Photo-thermal interface evaporation device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a photo-thermal interface evaporation device and a working method thereof. The evaporation device comprises a floating plate and an evaporation unit; a slot is formed in the floating plate and penetrates through the floating plate; the evaporation unit comprises a support and non-woven fabric, an evaporation groove is formed in the bottom of the support, a water conveying channel is formed in the side wall of the evaporation groove, the support is inserted into the insertion groove, and the water conveying channel is located on the lower side of the floating plate; the non-woven fabric comprises a core part and an extending part, the core part is located on the protrusion, the extending part is bent upwards to bypass the support and then naturally falls towards the outer side, and an opening is formed in the root of the extending part. The industrial-grade non-woven fabric is used for replacing a traditional nano-porous material, and a mixed water supply mechanism driven by atmospheric pressure and capillary force is combined, so that the cost of the device is reduced. Meanwhile, salt crystallization can be controlled in the tail end area of the non-woven fabric, the problem of crystallization of a light absorption interface is avoided, a natural convection channel is formed, and the efficient evaporation rate is still kept under the windless working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, and in particular to a photothermal interface evaporation device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrialization and population growth, global water consumption continues to increase, and the shortage of freshwater resources is becoming increasingly serious, which has become a global challenge. Although seawater covers about 71% of the earth's surface, the directly available freshwater resources are extremely limited. In this context, the use of solar energy, a clean and renewable energy source, for seawater desalination has become a solution that has attracted much attention. Traditional solar desalination technologies mainly include membrane and thermal methods. However, these two technologies have significant limitations. The membrane method has high costs, and the membrane materials are easily damaged, and the pretreatment requirements of seawater are high; while the thermal method has the problems of large heat energy loss and high equipment cost, and the discharge of high-salt wastewater will pollute the environment. In contrast, photothermal interface evaporation technology is an emerging solar desalination method. This technology converts solar energy into thermal energy efficiently through photothermal materials, and accurately locates the heat at the gas-liquid interface to heat the water at the interface to generate fresh water. Due to its high efficiency, no secondary pollution and high purity of the obtained fresh water, photothermal interface evaporation technology is considered to be a promising solar desalination technology.

[0003] The key to achieving high evaporation rates in photothermal interface evaporation technology is to ensure sufficient water supply during the evaporation process. However, excessive water supply will weaken the thermal limitations of the evaporation interface, thereby reducing the evaporation performance of the gas-liquid interface. Therefore, how to achieve an effective balance between water supply and heat loss has become a core challenge to improving evaporation performance. In addition, during the long-term operation of the evaporator, salt will gradually accumulate at the gas-liquid interface. This salt accumulation phenomenon will not only reduce the light absorption capacity of the evaporation interface, but may also hinder the water transfer process inside the evaporator, ultimately leading to a significant decrease in the evaporation rate. Therefore, solving the problem of salt accumulation at the gas-liquid interface is crucial to improving the long-term stability of the evaporator.

[0004] The existing technology solves the problem of salt crystallization at the light-absorbing interface by spraying hydrophobic materials on the evaporation interface. However, this method causes salt to crystallize and accumulate in the pores inside the evaporator, which leads to insufficient water supply and increases the heat transfer resistance, ultimately resulting in a decrease in the evaporation rate. In addition, the existing technology uses the capillary force between the pores of the porous medium to supply water to the evaporation interface. However, the pores of these porous media require a complex synthesis process to ensure the connectivity of the pores and the rationality of the size, so as to minimize heat loss while providing sufficient water supply. Moreover, the existing technology relies on expensive materials and complex synthesis processes, which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial production. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a photothermal interface evaporation device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] A photothermal interface evaporation device comprises: a floating plate and an evaporation unit; a slot is arranged on the floating plate, and the slot passes through the floating plate; the evaporation unit comprises a bracket and a non-woven fabric, the bottom of the bracket has an evaporation groove, the side wall of the evaporation groove is provided with a water transmission channel, the bracket is inserted into the slot and the water transmission channel is located on the lower side of the floating plate, and a protrusion is arranged in the evaporation groove; the non-woven fabric comprises a core and an extension part, the core part is located on the protrusion, the extension part is bent upward to bypass the bracket and then naturally hangs down to the outside, and an opening is arranged at the root of the extension part.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a working method of the photothermal interface evaporation device as described above, including: seawater enters the evaporation groove through a water transmission channel, and the non-woven fabric absorbs moisture and diffuses it; under the irradiation of solar energy, the moisture on the non-woven fabric is heated and evaporated, and the salt preferentially crystallizes at the tail end of the non-woven fabric extension portion, and the temperature in the evaporation groove rises, forming air convection driven by density difference, and cold air enters through the air inlet at the top, and hot air is discharged through the air outlet at the bottom; the evaporated water vapor condenses and is collected after contacting the collection cover at the top.

[0009] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0010] 1. The evaporation device includes a floating plate and an evaporation unit. The floating plate is provided with a through slot for installing the evaporation unit. The evaporation unit includes a bracket and a non-woven fabric. The evaporation groove at the bottom of the bracket is the core area of ​​evaporation. The side wall is provided with a water transmission channel for transporting water in the water body to the evaporation groove. The bracket is inserted into the slot of the floating plate to ensure that the water transmission channel is located on the lower side of the floating plate so as to contact the water body. The protrusion in the evaporation groove is used to support the core of the non-woven fabric to prevent the non-woven fabric from blocking the water transmission channel and reduce the direct contact area between the non-woven fabric and the water. The core of the non-woven fabric is located on the protrusion, and the extension part bends upward to bypass the bracket and then naturally falls outward, which can control the salt crystallization in the tail end area of ​​the non-woven fabric and avoid the problem of crystallization at the light-absorbing interface. The opening at the root of the extension is designed to form an air convection channel to improve the evaporation efficiency.

[0011] 2. Simplify the water supply mechanism: By utilizing atmospheric pressure to ensure sufficient water supply during the evaporation process, there is no need to use complex processes to prepare hydrophilic porous materials, which greatly reduces the complexity of manufacturing and materials and improves device performance and large-scale production characteristics.

[0012] 3. Natural convection enhanced evaporation: The device uses a hollow structure and side openings to form a steam channel and natural convection driven by density difference (the steam temperature is higher and the density is lower, and the top air is cooler and the density is higher), thereby maintaining an efficient evaporation rate in windless conditions or without forced convection equipment.

[0013] 4. Easy adjustment of water supply and heat loss balance: The water supply and heat loss during the evaporation process can be easily balanced by adjusting the aperture of the water transmission channel or extending the channel length. This adjustment only requires the use of 3D printing technology to make water transmission channels with different apertures or lengths.

[0014] 5. Synchronous acquisition of fresh water and salt: The device can effectively recover salt while collecting fresh water. Salt will crystallize at the end of the non-woven fabric, effectively avoiding the problem of salt crystallization at the light-absorbing interface. In addition, the crystallized salt will fall off naturally under the action of gravity, which is convenient for the subsequent collection of salt particles.

[0015] 6. Flexible evaporation scale adjustment: The evaporation scale can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. Simply by increasing or decreasing the number of unit evaporators, the device can be expanded or reduced to adapt to a variety of application scenarios.

[0016] 7. Simple manufacturing process and low cost: The device does not require expensive materials to manufacture. It only needs to be printed through 3D printing technology and combined with cheap and readily available non-woven fabrics and foam materials to assemble, which significantly reduces production costs.

[0017] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the spacing or size between the components is exaggerated to show the positions of the components, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a bracket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom of a bracket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an evaporation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of an evaporation unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention being installed on a floating plate;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a floating plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an evaporation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a temperature change curve diagram of the evaporation interface and the surrounding water body under 1sun illumination provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 is a curve diagram of evaporation rate variation under different salt water concentrations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 is a curve diagram of energy utilization efficiency variation under different salt water concentrations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 This is an infrared imaging diagram of the temperature distribution of the evaporator within 60 minutes provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 is a photo of salt crystal distribution under different brine concentrations provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1, bracket; 2, evaporation groove; 3, water transmission channel; 4, protrusion; 5, non-woven fabric; 6, air inlet; 7, air outlet; 8, floating plate; 9, collection tank; 10, slot; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment proposes a photothermal interface evaporation device, including: a floating plate 8 and an evaporation unit; Figure 5 As shown, the floating plate 8 is provided with a slot 10, and the slot 10 passes through the floating plate 8; Figure 3 As shown, the evaporation unit includes a bracket 1 and a non-woven fabric 5. Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the bottom of the bracket 1 has an evaporation groove 2, the side wall of the evaporation groove 2 is provided with a water transmission channel 3, the bracket 1 is inserted into the slot 10 and the water transmission channel 3 is located at the lower side of the floating plate 8, and a protrusion 4 is provided in the evaporation groove 2; the non-woven fabric 5 includes a core part and an extension part, the core part is located on the protrusion 4, the extension part is bent upward and bypasses the bracket 1 and then naturally hangs down to the outside, and an opening is provided at the root of the extension part.

[0034] The floating plate 8 is provided with a slot 10, which runs through the entire floating plate 8, allowing the evaporation unit to be plugged in. The evaporation unit includes a bracket 1 and a non-woven fabric 5, wherein the bottom of the bracket 1 has an evaporation groove 2, and the side wall of the evaporation groove 2 is provided with a water transmission channel 3. The bracket 1 is installed in the slot 10 of the floating plate 8 by plugging, and the water transmission channel 3 extends to the bottom of the floating plate 8. A protrusion 4 is provided in the evaporation groove 2, and the non-woven fabric 5 includes a core and an extension. The core is directly arranged on the protrusion 4 to prevent the non-woven fabric 5 from blocking the water transmission channel 3, and the extension is bent upward and naturally droops after bypassing the bracket 1, and the root of the extension has an opening.

[0035] The evaporation groove 2 is connected to the surrounding water body through the water transmission channel 3. The water transmission channel 3 introduces water from under the floating plate 8 into the evaporation groove 2, so that the water can be efficiently supplied to the evaporation surface. The protrusion 4 structure reduces the contact area between the non-woven fabric 5 and the bottom surface of the evaporation groove 2, which helps to improve the evaporation efficiency. The design of the extension of the non-woven fabric 5 guides the water transport through capillary action and further expands the evaporation area. A 10×10mm square opening is opened on the four sides of the non-woven fabric 5 near the bottom to form an air outlet 7. During the absorption of solar energy, the temperature in the evaporation groove 2 increases, forming air convection driven by density difference. Cold air enters through the inlet, and hot air is discharged through the outlet, thereby optimizing the evaporation efficiency of the device.

[0036] The bracket 1 is made by 3D printing technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base plate, prisms and crossbeams, the evaporation groove 2 is arranged on the base plate, the prisms are multiple, and the multiple prisms are arranged on the base plate, and there are gaps between the prisms. The crossbeam is arranged between the prisms and located at the upper end, and the extension part of the non-woven fabric 5 is bent upward and overlapped on the crossbeam, and then naturally hangs down to the outside.

[0037] The support 1 structure provides stable support for the non-woven fabric 5. At the same time, through the setting of the crossbeam, the extension part of the non-woven fabric 5 can be reasonably distributed, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the device and the fixing effect of the non-woven fabric 5, ensuring the stability of the position and shape of the non-woven fabric 5 during the evaporation process, which is beneficial to improving the evaporation efficiency and the operating stability of the device.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the lower side of the water transmission channel 3 is tangent to the bottom surface of the evaporation groove 2, and the upper side of the water transmission channel 3 is tangent to the top surface of the protrusion 4, ensuring the close fit between the water transmission channel 3 and the evaporation groove 2 and the protrusion 4, optimizing the water transmission path, so that water can smoothly pass through the water transmission channel 3 to the evaporation groove 2, and can be evenly distributed on the non-woven fabric 5. The protrusion 4 is cylindrical, and multiple protrusions 4 are arranged in a 6×6 matrix in the evaporation groove 2. This arrangement can reasonably distribute the support points of the non-woven fabric 5, further reduce the direct contact area between the non-woven fabric 5 and water, and improve the evaporation efficiency.

[0039] The evaporation groove 2 has a side length of 2×2cm and a depth of 4mm. The water transmission channel 3 is a cylindrical channel with an inner diameter of 1mm. The protrusion 4 has a diameter of 2mm and a height of 1mm. The setting of these dimensions can ensure the balance between the amount of water transferred and the heat loss during the evaporation process. The smaller aperture of the water transmission channel 3 can reduce the loss of heat to the water body while ensuring sufficient water supply; the depth of the evaporation groove 2 and the height of the protrusion 4 can provide suitable support and space for the non-woven fabric 5, so that the non-woven fabric 5 can maintain a good state during the evaporation process, thereby achieving efficient evaporation performance.

[0040] The non-woven fabric 5 is loaded with photothermal material. Preparation of the non-woven fabric 5 loaded with photothermal material: First, cut the non-woven fabric 5 into a predetermined shape and size. Then, 335 ml of pyrrole and 1.14 g of ammonium persulfate were dissolved in 50 ml of deionized water respectively to form solution A and solution B. The cut non-woven fabric 5 was immersed in solution A, and then solution B was slowly added to solution A. The mixed solution was allowed to stand at 4°C for 12 hours to ensure that polypyrrole could be better loaded on the non-woven fabric 5. Afterwards, the treated non-woven fabric 5 was placed in an electric blast drying oven and dried at 45°C for 2 hours to finally obtain a black non-woven fabric material.

[0041] The inner end of the extension is connected to the core, and the extension is radial, and the number of the extensions is the same as the number of the beams. This structural design enables the non-woven fabric 5 to better absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy for the evaporation process. The radial extension can expand the light-receiving area of ​​the non-woven fabric 5, improve the light-to-heat conversion efficiency, and control the salt crystallization area. At the same time, it matches the number of beams to ensure the stable fixation of the non-woven fabric 5 on the bracket 1, further optimizing the performance of the evaporation device.

[0042] In this example, the nonwoven fabric 5 is a cross structure, with a central part being a square core with a side length of 2×2 cm, and extending in four directions to form a rectangle with a size of 12×2 cm. Of course, it is understandable that the nonwoven fabric 5 can also be set in other shapes, such as a core with a triangle, a pentagon, etc.

[0043] The evaporation device also includes a collection cover, and a collection groove 9 is also provided on the floating plate 8. The collection groove 9 is located at the edge of the floating plate 8, and the bottom of the collection cover is installed in the collection groove 9, so that the water vapor generated by evaporation can condense in the collection cover, and the condensed water droplets are collected in the collection groove 9, thereby realizing the effective collection of fresh water. The evaporation groove 2 is provided with a plurality of evaporation grooves 2, and the plurality of evaporation grooves 2 are all located on the inner side of the collection groove 9, and the evaporation unit (such as Figure 4 As shown). By providing a plurality of evaporation grooves 2 and corresponding evaporation units, the scale of evaporation can be expanded and the fresh water output can be increased. The side length of the slot 10 is slightly smaller than the side length of the evaporation unit, so that the evaporation unit is fastened in the slot 10 and the water transmission channel 3 is ensured to be located below the floating plate 8. By adjusting the relative position between the floating plate 8 and the evaporation unit, the water content of the non-woven fabric 5 in the evaporation groove 2 is adjusted.

[0044] The top of the collecting hood has an inclined surface for guiding water. This inclined surface design can effectively guide the condensed water droplets to flow to the collecting tank 9, ensuring that the fresh water can be collected smoothly, avoiding the accumulation or scattering of water droplets in the collecting hood, improving the efficiency and reliability of fresh water collection, and further optimizing the function and performance of the device.

[0045] The collecting cover is a glass cover, which has good light transmittance and weather resistance, can ensure the effective penetration of solar energy, and protect the internal structure from the external environment. The floating plate 8 is a foam board or other materials with good buoyancy. The foam board has good buoyancy and stability, can ensure that the evaporation device floats stably in the water body, and provide stable support for the evaporation process.

[0046] This device optimizes the design of the non-woven fabric 5 and improves the evaporation rate. Under the same projected area, by extending the non-woven fabric 5 in all directions and hanging it on the bracket 1, not only the evaporation rate per unit projected area is significantly improved, but also the salt crystallization can be controlled in the tail end area of ​​the non-woven fabric 5 to avoid the problem of crystallization on the light-absorbing interface.

[0047] The device forms a natural convection path to promote evaporation. The opening at the position near the bottom of the non-woven fabric 5 forms a good natural convection path, so that the wet air can quickly leave the evaporation area, thereby enhancing the evaporation rate.

[0048] The device has a stable water supply mechanism, which connects the surrounding water bodies with the evaporation area through pores with a diameter of 1 mm, and uses atmospheric pressure to provide continuous and stable water supply, ensuring that the non-woven fabric 5 in the evaporation groove 2 is always at an appropriate moisture content, thereby ensuring the efficiency and stability of the evaporation process.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment provides a working method of the photothermal interface evaporation device as described in Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0051] Water transport and evaporation:

[0052] Water transmission: Water enters the evaporation groove 2 through the water transmission channel 3. After the non-woven fabric 5 absorbs the water, the water diffuses in the non-woven fabric 5 through capillary action. Since the non-woven fabric 5 is loaded with photothermal material, it can absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, thereby heating the water on the non-woven fabric 5.

[0053] Evaporation process: Under the irradiation of solar energy, the moisture on the non-woven fabric 5 is heated and evaporated. The temperature in the evaporation groove 2 rises, forming air convection driven by density difference. Cold air enters through the air inlet 6, while hot air is discharged through the air outlet 7, thereby optimizing the evaporation efficiency of the device.

[0054] Condensation and collection of water vapor:

[0055] Condensation process: The evaporated water vapor condenses after contacting the glass cover at the top, and the condensed water droplets gather in the condensed water collection tank 9.

[0056] Collection process: The condensed water is collected and stored in the collection tank 9, completing the fresh water acquisition process.

[0057] Control of salt crystallization:

[0058] Control of salt crystallization position: Salt crystallizes preferentially at the tail end of the non-woven fabric 5, significantly reducing salt crystallization in the evaporation groove 2. This design effectively avoids the influence of salt accumulation on the light absorption performance of the evaporation interface and the water transmission process, thereby improving the long-term operation stability of the evaporator.

[0059] refer to Figure 7 : Under 1sun illumination, the temperature changes of the evaporation interface and the surrounding water were recorded. The experiment showed that the temperature of the surrounding water only rose from 20℃ to 23℃. This shows that the design of using a 1mm aperture channel to supply water to the evaporation area can effectively reduce heat loss to the water.

[0060] refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The experimental results show that the evaporation rate decreases slightly with the increase of brine concentration, but always remains at 4 kg m -2 h -1 At the same time, the evaporator designed by the present invention exhibits an extremely high energy utilization efficiency of more than 200%. This result not only proves the stable performance of the evaporator in a high-salt environment, but also further verifies its application potential in efficient seawater desalination.

[0061] refer to Fig.10:The temperature changes of the non-woven fabrics hanging around the evaporator and the bottom light-absorbing surface were recorded by an infrared camera within 60 minutes. The results showed that the temperature of the non-woven fabrics hanging around was always lower than the ambient temperature. This shows that the evaporator can not only effectively utilize solar energy, but also absorb additional energy from the environment. This feature explains why the energy conversion efficiency of the evaporator is much higher than 100%, and further verifies its superior performance in energy utilization and evaporation efficiency.

[0062] refer to Fig.11 : At 15% and 10% brine concentrations, photos of salt crystal distribution around, on the top and on the bottom of the evaporator were recorded after 3 hours of illumination. The results show that this design achieves salt crystallization at specific locations, with salt crystallizing preferentially at the tail end of the non-woven fabric, significantly reducing salt crystallization in the evaporation groove. This design effectively avoids the impact of salt accumulation on the light absorption performance of the evaporation interface and the water transmission process, thereby improving the long-term operating stability of the evaporator.

[0063] In summary, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by crystallizing salt in a specific area, so that the salt crystallizes at the tail end of the non-woven fabric and falls off naturally under the action of gravity, thereby realizing efficient collection of salt. The present invention connects the evaporation area with the surrounding water body through a pore with a diameter of 1 mm, and uses atmospheric pressure to provide a stable water supply to the evaporation area to ensure the water content of the non-woven fabric in the evaporation groove. At the same time, the pore size can be adjusted according to actual conditions to balance the water supply and heat loss. All components of the present invention are made of cheap and readily available materials, and the assembly process is simple, with significant potential for industrial application. Finally, the present invention forms a good air circulation path driven by temperature difference through a clever opening design. The design can promptly remove the wet steam generated in the evaporation area, thereby further enhancing the evaporation process. This design not only improves the evaporation efficiency, but also optimizes the overall performance of the system.

[0064] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photothermal interface evaporation device, characterized in that: include: Floating plate and evaporation unit; The floating plate is provided with a slot, and the slot passes through the floating plate; The evaporation unit comprises a bracket and a non-woven fabric, the bottom of the bracket is provided with an evaporation groove, the side wall of the evaporation groove is provided with a water transmission channel, the bracket is inserted into the slot and the water transmission channel is located at the lower side of the floating plate, and a protrusion is provided in the evaporation groove; The non-woven fabric comprises a core portion and an extension portion, wherein the core portion is located on the protrusion, and the extension portion is bent upward and then naturally hangs down to the outside after bypassing the bracket, and an opening is arranged at the root of the extension portion.

2. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket includes a base plate, prisms and crossbeams. The evaporation groove is arranged on the base plate. There are multiple prisms, and the multiple prisms are arranged on the base plate. There are gaps between the prisms. The crossbeam is arranged between the prisms and located at the upper end. The extended part of the non-woven fabric is bent upward and overlapped on the crossbeam, and then naturally hangs down to the outside.

3. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side of the water transmission channel is tangent to the bottom surface of the evaporation groove, and the upper side of the water transmission channel is tangent to the top surface of the protrusion. There are multiple protrusions, and the multiple protrusions are arranged in a matrix in the evaporation groove.

4. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The evaporation groove is 4 mm deep, the water transmission channel is a cylindrical channel with an inner diameter of 1 mm, and the protrusion height is 1 mm.

5. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The non-woven fabric is loaded with photothermal material, the inner end of the extension part is connected to the core part, the extension part is radial, and the number of the extension parts is the same as the number of the beams.

6. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The non-woven fabric is a cross structure, the core part is a square, and the extension part is a rectangle.

7. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation device also includes a collecting cover, and a collecting groove is also arranged on the floating plate, and the collecting groove is located at the edge of the floating plate. The bottom of the collecting cover is installed in the collecting groove. There are multiple evaporation grooves, and the multiple evaporation grooves are all located on the inner side of the collecting groove. The evaporation unit is installed in each evaporation groove.

8. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the collecting cover has an inclined surface for guiding moisture.

9. The photothermal interface evaporation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The collecting cover is a glass cover, and the floating plate is a foam plate.

10. A method for operating the photothermal interface evaporation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Seawater enters the evaporation groove through the water transmission channel, and the non-woven fabric absorbs the water and diffuses it; Under the irradiation of solar energy, the moisture on the non-woven fabric is heated and evaporated, and the salt is preferentially crystallized at the tail end of the non-woven fabric extension. The temperature in the evaporation groove rises, forming air convection driven by density difference. Cold air enters through the air inlet at the top, and hot air is discharged through the air outlet at the bottom. The evaporated water vapor condenses and is collected after it contacts the collection hood at the top.

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