Shock absorber, suspension system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a shock absorber, a suspension system, and a vehicle. The shock absorber includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a heat transfer element. The second cylinder is disposed within the first cylinder, forming a third chamber therebetween. The heat transfer element is disposed within the third chamber and has a first end and a second end facing away from each other. The first end is thermally connected to the first cylinder, and the second end is thermally connected to the second cylinder. The heat transfer element minimizes the difference in operating temperature between different locations on the shock absorber, thereby improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vehicle technology, and specifically relates to a shock absorber, a suspension system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The suspension system is a key component of a vehicle, playing a vital role in improving its ride comfort. Suspension systems typically include shock absorbers, which effectively dampen vehicle vibrations, ensuring a smooth ride and enhancing comfort.

[0003] In related technologies, shock absorbers primarily attenuate vibrations by converting mechanical vibration energy into heat. However, large temperature differences often exist between different locations during operation, impacting the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to provide a shock absorber, a suspension system and a vehicle to solve the problem that a large operating temperature difference exists at different positions during the operation of the shock absorber, thereby affecting the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a shock absorber comprising: a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a heat transfer element;

[0007] The second cylinder is sleeved on the first cylinder and forms a third chamber between the second cylinder and the first cylinder;

[0008] The heat transfer element is disposed in the third chamber and has a first end and a second end facing away from each other. The first end is thermally connected to the first cylinder, and the second end is thermally connected to the second cylinder.

[0009] Optionally, the first cylinder extends in a first direction, and comprises a first chamber and a second chamber distributed along the first direction, wherein the operating temperatures of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber decrease in sequence;

[0010] The first end is thermally connected to the first cylinder at a position corresponding to the first chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the heat transfer element is a heat pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the heat transfer element includes: a body and a connecting portion;

[0013] The body has two ends facing away from each other. The connecting portion is provided at at least one end of the body. The connecting portion is thermally connected to the first cylinder or the second cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, the extension direction of the first cylinder is a first direction, the connecting portion is extended along the first direction, and the connecting portion is arranged at an angle to the main body.

[0015] Optionally, the connecting portion is arranged at an obtuse angle to the main body.

[0016] Optionally, one of the first cylinder and the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the heat transfer element, and the other one abuts against the heat transfer element.

[0017] Optionally, the fixed connection is welding.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of heat transfer elements are provided, and the plurality of heat transfer elements are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first cylinder.

[0019] Optionally, the extension direction of the first cylinder is a first direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the third chamber perpendicular to the first direction is S1;

[0020] The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of heat transfer elements in a direction perpendicular to the first direction is S2, satisfying: S2≤0.8S1.

[0021] Optionally, the first cylinder includes a third end and a fourth end facing away from each other along the first direction, the third end is close to the first chamber, and the distance between the third end and the fourth end in the first direction is a first distance a;

[0022] A distance between the first end and the third end in the first direction is a second distance b, which satisfies the following: b≤0.4a.

[0023] A distance between the second end and the fourth end in the first direction is a third distance c, which satisfies: c≤0.2a.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application also discloses a suspension system, comprising: the above-mentioned shock absorber.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present application further discloses a vehicle, comprising: the above-mentioned shock absorber or suspension system.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, a heat transfer element is provided, and the first end of the heat transfer element is thermally connected to the first cylinder, and the second end is thermally connected to the second cylinder. Thus, during the operation of the shock absorber, there is usually an operating temperature difference between the first cylinder and the second cylinder. By thermally connecting the first end of the heat transfer element to the first cylinder and the second end to the second cylinder, heat conduction between the first cylinder and the second cylinder can be achieved, thereby reducing the operating temperature difference between the first cylinder and the second cylinder. That is, the operating temperature difference between different positions of the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present application is small, thereby improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber. Furthermore, since the heat transfer element is disposed in the third chamber, it does not occupy any additional deployment space for the shock absorber, which is conducive to improving the deployment flexibility of the shock absorber.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the power indicator of the shock absorber in the related art;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a temperature rise curve diagram of a shock absorber in the related art;

[0031] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shock absorber provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer element provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the working principle of the heat pipe provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1, first cylinder; 11, first chamber; 12, second chamber; 2, second cylinder; 21, third chamber; 3, heat transfer element; 31, main body; 32, first connecting part; 33, second connecting part; 34, tube shell; 35, liquid absorption core; 4, piston head; 5, piston rod; 6, first valve group; 7, second valve group; 8, sealing assembly, X, first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly refer to one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. Furthermore, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected entities, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the connected entities.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In the related art, the shock absorber includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and a piston. The piston is arranged in the inner cylinder and divides the inner cylinder into a restoring chamber and a compression chamber distributed along its axial direction. The outer cylinder is sleeved on the inner cylinder and forms an oil storage chamber between the inner cylinder and the inner cylinder. The oil storage chamber is used to accommodate a lubricating medium (such as oil). The piston is provided with a first valve group, the end of the inner cylinder close to the compression chamber is provided with a second valve group, and the end of the inner cylinder close to the restoring chamber is provided with a sealing assembly. The sealing assembly is used to close the openings of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. During the movement of the piston, the oil flows back between the restoring chamber, the compression chamber, and the oil storage chamber, and the damping force is generated through the throttling effect of the first valve group and the second valve group, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0040] The work produced by the above damping force is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the area enclosed by the indicator power represents the energy absorbed by the shock absorber, which is converted into heat through oil friction and other effects. Assuming that the energy absorbed by the first valve group of the shock absorber is E1 and the energy absorbed by the second valve group is E2, E1 usually significantly exceeds E2, and the volume of the shock absorber's recovery chamber is small, this will cause the operating temperature of the shock absorber's recovery chamber to be higher than that of the compression chamber. Since the compression chamber can exchange oil with the oil reservoir through the second valve group, and the oil reservoir can directly exchange heat with the outside air to dissipate heat, the operating temperature of the compression chamber is higher than that of the oil reservoir. In other words, the operating temperatures of the shock absorber's recovery chamber, compression chamber, and oil reservoir usually decrease in that order.

[0041] Among them, the working temperature of the recovery cavity and the oil storage cavity under high-speed excitation is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, under 2 m / s excitation for 2 minutes, the temperature difference between the two operating locations can reach approximately 40°C, and this large temperature difference persists for a long time after the excitation is removed. This means that large temperature differences often exist and persist at different locations on the shock absorber, affecting the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides a shock absorber, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a shock absorber provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 4 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer element provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 5 , shows a working principle diagram of the heat pipe provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, the present application provides a shock absorber, comprising: a first cylinder 1, a second cylinder 2 and a heat transfer member 3; the second cylinder 2 is sleeved in the first cylinder 1 and forms a third chamber 21 with the first cylinder 1; the heat transfer member 3 is arranged in the third chamber 21, and the heat transfer member 3 has a first end and a second end that are opposite to each other, the first end is thermally connected to the first cylinder 1, and the second end is thermally connected to the second cylinder 2.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, a heat transfer element 3 is provided, and the first end of the heat transfer element 3 is thermally connected to the first cylinder 1, and the second end is thermally connected to the second cylinder 2. In this way, during the operation of the shock absorber, there is usually an operating temperature difference between the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2. By thermally connecting the first end of the heat transfer element 3 to the first cylinder 1 and the second end to the second cylinder 2, heat conduction between the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 can be achieved, thereby reducing the operating temperature difference between the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2. That is, the operating temperature difference between different positions of the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present application is small, thereby improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber. In addition, since the heat transfer element 3 is provided in the third chamber 21, it does not occupy additional deployment space of the shock absorber, which is conducive to improving the deployment flexibility of the shock absorber.

[0046] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the first cylinder 1 extends in a first direction X, includes a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12 distributed along the first direction X, and the operating temperatures of the first chamber 11, the second chamber 12, and the third chamber 21 decrease in order; the first end is thermally connected to the first cylinder 1 at a position corresponding to the first chamber 11. It should be understood that the aforementioned "operating temperatures of the first chamber 11, the second chamber 12, and the third chamber 21" refer to the temperatures of the first chamber 11, the second chamber 12, and the third chamber 21 during operation of the shock absorber.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, since the working temperature of the first chamber 11 is the highest and the working temperature of the third chamber 21 is the lowest, by thermally connecting the first end of the heat transfer element 3 to the first cylinder 1 at the corresponding position of the first chamber 11 and the second end to the second cylinder 2 corresponding to the third chamber 21, part of the heat of the first chamber 11 can be transferred to the third chamber 21, so that the working temperature of the first chamber 11 is reduced and the working temperature adaptability of the third chamber 21 is improved, thereby achieving working temperature balancing between the first chamber 11, the second chamber 12 and the third chamber 21, further reducing the working temperature difference at different positions of the shock absorber, and improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

[0048] It should be noted that the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 in the embodiment of the present application correspond to the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, respectively, in the related art. The first chamber 11, the second chamber 12, and the third chamber 21 correspond to the recovery chamber, the compression chamber, and the oil storage chamber, respectively, in the related art. Furthermore, the heat transfer element 3 in the embodiment of the present application refers to a structural component capable of heat conduction. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of heat transfer element 3, and those skilled in the art may select one based on actual needs. It is understood that the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present application reduces its maximum operating temperature through internal heat conduction (i.e., heat conduction between areas with high operating temperatures and areas with low operating temperatures), rather than by improving the external heat dissipation efficiency of the shock absorber. In other words, the external heat dissipation efficiency of the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present application is roughly the same as that of a shock absorber without the heat transfer element 3. Heat dissipation is primarily achieved through heat exchange between the outer cylinder and the outside air.

[0049] In one embodiment, the heat transfer element 3 may be a heat pipe, which is a structural element that utilizes the phase change principle to achieve efficient heat transfer. Figure 5 As shown, the heat pipe includes a tube shell 34 and a liquid wick 35. A closed accommodating chamber is formed in the tube shell 34, and the accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the working medium. The liquid wick 35 is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodating chamber. In a specific application, the heat pipe includes an evaporation end and a condensation end that are arranged in opposite directions. The evaporation end is thermally connected to the first cylinder 1 at a corresponding position of the first chamber 11, and the condensation end is thermally connected to the second cylinder 2. In this way, the working medium in the heat pipe absorbs heat and evaporates at the evaporation end, and the gaseous working medium flows to the condensation end. After releasing heat and condensing into liquid working medium at the condensation end, it flows back to the evaporation end through the capillary action of the liquid wick 35. During the continuous evaporation and condensation process of the working medium, heat is continuously transferred from the first chamber 11 to the third chamber 21, thereby reducing the operating temperature difference between the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 21, and making the operating temperatures of the first chamber 11, the second chamber 12, and the third chamber 21 balanced.

[0050] In practical applications, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first cylinder 1 is a cylindrical structure with both ends open, while the second cylinder 2 is a cylindrical structure with one end open. Specifically, taking a vertically mounted shock absorber as an example, the first cylinder 1 is open at both the upper and lower ends, while the second cylinder 2 is open at the upper end. The shock absorber also includes a piston head 4 and a piston rod 5 that are interconnected. The piston head 4 is movably connected within the first cylinder 1 to separate the first cylinder 1 into a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12. The piston rod 5 is located within the first chamber 11, and the end of the piston rod 5 facing away from the piston head 4 is used to connect to the vehicle body. The lower end of the second cylinder 2 is used to connect to the vehicle frame.

[0051] The shock absorber also includes a first valve group 6, a second valve group 7, and a sealing assembly 8. The first valve group 6 is disposed on the piston head 4 and is used to allow the lubricating medium to flow between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12. The second valve group 7 is disposed at the lower end opening of the first cylinder 1 and is used to allow the lubricating medium to flow between the second chamber 12 and the third chamber 21. The sealing assembly 8 is disposed at the upper end opening of the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2, thereby achieving a seal between the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2, and between the second cylinder 2 and the piston rod 5, thereby preventing oil leakage. It should be noted that the first valve group 6, the second valve group 7, and the sealing assembly 8 can be selected from existing products, and their specific structure and working principle are not described in detail here.

[0052] The inventors have discovered through research that, in the absence of a heat transfer element 3, since the first valve group 6 and the second valve group 7 generally use electrically controlled valves, the first valve group 6, which is in direct contact with the lubricating medium of the first chamber 11, may suffer from poor performance of the electrically controlled portion due to excessively high operating temperatures, thereby failing to achieve the desired performance. In addition, the sealing assembly 8, which is in direct contact with the lubricating medium of the first chamber 11, may fail due to excessively high operating temperatures, causing leakage of the lubricating medium and even causing the shock absorber to malfunction. The heat transfer element 3 of the embodiment of the present application can transfer part of the heat of the first chamber 11 to the third chamber 21, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the first chamber 11 and improving the working environment of the first valve group 6 and the sealing assembly 8, which is beneficial to improving the electrically controlled effect of the first valve group 6 and the sealing effect of the sealing assembly 8, thereby improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

[0053] In some optional embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heat transfer element 3 includes a body 31 and a connecting portion. The body 31 has two ends facing away from each other. The connecting portion is provided at at least one end of the body 31 and is thermally connected to the first cylinder 1 or the second cylinder 2. The provision of the connecting portion increases the thermal contact area between the heat transfer element 3 and the first cylinder 1, or between the heat transfer element 3 and the second cylinder 2, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency, reducing the temperature rise rate of the first chamber 11 and the overall operating temperature, and quickly achieving a balanced operating temperature for the entire shock absorber.

[0054] It should be noted that those skilled in the art may set the connection portion at only one end of the body 31 or at both ends of the body 31, which is not limited here. Figure 4 As shown, the connection part includes a first connection part 32 and a second connection part 33, and the first connection part 32 and the second connection part 33 are respectively arranged at both ends of the body 31, and the first connection part 32 is thermally connected to the first cylinder 1, and the second connection part 33 is thermally connected to the second cylinder 2, thereby further improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0055] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the extension direction of the first cylinder 1 is the first direction X, the connecting portion is extended along the first direction X, and the connecting portion is arranged at an angle to the main body 31. That is, the connecting portion is parallel to the first cylinder 1 or the second cylinder 2, and the main body 31 is inclined relative to the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2. In this way, on the one hand, since the connecting portion is parallel to the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2, the heat-conducting contact area between the connecting portion and the first cylinder 1, or the connecting portion and the second cylinder 2 can be further increased, thereby further improving the heat transfer efficiency. On the other hand, since the main body 31 is arranged at an angle, the heat transfer path can be shortened, the thermal resistance can be reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency can be further improved.

[0056] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the connection portion is disposed at an obtuse angle to the body 31. This, on the one hand, facilitates processing and helps reduce the difficulty of processing the heat transfer element 3. On the other hand, when the heat transfer element 3 is a heat pipe, the obtuse angle between the connection portion and the body 31 can make the working medium flow more smoothly, which helps further improve the heat transfer efficiency.

[0057] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific value of the angle between the connecting portion and the main body 31, and those skilled in the art may adjust it according to actual needs. For example, the angle between the connecting portion and the main body 31 may be 100°, 120°, 150°, or other values. In addition, to avoid stress concentration at the connection between the connecting portion and the main body 31, the connection between the connecting portion and the main body 31 may be rounded.

[0058] In some optional embodiments of the present application, one of the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the heat transfer element 3, and the other one abuts against the heat transfer element 3. In this way, the heat transfer element 3 only needs to be fixedly connected to one of the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 to achieve both the fixation of the heat transfer element 3 and the heat conduction connection with the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the heat transfer element 3.

[0059] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the manner of fixed connection, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the fixed connection is welding, that is, one of the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 is welded to the heat transfer member 3, and the other is in contact with the heat transfer member 3. Furthermore, in the case where the first cylinder 1 is welded to the heat transfer member 3 and the second cylinder 2 is in contact with the heat transfer member 3, in order to make the second cylinder 2 and the heat transfer member 3 better in contact, the heat transfer member 3 can be pre-deformed so that after the shock absorber is assembled, the heat transfer member 3 can rely on elastic force to always remain in contact with the second cylinder 2, thereby improving the heat conduction effect of the heat transfer member 3 and the second cylinder 2.

[0060] In some optional embodiments of the present application, multiple heat transfer elements 3 are provided, and the multiple heat transfer elements 3 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first cylinder 1. In this way, by arranging multiple heat transfer elements 3 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first cylinder 1, the heat transfer efficiency can be further improved, thereby quickly reducing the temperature rise rate and operating temperature of the first chamber 11, and allowing the entire shock absorber to quickly reach a state of balanced operating temperature.

[0061] It should be noted that the plurality of heat transfer elements 3 can be arranged at uniform intervals or at non-uniform intervals around the circumference of the first cylinder 1, without limitation herein, and those skilled in the art can adjust the arrangement based on actual needs. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific number of heat transfer elements 3; for example, the number of heat transfer elements 3 can be 2, 3, 5, 8, or another number.

[0062] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the first cylinder 1 extends in a first direction X, the cross-sectional area of ​​the third chamber 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is S1, and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of heat transfer elements 3 perpendicular to the first direction X is S2, satisfying the following condition: S2 ≤ 0.8S1. It is understood that the cross-sectional shape of the third chamber 21 perpendicular to the first direction X is annular.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, by limiting the sum of the cross-sectional areas S2 of the multiple heat transfer elements 3 perpendicular to the first direction X, the heat transfer efficiency is improved while obstruction of the flow of the lubricating medium is avoided. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific numerical relationship between S2 and S1. For example, S2 can be 0.8S1, 0.7S1, 0.55S1, 0.2S1, or other numerical relationships.

[0064] In some optional embodiments of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first cylinder 1 includes a third end and a fourth end facing away from each other along a first direction X. The third end is adjacent to the first chamber 11. The distance between the third and fourth ends in the first direction X is a first distance a. The distance between the first and third ends in the first direction X is a second distance b, satisfying the following condition: b ≤ 0.4a. It will be appreciated that the first distance a between the third and fourth ends in the first direction X is also the length of the first cylinder 1 in the first direction X. When the heat transfer element 3 is a heat pipe, the first end of the heat transfer element 3 is the evaporating end of the heat pipe.

[0065] Generally speaking, during the operation of the shock absorber, the overall range of the first chamber 11 fluctuates. Testing has shown that when the second spacing b between the first end of the heat transfer element 3 (i.e., the upper end of the heat transfer element 3 shown in the figure) and the third end of the first cylinder 1 (i.e., the upper end of the first cylinder 1 shown in the figure) in the first direction X is ≤ 0.4a, that is, when the first end of the heat transfer element 3 is within 40% of the length of the first cylinder 1 from top to bottom, heat transfer between the first end of the heat transfer element 3 and the first chamber 11 can be achieved under most operating conditions. This allows the shock absorber to maintain a balanced operating temperature under most operating conditions, further improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

[0066] In some optional embodiments of the present application, the distance between the second end and the fourth end in the first direction X is a third distance c, satisfying: c≤0.2a. When the heat transfer element 3 is a heat pipe, the second end of the heat transfer element 3 is the condensation end of the heat pipe.

[0067] Generally speaking, the lubricating medium stored in the third chamber is a gas-liquid mixture. When the shock absorber is mounted vertically, the liquid is located below the third chamber (i.e., approximately corresponding to the second chamber 12), and the gas is located above the third chamber (i.e., approximately corresponding to the first chamber 11). Testing has shown that when the third spacing c between the second end of the heat transfer element 3 (i.e., the lower end of the heat transfer element 3 in the illustration) and the fourth end of the first cylinder 1 (i.e., the lower end of the first cylinder 1 in the illustration) in the first direction X is ≤ 0.2a, that is, when the second end of the heat transfer element 3 is within 20% of the length of the first cylinder 1 from bottom to top, the second end of the heat transfer element 3 can maintain contact with the liquid lubricating medium under most operating conditions. Specifically, the second end of the heat transfer element 3 can simultaneously conduct heat transfer with the liquid lubricating medium in the second cylinder 2 and the third chamber 21, thereby further improving heat transfer efficiency and enabling the shock absorber to quickly reach a balanced operating temperature under most operating conditions, further enhancing the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber.

[0068] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific values ​​of the first spacing a, the second spacing b, and the third spacing c, nor the specific numerical relationships between the second spacing b and the first spacing a, and between the third spacing c and the first spacing a. Persons skilled in the art may adjust these values ​​based on actual needs. For example, while ensuring that the first end of the heat transfer element 3 does not interfere with the sealing assembly 8, the second spacing b may be 0.4a, 0.25a, ​​0.1a, or other numerical relationships. The third spacing c may be 0.2a, 0.15a, 0.1a, or other numerical relationships.

[0069] In summary, the shock absorber provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, a heat transfer element is provided, and the first end of the heat transfer element is thermally connected to the first cylinder, and the second end is thermally connected to the second cylinder. Thus, during the operation of the shock absorber, there is usually an operating temperature difference between the first cylinder and the second cylinder. By thermally connecting the first end of the heat transfer element to the first cylinder and the second end to the second cylinder, heat conduction between the first cylinder and the second cylinder can be achieved, thereby reducing the operating temperature difference between the first cylinder and the second cylinder. That is, the operating temperature difference between different positions of the shock absorber in the embodiment of the present application is small, thereby improving the overall durability and service life of the shock absorber. Furthermore, since the heat transfer element is disposed in the third chamber, it does not occupy any additional deployment space for the shock absorber, which is conducive to improving the deployment flexibility of the shock absorber.

[0071] An embodiment of the present application further provides a suspension system, comprising: the above-mentioned shock absorber.

[0072] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the shock absorber is the same as the structure of the shock absorber in any of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are also similar, which will not be described in detail here.

[0073] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, comprising: the above-mentioned shock absorber or suspension system.

[0074] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the shock absorber or suspension system is the same as the structure of the shock absorber or suspension system in any of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are also similar, which will not be described in detail here.

[0075] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0076] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shock absorber, characterized in that: include: a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a heat transfer element; The second cylinder is sleeved on the first cylinder and forms a third chamber between the second cylinder and the first cylinder; The first cylinder extends in a first direction, and includes a first chamber and a second chamber distributed along the first direction, wherein the operating temperatures of the first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber decrease in sequence; The heat transfer element is disposed in the third chamber, and has a first end and a second end that are separated from each other, the first end being thermally connected only to the first cylinder at a position corresponding to the first chamber, and the second end being thermally connected to the second cylinder; The first cylinder includes a third end and a fourth end that are away from each other along the first direction, the third end is close to the first chamber, and the distance between the third end and the fourth end in the first direction is a first distance a; The distance between the first end and the third end in the first direction is a second distance b, satisfying: b≤0.4a; the distance between the second end and the fourth end in the first direction is a third distance c, satisfying: c≤0.2a.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat transfer element is a heat pipe.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat transfer element comprises: a body and a connecting portion; The body has two ends facing away from each other. The connecting portion is provided at at least one end of the body. The connecting portion is thermally connected to the first cylinder or the second cylinder.

4. The shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that The connecting portion is extended along the first direction and is arranged at an angle to the main body.

5. The shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that The connecting portion and the main body are arranged at an obtuse angle.

6. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that One of the first cylinder and the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the heat transfer member, and the other one is in contact with the heat transfer member.

7. The shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that The fixed connection is welding.

8. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of heat transfer members are provided, and the plurality of heat transfer members are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first cylinder.

9. The shock absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of ​​the third chamber in the direction perpendicular to the first direction is S1; The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of heat transfer elements in a direction perpendicular to the first direction is S2, satisfying: S2≤0.8S1.

10. A suspension system, characterized in that: include: The vibration damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or the suspension system according to claim 10.

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