Concrete switch tie broken nail extractor

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete switch tie broken nail extractor, and relates to the technical field of railway switch maintenance. The device aims at the technical defect that a nylon sleeve and threads are easily damaged when a traditional water mill drill bit is used for taking a nail, and nondestructive nail taking is achieved through cooperation of the drill guide device and the nail puller. The drill guide comprises a column body structure with a drill guide hole, and a drill bit can be accurately guided to drill symmetrical hole positions in the top of the broken bolt. The nail puller is provided with a clamping needle and a hexagonal stud head, and after the clamping needle is embedded into a drill hole, a torque wrench applies reverse torque to screw out a broken nail. Modular design is adopted, on the premise that a sleeper embedded nylon sleeve and a thread structure are completely reserved, broken nails are efficiently taken out, and the problems of thread tooth damage and sleeper scrapping caused by a traditional method are solved. The operation standardization degree of the device is high, the bolt connection function can be recovered through one-time operation, the maintenance efficiency is remarkably improved, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the safety and stability of a railway track system are effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway turnout maintenance, in particular to a device for extracting broken nails of a concrete turnout tie. Background Art

[0002] In the railway track system, concrete switch sleepers are the core components that support the rails, and their stability is directly related to the safety of train operation. Concrete switch sleepers are connected to the pads and rails through pre-buried nylon sleeves and bolts. They are subjected to high-frequency vibration, environmental corrosion and extreme loads for a long time, which can easily lead to bolt breakage or rust and jam. If such broken bolts cannot be removed in time, it will not only affect the fixation of the pads and the smoothness of the rails, but may also cause geometric deformation of the track, threatening driving safety.

[0003] Traditional methods of removing broken bolts mostly rely on water-grinding drills, which have significant defects:

[0004] The water-abrasive drill bit destroys the nylon casing inside the cement sleeper outside the broken nail. The nylon casing and the broken nail are taken out, cleaned, and then the new nylon casing and bolt are installed back. This is not only inefficient but also damages the nylon casing, increasing material costs. At the same time, when using the water-abrasive drill bit to drill the nylon seat, it is very easy to offset and damage the thread teeth inside the cement sleeper. If this method is repeated three or four times, the thread teeth are basically destroyed and fail, and the entire cement sleeper is scrapped and replaced.

[0005] In view of the above problems, a device for extracting broken nails of concrete switch sleepers is needed.

[0006] To solve the technical pain points in cement sleeper maintenance and ensure the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of railway tracks. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a device for removing broken nails of a concrete switch tie.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a broken nail extractor for concrete switch sleepers, comprising a drill guide, a nail remover and a sleeper body:

[0009] The drill guide comprises a drill guide column body, a drill guide fixing plate and a drill guide drilling hole. The bottom end of the drill guide column body is fixedly connected to the drill guide fixing plate, and the drill guide drilling hole is arranged inside.

[0010] The nail opener comprises a nail opener column, a clamping pin and a hexagonal stud head. The top end of the nail opener column is fixedly connected with the hexagonal stud head, and the bottom end is fixedly connected with the clamping pin.

[0011] A backing plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the sleeper body, and bolt holes are arranged inside the backing plate and the sleeper body, and a breaking bolt is threadedly connected inside the bolt hole; a hole is drilled on the top of the breaking bolt;

[0012] The inner wall of the broken bolt can be plugged into the column body of the drill guide and the column body of the nail opener, and the inside of the drill hole can be plugged into the card pin.

[0013] In the present application, the staff inserts the drill guide column into the bolt hole. At this time, the electric drill equipment uses a drill bit with a drilling size that is the same as or slightly larger than the size of the clamp pin. The drill bit drills the hole through the drill guide and drills two circular holes on the top of the broken bolt. At this time, the drill guide is taken out, and then the nail opener column is inserted into the inner wall of the threaded hole, and the clamp pin is inserted into the inner wall of the drill hole. At this time, a torque wrench is used to insert the hexagonal stud head into the inside of the torque wrench. At this time, the torque wrench drives the nail opener to rotate, further driving the broken bolt to be removed.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, it also includes an electric drill device for drilling a hole in and out of the top end of the broken bolt using a drill bit.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, it also includes but is not limited to a torque wrench, which is used to plug and connect with the hexagonal stud head to drive the nail opener and the broken bolt to rotate, and separate and remove the broken bolt from the bolt hole.

[0016] In a specific implementation, a nylon sleeve is pre-buried inside the sleeper body, and the breaking bolt is fixedly connected to the sleeper body through the nylon sleeve.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, a rail is installed on the top of the base plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention realizes the safe and efficient removal of broken bolts through the synergistic effect of the drill guide and the nail opener. The drill guide hole design of the drill guide can accurately guide the drill bit to drill a hole on the top of the broken bolt, avoiding damage to the nylon casing and thread teeth caused by the deviation of the traditional water-grinding drill bit. After the clamping pin of the nail opener is embedded in the drill hole, the torque wrench is used to apply rotational force directly to the broken nail body, without damaging the nylon casing or expanding the hole. This technical solution completely retains the embedded nylon casing and thread structure in the sleeper body, avoiding the problem of thread tooth failure due to repeated maintenance, significantly extending the service life of concrete switch sleepers, reducing the overall replacement rate of sleepers, and reducing maintenance costs;

[0020] 2. This device adopts a modular design, the drill guide and the nail opener cooperate in steps, and the operation process is standardized. After the electric drill equipment accurately locates the hole through the drill guide, the nail opener can quickly embed the broken nail and complete the torque transmission, and the broken nail can be removed in a single operation. Compared with the traditional method of repeated drilling and obstacle removal, the efficiency is significantly improved, and the risk of track geometric deformation caused by operational deviation is avoided. At the same time, this technology does not need to replace the nylon casing, but directly restores the original bolt connection structure to ensure the stability of the pad and the rail, eliminates the track safety hazards caused by bolt failure from the root, and ensures the smooth operation of trains and the safety of railway system operation and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sleeper of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nail opener of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a drill guide of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drill guide of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the vibration rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sleeper main body of the present invention in the first state.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeper body of the present invention in the first jaw state.

[0028] Figures 1 to 7 In: 1. Sleeper body; 11. Pad; 12. Bolt hole; 13. Broken bolt; 131. Drill hole; 2. Nail opener; 3. Drill guide; 4. Vibrating rod; 21. Nail opener column; 22. Pin; 23. Hexagonal stud head; 31. Drill guide column; 32. Drill guide fixing plate; 33. Drill guide guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 7The device for extracting broken nails from a concrete switch sleeper shown in the figure comprises a drill guide 3, a nail opener 2 and a sleeper body 1: the drill guide 3 comprises a drill guide column body 31, a drill guide fixing plate 32 and a drill guide drilling hole 33, the bottom end of the drill guide column body 31 is fixedly connected to the drill guide fixing plate 32, and a drill guide drilling hole 33 is arranged inside; the nail opener 2 comprises a nail opener column body 21, a clamping pin 22 and a hexagonal stud head 23, the top end of the nail opener column body 21 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal stud head 23, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the clamping pin 22; a pad 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the sleeper body 1, and bolt holes 12 are arranged inside the pad 11 and the sleeper body 1, and a broken bolt 13 is threadedly connected inside the bolt hole 12; a drill hole 131 is drilled on the top of the broken bolt 13; the inner wall of the broken bolt 13 can be plugged into the drill guide column body 31 and the nail opener column body 21, and the clamping pin 22 can be plugged into the inside of the drill hole 131.

[0031] It also includes an electric drill device for drilling the top of the broken bolt 13 with a drill bit into and out of the borehole 131. It also includes but is not limited to a torque wrench for plugging and connecting with the hexagonal stud head 23 to drive the nail opener 2 and the broken bolt 13 to rotate, and separate and remove the broken bolt 13 from the bolt hole 12. A nylon sleeve is pre-buried inside the sleeper body 1, and the broken bolt 13 is fixedly connected to the sleeper body 1 through the nylon sleeve. A rail is installed on the top of the pad 11.

[0032] Working process of concrete tie broken nail extractor

[0033] 1. Preparation

[0034] Check tools: Confirm that the electric drill equipment, drill guide (including the drill guide column, fixing plate, guide hole), nail opener (including column, clamping pin, hexagonal stud head), vibrator, torque wrench, jack, magnetic rod, hammer, screwdriver, cotton yarn head and other tools are in good condition and usable.

[0035] Remove the bolts on the other side of the pad, remove the fasteners, and use a jack to slightly lift the upper rail. Use a hammer to hit the pad so that the threaded hole inside the pad coincides with the broken drill bit on the top of the sleeper body. If the bolt has been broken for a long time, inject kerosene or diesel into the hole a few days in advance to dissolve the rust and dust inside. Then insert the vibrator into the threaded hole and hit it with a hammer to loosen the broken bolt inside. Then use a screwdriver and cotton yarn head to remove it clean.

[0036] 2. Install the drill guide

[0037] Insert the drill guide column vertically into the inner wall of the bolt hole and into the nylon sleeve, and use a hammer to hit the bottom of the drill guide tightly against the top of the broken bolt.

[0038] 3. Drilling operation

[0039] Choosing a drill bit: Use a drill bit with the same diameter as the nail opener pin or slightly larger (to match the size of the hole to be drilled).

[0040] Positioning drilling: Insert the drill bit of the electric drill equipment through the drill guide hole and align it with the top of the broken bolt for positioning.

[0041] Drilling: Start the electric drill, apply vertical pressure, and drill two symmetrical holes at the top of the broken bolt along the direction of the drill guide. The drilling depth must penetrate the top of the broken bolt to ensure that the subsequent clamping pin can be firmly embedded.

[0042] Remove the drill guide: After drilling, exit the electric drill equipment, remove the drill guide from the bolt hole, and use a magnetic rod to suck out the iron filings inside.

[0043] 4. Install the nail opener

[0044] Insert the nail opener column vertically into the inner wall of the bolt hole, ensuring that the column is in close contact with the nylon sleeve and the inner wall of the bolt hole.

[0045] Fix the pin: adjust the position of the nail opener so that the pin at the bottom is accurately embedded in the drilled hole at the top of the broken bolt to form a mechanical bite.

[0046] 5. Rotate and remove the broken bolt

[0047] Connect the torque wrench: plug and fix the torque wrench into the hexagonal stud head on the top of the nail opener to ensure stable torque transmission.

[0048] Apply reverse torque: Slowly rotate the torque wrench to drive the broken bolt to rotate counterclockwise (in the same direction as the loosening of the thread) through the nail opener, and gradually unscrew the broken bolt from the bolt hole and nylon sleeve.

[0049] Check integrity: If the remaining part of the broken bolt is loose but has not completely detached, repeat the operation or adjust the engagement depth of the pin and continue to apply force.

[0050] 6. Finishing and Cleaning Up

[0051] After removing the broken bolt, check whether the bolt hole and nylon sleeve are intact and remove the debris in the hole.

[0052] Recover tools, tidy up the work site, and ensure that the rails and pads are restored to their original position and are stable.

[0053] Key Considerations

[0054] When fixing the drill guide, ensure verticality to avoid deviation of the drilling hole that may cause the pin to fail to engage.

[0055] The drilling depth must penetrate the top of the broken bolt to ensure that the pin can withstand the rotational torque after being inserted.

[0056] When operating the torque wrench, apply force evenly to prevent broken bolts from breaking again or the pins from deforming.

[0057] This process can efficiently complete the non-destructive removal of broken bolts through the coordinated effects of pilot drill positioning, precise drilling, mechanical engagement and reverse torque, and is suitable for rapid maintenance of concrete switch sleeper bolts.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete switch sleeper broken nail extractor, comprising a drill guide (3), a nail remover (2) and a sleeper body (1), characterized in that: The drill guide (3) comprises a drill guide column (31), a drill guide fixing plate (32) and a drill guide drilling hole (33); the bottom end of the drill guide column (31) is fixedly connected to the drill guide fixing plate (32), and the drill guide drilling hole (33) is arranged inside. The nail opener (2) comprises a nail opener column (21), a clamping pin (22) and a hexagonal stud head (23); the top end of the nail opener column (21) is fixedly connected to the hexagonal stud head (23), and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the clamping pin (22); A backing plate (11) is fixedly mounted on the top of the sleeper body (1); bolt holes (12) are provided inside the backing plate (11) and the sleeper body (1); a breaking bolt (13) is threadedly connected inside the bolt hole (12); and a drilling hole (131) is drilled at the top of the breaking bolt (13); The inner wall of the broken bolt (13) can be plugged into the drill guide column (31) and the nail opener column (21), and the inside of the drill hole (131) can be plugged into the clamping pin (22).

2. A concrete tie broken nail extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is an electric drill device for drilling a hole (131) in and out of the top end of the broken bolt (13) using a drill bit.

3. A concrete tie broken nail extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes but is not limited to a torque wrench, which is used to be plugged into the hexagonal stud head (23) to drive the nail opener (2) and the broken bolt (13) to rotate, and separate the broken bolt (13) from the bolt hole (12) and remove it.

4. A concrete tie broken nail extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nylon sleeve is pre-buried inside the sleeper body (1), and the breaking bolt (13) is fixedly connected to the sleeper body (1) via the nylon sleeve.

5. The broken nail extractor for concrete tie according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rail is installed on the top of the pad (11).

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