A rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete, its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of concrete additives. The components of the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete include: coagulant, early strength agent, densifier, water reducer, calcium solution, silicon solution, waterproof agent, viscosity regulator, stabilizer and water. The rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete provided by the present invention can improve the construction performance of shotcrete, keep the working performance of shotcrete for more than 2 hours, can significantly improve the early strength of concrete under low temperature conditions, especially the strength at ultra-early age is high, and the later strength is not lost. It can significantly reduce the rebound rate of shotcrete. After use, the dosage of accelerator can be reduced by 10% - 20%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of concrete additives, and particularly relates to a rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Shotcrete plays an increasingly important role in infrastructure construction and urban construction projects, and its usage is on the rise. Especially in the process of high-speed railway and highway construction, there are more and more tunnel construction projects, which put forward higher and higher requirements for the performance of shotcrete. Especially in the case of complex geological conditions and harsh environmental conditions, the tunnel construction is difficult, and high-early-strength and low-rebound rate performance requirements are put forward for shotcrete.

[0003] To prevent the shotcrete from falling off and provide early support for the foundation, shotcrete requires rapid setting and rapid development of early strength. At present, shotcrete still has problems of low early strength and high rebound rate, which are mainly manifested in: (1) For tunnel projects with higher surrounding rock grades, the development of early strength of shotcrete still cannot meet the requirements of early support, especially the early-age strength (within 24 hours) of shotcrete is low, and the support effect is not generated in time, affecting safety and project progress; (2) Under low-temperature construction conditions, the setting time of wet-shot shotcrete becomes longer, and the rebound rate of shotcrete increases; (3) In the case of tunnel water seepage, the adhesion of shotcrete is not strong, resulting in a high rebound rate; (4) The current liquid accelerating admixtures used in engineering have poor adaptability to different cements, resulting in a high rebound rate of shotcrete.

[0004] At present, when constructing shotcrete, mainly non-alkali accelerating admixtures are used to achieve the effect of rapid setting and hardening. The research on the performance of accelerating admixtures focuses on the improvement of 24h and 28d compressive strengths, and the hourly strength in the early age is not high. However, in engineering, it is considered that when the compressive strength is higher than 1MPa, the concrete has a certain support capacity and subsequent construction can proceed. Therefore, in low-temperature harsh environments and high-difficulty construction, the strength development of shotcrete using only accelerating admixtures cannot meet the construction requirements. At this time, it is necessary to additionally add functional admixtures to shotcrete, such as rebound inhibitors. A rebound inhibitor is an admixture that can promote the rapid setting and hardening of shotcrete, improve its early-age (< 24h) strength, and thus reduce the rebound rate of shotcrete. Different from the accelerating admixtures used in shotcrete, it is added during the mixing process of shotcrete and is required to have no influence on the working performance of shotcrete to meet the requirements of on-site construction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a functional admixture - a rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete, which can still meet the rapid setting requirements of shotcrete with a lower dosage of accelerating admixtures, and at the same time meet the technical requirements of rapid development of early strength of shotcrete and greatly improved support effect, greatly reduce the rebound rate of shotcrete, and meet the needs of various engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete, its preparation method and application. The provided rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete can improve the construction performance of shotcrete, enabling the working performance of shotcrete to be maintained for more than 2 hours. Under low-temperature conditions, it can also significantly improve the early strength of concrete, especially with high strength at ultra-early ages (compressive strength at 6 hours > 12 MPa, compressive strength at 1 day > 25 MPa), no loss of later strength (compressive strength ratio at 28 days > 110%), significantly reduce the rebound rate of shotcrete (rebound rate < 5%), and can reduce the dosage of accelerators by 10% - 20% after use.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention: Provide a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete. By mass percentage, except for water, the components include: 50% - 60% of accelerator, 5% - 8% of early strength agent, 5% - 8% of densifier, 5% - 10% of water reducer, 3% - 5% of calcium solution, 6% - 8% of silicon solution, 2% - 5% of waterproof agent, 0.1% - 0.2% of viscosity regulator, and 0.05% - 0.1% of stabilizer;

[0008] The accelerator is composed of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 50% - 60% of aluminum salt, 5% - 10% of complexing agent, 5% - 10% of magnesium salt, 1% - 2% of lithium salt, and the balance of water.

[0009] Preferably, the aluminum salt is at least one of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum formate, and amorphous aluminum hydroxide; and / or, the complexing agent is at least one of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and N-methyldiethanolamine; and / or, the magnesium salt is at least one of magnesium sulfate and magnesium nitrate; and / or, the lithium salt is at least one of lithium sulfate and lithium nitrate.

[0010] Preferably, the early strength agent is at least one of nano-silica, nano-calcium aluminate carbide, nano-graphene oxide dispersion, and nano-seed crystal.

[0011] Among them, the nano-seed crystal can be the GK-3Z nano-crystalline material produced by Shijiazhuang Chang'an Yucai Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0012] Preferably, the densifier is at least one of nano-cellulose fiber, nano-sepiolite fiber, and fly ash microbeads.

[0013] The fly ash microbeads used in the present invention are an ultrafine glass sphere powder material with a continuous particle size distribution, which is a mixture of sediment beads, float beads, or both, and the particle size D50 ≤ 2 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the water reducing agent is GK-3000 early-strength polycarboxylate superplasticizer (Chang'an Yucai Building Materials Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang City).

[0015] The GK-3000 early-strength polycarboxylate water reducing agent is a water reducing agent composed of an early-strength water reducing component and a slump retaining component in a mass ratio of 2-3:1, and the water reduction rate > 27%.

[0016] Preferably, the calcium solution is an aqueous solution of at least one of calcium nitrate, calcium nitrite, and calcium formate, and the mass concentration of the calcium solution is 55% - 65%; and / or, the silicon solution is an aqueous solution of potassium silicate and / or sodium silicate, and the mass concentration of the silicon solution is 15% - 25%; and / or, the calcium-silicon molar ratio of the calcium solution and the silicon solution is 1.0 - 1.7.

[0017] Preferably, the waterproofing agent is GK-KSW hydrophobic chemical pore plugs (Chang'an Yucai Building Materials Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang City) and / or sodium methyl silicate; and / or, the viscosity regulator is at least one of polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and BASF 420 water retaining agent; and / or, the stabilizer is at least one of xanthan gum, welan gum, carrageenan, and guar gum.

[0018] The polyacrylamide used is an anionic polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 10 million - 20 million.

[0019] The rebound inhibitor for high early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete of the present invention improves the workability, mechanical properties and durability of shotcrete by optimizing each functional component and its proportioning, and significantly reduces the rebound rate of shotcrete. The accelerator component provides a large amount of aluminum ions, which synergistically react with the liquid accelerator in the shotcrete to quickly generate a large amount of ettringite. In a low-temperature environment, it can also significantly shorten the setting time of the shotcrete, improve the compatibility between the liquid accelerator and cement, and reduce the dosage of the liquid accelerator on the premise of ensuring the accelerating effect, without affecting the strength and durability of the shotcrete. The early-strength agent component preferably uses nanomaterials, which greatly improve the early strength of the shotcrete through the nano-nucleation effect and micro-aggregate effect, without affecting the later strength development. The densifier contains specific fibers and microspheres. The well-dispersed fibers can improve the bonding strength and toughness of the shotcrete, reduce the rebound rate and dry shrinkage of the shotcrete. The fly ash microspheres improve the workability of the shotcrete through the "morphology effect" and "pozzolanic activity effect", and at the same time increase its later strength. The water-reducing agent component preferably uses an early-strength high-performance polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, which can adjust the initial fluidity and cohesiveness of the concrete and has a certain slump retention ability. The viscosity regulator can improve the workability of the shotcrete and has the function of retaining water and stabilizing gas. By dropping calcium solution and silicon solution into the base material containing components such as accelerator and water-reducing agent, stable and dispersed nano-calcium silicate hydrate seeds are generated. Its excellent nano-nucleation effect promotes the hydration of cement minerals, not only shortening the setting time of the shotcrete to achieve the purpose of reducing the dosage of the accelerator, but also enabling the shotcrete to rapidly increase in strength at the ultra-early age of 3 - 24 h; the waterproofing agent component can optimize the pore structure of the shotcrete, block the water seepage channels, improve the compactness and impermeability of the shotcrete, and reduce the rebound rate of the shotcrete in the case of rich water in the tunnel. The stabilizer component can improve the stability of the rebound inhibitor and at the same time improve the cohesiveness of the shotcrete. Each component of the rebound inhibitor for high early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete of the present invention acts synergistically to fully exert various effects such as accelerating coagulation, early strength, viscosity increase, water reduction, and waterproofing, and greatly reduces the rebound rate of the shotcrete.

[0020] The second technical solution of the present invention: provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned rebound inhibitor for high early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete, including the following steps:

[0021] First, mix the weighed aluminum salt, complexing agent, magnesium salt and lithium salt with water and stir evenly to obtain the accelerator;

[0022] After weighing each component in proportion, water, the accelerating agent, water reducing agent, densifier and viscosity regulator are successively added into a reaction vessel, stirred evenly, and then, under stirring, a calcium solution and a silicon solution are simultaneously added dropwise. After the addition is completed, an early strength agent, a waterproof agent and a stabilizer are successively added and stirred evenly to obtain a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete.

[0023] Preferably, the total stirring time of the accelerating agent, water reducing agent, densifier and viscosity regulator is 1 - 2 h, and the stirring speed is 300 - 500 rpm; the time for adding the calcium source and silicon source dropwise is 6 - 12 h, and the stirring speed is 2000 - 5000 rpm; the stirring time after adding the early strength agent, waterproof agent and stabilizer is 1 - 2 h, and the stirring speed is 2000 - 5000 rpm.

[0024] The third technical solution of the present invention: Provide an application of the above-mentioned rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete in the preparation of high early strength and low rebound shotcrete.

[0025] Preferably, the addition amount of the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete is 1% - 5% of the mass of the cementitious material.

[0026] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] Working performance: The rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete provided by the present invention can improve the construction performance of shotcrete, and the fluidity loss over time is small (maintaining for more than 2 h), solving problems such as large loss of working performance caused by too long concrete transportation distance.

[0028] Mechanical properties: The shotcrete after adding the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete has high early strength and good late strength development. The strength at ultra-early age is high under low-temperature conditions, the 28-day compressive strength ratio is greater than 110%, and the support efficiency is high, which can fully ensure construction safety.

[0029] Rebound rate: The rebound rate of the shotcrete after adding the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete is low, the dosage of the accelerating agent can be reduced by more than 10%, effectively saving project costs and improving construction efficiency.

[0030] The rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete provided by the present invention can be used to prepare high early strength and low rebound shotcrete, and is particularly suitable for the initial rapid support project of tunnels constructed in low-temperature and high-altitude environments, as well as tunnels with soft surrounding rocks and other shallow-buried, eccentric pressure, rock burst, water-rich tunnels, etc. Specific embodiments

[0031] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation on the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention.

[0034] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Preparation of a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete:

[0037] (1) Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: 50% aluminum sulfate, 6% diethanolamine, 5% magnesium sulfate, 2% lithium sulfate, and 37% water; after mixing all the raw materials, stir evenly to obtain a coagulant;

[0038] (2) Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: 53% coagulant, 6% early strength agent (nano-silica), 6% densifier (nano-cellulose fiber and fly ash microspheres with a mass ratio of 1:1, D50≤2μm, where the fly ash microspheres are a mixture of sink beads and float beads with a mass ratio of 2:1), 5% water reducer (GK-3000 early strength polycarboxylate water reducer), 4% calcium solution (an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate with a mass concentration of 58%), 6% silicon solution (an aqueous solution of sodium silicate with a mass concentration of 22% - the calcium-silicon molar ratio of the calcium solution and the silicon solution is 1.3), 5% waterproof agent (GK-KSW hydrophobic chemical pore plugs), 0.1% viscosity regulator (anionic polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 10 million), 0.05% stabilizer (xanthan gum), and 14.85% water;

[0039] (3) While stirring, water, a coagulant, a water reducer, a densifier, and a viscosity regulator are added in sequence. The stirring speed is 500 rpm. After adding, continue stirring for 1 h, then adjust the stirring speed to 3000 rpm, and simultaneously drip-feed a calcium solution and a silicon solution. The dripping time is 6 h. After the dripping is completed, an early strength agent, a waterproof agent, and a stabilizer are added in sequence, and continue stirring for 1 h to obtain a rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Preparation of a rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete:

[0042] (1) Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: 55% of aluminum formate, 6% of triethanolamine, 8% of magnesium sulfate, 1% of lithium sulfate, and 30% of water; mix all the raw materials and stir evenly to obtain a coagulant;

[0043] (2) Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: 55% of coagulant, 8% of early strength agent (GK-3Z nano-crystalline material), 7% of densifier (nano-cellulose fiber), 7% of water reducer (GK-3000 early-strength polycarboxylate water reducer), 5% of calcium solution (calcium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 55%), 7% of silicon solution (potassium silicate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 21.5% - the calcium-silicon molar ratio of the calcium solution and the silicon solution is 1.7), 2% of waterproof agent (GK-KSW hydrophobic chemical pore plug), 0.15% of viscosity regulator (anionic polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 10 million), 0.05% of stabilizer (guar gum), and 8.8% of water;

[0044] (3) While stirring, water, a coagulant, a water reducer, a densifier, and a viscosity regulator are added in sequence. The stirring speed is 500 rpm. After adding, continue stirring for 1 h, then adjust the stirring speed to 3000 rpm, and simultaneously drip-feed a calcium solution and a silicon solution. The dripping time is 6 h. After the dripping is completed, an early strength agent, a waterproof agent, and a stabilizer are added in sequence, and continue stirring for 1 h to obtain a rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Preparation of a rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete:

[0047] (1) Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: 57% of amorphous aluminum hydroxide, 8% of diethanolamine, 10% of magnesium sulfate, 2% of lithium nitrate, and 23% of water; mix all the raw materials and stir evenly to obtain a coagulant;

[0048] (2)Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: coagulant 58%, early strength agent (nano-calcium aluminate) 7%, densifier (fly ash microspheres with D50 ≤ 2 μm, where fly ash microspheres are a mixture of sediment beads and float beads with a mass ratio of 2:1) 8%, water reducer (GK-3000 early strength polycarboxylate water reducer) 8%, calcium solution (calcium nitrate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 55%) 3%, silicon solution (sodium silicate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 17.5% - the calcium-silicon molar ratio of the calcium solution and the silicon solution is 1.0) 7%, waterproofing agent (GK-KSW hydrophobic chemical pore plug) 3%, viscosity regulator (hydroxyethyl cellulose) 0.15%, stabilizer (carrageenan) 0.1%, and water 5.75%;

[0049] (3)While stirring, sequentially add water, coagulant, water reducer, densifier, and viscosity regulator. The stirring speed is 500 rpm. After adding, continue stirring for 1 h, then adjust the stirring speed to 3000 rpm, and simultaneously drip-feed the calcium solution and the silicon solution. The dripping time is 6 h. After the dripping is completed, sequentially add the early strength agent, waterproofing agent, and stabilizer, and continue stirring for 1 h to obtain a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Preparation of a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete:

[0052] (1)Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: aluminum nitrate 30%, aluminum chloride 30%, N-methyldiethanolamine 10%, magnesium sulfate 5.5%, lithium nitrate 1.5%, and water 23%; Mix all the raw materials and stir evenly to prepare the coagulant;

[0053] (2)Prepare each raw material according to the following mass percentages: coagulant 50%, early strength agent (nano-silica) 5%, densifier (nano-cellulose fiber) 7%, water reducer (GK-3000 early strength polycarboxylate water reducer) 5%, calcium solution (calcium nitrite aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 55%) 3%, silicon solution (potassium silicate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 16% - the calcium-silicon molar ratio of the calcium solution and the silicon solution is 1.5) 8%, waterproofing agent (GK-KSW hydrophobic chemical pore plug) 4%, viscosity regulator (BASF 420 water retainer) 0.2%, stabilizer (welan gum) 0.1%, and water 17.7%;

[0054] (3)While stirring, sequentially add water, coagulant, water reducer, densifier, and viscosity regulator. The stirring speed is 500 rpm. After adding, continue stirring for 1 h, then adjust the stirring speed to 3000 rpm, and simultaneously drip-feed the calcium solution and the silicon solution. The dripping time is 6 h. After the dripping is completed, sequentially add the early strength agent, waterproofing agent, and stabilizer, and continue stirring for 1 h to obtain a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete.

[0055] The rebound inhibitors for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete prepared in Examples 1 to 4 were used to prepare shotcrete, and the dosage was 3% of the mass of the cementitious materials in the shotcrete. The mix proportion of the shotcrete was 470 kg / m of Qilianshan cement 3 , 860 kg / m of medium sand 3 , 840 kg / m of 5-10 mm crushed stone 3 , 180 kg / m of water 3 , 4.7 kg / m of water reducer 3 , 28.2 kg / m of alkali-free accelerating agent 3 , 14.1 kg / m of rebound inhibitor 3 .

[0056] The water reducer used in the shotcrete was the GK-3000 polycarboxylate superplasticizer produced by Shijiazhuang Chang'an Yucai Building Materials Co., Ltd. on the market. The liquid alkali-free accelerating agent used in the shotcrete was the GK-3B alkali-free and fluorine-free liquid accelerating agent produced by Shijiazhuang Chang'an Yucai Building Materials Co., Ltd. on the market, and the dosage was 6% (mass percentage) of the cementitious materials.

[0057] In addition, a blank group was set without adding the rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete and adding 6% accelerating agent with other conditions unchanged; a comparative example 1 group was set by adding the rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete prepared in Example 1 (dosage 3%) and reducing the dosage of the liquid alkali-free accelerating agent from 6% to 5% of the mass of the cementitious materials with other conditions unchanged; a comparative example 2 group was set by replacing the rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete prepared in the examples of the present invention with an equal mass of the rebound inhibitor prepared according to Example 1 of Chinese invention patent CN116283039B and adding it to the shotcrete with other conditions unchanged.

[0058] According to GB / T 50080-2016 "Standard Test Method for Properties of Ordinary Concrete Mixtures", the workability (slump / spread) of the shotcrete was measured. According to GB / T 50081-2019 "Standard Test Method for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete", the mechanical properties (compressive strength, curing conditions: 8°C, humidity 90%) of the shotcrete were measured. According to the method mentioned in Appendix of JGJ / T372-2016 "Technical Specification for Application of Shotcrete", the comprehensive rebound rate of the shotcrete was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 Properties of Shotcrete

[0060]

[0061] Note: The 28-day compressive strength ratio is the ratio of the 28-day compressive strength of the concrete in the example group and the comparative example group to the 28-day compressive strength of the blank group.

[0062] It can be seen from Table 1 that when the rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete prepared by the present invention is incorporated, the shotcrete has good working performance, with small time-dependent loss of fluidity (slump / spread) within 2 h; it has high early strength. Under the condition of low temperature of 8 °C, the compressive strength at the ultra-early age of 6 h is greater than 12 MPa, and the support efficiency is high, which can ensure construction safety. The 1-day compressive strength is greater than 25 MPa, and the later strength development is good, with a 28-day compressive strength ratio exceeding 110%; the shotcrete rebound rate is low, less than 5%. When using the rebound inhibitor for high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete prepared by the present invention, the dosage of the accelerating agent is reduced by more than 10%, and the shotcrete still has excellent performance, belonging to high-early-strength and low-rebound shotcrete (comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 group). It is particularly suitable for the initial rapid support project of tunnels in low-temperature and high-altitude environments and in cases with weak surrounding rocks and water seepage, etc.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete, characterized in that: According to the percentage by mass, the components are: accelerator 50%-60%, early strength agent 5%-8%, densifier 5%-8%, water reducer 5%-10%, calcium solution 3%-5%, silicon solution 6%-8%, waterproofing agent 2%-5%, viscosity regulator 0.1%-0.2% and stabilizer 0.05%-0.1%, and the balance is water; The coagulant is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentage: 50% to 60% aluminum salt, 5% to 10% complexing agent, 5% to 10% magnesium salt, 1% to 2% lithium salt and the balance water; The aluminum salt is at least one of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum formate and amorphous aluminum hydroxide; the complexing agent is at least one of diethanolamine, triethanolamine and N-methyldiethanolamine; the magnesium salt is at least one of magnesium sulfate and magnesium nitrate; the lithium salt is at least one of lithium sulfate and lithium nitrate; The early strength agent is at least one of nano silicon dioxide, nano calcium aluminate, nano graphene oxide dispersion and nano crystal seeds; The compacting agent is at least one of nanocellulose fibers, nano sepiolite fibers and fly ash microbeads; The water reducer is GK-3000 early strength polycarboxylic acid high performance water reducer; The calcium liquid is an aqueous solution of at least one of calcium nitrate, calcium nitrite and calcium formate, and the mass concentration of the calcium liquid is 55% to 65%; the silicon liquid is an aqueous solution of potassium silicate and / or sodium silicate, and the mass concentration of the silicon liquid is 15% to 25%; the calcium-silicon molar ratio of the calcium liquid and the silicon liquid is 1.0 to 1.7; The waterproofing agent is GK-KSW hydrophobic compound pore plug and / or sodium methyl silicate; the viscosity regulator is at least one of polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose and BASF 420 water retaining agent; the stabilizer is at least one of xanthan gum, wenan gum, carrageenan and guar gum.

2. A method for preparing the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Firstly, weighed aluminum salt, complexing agent, magnesium salt and lithium salt are mixed with water and stirred evenly to prepare a coagulant; After weighing each component in proportion, water, the coagulant, water reducing agent, compacting agent and viscosity regulator are added to the reaction container in sequence and stirred evenly. Then, calcium liquid and silicon liquid are added dropwise at the same time under stirring. After the addition is completed, an early strength agent, a waterproofing agent and a stabilizer are added in sequence and stirred evenly to obtain a rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete.

3. Use of the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete according to claim 1 in the preparation of high early strength and low rebound shotcrete.

4. The use of the rebound inhibitor for high early strength and low rebound shotcrete according to claim 3 in the preparation of high early strength and low rebound shotcrete, characterized in that: The added amount of the rebound inhibitor for the high early strength and low rebound shotcrete is 1% to 5% of the mass of the cementitious material.

Images