Self-regulating electric heating deicing coating and coating thereof

Abstract

The application provides a self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating and a coating thereof, and belongs to the technical field of anti-icing. The self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-32 parts of a paraffin emulsion; 2-25 parts of a conductive filler; and 4-40 parts of a water-based resin. The solid content of the paraffin emulsion is 8-15%. The preparation raw materials of the paraffin emulsion comprise paraffin, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water. Through the interaction of each raw material in the coating component, the self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating can increase the resistance with the increase of temperature on the basis of the positive temperature coefficient effect, and can prevent the coating from overheating even if high voltage is applied. In the low-temperature icing environment, the voltage can be applied to realize the electric heating deicing at a low temperature of-30 DEG C.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ice prevention, in particular to a self-temperature-controlled electric heating ice prevention coating and a coating layer thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Surface ice brings great safety hazards to the fields of transportation, aviation, power transmission, etc. In order to ensure the safe operation of key equipment and facilities, various ice prevention and removal methods are used for icing protection. Existing ice prevention strategies can be divided into active methods and passive methods. The active ice prevention method mainly relies on external energy to prevent surface icing, but often needs complex regulating equipment to prevent overheating or excessive energy consumption, which has the defects of high energy consumption, great environmental pollution and low efficiency. Passive methods are mainly divided into three categories: constructing super-hydrophobic surfaces, injecting liquid into porous slippery surfaces, and low-modulus coating materials with special mechanical properties. Although these passive ice prevention methods have low ice adhesion, their durability is poor, and the interface state deteriorates under dynamic icing conditions, which may limit their application.

[0003] In a dynamic icing environment, the most commonly used ice prevention method is to use an electric heating coating for active ice prevention, which usually requires complex monitoring equipment to manage its heat power density. Patent CN110629151A discloses a novel electric heating coating and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a substrate and an electric heating layer, wherein the electric heating layer comprises a conductive layer, a bonding layer and an electrically insulating layer. Patent CN117946565A discloses an ice prevention electric heating coating structure and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a first coating layer, a second coating layer and a third coating layer, and can realize rapid heating and continuous electric heating effect. However, the above patents do not mention how to control the surface temperature of the electric heating coating. If the surface temperature of the electric heating coating is too high, it will cause ablation of the electric heating coating and reduce the service life. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a self-temperature-controlled electric heating ice prevention coating and a coating layer thereof. The self-temperature-controlled electric heating ice prevention coating provided by the present application can effectively prevent the surface of the coating from overheating and ablation, and prolong the service life.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a self-temperature-controlled electric heating ice prevention coating, which comprises the following raw materials by mass fraction:

[0007] Paraffin emulsion 1-32 parts;

[0008] Conductive filler 2-25 parts;

[0009] Water-based resin 4-40 parts;

[0010] The solid content of the paraffin emulsion is 8-15%; the raw materials for preparing the paraffin emulsion include paraffin, silane coupling agent, emulsifier and water.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the paraffin emulsion comprises the following steps:

[0012] The paraffin, silane coupling agent, emulsifier and water are mixed, and heating emulsification and room temperature stirring are sequentially performed to obtain the paraffin emulsion.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the paraffin to the silane coupling agent and the emulsifier is (15-40):(2-8):(1-6).

[0014] Preferably, the silane coupling agent includes one or more of vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl tri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane and γ-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane.

[0015] The emulsifier includes one or more of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium dodecyl sulfate, OP-10, polyvinyl alcohol and Span 80.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature of the heating emulsification is 60-100℃, the speed is 10000-20000rpm, and the time is 10-40min.

[0017] The speed of the room temperature stirring is 200-1000rpm, and the time is 2-6h.

[0018] Preferably, the conductive filler includes one or more of graphene, graphite fiber, conductive carbon black and carbon nanotube.

[0019] Preferably, the water-based resin includes one or more of water-based acrylic resin, water-based fluorine-modified acrylate resin, water-based silicon-modified acrylate resin and water-based epoxy resin.

[0020] The application provides application of the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating in the field of anti-icing and deicing.

[0021] The application provides a self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating layer, which is obtained by curing the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating.

[0022] Preferably, the curing temperature is room temperature, and the time is 6-24h.

[0023] The application provides a self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: a paraffin emulsion 1-32 parts; a conductive filler 2-25 parts; and a water-based resin 4-40 parts.

[0024] In addition, the self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating provided by the application has simple production process, low cost and strong practicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 An optical microscope image of the paraffin emulsion prepared in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 An icing-removing effect of the self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 A surface resistivity-temperature change graph of the self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4 An electric heating cycle graph of the self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The application provides a self-temperature-control electric heating anti-icing coating, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0030] The paraffin emulsion 1-32 parts;

[0031] The conductive filler 2-25 parts;

[0032] The water-based resin 4-40 parts;

[0033] The paraffin emulsion has a solid content of 8-15%, and the preparation raw materials of the paraffin emulsion include paraffin, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the sources of the raw materials used in the application are all commercially available.

[0035] The self-temperature-controlling electric heating anti-icing coating provided by the present application comprises 1-32 parts of paraffin wax emulsion, preferably 1-8 parts. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the amount of paraffin wax emulsion can be 1 part, 3 parts, 5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 28 parts or 32 parts. In the present application, the solid content of the paraffin wax emulsion is 8-15%, preferably 10%. In the present application, the paraffin wax emulsion plays a role of phase change upon heating, destroying the conductive network, increasing the coating resistance and producing a positive temperature coefficient effect.

[0036] In the present application, the preparation method of the paraffin wax emulsion preferably comprises the following steps:

[0037] The paraffin wax, silane coupling agent, emulsifier and water are mixed, and heating emulsification and room temperature stirring are sequentially performed to obtain the paraffin wax emulsion.

[0038] In the present application, the silane coupling agent preferably comprises one or more of vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; in the present application, the silane coupling agent plays a role of increasing the bonding force between the paraffin wax and the resin matrix.

[0039] In the present application, the emulsifier preferably comprises one or more of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium dodecyl sulfate, OP-10, polyvinyl alcohol and Span 80.

[0040] In the present application, the mass ratio of the paraffin wax to the silane coupling agent to the emulsifier is preferably (15-40):(2-8):(1-6), more preferably 40:2:2, i.e. 20:1:1. In the present application, the mass ratio of the emulsifier to water is preferably (2-5):(260-600), more preferably 2:400, i.e. 1:200.

[0041] In the present application, the mixing method is preferably as follows: the emulsifier and water are mixed to obtain an emulsifier aqueous solution; and then the paraffin wax and the silane coupling agent are added to the emulsifier aqueous solution. In the present application, the paraffin wax is preferably added in a molten state.

[0042] In the present application, the heating emulsification temperature is preferably 60-100°C, more preferably 80-100°C; the speed is preferably 10000-20000 rpm, more preferably 15000-20000 rpm; and the time is preferably 10-40 min, more preferably 20-30 min.

[0043] In the present application, the stirring rate of the room temperature stirring is preferably 200-1000 rpm, more preferably 300-800 rpm; the time is preferably 2-6 h, more preferably 3-5 h. In the present application, during the room temperature stirring, the paraffin forms a stable emulsion under the action of the emulsifier.

[0044] In the present application, the self-regulating temperature electric heating anti-icing coating provided by the present application comprises 2-25 parts of conductive filler, preferably 2-15 parts; as a specific embodiment of the present application, the amount of the conductive filler can be 2 parts, 5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts or 25 parts.

[0045] In the present application, the conductive filler preferably comprises one or more of graphene, graphite fiber, conductive carbon black and carbon nanotube. In the present application, the flake diameter of the graphene is preferably 20-30 μm, and the thickness is preferably 1-5 nm; the length of the graphite fiber is preferably 5-10 mm, and the diameter is preferably 4-10 μm; the particle size of the conductive carbon black is preferably 20-80 nm; the length of the carbon nanotube is preferably 5-30 μm, and the diameter is preferably 10-30 nm. In the present application, the conductive filler functions to form a complete conductive network.

[0046] In the present application, the self-regulating temperature electric heating anti-icing coating provided by the present application comprises 4-40 parts of water-based resin, preferably 4-20 parts. As a specific embodiment of the present application, the amount of the water-based resin can be 4 parts, 8 parts, 12 parts, 16 parts, 20 parts, 24 parts, 28 parts, 32 parts, 36 parts or 40 parts.

[0047] In the present application, the water-based resin preferably comprises one or more of water-based acrylic resin, water-based fluorine-modified acrylate resin, water-based silicon-modified acrylate resin and water-based epoxy resin.

[0048] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the water-based acrylic resin is model JT-207A, purchased from Foshan Juntu New Material Co., Ltd.; the water-based fluorine-modified acrylate resin is purchased from Anhui Zhongen Chemical Co., Ltd., the water-based silicon-modified acrylate resin is model JT-213, purchased from Foshan Juntu New Material Co., Ltd., and the water-based epoxy resin is model F0707, purchased from Shenzhen Jitian Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0049] In the present application, the preparation method of the self-regulating temperature electric heating anti-icing coating preferably comprises the following steps:

[0050] The paraffin emulsion, the conductive filler and the water-based resin are mixed to obtain the self-regulating temperature electric heating anti-icing coating.

[0051] The present application does not have special requirements for the mixing method, and the mixing method known in the art can be used.

[0052] The present application provides application of the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating in the field of anti-icing and deicing.

[0053] The present application provides a self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating obtained by curing the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating. In the present application, the curing temperature is preferably room temperature, and the curing time is preferably 6-24 h; as a specific embodiment of the present application, the curing time can be 6, 12, 18 or 24 h.

[0054] In the present application, the preparation method of the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating preferably comprises the following steps:

[0055] The self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating is obtained by coating the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating on the surface of the substrate and curing.

[0056] In the present application, the coating method is preferably one of drop coating, spray coating, dip coating and brush coating, and the present application does not have special requirements for the specific operation method of the coating, and the coating method known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0057] In the present application, the thickness of the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating is preferably 50-80 μm, and more preferably 60-70 μm.

[0058] The self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating and its coating provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] (1) Preparation of paraffin emulsion

[0061] A mixed solution of 20 g of paraffin in a molten state and 1 g of vinyl trimethoxysilane was added to an aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (1 g) (the mass ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to water was 1:200) and emulsified at a speed of 20000 rpm at 80℃ for 30 min to form an emulsion; the emulsion was stirred and reacted at room temperature for 5 h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain the paraffin emulsion.

[0062] The optical microscope image of the obtained paraffin emulsion is shown in Figure 1 As can be seen from Figure 1 , the particle size of the paraffin is about 10 μm.

[0063] (2) Preparation of self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating

[0064] The paraffin emulsion, carbon nanotubes (length 5-30 μm, diameter 10-30 nm) and water-based epoxy resin (F0707, purchased from Shenzhen City Yoshida Chemical Co., Ltd.) were mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:2:4 to obtain the self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating.

[0065] The self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating was coated on a substrate and cured at room temperature for 24 h to obtain a self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating layer with a thickness of 50-80 μm.

[0066] Performance test

[0067] The self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating layer obtained in Example 1 was pre-cooled in a refrigerator at -30℃ for 10 min, 0.1 mL of deionized water was added on the surface of the coating layer using a dropper, and the ice was frozen after being cooled for 20 min. Then, the coating layer was heated by applying a voltage of 64 V, and the process of ice shedding and the temperature of the surface of the coating layer were captured, as shown in FIG. 2. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 2, the electric heating time was 3.2 min, the ice began to slide off, the ice completely slid off the surface of the coating layer at 3.3 min, and the temperature of the surface of the coating layer reached 9.8℃. Therefore, the self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating layer provided by the present application can realize electric heating deicing under cold load. Figure 2

[0068] Examples 2-4

[0069] Examples 2-4 differ from Example 1 in that the amount of paraffin emulsion in the self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating layer is different, and the composition of the conductive filler and the water-based resin is different, and the rest of the operations are the same. The amounts of the components of Examples 2-4 are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Comparative Examples 1-2

[0071] Comparative Examples 1-2 differ from Example 1 in that the amounts of paraffin emulsion, carbon nanotubes and water-based resin in the self-controlling temperature electric heating coating layer are different, and the rest of the operations are the same.

[0072] The self-controlling temperature electric heating anti-icing coating layers obtained in Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested for electric heating deicing under cold load, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0073] Table 1 Raw material types, proportions and properties of Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0074]

[0075] Figure 3 ​The surface resistivity of the self-regulating electric heating anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1 changes with temperature, and the surface resistivity of the coating increases sharply as the surface temperature of the coating increases, and the surface resistivity increases slowly at a higher temperature, and tends to be stable at 80℃. Therefore, the coating has a positive temperature coefficient effect, and can avoid overheat ablation of the coating surface when a high voltage is applied.

[0076] Figure 4 The electric heating cycle of the self-regulating electric heating anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1 when a voltage of 64V is applied, and the surface temperature of the coating remains constant after 8 cycles, indicating that the coating has good electric heating cycle stability and can be repeatedly used.

[0077] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-regulating electrically heated deicing coating, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following mass fractions: A paraffin emulsion 1~32 parts; A conductive filler 2~25 parts; An aqueous resin 4~40 parts; The mass ratio of the paraffin emulsion, the conductive filler and the aqueous resin is 1:2:4, 1.2:2:4 or 1.5:2:4; The solid content of the paraffin emulsion is 8~15%; the preparation raw materials of the paraffin emulsion include paraffin, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water; The preparation method of the paraffin emulsion includes the following steps: Mixing the paraffin, the silane coupling agent, the emulsifier and water, sequentially performing heating emulsification and room temperature stirring to obtain the paraffin emulsion; The mass ratio of the paraffin, the silane coupling agent and the emulsifier is (15~40):(2~8):(1~6); The heating emulsification temperature is 60~100℃, the speed is 10000~20000rpm, and the time is 10~40min; The room temperature stirring speed is 200~1000rpm, and the time is 2~6h; The conductive filler includes one or more of graphene, conductive carbon black and carbon nanotubes; The aqueous resin includes one or more of an aqueous acrylic resin, an aqueous fluorine-modified acrylate resin and an aqueous epoxy resin.

2. The self-regulating electrically heated deicing coating of claim 1, wherein, The silane coupling agent includes one or more of vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl tri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane and γ-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane; The emulsifier includes one or more of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium dodecyl sulfate, OP-10, polyvinyl alcohol and span 80.

3. The application of the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating in the field of anti-icing and deicing according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A self-regulating electrically heated deicing coating, characterized in that, Obtained by curing the self-temperature-controlled electric heating anti-icing coating according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The self-regulating electrically heated de-icing or anti-icing coating of claim 4, wherein, The curing temperature is room temperature, and the time is 6~24h.

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