An underground prefabricated side wall installation device and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underground prefabricated side wall installation device and a construction method. Through the collaborative design of embedded bolt sleeves, channel steel and turnbuckle bolt assemblies, the side wall can be installed without scaffolding. The ear plates on the flange of the channel steel are connected to the reserved ear plates of the retaining structure through turnbuckle bolts to accurately adjust the verticality of the side wall; the stiffeners enhance the stability of the channel steel, and the embedded sleeves and bolts enable the rapid disassembly and assembly of the device. This invention significantly improves the construction efficiency and safety, reduces resource consumption, and is applicable to prefabricated underground structure projects such as subway stations and utility tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and particularly to a device and method for the installation and construction of the side walls of prefabricated underground structures such as underground stations and utility tunnels in rail transit projects. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the development and utilization of urban underground space have become more and more in-depth. Prefabricated underground structures have gradually attracted the attention of all parties due to their advantages such as high efficiency, environmental protection, and controllable quality. In the construction of prefabricated underground structures, the installation and construction of prefabricated components of underground structures have become key links. Among them, the construction process, construction efficiency, and construction safety of prefabricated side walls directly affect the construction quality and progress of the entire underground structure, and are one of the key points in the design and construction of prefabricated underground structures.

[0003] At present, the design and construction of installation devices for prefabricated underground station side walls face many challenges. Compared with the installation construction of in-situ cast station side walls and vertical walls of above-ground structures, there are significant differences in the installation of prefabricated underground station side walls. The construction of in-situ cast station side walls usually adopts the method of on-site formwork support, steel bar binding, and concrete pouring. The construction process is relatively flexible and can be adjusted according to the on-site situation; the installation of vertical walls of above-ground structures has relatively low construction difficulty due to the open environment and relatively good working conditions. However, for the installation of prefabricated underground station side walls, it is necessary to accurately control the positioning and installation accuracy of prefabricated components, and at the same time, consider the influence of factors such as narrow underground space and complex construction environment.

[0004] At home and abroad, there is no mature design for reference for the installation of prefabricated underground structure side walls. Some existing installation methods and devices are difficult to ensure construction safety while guaranteeing the installation quality of assembled prefabricated side walls, and generally have problems such as low installation efficiency and high construction costs. For example, some traditional installation methods rely on the erection of a large number of scaffolds, which not only consume a large amount of manpower, material resources, and time, but also pose safety hazards in the narrow underground space during the erection and removal of scaffolds; some installation devices have insufficient adjustment accuracy and cannot effectively control the verticality of the side walls, affecting the stability and safety of the structure. Therefore, the research and development of installation devices and construction methods suitable for prefabricated underground structure side walls have become the key to ensuring the construction safety of underground structures and improving construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground prefabricated side wall installation device and construction method, which can achieve convenient installation, bear the load during the construction stage, and enable the construction of prefabricated side walls without scaffolds on the premise of ensuring the installation quality of assembled prefabricated side walls and guaranteeing construction safety, effectively solving the installation and construction problems of prefabricated underground structure side walls.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an underground assembled side wall installation device, including a retaining structure 1, a prefabricated side wall 7, a channel steel, and a basket bolt assembly; an embedded part 2 is provided in the retaining structure 1, a reserved ear plate 3 is provided on the embedded part 2, and a bolt sleeve 10 is embedded in the top of the prefabricated side wall 7; the channel steel 9 has a web and a flange, and the channel steel 9 is provided with bolt holes 12 corresponding to the positions of the bolt sleeves 10, and bolts 11 are passed through the bolt holes 12 to connect with the bolt sleeves 10, so as to fix the channel steel 9 on the top of the prefabricated side wall 7; an ear plate 13 is provided between the flange and the web of the channel steel 9, and the ear plate 13 corresponds to the reserved ear plate 3 in the cross-sectional direction of the prefabricated side wall 7, and the two ends of the basket bolt assembly are respectively connected to the ear plate 13 and the reserved ear plate 3 by pressure-bearing bolts 4.

[0007] Furthermore, the flange of the channel steel is also provided with a stiffening rib 14, and the ear plate 13 and the stiffening rib 14 are respectively welded to the web and flange of the channel steel.

[0008] Furthermore, the basket bolt assembly includes a basket screw rod 5 and a basket locking nut 6. By adjusting the basket locking nut 6, the distance between the top of the prefabricated side wall 7 and the enclosure structure 1 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the verticality of the side wall.

[0009] Furthermore, both the ear plate 13 and the reserved ear plate 3 are provided with an ear plate connecting hole 15 , and the ear plate connecting hole 15 is connected to the turnbuckle screw 5 by a pressure-bearing bolt 4 .

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention further provides a construction method based on an underground assembled side wall installation device, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1, setting an embedded part 2 in an underground enclosure structure 1, and reserving a lug plate 3 on the embedded part 2;

[0012] S2, pre-embed bolt sleeves 10 at the top of the prefabricated side wall 7, and set bolt holes 12 at the web 16 of the channel steel according to the installation position of the channel steel 9, the position of the bolt sleeves 10 corresponds to the position of the bolt holes 12, and ear plates 13 and stiffening ribs 14 are set between the flange and the web of the channel steel, and the ear plates 13 and stiffening ribs 14 are respectively connected to the web and flange of the channel steel by welding, and at the same time, it is ensured that the reserved ear plates 3 and the ear plates 13 correspond to each other in the cross-sectional direction of the prefabricated side wall 7;

[0013] S3, fixing the channel steel 9 with bolts 11 on the top of the prefabricated side wall 7, ear plate connection holes 15 are provided on the reserved ear plates 3 and the ear plates 13, the turnbuckle screw 5 is connected with the pressure-bearing bolt 4 in the ear plate connection hole 15, and the verticality of the side wall is adjusted by adjusting the length of the turnbuckle bolt through the turnbuckle locking nut 6;

[0014] S4, then pour concrete around the periphery of the precast side wall 7 to form the cast-in-place concrete part 8. After the cast-in-place concrete part 8 reaches a certain strength, remove the bolts 11, the turnbuckle 5 and the turnbuckle locking nut 6, and remove the channel steel 9. The channel steel 9, the turnbuckle 5 and the turnbuckle locking nut 6 can be reused.

[0015] Further, in the step of embedding the bolt sleeve 10 at the top of the precast side wall 7, a special positioning mold is used to ensure the position accuracy of the bolt sleeve.

[0016] Further, the welding method is one or several of resistance welding, laser welding, arc welding, and electron beam welding.

[0017] Further, in step S3, when adjusting the verticality of the side wall by adjusting the length of the turnbuckle through the turnbuckle locking nut 6, total stations, levels and other professional measuring instruments are used to monitor the verticality of the side wall in real time.

[0018] Further, in step S4, during the concrete pouring process, strictly control the concrete mix ratio, pouring speed and vibration quality.

[0019] Further, check and maintain the removed channel steel 9, turnbuckle 5 and turnbuckle locking nut 6.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] 1. By connecting the ear plates and turnbuckles between the top of the side wall and the retaining structure, the verticality adjustment of the underground precast side wall is realized, and it serves as the top support point for bearing the construction load of the side wall. With a reasonable design of the bottom node of the side wall, the installation construction of the side wall can be carried out without support and without scaffolding.

[0022] 2. By installing channel steel and ear plates at the top of the precast side wall, the arrangement of the ear plates in the longitudinal length direction at the top of the side wall is realized, and the problem that the ear plates cannot be arranged one-to-one with the ear plates of the retaining structure due to reasons such as holes opened at the top of the side wall is solved.

[0023] 3. By embedding bolt sleeves and bolts to install channel steel and ear plates, the reuse of channel steel and turnbuckles is realized, saving construction materials and improving construction efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is the cross-sectional view of the side wall installation device of the underground structure;

[0025] Figure 2 is the layout diagram of the channel steel at the top of the precast side wall;

[0026] Figure 3 is the layout diagram of bolt holes, ear plates and stiffeners;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the sectional view at the place where the channel steel and the transverse ear plate of the precast side wall are located;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the sectional view at the place where the channel steel and the transverse stiffener of the precast side wall are located;

[0029] Reference numerals: 1 - enclosure structure; 2 - embedded parts of the enclosure structure; 3 - reserved ear plates of the enclosure structure; 4 - bearing-type bolts; 5 - turnbuckles; 6 - turnbuckle locking nuts; 7 - precast side wall; 8 - cast-in-place part of the side wall; 9 - channel steel; 10 - embedded bolt sleeves; 11 - bolts; 12 - bolt holes; 13 - ear plates; 14 - stiffeners; 15 - ear plate connection holes; 16 - web of the channel steel. Specific embodiments

[0030] The following will further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups.

[0032] To make the drawings concise, only the parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent their actual structures as products. In addition, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some drawings, components with the same structure or function are only schematically shown for one of them, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only this one", but also can mean "more than one" situation.

[0033] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the description of this application and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0034] In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the indication of directions (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) is used to explain that the structures and movements of various components of the present invention are not absolute but relative. When these components are in the positions shown in the drawings, these explanations are appropriate. If the description of the positions of these components changes, then the indication of these directions also changes accordingly.

[0035] In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] 1. Setting of embedded parts and reserved ear plates of enclosure structure

[0038] First, if Figure 1 As shown, embedded parts 2 are set in the underground retaining structure 1. The location and specifications of the embedded parts 2 must be strictly in accordance with the design requirements to ensure that they can be firmly fixed in the retaining structure. The embedded parts 2 are usually made of high-strength steel, have good tensile and compressive properties, and can withstand various loads during subsequent construction and use. Ear plates 3 are reserved on the embedded parts of the retaining structure. The position, size and number of the reserved ear plates 3 should match the subsequent installation requirements to ensure that they correspond to the ear plates at the top of the prefabricated side walls in the direction of the side wall cross section, laying the foundation for subsequent connection work. The design of the reserved ear plates 3 must take into account the connection method and force characteristics with the embedded parts of the retaining structure to ensure that they can effectively transfer loads and improve the stability of the connection. During the construction process, the installation accuracy of the embedded parts and reserved ear plates must be strictly controlled to ensure that their positions and sizes meet the design requirements to avoid subsequent construction difficulties or loose connections due to installation errors.

[0039] 2. Prefabricated side wall top embedded bolt sleeve

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the top of the prefabricated side wall 7 is pre-embedded with a bolt sleeve 10. During the pre-embedding process, the position of the bolt sleeve 10 needs to be precisely controlled so that it corresponds to the position of the ear plate 3 reserved for the enclosure structure and matches the position of the bolt hole 12 on the subsequent channel steel 9. This step is crucial to ensure the accurate installation of the channel steel and the stability of the connection. A special positioning mold can be used during pre-embedding to ensure the position accuracy of the bolt sleeve 10. The bolt sleeve 10 is usually made of high-strength steel, has good corrosion resistance and tensile strength, and can withstand various loads during subsequent construction and use. During the pre-embedding process, the verticality and horizontality of the bolt sleeve need to be strictly controlled to ensure that it fits tightly with the concrete surface at the top of the prefabricated side wall to avoid safety hazards in subsequent construction due to loose pre-embedding. At the same time, the embedded bolt sleeve needs to be protected to prevent damage or contamination during the construction process.

[0041] 3. Processing and production of channel steel

[0042] like Figures 3 - 5As shown in the figure, according to the installation position of the channel steel 9, bolt holes 12 are set at the web 16 of the channel steel. The position and size of the bolt holes 12 should accurately correspond to the embedded bolt sleeves 10 at the top of the precast side wall, ensuring that the bolts 11 can pass through smoothly and be tightened. Lugs 13 and stiffeners 14 are set between the flange and web of the channel steel 9, and the lugs 13 and stiffeners 14 are welded to the web and flange of the channel steel respectively. The welding process must be carried out strictly in accordance with the welding process specifications to ensure the welding quality, so that the lugs 13 and stiffeners 14 can be firmly connected to the channel steel and play their due roles. The channel steel 9 is usually made of high-strength steel, with good bending and shear resistance, and can withstand various loads during subsequent construction and use. During the processing and manufacturing process, the dimensions and shapes of the channel steel need to be strictly controlled to ensure its matching with the precast side wall and the enclosure structure. At the same time, the surface treatment of the channel steel is required to prevent corrosion or damage during the construction process.

[0043] IV. Side Wall Installation and Verticality Adjustment

[0044] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the channel steel 9 is installed and fixed on the top of the precast side wall 7 with bolts 11. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the bolts 11 are tightened so that the channel steel 9 is tightly connected to the precast side wall 7. The bolts 11 are usually high-strength bolts, with good tensile and shear resistance, and can withstand various loads during subsequent construction and use. During the installation process, the tightening torque of the bolts needs to be strictly controlled to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection. The bearing-type bolts 4 are used to connect the turnbuckles 5 in the lug connection holes 15, and the length of the turnbuckle bolts is adjusted by adjusting the turnbuckle locking nuts 6, thereby adjusting the verticality of the side wall. During the adjustment process, professional measuring instruments such as total stations and levels can be used to monitor the verticality of the side wall in real time to ensure that the adjustment accuracy meets the design requirements. The turnbuckles 5 are usually made of high-strength steel, with good tensile and compressive resistance, and can withstand various loads during subsequent construction and use. During the adjustment process, the tightening torque of the locking nuts of the turnbuckle bolts needs to be strictly controlled to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection.

[0045] V. Construction of the Cast-in-Place Part of the Side Wall and Removal of the Device

[0046] After the verticality adjustment of the side wall is completed, the cast-in-place concrete part 8 of the side wall is poured. During the pouring process, attention should be paid to controlling the concrete mix ratio, pouring speed, and vibration quality to ensure that the strength and quality of the cast-in-place part meet the design requirements. The concrete mix ratio needs to be adjusted according to the design requirements to ensure good fluidity and strength. The pouring speed needs to be controlled within a reasonable range to avoid concrete segregation or air bubble generation due to too fast pouring speed. The vibration quality needs to be strictly controlled to ensure that the concrete density and strength meet the design requirements. After the cast-in-place concrete reaches a certain strength, the bolts 11, turnbuckle rods 5, and turnbuckle lock nuts 6 can be removed, and then the channel steel 9 can be removed. After inspection and maintenance, the removed channel steel 9, turnbuckle rods 5, and turnbuckle lock nuts 6 can be reused in the subsequent installation of precast side walls. During the removal process, the removal sequence and method need to be strictly controlled to ensure the safety and reliability of the removal process. At the same time, the removed components need to be inspected and maintained to ensure their performance and reliability during subsequent use.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications or equivalent replacements can still be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground prefabricated side wall installation device, characterized in that It includes an enclosure structure (1), precast side walls (7), channel steel, and turnbuckle assemblies; embedded parts (2) are provided in the enclosure structure (1), and reserved ear plates (3) are provided on the embedded parts (2). Bolt sleeves (10) are embedded at the top of the precast side walls (7); the channel steel (9) has a web and flanges, and bolt holes (12) corresponding to the positions of the bolt sleeves (10) one by one are provided on the channel steel (9). Bolts (11) pass through the bolt holes (12) and are connected to the bolt sleeves (10) to fix the channel steel (9) at the top of the precast side walls (7); an ear plate (13) is provided between the flanges and the web of the channel steel (9), and the ear plate (13) and the reserved ear plate (3) correspond to each other in the cross-sectional direction of the precast side walls (7). Both ends of the turnbuckle assembly are connected to the ear plate (13) and the reserved ear plate (3) respectively through bearing bolts (4); The turnbuckle assembly includes a turnbuckle rod (5) and a turnbuckle locking nut (6). By adjusting the turnbuckle locking nut (6), the distance between the top of the precast side walls (7) and the enclosure structure (1) is adjusted, and thus the verticality of the side walls is adjusted; the channel steel (9), turnbuckle rod (5), and turnbuckle locking nut (6) can be reused.

2. The underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 1, wherein, Stiffening ribs (14) are also provided on the flanges of the channel steel, and the ear plate (13) and the stiffening ribs (14) are welded to the web and flanges of the channel steel respectively.

3. The underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Ear plate connection holes (15) are provided in both the ear plate (13) and the reserved ear plate (3), and the turnbuckle rod (5) is connected to the ear plate connection holes (15) through bearing bolts (4).

4. A construction method of the underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Embedded parts (2) are provided in the underground enclosure structure (1), and reserved ear plates (3) are reserved on the embedded parts (2); S2. Bolt sleeves (10) are embedded at the top of the precast side walls (7). According to the installation position of the channel steel (9), bolt holes (12) are provided at the web (16) of the channel steel. The positions of the bolt sleeves (10) correspond to the positions of the bolt holes (12) one by one. An ear plate (13) and stiffening ribs (14) are provided between the flanges and the web of the channel steel. The ear plate (13) and the stiffening ribs (14) are connected to the web and flanges of the channel steel by welding respectively, and at the same time, it is ensured that the reserved ear plate (3) and the ear plate (13) correspond to each other in the cross-sectional direction of the precast side walls (7); S3. The channel steel (9) is installed and fixed at the top of the precast side walls (7) with bolts (11). Ear plate connection holes (15) are provided in the reserved ear plate (3) and the ear plate (13). The turnbuckle rod (5) is connected to the ear plate connection holes (15) through bearing bolts (4). The length of the turnbuckle is adjusted by the turnbuckle locking nut (6) to adjust the verticality of the side walls; S4. Then, casting is carried out outside the precast side walls (7) to form a cast-in-place concrete part (8). After the cast-in-place concrete part (8) reaches a certain strength, the bolts (11), turnbuckle rod (5), and turnbuckle locking nut (6) are removed, and the channel steel (9) is removed. The channel steel (9), turnbuckle rod (5), and turnbuckle locking nut (6) can be reused.

5. The construction method of the underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step of pre-burying the bolt sleeve (10) at the top of the precast side wall (7), a special positioning mold is used to ensure the position accuracy of the bolt sleeve.

6. The construction method of the underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The welding method is one or several of resistance welding, laser welding, arc welding, and electron beam welding.

7. The construction method of the underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, in the step of adjusting the verticality of the side wall by adjusting the length of the turnbuckle bolt through the turnbuckle lock nut (6), total stations and levels, these professional measuring instruments, are used to monitor the verticality of the side wall in real time.

8. The construction method of the underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4, during the process of pouring concrete, the mix ratio, pouring speed, and vibration quality of the concrete are strictly controlled.

9. The construction method of the underground prefabricated side wall installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Inspect and maintain the channel steel (9), turnbuckle screw (5), and turnbuckle lock nut (6) after demolition.

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