A pressure vessel for chemical materials that can be safely transported

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical safety, and discloses a pressure vessel for chemical materials that can be safely transported, including: a pressure vessel body, a buffer tank, and a track chassis. In view of the different states during the transportation of chemical pressure vessels, for the containers during normal transportation, the internal materials are buffered through the structure of the buffer tank to reduce the impact and disturbance of the materials in the container. In case of an emergency, mainly the dangerous state of a sharp drop in speed, the buffer effect is achieved by offsetting the inertia between the container and the internal materials, while reducing the inertial impact on the container and the internal liquid, avoiding the failure of the anchoring between the container and the vehicle and the large impact of the liquid on the container, and improving safety. For the dangerous state of container breakage, on the basis of the above beneficial effects, the present invention can make the inside of the container separated and independent, thereby avoiding a large amount of leakage and pollution and reducing potential safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical safety, and specifically to a pressure vessel for chemical materials that can be safely transported. Background Art

[0002] Tank trucks are mainly used to transport atmospheric liquids such as oil products and chemical materials. The pressure tank body, as the carrier for storing and transporting the medium, is the most important component of the tank truck. Generally speaking, during the transportation process of the tank truck, it will be continuously affected by inertial forces of the tank body, mainly occurring during the acceleration and deceleration processes of the vehicle. Especially during the obvious deceleration process, a large inertial force will be generated on the vehicle, which will cause fatigue loss to the anchoring of the tank body over a long period of time and is prone to danger. Along with the above process is the inertial disturbance generated by the chemical liquid in the tank. Since the filling of the chemical container generally meets the requirement of not exceeding 90% of the container volume, the materials during transportation will impact the tank body, which has an adverse effect on the structural stability of the tank body. The above-mentioned transportation state is even more obvious in the case of emergency braking, and dangerous situations such as the anchoring of the tank body being detached and the tank body being damaged are likely to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure vessel for chemical materials that can be safely transported, so as to solve the problem of poor safety affected by inertia during the transportation and transfer of current chemical containers as mentioned in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A pressure vessel for chemical materials that can be safely transported, comprising: a pressure vessel body, a buffer tank, and a track chassis. It is characterized in that: a partition cavity assembly is arranged inside the pressure vessel body, and the partition cavity assembly includes several groups of disc brackets, a turntable, a wave baffle, a central sleeve, and a support rod. The turntable is rotatably connected to the disc bracket; both ends of the wave baffle are fixed to a group of turntables respectively, and there is a rotational damping between the wave baffle and the central sleeve. The top end of the buffer tank is connected to the end of the pressure vessel body. An activatable piston sleeve is arranged above the buffer tank, and a buffer airbag is arranged below the piston sleeve. The top end of the buffer airbag is connected to the bottom end of the piston sleeve, and the bottom end of the buffer airbag is connected to an intake pipe.

[0006] The track chassis includes a base below and a slide rail above. A locking assembly, an inertial slider, and a cylinder are arranged inside the track chassis. The locking assembly includes an upper rack and a lower rack. The upper rack is fixedly connected to the slide rail, the lower rack is arranged on the base, and an inclined support column is connected below the lower rack. An inclined strut is fixedly connected to the side of the lower rack. The inertial slider is slidably arranged on the slide bar, and both ends of the cylinder are respectively connected to the intake pipe and the slide rail.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: an emergency control device is provided outside the pressure vessel body, and the emergency control device is composed of an airbag and a gas generator, and one end of the airbag is connected to the inner rod body.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: an arc surface structure is provided on one side of the inertial slider.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: an overflow exhaust valve is provided on the intake pipe.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: a restraint strap is connected between the buffer slider and the base.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the wave baffle is composed of a fixed plate and a movable plate. The two ends of the fixed plate are respectively fixedly connected to the turntable. The movable plate and the fixed plate can slide relative to each other along the radial direction of the turntable, and the sliding has elastic damping.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a movable inner rod body is provided in the central sleeve, and plug covers are provided at the positions where the inner rod body intersects with the turntable.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a longitudinal slotted hole is provided on the tube wall of the central sleeve. There is a raised ring on the inner rod body that protrudes out of the longitudinal slotted hole to the outside of the central sleeve. A raised structure corresponding to the position of the raised ring is provided on the end face of the movable plate close to the central sleeve.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a sealing rubber strip is installed on the end face of the movable plate close to the inner wall of the pressure vessel body. A sealing ring assembly for sealing between the side face of the turntable and the inner wall of the pressure vessel body is provided at the edge position of the end face of the turntable.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In view of different states during the transportation of chemical pressure vessels, for the vessels in normal transportation, the internal materials are buffered through the structure of the buffer tank, reducing the impact and disturbance of the materials in the vessel. In case of emergency, mainly the dangerous state of rapid speed drop, the buffer effect is achieved by offsetting the inertia between the vessel and the internal materials, while reducing the inertial impact on the vessel and the internal liquid, avoiding the failure of the anchoring between the vessel and the vehicle and the large impact of the liquid on the vessel, and improving safety;

[0016] 2. In case of the dangerous state of vessel breakage, on the basis of the above beneficial effects, the present invention can separate and isolate the inside of the vessel, thus avoiding a large amount of leakage and pollution and reducing potential safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buffer tank in the present invention

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the track chassis in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking assembly in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the turntable in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the central sleeve in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 is Figure 2 a partial view of location A in

[0025] Figure 9 is Figure 2 a partial view of location B in

[0026] In the figure, 1, pressure vessel body; 2, liquid inlet trough pipe; 21, liquid injection port; 3, buffer tank; 31, piston sleeve; 32, buffer airbag; 33, intake pipe; 331, overflow exhaust valve; 4, track chassis; 41, slide rail; 42, base; 43, cylinder; 44, locking assembly; 441, upper rack; 442, lower rack; 4421, support column; 4422, support rod; 45, inertial slider; 451, restraint band; 452, arc surface structure; 453, slide bar; 5, emergency control device; 51, airbag; 52, gas generator; 6, partition chamber assembly; 61, disc bracket; 62, turntable; 621, elastic flat iron; 622, sealing ring; 623, through hole; 624, flow-through hole; 63, wave baffle; 631, movable plate; 6311, sealing rubber strip; 6312, convex structure; 632, fixed plate; 64, central sleeve; 641, inner rod body; 642, convex ring; 643, plug; 65, slot hole; 66, elastic hinge; 67, slider; 68, support rod. Specific embodiments

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and 2 . In the embodiment of the present invention, a pressure vessel for chemical materials that can be safely transported includes: a pressure vessel body 1, a buffer tank 3, and a track chassis 4. The pressure vessel body 1 is fixedly installed on the track chassis 4. A partition cavity assembly 6 is arranged inside the pressure vessel body 1. The partition cavity assembly 6 includes several groups of disc brackets 61, a turntable 62, a wave baffle 63, a central sleeve 64, and support rods 68. Among them, the turntable 62 is arranged on the end face of the disc bracket 61 and is rotatably connected to the disc bracket 61. The support rods 68 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure vessel body 1, and are located at the edge of the disc bracket 61 and are arranged in a circular array in multiple groups. The disc bracket 61 and the support rods 68 can slide relative to each other. An arc-shaped through hole 623 is arranged at the position where the turntable 62 intersects with the support rods 68 so that the turntable 62 is not affected by the support rods 68 when rotating; the central sleeve 64 is located at the axis position of the disc bracket 61 and a flow-through hole 624 passing through the center of the disc bracket 61 and the turntable 62 is provided. The aperture of the flow-through hole 624 is larger than the outer diameter of the central sleeve 64 so that there is an obvious gap between the two, so that the cavities on both sides of the end face of the disc bracket 61 can be connected through the flow-through hole 624; both ends of the wave baffle 63 are respectively connected to a group of turntables 62. In this embodiment, three wave baffles 63 are provided in total. The cavities separated by the wave baffle 63 between adjacent disc brackets 61 are further divided into smaller cavities. An elastic hinge 66 is also arranged between the wave baffle 63 and the central sleeve 64. The elastic hinge 66 is composed of a coil spring fixed on the central sleeve 64 and a flat iron sheet fixed on the wave baffle 63. When the wave baffle 63 rotates synchronously with the turntable 62, the coil spring is stressed to play a buffering role. In this way, when the material in the cavity shakes and generates a circumferential disturbance, the wave blocking and buffering effect on the material can be achieved, and the large-scale disturbance of the material can be avoided.

[0029] Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the buffer tank 3 is located outside the pressure vessel body 1 and is fixedly installed on the track chassis 4. The buffer tank 3 is a longitudinal tank body, and its top is connected with a liquid inlet groove pipe 2. The liquid inlet groove pipe 2 is connected to the end of the pressure vessel body 1. A movable piston sleeve 31 is arranged above the buffer tank 3, and a buffer air bag 32 is arranged below the piston sleeve 31. The top end of the buffer air bag 32 is connected to the bottom end of the piston sleeve 31. An air inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the buffer air bag 32, and the air inlet is connected with an air inlet pipe 33. An overflow exhaust valve 331 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 33; a liquid injection port 21 is arranged on the liquid inlet groove pipe 2 for injecting liquid materials into the tank body. The liquid materials will gradually fill the space above the piston sleeve 31 in the buffer tank 3, and then be injected into the front end of the pressure vessel body 1. When the liquid level is higher than the flow-through hole 624, the liquid starts to be injected into the cavities in the partition cavity assembly 6 until the liquid level in the container reaches the filling requirement and then stops.

[0030] Figure 4 andFigure 5 As shown, the track chassis 4 includes a base 42 below and a slide rail 41 above. The slide rail 41 is slidably mounted on the base 42, and the pressure vessel body 1 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 41. A locking assembly 44, an inertial slider 45, and a cylinder 43 are also provided inside the track chassis 4. The locking assembly 44 includes an upper rack 441 and a lower rack 442. The upper rack 441 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 41, and the lower rack 442 is arranged on the base 42. A diagonal support column 4421 is connected below the lower rack 442. The support column 4421 is slidably arranged inside the base 42. A diagonal strut 4422 is fixedly connected to the side of the lower rack 442. The inertial slider 45 is located on one side of the locking assembly 44. The inertial slider 45 is slidably arranged on a slide rod 453, and the slide rod 453 is fixedly connected to the base 42. An arc surface structure 452 is arranged on one side of the inertial slider 45. The cylinder 43 is mounted on the base 42. The inside of the cylinder 43 is a piston. One side of the piston is connected to the slide rail 41, and gas is injected on the other side of the piston inside the cylinder 43 and connected to an inlet pipe 33.

[0031] During the transportation of the pressure vessel in this embodiment, when the transport vehicle decelerates or brakes in a normal driving state, the inertial force is relatively small. The locking assembly 44 can lock and fix the slide rail 41 and the pressure vessel body 1. The partition chamber assembly 6 will slide along the support rod 68 under the action of inertia and generate pressure on the material at the inner end of the container, pressing part of the material into the buffer tank 3 to cause the piston sleeve 31 to move downward. The downward-moving piston sleeve 31 generates pressure on the buffer airbag 32. The buffer airbag 32 contracts and uses the gas filled inside to generate an elastic buffering effect, thus buffering the fluctuating material inside the container and reducing the impact of the liquid on the tank wall. When the vehicle accelerates or starts normally, the pressure vessel moves backward relative to the vehicle due to inertia. The buffer airbag 32 sends part of the material back into the container. When unloading the material, after the material level in the pressure vessel decreases and is lower than the liquid inlet trough pipe 2, the piston sleeve 31 returns to the highest position under the elastic force of the buffer airbag 32, sending the material above the piston sleeve 31 back into the container.

[0032] ​When the transport vehicle encounters an emergency and performs an emergency braking operation, the sudden drop in speed causes large inertia for both the pressure vessel body 1 and the internal materials. When the inertia exceeds the design threshold, the inertia slider 45 will accelerate and move, and its upper arc surface structure 452 impacts the support rod 4422, causing the lower rack 442 to move obliquely downward and disengage from the upper rack 441, unlocking between the slide rail 41 and the base 42. At this time, the entire pressure vessel body 1 slides forward due to inertia (the slide rail 41 has a travel on the base 42, restricting the moving distance of the pressure vessel body), pushing the piston in the push cylinder 43 to move, and pressing the gas into the buffer airbag 32 through the air inlet pipe 33. Similarly, during this process, the partition chamber assembly 6 inside the pressure vessel also moves due to inertia, pressing the liquid into the buffer tank 3 and causing the buffer airbag 32 to contract. In this way, the inertia of the container and the inertia generated by the internal liquid produce opposite effects in the buffer airbag 32. Injecting gas into the airbag as the container moves increases its modulus, enabling it to withstand higher impact forces. Thus, the two pressures partially offset each other, reducing the inertial impact on the container and the internal liquid, and avoiding the failure of the anchoring between the container and the vehicle and the large impact of the liquid on the container. The overflow exhaust valve 331 on the air inlet pipe 33 plays a safety overflow role, allowing overflow unloading when the pressure in the buffer airbag 32 is too high.

[0033] In order to prevent the inertia slider 45 from moving arbitrarily during normal driving, a restraint belt 451 is connected between the inertia slider 45 and the base 42 to restrict the arbitrary movement of the inertia slider 45. When the inertial force is too large, the restraint belt 451 will be broken to enable the inertia slider 45 to move.

[0034] Such as Figure 6, the wave baffle 63 is composed of a fixed plate 632 and a movable plate 631. The two ends of the fixed plate 632 are respectively fixedly connected to the turntable 62. The end face of the fixed plate 632 close to the central sleeve 64 abuts against the central sleeve 64, and a flexible material such as a rubber cushion layer can be arranged on this end face of the fixed plate 632 to abut against the central sleeve 64. The movable plate 631 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 632, and the sliding direction is along the radial direction of the turntable 62. Specifically, a slider 67 slidably connected to the fixed plate 632 is arranged on the inner surface of the movable plate 631, and an elastic member is arranged between the slider 67 and the fixed plate 632; a plurality of slot holes 65 are arranged on both the fixed plate 632 and the movable plate 631. In the normal state, the positions of the slot holes 65 on the two correspond to each other, so that all cavities are communicated; a sealing rubber strip 6311 is installed on the end face of the movable plate 631 close to the inner wall of the pressure vessel body 1, and a sealing ring assembly is arranged at the edge position of the end face of the turntable 62. The sealing ring assembly includes an elastic flat iron 621 and a sealing ring 622. The elastic flat iron 621 is fixed on the turntable 62, and the sealing ring 622 is fixed on the elastic flat iron 621. The cross section of the sealing ring 622 is in an "L" shape. When the flat iron is bent, the sealing ring 622 will be squeezed and bent and will abut against the inner wall of the container to form a ring seal.

[0035] As Figure 7 , 8 , a movable inner rod body 641 is arranged in the central sleeve 64. Plug covers 643 are arranged at the positions where the inner rod body 641 intersects with the turntable 62. The diameter of the plug cover 643 is larger than the diameter of the flow-through hole 624. An axially arranged straight slot is arranged on the tube wall of the central sleeve 64. A raised ring 642 protruding out of the straight slot to the outside of the central sleeve 64 is arranged on the inner rod body 641. A raised structure 6312 corresponding to the position of the raised ring 642 is arranged on the end face of the movable plate 631 close to the central sleeve 64. The cooperation method is that when the inner rod body 641 moves axially, the raised ring 642 contacts and lifts the raised structure 6312, causing the movable plate 631 to move. After the movable plate 631 moves, first, the sealing rubber strip 6311 on the end face abuts against the inner wall surface of the container; second, after the movable plate 631 moves to the position of the elastic flat iron 621, it squeezes the elastic flat iron 621 to bend it, so as to press the sealing ring 622 against the inner wall of the container to form a ring seal; third, after the movable plate 631 moves, the slot holes 65 on it are staggered with the slot holes 65 on the fixed plate 632, so that the slot holes 65 on both of them are blocked. In summary, after the inner rod body 641 moves, a plurality of independent sealed cavities will be formed in the partition cavity assembly 6. In special cases, if the body of the container is damaged and the material leaks, controlling the movement of the inner rod body 641 to achieve the above-mentioned effect of separating the cavities, so that the leakage will only cause the leakage of the material in the cavity where the leakage point is located, and there will be no large amount of leakage, reducing the pollution and the danger of the leaked material.

[0036] As Figure 9, for the control of the movement of the inner rod body 641, in this embodiment, an emergency control device 5 is provided at the other end of the pressure vessel body 1 relative to the liquid inlet tank pipe 2. The emergency control device 5 is composed of an airbag 51 and a gas generator 52. The gas generator 52 is filled with sodium azide gas for generating a large amount of gas in a short time and injecting it into the airbag 51. One end of the airbag 51 is connected to the inner rod body 641. The gas generator 52 is controlled by a microcontroller. When an accident causes material leakage, the gas generator 52 is manually controlled to ignite, and sodium azide decomposes to generate a large amount of nitrogen gas to inflate the airbag 51 and push the inner rod body 641 to move to achieve the above effect. Since the position of the internal partition chamber assembly 6 is movable and its position cannot be determined during an accident, the gas generator 52 should be able to ensure that sufficient gas is generated and the airbag 51 is inflated to a sufficient volume, so that the inner rod body 641 can move a sufficient stroke to achieve the effect.

[0037] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A chemical material pressure container that can be safely transported, comprising: A pressure vessel body (1), a buffer tank (3) and a track chassis (4), characterized in that a partition chamber assembly (6) is arranged in the pressure vessel body (1), the partition chamber assembly (6) comprises a plurality of groups of disc supports (61), a rotating disc (62), a wave-breaking plate (63), a central sleeve (64) and a support rod (68), the rotating disc (62) and the disc support (61) are rotatably connected, a movable inner rod body (641) is arranged in the central sleeve (64), and the inner rod body (641) is provided at a position where it intersects with the rotating disc (62). A blocking cover (643) is provided, both ends of the wave-breaking plate (63) are respectively fixed to a group of rotating disks (62), and there is rotation damping between the wave-breaking plate (63) and the central sleeve (64), the top end of the buffer tank (3) is connected to the end of the pressure vessel body (1), a movable piston sleeve (31) is provided at the top of the buffer tank (3), a buffer air bag (32) is provided below the piston sleeve (31), the top end of the buffer air bag (32) is connected to the bottom end of the piston sleeve (31), and the bottom end of the buffer air bag (32) is connected to the air intake pipe (33).

2. A chemical material pressure container that can be safely transported according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track chassis (4) comprises a base (42) at the bottom and a slide rail (41) at the top. A locking assembly (44), an inertia slider (45) and a cylinder (43) are arranged in the track chassis (4). The locking assembly (44) comprises an upper rack (441) and a lower rack (442). The upper rack (441) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (41). The lower rack (442) is arranged on the base (42). An oblique support column (4421) is connected below the lower rack (442). An oblique support rod (4422) is fixedly connected to the side of the lower rack (442). The inertia slider (45) is slidably arranged on the slide rod (453). Two ends of the cylinder (43) are respectively connected to an intake pipe (33) and the slide rail (41).

3. A chemical material pressure container that can be safely transported according to claim 1, characterized in that: An emergency control device (5) is arranged outside the pressure vessel body (1), and the emergency control device (5) is composed of an air bag (51) and a gas generator (52), and one end of the air bag (51) is connected to the inner rod body (641).

4. A chemical material pressure container that can be safely transported according to claim 2, characterized in that: A curved surface structure (452) is provided on one side of the inertial sliding block (45).

5. A chemical material pressure container that can be safely transported according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake pipe (33) is provided with an overflow exhaust valve (331).

6. A chemical material pressure container that can be safely transported according to claim 2, characterized in that: A restraint belt (451) is connected between the inertial slider (45) and the base (42).

7. A chemical material pressure container capable of safe transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-breaking plate (63) is composed of a fixed plate (632) and a movable plate (631), the two ends of the fixed plate (632) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating disk (62), and the movable plate (631) and the fixed plate (632) can slide relative to each other along the radial direction of the rotating disk (62), and the sliding has elastic damping.

8. A chemical material pressure container capable of safe transportation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central sleeve (64) is provided with an axially extending slot on its wall, the inner rod body (641) is provided with a raised ring (642) protruding from the slot to the outside of the central sleeve (64), and the movable plate (631) is provided with a raised structure (6312) on its end surface close to the central sleeve (64) and corresponding to the position of the raised ring (642).

9. A chemical material pressure container capable of safe transportation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable plate (631) is provided with a sealing strip (6311) on the end surface close to the inner wall of the pressure vessel body (1), and a sealing ring assembly for sealing between the side surface of the turntable (62) and the inner wall of the pressure vessel body (1) is provided at the edge of the end surface of the turntable (62).

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