 527 from sliding out of the second damper hole 804, thus providing a safety protection function.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] A marine mining transport device includes a buoy, a lifting device, a backfill box, a ore container, and a third self-controlled hook; both the backfill box and the ore container are equipped with lifting ropes; the buoy has at least one pair of symmetrical lifting lugs on its left and right sides, referred to as the left lifting lug and the right lifting lug; a first lifting device, the third self-controlled hook, and the backfill box are located under the left lifting lug; a second lifting device and the ore container are located under the right lifting lug; characterized in that: a second control rod is provided between the third self-controlled hook and the second lifting device; the length of the second control rod is less than the vertical distance between the first and second lifting devices, and the second and first lifting devices maintain a tension on the second control rod through the third self-controlled hook;

[0078] The third self-controlled hook includes a third U-shaped frame, under which a third push rod hole is provided that penetrates the third left and right side plates; the left end of the second control rod is inserted through the third push rod hole of the third left and right side plates; the backfill box hoisting rope is suspended on the second control rod between the third left side plate and the third right side plate; the second control rod is fixedly connected to a push rod pin on the right side of the third right side plate; the second lifting device is hinged to the right end of the second control rod; below the third push rod hole of the third right side plate, a third damper is provided to increase the friction of the second control rod;

[0079] The second control lever has a taper on the left side of the third right side plate, with the taper direction being: the right diameter is larger and the left diameter is smaller.

[0080] A limiting frame is provided on the right side of the third right side plate, so that L3 and L4 on the second control rod are equidistant.

[0081] The third damper may be a damper or a second damper.

[0082] Everything else is the same as in Examples 1 and 2.

[0083] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the length of the second control rod 70 is less than the vertical distance between the first lifting device 18 and the second lifting device 15, so that the second lifting device 15 and the first lifting device 18 always maintain tension on the second control rod 70 through the third self-control hook 90. ​​Even if the third self-control hook 90 releases the backfill box lifting rope 19, the second lifting device 15 and the first lifting device 18 will still apply tension to the second control rod 70 through the third self-control hook 90.

[0084] The third self-controlled hook 90 includes a third U-shaped frame 900. The lower part of the third U-shaped frame 900 has a third push rod hole 903 that penetrates the third left side plate 901 and the third right side plate 902. The left end of the second control rod 70 is inserted through the third push rod hole 903 in the third left side plate 901 and the third right side plate 902. The second control rod 70 has a taper on the left side of the third right side plate 902, with the taper direction being: larger diameter on the right and smaller diameter on the left. The backfill box hoisting rope 19 is suspended from the third left side plate 901 and the third right side plate 902. The second control rod 70 is located between L3 and L4; the second control rod 70 is fixedly connected to the right side of the third right side plate 902 by a push rod pin 506; the right side of the third right side plate 902 is fixedly connected to a limiting frame 905, making L3 and L4 equidistant; a third damper is provided below the third push rod hole 903 of the third right side plate 902 to increase the friction of the second control rod 70; the third damper: either damper 51 or second damper 52 is selected; the second lifting device 15 is hinged to the right end of the second control rod 70.

[0085] In order to enable the third self-control hook 90 to quickly release the backfill box hoisting rope 19 after the ore box 17 reaches the rated loading capacity, the present invention provides a taper on the left side of the third right side plate 902 for the second control rod 70, with the taper direction being: the left diameter is smaller and the right diameter is larger. Since the second control rod 70 is pulled out of the third push rod hole 903 from left to right to release the backfill box hoisting rope 19, the third damper loses its damping effect after the diameter of the second control rod 70 becomes smaller, thereby enabling the second control rod 70 to be quickly pulled out to the right, so that the third self-control hook 90 automatically releases the backfill box hoisting rope 19.

[0086] To prevent the second control lever 70 from disengaging from the third automatic hook 90 after automatic release, and to prevent the second control lever 70 from extending too far to the left within the third push rod hole 903, thus affecting the response speed of the third automatic hook 90, the present invention provides a limiting frame 905 and a push rod pin 506 on the right side of the third right side plate 902, and makes L3 and L4 equidistant, thereby using the limiting frame 905 and the push rod pin 506 to limit the left and right movement distance of the second control lever 70.

Claims

1. A marine mining and transportation device, comprising a floating ball, a lifting device, a backfill box, a mineral material box, and a third automatic hook; the backfill box and the mineral material box are both provided with a lifting rope; the left and right sides of the floating ball are symmetrically provided with at least a pair of symmetrical lifting ears, which are recorded as a left lifting ear and a right lifting ear; the first lifting device, the third automatic hook, and the backfill box are provided under the left lifting ear; the second lifting device and the mineral material box are provided under the right lifting ear; the characteristics are: A second control rod is provided between the third self-control hook and the second sling; the length of the second control rod is less than the vertical distance between the first sling and the second sling, and the second sling and the first sling always maintain tension on the second control rod through the third self-control hook; The third self-controlled hook comprises a third ∩-shaped frame, under which a third push rod hole penetrating the third left and right side plates is provided; the left end of the second control rod penetrates and is inserted into the third push rod holes of the third left and right side plates; the backfill box hoisting rope is suspended on the second control rod between the third left side plate and the third right side plate; the second control rod is fixedly connected to a push rod pin on the right side of the third right side plate; the second sling is hingedly connected to the right end of the second control rod; under the third push rod hole of the third right side plate, a third damper is provided to increase friction for the second control rod; The second control rod is provided with a taper on the left side of the third right side plate, and the taper direction is: the right diameter is large, and the left diameter is small.

2. The marine mining and transportation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit frame is provided on the right side of the third right side plate, so that L3 and L4 on the second control rod are equidistant.

3. The marine mining and transportation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third damper can be either a damper or the second damper.

Images