A modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls, which has two precast composite shear walls arranged side by side. The precast composite shear wall comprises a precast wall body and edge members. The edge members at one end are precast together with the precast wall body, and the edge members at the other end extend in an L shape. A shear wall in-situ casting area is provided at the position where the L-shaped extended edge member is perpendicular to the precast wall body. There is a connection gap between the precast wall bodies of the two precast composite shear walls, and the shear wall in-situ casting area is communicated with the connection gap. The L-shaped extended edge members of the two precast composite shear walls are connected into one body through the connection of the concrete in the shear wall in-situ casting area. The connection at the double shear wall position of the present invention is better, which ensures the connection toughness while ensuring the connection strength, enables the connection between module units to have certain seismic performance, and under the action of horizontal seismic loads, the stiffness between module units is not too large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of modular buildings, and particularly relates to a modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls. Background Art

[0002] Modular building is a new type of building structure system. In this system, each room is used as a modular unit, which is prefabricated in a factory, transported to the site after completion, and assembled into an integral building through reliable connection methods.

[0003] In modular buildings, the connection performance between modular units has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the entire structure. If the connection is not good, it may lead to the disconnection between structural modules, affecting the function of modular buildings during normal use. At the same time, we also hope that modular buildings have certain seismic resistance performance. Under the action of horizontal seismic loads, the stiffness of the modules should not be too large (too large will lead to a sudden change in structural stiffness, which is not conducive to seismic resistance).

[0004] This involves the connection of shear walls between modular units. For example, a precast concrete modular building with efficient construction disclosed in a Chinese patent application with the application number CN202411761788.8, although it has the practice of leaving a partial in-situ casting area in the shear wall, only a part of the thin shell of the shear wall body is precast, and most of it needs to be cast on-site. It is basically a cast-in-situ shear wall. The on-site wet operation workload is large. After casting on-site, it is a complete shear wall, rather than the connection of two precast shear walls. Their focus is on providing out-of-plane stiffness and bearing capacity for modular shear walls by setting vertical concrete ribs and truss bars on the outer shell, solving the problems of wall cracking and formwork bulging during transportation, installation, and on-site construction, and not solving the connection problem between precast shear walls.

[0005] Therefore, a modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls of the present invention is designed, focusing on solving the connection problem at the precast shear walls between modular units. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls, in which the connection at the double shear wall position between modular units is better.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A modular building system with partially cast-in-place shear walls is characterized in that it has two prefabricated composite shear walls arranged in parallel, the prefabricated composite shear walls comprising a prefabricated wall body and edge components arranged at both ends of the prefabricated wall body, wherein the edge component at one end is prefabricated together with the prefabricated wall body, and the edge component at the other end is an L-shaped extension, a shear wall cast-in-place area is provided at a position perpendicular to the prefabricated wall body of the L-shaped extension edge component, a steel bar portion of the prefabricated composite shear wall is located in the shear wall cast-in-place area, a connecting gap is provided between the prefabricated wall bodies of the two prefabricated composite shear walls, the shear wall cast-in-place areas of the two prefabricated composite shear walls are connected to each other and are connected to the connecting gap, the shear wall cast-in-place area and the connecting gap are cast with concrete on site together, and the L-shaped extension edge components of the two prefabricated composite shear walls are connected as a whole through the connection of the concrete in the shear wall cast-in-place area.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the L-shaped extended edge member is provided with a prefabricated side panel perpendicular to the prefabricated wall body, and the entire outer edge position of the prefabricated side panel is used as a cast-in-place area of ​​the shear wall.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the corners of the L-shaped extended edge components are concave to form a cast-in-place shear wall area.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is that cast-in-place area stirrups and cast-in-place area vertical stirrups are provided in the cast-in-place area of ​​the shear wall.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: at least one vertically-length embedded steel pipe is provided at the edge member of the prefabricated composite shear wall, post-inserted steel bars are inserted into the embedded steel pipe, grouting material is filled in the embedded steel pipe, and the upper part of the post-inserted steel bars extends to the outside for insertion into the embedded steel pipe of the upper prefabricated composite shear wall for connection.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is: a plurality of slurry outlet holes arranged at intervals along the height direction are provided at the lower end of the prefabricated composite shear wall corresponding to the position of the embedded steel pipe, the inner ends of the slurry outlet holes penetrate the embedded steel pipe, thereby being connected with the interior of the embedded steel pipe, and the outer ends of the slurry outlet holes are located on one side wall of the prefabricated composite shear wall.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the wall surface where the outer end of the slurry outlet hole is located is the wall surface connecting the side edges of the gap.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is: a shear key and a positioning groove are respectively provided in the middle of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated composite shear wall, the shapes of the shear key and the positioning groove are adapted to each other, and the shear key is inserted into the positioning groove when the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls are butt-jointed.

[0016] A further technical solution of the present invention is: a shear key and a positioning groove are respectively provided in the middle of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated composite shear wall, the length of the shear key and the depth of the positioning groove are greater than the length of the rear inserted steel bar inserted into the embedded steel pipe of the upper prefabricated composite shear wall, the upper end shape of the shear key and the inner end shape of the positioning groove are matched, and the shear key is cooperated and inserted into the positioning groove when the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls are butt-jointed.

[0017] A further technical solution of the present invention is: a grouting hole is provided on the prefabricated composite shear wall, and the grouting hole is connected to the positioning groove. After the upper and lower layers of the prefabricated composite shear walls are positioned and installed, grouting is performed in the grouting hole, and the poured grouting material fills the gap between the positioning groove and the shear key and the gap between the upper and lower layers of the prefabricated composite shear walls.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is: a corrugated pipe arranged along the length direction is pre-embedded at the upper end of the prefabricated wall body, and a vertical alignment steel bar extending downward is provided at the corresponding position of the lower end of the prefabricated wall body. When the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls are butt-jointed, the vertical alignment steel bars are correspondingly inserted into the corrugated pipe, and the corrugated pipe is filled with grouting material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The wall body of the prefabricated composite shear wall of the present invention is prefabricated as a whole, and a connecting gap is provided between the prefabricated wall bodies of the two prefabricated composite shear walls, which are connected by cast-in-place concrete in the connecting gap. In addition, a shear wall cast-in-place area is provided at a position perpendicular to the prefabricated wall body of the L-shaped extended edge member of the prefabricated composite shear wall, and the L-shaped extended edge members of the two prefabricated composite shear walls are connected as a whole by connecting the concrete of the shear wall cast-in-place area, thereby ensuring the connection toughness and connection strength between the prefabricated composite shear walls, so that the connection between the module units has a certain seismic resistance, and under the action of horizontal seismic loads, the stiffness between the module units is not too large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the plan structure of a modular building system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between two prefabricated composite shear walls in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the connection structure between two prefabricated composite shear walls according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between two prefabricated composite shear walls in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5It is an elevation view when the upper and lower precast composite shear walls in Embodiment 3 of the present invention are butt - jointed;

[0026] Figure 6 It is an elevation view when the upper and lower precast composite shear walls in Embodiment 4 of the present invention are butt - jointed.

[0027] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0028] 100 - precast composite shear wall; 101 - precast wall body; 102 - straight - extending edge member; 103 - L - shaped - extending edge member; 104 - precast side plate; 105 - cast - in - place area of shear wall; 106 - connection gap; 107 - corrugated pipe; 108 - horizontal reinforcement of wall body; 109 - vertical reinforcement of wall body; 110 - embedded steel pipe; 111 - post - inserted steel bar; 112 - anchor bolt; 113 - stirrup of edge member; 114 - tie bar of edge member; 115 - grout outlet hole; 116 - vertical reinforcement of edge member; 117 - vertical stirrup in cast - in - place area; 118 - stirrup in cast - in - place area; 119 - shear key; 120 - positioning groove; 121 - grouting hole; 200 - corridor. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that for the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more. Understanding of greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. does not include the present number, and understanding of above, below, within, etc. includes the present number. If there is a description of first and second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above - mentioned words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] As Figure 1The modular building system with partial in-situ cast shear walls according to this embodiment is shown. It includes multiple module units, specifically module units M-1L and M-1R symmetrically arranged, module units M-2L and M-2R symmetrically arranged, module units M-3L and M-3R symmetrically arranged, and module units M-4L and M-4R symmetrically arranged. There is a corridor 200 between the upper and lower module units. The connection between the two ends of module unit M-1R and M-2L and the connection between the two ends of module unit M-3R and M-4L involve the connection between the precast composite shear walls 100 of two module units, that is, the connection of double shear walls. This is the innovative point of the present invention. The specific structure at this position is as follows:

[0035] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, this embodiment has two precast composite shear walls 100 arranged side by side. The precast composite shear wall 100 includes a precast wall body 101 and edge members provided at both ends of the precast wall body 101. Of course, vertical wall body steel bars 109, horizontal wall body steel bars 108, etc. will be arranged in the precast wall body according to project requirements, and vertical edge member steel bars 116, edge member stirrups 113, edge member tie bars 114, etc. will be arranged in the edge members according to project requirements. They are connected to each other to form a steel bar framework inside the precast composite shear wall 100.

[0036] Among them, the edge member at one end extends linearly. The linearly extending edge member 102 is precast together with the precast wall body 101. The edge member at the other end extends in an L shape. A part of the L-shaped extending edge member 103 is precast together with the precast wall body 101, and the other part is cast in-situ. The parts of the L-shaped extending edge members 103 of the two precast composite shear walls 100 perpendicular to the precast wall body 101 extend towards the opposite sides respectively.

[0037] The L-shaped extending edge member 103 of this embodiment is provided with a precast side plate 104 perpendicular to the precast wall body 101. The precast side plate 104 is precast in the factory together with the precast wall body 101. The entire outer edge position of the precast side plate 104 is used as the shear wall in-situ casting area 105. Part of the steel bars at the edge members of the precast composite shear wall 100 are located in the shear wall in-situ casting area 105. The shear wall in-situ casting areas 105 between the two precast composite shear walls 100 are connected. There is a connection gap 106 between the precast wall bodies 101 of the two precast composite shear walls 100. The shear wall in-situ casting area 105 is connected to the connection gap 106. Concrete is cast on-site in the shear wall in-situ casting area 105 and the connection gap 106 together. Through the connection of the concrete in the shear wall in-situ casting area 105, the L-shaped extending edge members 103 of the two precast composite shear walls 100 are connected into one body, thus ensuring the toughness of the two precast composite shear walls 100 while ensuring the connection strength.

[0038] In this embodiment, a vertically-lengthened embedded steel pipe 110 is provided at the edge member of the prefabricated composite shear wall 100. Specifically, two embedded steel pipes 110 are provided on the linearly extending edge member 102, and one embedded steel pipe 110 is provided on the L-shaped extending edge member 103. The embedded steel pipe 110 used in this embodiment has an outer diameter of 80 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm, and anchor nails 112 are provided on the outer wall of the embedded steel pipe 110.

[0039] The embedded steel pipe 110 is inserted with a post-insertion steel bar 111, and the embedded steel pipe 110 is filled with grouting material, and the post-insertion steel bar 111 is connected by the grouting material. The post-insertion steel bar 111 can be set throughout the length, or it can be inserted only into the upper end of the embedded steel pipe 110. The upper part of the post-insertion steel bar 111 extends upward to the outer side of the upper end of the embedded steel pipe 110, and the extended part of the post-insertion steel bar 111 is used to be inserted into the embedded steel pipe 110 of the upper prefabricated composite shear wall 100 for connection, so as to realize the connection of the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls 100. The diameter of the post-insertion steel bar 111 used in this embodiment is 28 mm.

[0040] However, according to the existing problems of the grouting sleeve technology, when grouting the embedded steel pipe 110, the grouting is often not dense, resulting in poor grouting quality, thus affecting the connection force performance. In order to solve this problem, in this embodiment, a plurality of grouting holes 115 arranged at a certain interval along the height direction are provided at the position of the embedded steel pipe 110 corresponding to the lower end of the prefabricated composite shear wall 100. The inner end of the grouting hole 115 penetrates the embedded steel pipe 110, thereby communicating with the interior of the embedded steel pipe 110. The outer end of the grouting hole 115 is located on one side of the prefabricated composite shear wall 100, which is the wall on the side of the connecting gap 106, that is, the interior of the embedded steel pipe 110 is connected with the connecting gap 106. During the grouting process, the slurry is poured into the embedded steel pipe 110 from top to bottom. Due to the existence of the lower grouting hole 115, if all the grouting holes 115 along the height can smoothly discharge slurry, it means that the grouting is dense. At the same time, since the grouting hole 115 is connected to the connecting gap 106, the gushing grouting material can serve as a filling material to fill the connecting gap 106 between the two prefabricated composite shear walls 100, and it also has a certain density. In this way, it not only ensures the density of the grouting material in the embedded steel pipe, but also ensures that the connecting gap 106 between the two prefabricated composite shear walls 100 is filled. The two shear walls are well bonded, which increases the integrity of the double wall system and thus improves the seismic performance.

[0041] In this embodiment, a plurality of corrugated pipes 107 ( Figures 2 to 4Only one corrugated pipe 107 is schematically shown in the figure. The number of corrugated pipes 107 is adjusted according to the length of the precast composite shear wall 100. If the precast composite shear wall 100 is relatively long, the corrugated pipes 107 should be arranged at intervals of 1 m. When the precast composite shear wall 100 is relatively short, the number of corrugated pipes 107 should not be less than 1. At the corresponding position at the lower end of the precast wall body 101, there are vertically extending alignment steel bars. When the upper and lower precast composite shear walls 100 are butted, the vertically extending alignment steel bars are correspondingly inserted into the corrugated pipes 107, and the corrugated pipes 107 are filled with grouting material. The embedded corrugated pipes 107 are to ensure that when the precast composite shear wall 100 is relatively long, the vertical connection of the upper and lower precast composite shear walls 100 in the middle area of the wall is good (the connection between the upper and lower shear walls is mainly through the post-inserted steel bars 111 in the embedded steel pipes 110 in the edge members, but some measures are also required for centering installation and structural connection in the middle area). At the same time, the corrugated pipes 107 can also help to a certain extent with the centering and positioning installation problems of the upper and lower precast composite shear walls 100 on both sides at the construction site (if the shear wall is too long, centering will become troublesome, and if there is a combination of corrugated pipes and the vertical steel bars of the wall body, the centering work will become easier). The outer diameter of the corrugated pipes 107 used in this embodiment is 100 mm.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the position of the cast-in-place area of the shear wall. As Figure 4 shown, at the corner of the L-shaped extended edge member 103 in Embodiment 2, a rectangular cast-in-place area 105 of the shear wall is formed by concave inward, and cast-in-place area stirrups 118 and cast-in-place area vertical stirrups 117 are arranged in the cast-in-place area 105 of the shear wall.

[0044] Embodiment 3:

[0045] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, in the third embodiment, shear keys 119 and positioning grooves 120 are respectively provided in the middle of the upper and lower ends of the precast composite shear wall 100. The length of the shear key 119 and the depth of the positioning groove 120 are both greater than the length of the post-inserted steel bar 111 inserted into the embedded steel pipe 110 of the upper-layer precast composite shear wall 100. In this way, during the positioning and installation process of the upper and lower-layer precast composite shear walls 100, the insertion of the post-inserted steel bar 111 can be accurately aligned, making the alignment easier. The cross-sectional dimension of the shear key 119 is smaller than that of the positioning groove 120, but the shape of the upper end of the shear key 119 is adapted to the shape of the inner end of the positioning groove 120, which can be a conical shape or a frustum shape. During the positioning and installation process of the upper and lower-layer precast composite shear walls 100, as long as the upper-layer precast composite shear wall aligns the notch of the positioning groove 120 with the shear key 119 protruding from the lower-layer precast composite shear wall, it can continue to be installed downward. During this process, the shear key 119 will fit more and more closely to the positioning groove 120 (with some gaps). By the end of the installation, the post-inserted steel bar 111 will automatically align with the orifice of the corresponding embedded steel pipe 110, achieving the effect of automatic positioning. The shear key 119 can not only assist in the connection between the upper and lower-layer precast composite shear walls 100, but also bear a certain degree of shear stress when subjected to horizontal loads.

[0046] Moreover, a grouting hole 121 is provided on the precast composite shear wall 100, and the grouting hole 121 communicates with the positioning groove 120. After the upper and lower-layer precast composite shear walls 100 are positioned and installed, grouting needs to be carried out in the grouting hole 121. The grouted slurry will enter the gaps between the positioning groove 120 and the shear key 119 and between the upper and lower-layer precast composite shear walls 100 to fill the gaps, making them fit more closely and having better integrity. In this way, the shear key 119 can better play its shear resistance role.

[0047] The shear key 119 is made of a steel plate, and the lower end of the shear key 119 is anchored into the precast composite shear wall 100.

[0048] The fourth embodiment:

[0049] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, in the fourth embodiment, shear keys 119 and positioning grooves 120 are respectively provided in the middle of the upper and lower ends of the precast composite shear wall 100. The shapes of the shear key 119 and the positioning groove 120 are adapted to each other, which can be a conical shape or a frustum shape. However, the lengths of the shear key 119 and the positioning groove 120 in the fourth embodiment are shorter than those in the third embodiment. The shear key 119 and the positioning groove 120 in the fourth embodiment only play a role in centering the upper and lower-layer precast composite shear walls 100 in terms of geometric position and cannot play the role of accurately aligning the post-inserted steel bar 111 like the third embodiment.

[0050] In the fourth embodiment, grouting holes 121 are also provided on the precast composite shear wall 100, and the grouting holes 121 communicate with the positioning grooves 120. After the upper and lower precast composite shear walls 100 are positioned and installed, grouting needs to be carried out in the grouting holes 121, and the grouted slurry will enter the gaps between the positioning grooves 120 and the shear keys 119 and between the upper and lower precast composite shear walls 100 to fill the gaps, making them fit better and having better integrity, so that the shear keys 119 can play a better shear resistance role.

[0051] The above embodiments of the present invention do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. The implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto. All kinds of modifications, substitutions or changes made to the above structure of the present invention according to the above content of the present invention, in accordance with the common general knowledge and conventional means in the art, without departing from the above basic technical idea of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls, characterized in that: The invention relates to a prefabricated composite shear wall having two parallel arranged prefabricated wall bodies, wherein the prefabricated composite shear wall comprises a prefabricated wall body and edge components arranged at both ends of the prefabricated wall body, wherein the edge component at one end is prefabricated together with the prefabricated wall body, and the edge component at the other end is L-shaped extension, and a shear wall cast-in-place area is arranged at a position perpendicular to the prefabricated wall body of the L-shaped extension edge component, and a steel bar portion of the prefabricated composite shear wall is located in the shear wall cast-in-place area, and a connecting gap is provided between the prefabricated wall bodies of the two prefabricated composite shear walls, and the shear wall cast-in-place areas of the two prefabricated composite shear walls are connected to each other and are connected to the connecting gap at the same time, and the shear wall cast-in-place area and the connecting gap are cast with concrete on site together, and the L-shaped extension edge components of the two prefabricated composite shear walls are connected as a whole through the connection of the concrete of the shear wall cast-in-place area; The L-shaped extending edge member is provided with a prefabricated side panel perpendicular to the prefabricated wall body, and the entire outer edge position of the prefabricated side panel serves as the cast-in-place area of ​​the shear wall.

2. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one vertically-lengthened embedded steel pipe is provided at the edge member of the prefabricated composite shear wall, a post-inserted steel bar is inserted into the embedded steel pipe, the embedded steel pipe is filled with grouting material, and the upper part of the post-inserted steel bar extends to the outside for insertion into the embedded steel pipe of the upper prefabricated composite shear wall for connection.

3. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the prefabricated composite shear wall is provided with a plurality of slurry outlet holes arranged at intervals along the height direction corresponding to the position of the embedded steel pipe. The inner ends of the slurry outlet holes penetrate the embedded steel pipe, thereby being connected with the interior of the embedded steel pipe. The outer ends of the slurry outlet holes are located on one side wall of the prefabricated composite shear wall.

4. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wall surface where the outer end of the slurry outlet hole is located is the wall surface on the side of the connecting gap.

5. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle parts of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated composite shear wall are respectively provided with a shear key and a positioning groove, the shapes of the shear key and the positioning groove are adapted to each other, and the shear key is inserted into the positioning groove when the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls are butt-jointed.

6. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 2, characterized in that: A shear key and a positioning groove are respectively provided in the middle of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated composite shear wall. The length of the shear key and the depth of the positioning groove are greater than the length of the rear-inserted steel bar inserted into the embedded steel pipe of the upper prefabricated composite shear wall. The shape of the upper end of the shear key is matched with the shape of the inner end of the positioning groove. When the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls are butt-jointed, the shear key is cooperatively inserted into the positioning groove.

7. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The prefabricated composite shear wall is provided with grouting holes, which are connected with the positioning grooves. After the upper and lower layers of the prefabricated composite shear walls are positioned and installed, grouting is performed in the grouting holes, and the poured grouting material will fill the gap between the positioning groove and the shear key and the gap between the upper and lower layers of the prefabricated composite shear walls.

8. The modular building system with partial in-situ casting of shear walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: A corrugated pipe arranged along the length direction is embedded in the upper end of the prefabricated wall body, and a vertical alignment steel bar extending downward is provided at a corresponding position of the lower end of the prefabricated wall body. When the upper and lower prefabricated composite shear walls are butt-jointed, the vertical alignment steel bars are correspondingly inserted into the corrugated pipe, and the corrugated pipe is filled with grouting material.

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