Lightweight high-performance building form

Abstract

The application provides a light high-performance building template, and relates to the technical field of building templates, which comprises a sandwich layer, the outer surface of the sandwich layer is provided with a buffer layer, the outer surface of the buffer layer is provided with a reinforcing layer, the raw material of the sandwich layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementitious material, wood material and a first additive, the raw material of the buffer layer comprises fiber material, and the raw material of the reinforcing layer comprises polyethylene, nano-iron and a second additive. The building template has the advantages of strong mechanical properties, good thermal stability, convenient use and recyclability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building templates, and particularly relates to a light high-performance building template. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the upgrading and development of the new building industry, the requirements of the building industry on material performance are gradually increasing. As a commonly used tool type material in civil construction, the main performance indicators and economic costs of the building template are related to the forming quality of the concrete and the benefits of the enterprise. The commonly used building templates at present include glued wood templates, aluminum alloy templates, steel templates and polymer templates. The cost of the glued wood templates and the polymer templates is relatively low, but the number of recyclable times and the forming effect are greatly affected by temperature; the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy templates and the steel templates are relatively good, but the economic cost is high and the templates need to be customized. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above prior art, the present application provides a light high-performance building template, which has the advantages of strong mechanical properties, good thermal stability, convenient use and recyclability, and is suitable for industrialization and popularization.

[0004] The light high-performance building template provided by the present application comprises a sandwich layer, the outer surface of the sandwich layer is provided with a buffer layer, the outer surface of the buffer layer is provided with a reinforcing layer, the raw material of the sandwich layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementitious material, wood material and first additive, the raw material of the buffer layer comprises fiber material, and the raw material of the reinforcing layer comprises polyethylene, nano-iron and second additive.

[0005] Preferably, the polyethylene terephthalate is 40-50% by mass percentage, the inorganic cementitious material is 30-40% by mass percentage, and the wood material is 10-30% by mass percentage.

[0006] Preferably, the polyethylene terephthalate is polyethylene terephthalate-1,4-cyclohexane dimethyl ester, which has high strength and thermal stability, and can be well integrated with inorganic cementitious materials; the inorganic cementitious material is at least one of sulphoaluminate cement, high-alumina cement and magnesium phosphate cement, which can improve the mechanical properties and integrity of the sandwich layer structure, the metal ions in the inorganic cementitious material can modify the wood material to improve its adhesion and volume stability after water absorption, and the inorganic cementitious material also has strong cementation effect on the resin material; the wood material is trunk powder of at least one of poplar and pine, the average particle size of the wood material is 0.5-1.0 mm, the wood material can improve the water absorption rate of the building template and increase the roughness of the concrete surface, which is convenient for subsequent plastering and other processes; the first additive includes silane coupling agent, lubricant and defoaming master batch.

[0007] Preferably, the silane coupling agent is at least one of KH560 and KH580, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-0.8% of the amount of the inorganic cementitious material; the lubricant is at least one of epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene, the amount of the lubricant is 1.2-1.7% of the amount of the polyethylene terephthalate; the defoaming master batch is a composite defoaming master batch, and the amount of the defoaming master batch is 2.5-3.5% of the amount of the polyethylene terephthalate.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the sandwich layer comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: The polyethylene terephthalate is stirred at 100°C until dry, then put into a vibrating screen to form a powder body with a fineness less than 50 mesh;

[0010] Step 2: The wood material is dried at 150°C to maintain a water content of 8-10%, then crushed and sieved to form a crushed body with a particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm;

[0011] Step 3: The silane coupling agent, the crushed body of step 2 and the inorganic cementitious material are put into a mixing device according to the designed proportion, and water is added to the inorganic cementitious material at a proportion of 40% to form a mixture;

[0012] Step 4: The lubricant, the defoaming master batch, the mixture of step 3 and the powder body of step 1 are put into a mixing device to be mixed and plasticized at 100°C, and the mixing device stops stirring when the powder body and the mixture are uniformly mixed and become soft mass;

[0013] Step 5: The mass of the body in step 4 is placed in a molding device, and after being formed under a pressure of 3-4 MPa, it is naturally cooled for 12-24 hours to form a sandwich layer with a thickness of 12-14 mm and an average weight of 5.0-6.0 Kg / m2.

[0014] Preferably, the fiber material is at least one of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, a graphite fiber, and a carbon fiber material, which can be tightly combined with the polyethylene resin material, the average diameter of the fiber material is 2 mm, and the average tensile strength is 2000-2500 MPa; the buffer layer is attached to the surface of the sandwich layer in a winding form and is continuously arranged in the length and width directions with an average spacing of 0.5 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the buffer layer is tightly attached to the surface of the sandwich layer through the gelation of the inorganic cementing material. The buffer layer can improve the bending strength of the sandwich layer and reduce the influence of the hydration heat of the concrete on the sandwich layer.

[0016] Preferably, the polyethylene is 60-70% and the nano-iron is 30-40% by mass percentage. The nano-iron improves the bending strength, bending elastic modulus, nail holding force of the formwork, the convenience of installation and removal of the formwork reinforcement, and increases the thermal conductivity and thermal stability of the formwork.

[0017] Preferably, the polyethylene is low-density polyethylene, which has stronger mechanical properties after being combined with the nano-iron; the main component of the nano-iron is ferroferric oxide, the nano-iron is in the form of black silk powder, at least one of 20 nm and 50 nm specifications, and the content is 99.9%; the second additive includes a silane coupling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and a color master batch; the silane coupling agent is at least one of KH550, KH560, and KH580, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-0.8% of the amount of the nano-iron, the ultraviolet absorber is at least one of UV531 and UVT150, the amount of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.3-0.6% of the amount of the polyethylene, and the amount of the color master batch is 0.3-0.5% of the amount of the polyethylene.

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of the reinforcing layer includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: The nano-iron and the silane coupling agent are put into a high-heat mixer according to the designed ratio, dried at 100°C, and uniformly mixed to form a mixture;

[0020] Step 2: The high-pressure polyethylene is placed in a high-heat mixer and stirred uniformly, and then sieved through a vibrating screen to form a powder body with a fineness of less than 50 mesh;

[0021] Step 3: After the ultraviolet absorber, color master batch, mixture of step 1 and powder of step 2 are uniformly mixed, they are jointly put into a mixing device, and after 15-20 min of temperature mixing and plasticization, a plastic-like reinforced layer substrate is formed;

[0022] Step 4: The reinforced layer substrate of step 3 is put into an extrusion device, and after an extrusion process, a surface layer structure with a thickness of 0.5 mm is formed, which is tightly bonded with the buffer layer and wrapped on the surface of the sandwich layer; after the reinforced layer substrate cools down, a lightweight high-performance building formwork is formed. The reinforced layer not only has high strength, but also can be tightly combined with the fiber material of the buffer layer, and can improve the nail holding force of the formwork and quickly conduct the hydration heat of concrete.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application provides a lightweight high-performance building formwork, which comprises a sandwich layer, a buffer layer and a reinforced layer structure. The average weight of the lightweight high-performance building formwork is 5.3-6.3 Kg / ㎡, which is 65-75% of the traditional wood formwork and the polymer formwork, and 50-55% of the aluminum alloy formwork. At the same time, the formwork meets the bending strength greater than 70 MPa, the bending elastic modulus greater than 4500 MPa, the surface hardness greater than 75 H D , the unnotched impact strength greater than 30 KJ / ㎡, which is suitable for large volume and high strength concrete construction, and the main mechanical indicators are significantly better than ordinary wood formwork and polymer formwork, and basically comparable to aluminum alloy formwork. The lightweight high-performance building formwork has strong thermal stability and suitable thermal conductivity, the size change rate after heating is less than 0.05%, the vicat softening point is greater than 185℃, the thermal conductivity is 30-60 W / (m·K), and the water absorption is 3.5-6.0%, which can effectively reduce the smoothness of the concrete surface, improve the surface adhesion, and facilitate the plastering process.

[0024] On the other hand, the formwork is prepared by polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementing material and wood material to prepare the sandwich layer, which has a certain water absorption on the basis of ensuring the strength of the formwork, effectively reducing the smoothness of the concrete surface, facilitating the subsequent plastering process and the like. At the same time, the fiber material is wound as a buffer layer, which not only improves the bending strength of the sandwich layer, but also absorbs heat, reduces the influence of the hydration heat of concrete on the reinforced layer and the sandwich layer. At the same time, the buffer layer can be tightly combined with the polyethylene material of the reinforced layer. The reinforced layer not only improves the bending strength of the formwork, but also protects the sandwich layer. On the other hand, the reinforced layer has strong thermal conductivity, which can reduce the influence of the hydration heat of concrete on the quality of the formed member, and the reinforced layer can improve the nail holding force and the installation convenience of the reinforcing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application is further described below in combination with specific examples.

[0026] Embodiment 1: A light-weight high-performance building template, comprising a sandwich layer, the outer surface of the sandwich layer is provided with a buffer layer, the outer surface of the buffer layer is provided with a reinforcing layer, the raw material of the sandwich layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementing material, wood material and first additive, the raw material of the buffer layer comprises fiber material, and the raw material of the reinforcing layer comprises polyethylene, nano-iron and second additive.

[0027] Among them, the polyethylene terephthalate is 50% by mass percentage, the inorganic cementing material is 40%, and the wood material is 10%.

[0028] Further, the polyethylene terephthalate is polyethylene terephthalate-1,4-cyclohexane dimethyl ester of model AN014; the inorganic cementing material is sulphoaluminate cement of Tai Zhi 42.5 grade; the wood material is a trunk powder body of pine trees, the average particle size of the wood material is 0.5 mm; and the first additive comprises a silane coupling agent, a lubricant and a defoaming master batch.

[0029] Further, the silane coupling agent is KH560, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.6% of the amount of the inorganic cementing material; the lubricant is epoxy resin, the amount of the lubricant is 1.3% of the amount of the polyethylene terephthalate; and the defoaming master batch is a composite defoaming master batch, the amount of the defoaming master batch is 2.5% of the amount of the polyethylene terephthalate.

[0030] Further, the preparation method of the sandwich layer comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: The polyethylene terephthalate is stirred at 100℃ until dry, then put into a vibrating screen to form a powder body with fineness less than 50 mesh;

[0032] Step 2: The wood material is dried at 150℃ to maintain a water content of 9%, then crushed and sieved to form a crushed body with a particle size of 0.6 mm;

[0033] Step 3: The silane coupling agent, the crushed body of step 2 and the inorganic cementing material are put into a mixing device according to the designed proportion, and water is added according to 40% of the amount of the inorganic cementing material to stir uniformly to form a mixture;

[0034] Step 4: The lubricant, the defoaming master batch, the mixture of step 3 and the powder body of step 1 are put into a mixing device to mix and plasticize at 100℃, and the mixer stops stirring when the powder body and the mixture are uniformly mixed and become soft mass.

[0035] Step 5: Put the mass of step 4 into the molding equipment, after forming under the pressure of 4MPa and natural cooling for 20h, the sandwich layer with thickness of 14mm and average gravity of 6.0Kg / m2 is formed.

[0036] Further, the fiber material is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber with diameter of 2mm, the average diameter of the fiber material is 2mm, and the average tensile strength is 2000-2500Mpa; the buffer layer is attached to the surface of the sandwich layer in the form of winding, and is arranged continuously along the length and width directions with average spacing of 0.5cm.

[0037] Further, the polyethylene is 60% by mass percentage, and the nano-iron is 40% by mass percentage.

[0038] The polyethylene is low-density polyethylene with model number 2426K; the main component of the nano-iron is ferroferric oxide, the nano-iron is black silk powder with specification of 20nm and content of 99.9%; the second additive agent includes silane coupling agent, ultraviolet absorber and color master batch; the silane coupling agent is KH550, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5% of the amount of the nano-iron, the ultraviolet absorber is UV531, the amount of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.6% of the amount of the polyethylene, and the amount of the color master batch is 0.5% of the amount of the polyethylene.

[0039] The preparation method of the reinforcing layer includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Put the nano-iron and the silane coupling agent together into the high-heat mixer according to the designed proportion, dry and mix uniformly under the condition of 100℃ to form a mixture;

[0041] Step 2: Put the high-pressure polyethylene into the high-heat mixer and stir uniformly, and then pass through the vibrating screen to form a powder body with fineness less than 50 mesh;

[0042] Step 3: Mix the ultraviolet absorber, the color master batch, the mixture of step 1 and the powder body of step 2 uniformly, and then put them together into the mixing equipment, and then pass through the heating mixing and plasticizing for 18min to form a plastic reinforcing layer base material;

[0043] Step 4: Put the reinforcing layer base material of step 3 into the extrusion equipment, form a surface layer structure with thickness of 0.5mm through the extrusion process, and tightly bond with the buffer layer, and then wrap on the surface of the sandwich layer; after the reinforcing layer base material is cooled, the light-weight high-performance building template is formed.

[0044] Example 2: A light-weight high-performance building template, repeat the method of example 1, adjust the proportion of polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementing material and wood material in the sandwich layer to 40%, 40% and 20% respectively, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0045] Example 3: A lightweight high-performance building template, repeating the practice of Example 1, the proportion of polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementitious material and wood material in the sandwich layer is adjusted to 50%, 30% and 20%, other conditions remain unchanged.

[0046] Example 4: A lightweight high-performance building template, repeating the practice of Example 1, the inorganic cementitious material is adjusted to 40% of Xin Hongji 42.5 grade high alumina cement, other conditions remain unchanged.

[0047] Example 5: A lightweight high-performance building template, repeating the practice of Example 1, the component of inorganic cementitious material is adjusted to 20% of Xin Hongji 42.5 grade high alumina cement and 20% of Kaisbang magnesium phosphate, other conditions remain unchanged.

[0048] Example 6: A lightweight high-performance building template, repeating the practice of Example 1, the buffer layer is cancelled, other conditions remain unchanged.

[0049] Example 7: A lightweight high-performance building template, repeating the practice of Example 1, the raw material of the buffer layer is adjusted to carbon fiber, other conditions remain unchanged.

[0050] Example 8: A lightweight high-performance building template, repeating the practice of Example 1, the reinforcing layer is adjusted to 50% of 20nm specification nano iron and 50% of model 2426K low density polyethylene, other conditions remain unchanged.

[0051] According to the standard GB / T-1043.1, the thermal conductivity, size change rate after heating, vicat softening point, surface hardness, bending elastic modulus, unnotched impact strength, bending strength, water absorption and nail holding force of the lightweight high-performance building templates obtained by Examples 1-8 are measured respectively, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0052]

[0053] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, any equivalent scheme made by using the content of the present application specification, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also within the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight high performance building form, characterised in that, The sandwich layer is provided with a buffer layer, and the outer surface of the buffer layer is provided with a reinforcing layer, the raw material of the sandwich layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, inorganic cementitious material, wood material and first additive, the raw material of the buffer layer comprises fiber material, and the raw material of the reinforcing layer comprises polyethylene, nano-iron and second additive; the first additive comprises silane coupling agent, lubricant and defoaming master batch, and the second additive comprises silane coupling agent, ultraviolet absorber and color master batch.

2. The lightweight high performance building formwork of claim 1, wherein, The polyethylene terephthalate is 40-50%, the inorganic cementitious material is 30-40%, and the wood material is 10-30% by mass percentage.

3. The lightweight high-performance building formwork of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The polyethylene terephthalate is polyethylene terephthalate-1,4-cyclohexane dimethyl ester, the inorganic cementitious material is at least one of sulphoaluminate cement, high-alumina cement and magnesium phosphate cement, and the wood material is trunk powder of at least one of poplar and pine, and the average particle size of the wood material is 0.5-1.0 mm.

4. The lightweight high performance building formwork of claim 3, wherein, The silane coupling agent is at least one of KH560 and KH580, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-0.8% of the amount of the inorganic cementitious material, the lubricant is at least one of epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene, the amount of the lubricant is 1.2-1.7% of the amount of the polyethylene terephthalate, and the defoaming master batch is a composite defoaming master batch, and the amount of the defoaming master batch is 2.5-3.5% of the amount of the polyethylene terephthalate.

5. The lightweight high performance building formwork of claim 1, wherein, The fiber material is at least one of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, graphite fiber and carbon fiber material, the average diameter of the fiber material is 2 mm, and the average tensile strength is 2000-2500 Mpa; the buffer layer is attached to the surface of the sandwich layer in the form of winding, is arranged continuously along the length and width directions, and the average spacing is 0.5 cm.

6. The lightweight high performance building formwork of claim 1, wherein, The buffer layer is closely attached to the surface of the sandwich layer through the cementation of the inorganic cementitious material.

7. The lightweight high performance building formwork of claim 1, wherein, The polyethylene is 60-70% by mass percentage, and the nano-iron is 30-40%.

8. The lightweight high performance building formwork of claim 1, wherein, The polyethylene is low-density polyethylene, the main component of the nano-iron is ferroferric oxide, the nano-iron is in the form of black silk powder, is at least one of 20 nm and 50 nm specifications, and the content is 99.9%, the silane coupling agent is at least one of KH550, KH560 and KH580, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-0.8% of the amount of the nano-iron, the ultraviolet absorber is at least one of UV531 and UVT150, the amount of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.3-0.6% of the amount of the polyethylene, and the amount of the color master batch is 0.3-0.5% of the amount of the polyethylene.

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