An air bleed, a compressor casing and an aeroengine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular to an air inlet, a compressor casing and an aero-engine. The air inlet comprises a round pipe part which is arranged through the casing; a flange part which is arranged on the circumferential surface of the round pipe part and abuts against the casing; and an inner gasket which is sleeved on the round pipe part and abuts against the casing, and the flange part and the inner gasket are respectively arranged on the two sides of the casing. In the application, the abutting surface between the flange part and the casing is a conical surface, the axial pre-tightening force during installation is enhanced, the sealing performance is ensured, the stress concentration of the connecting part is reduced, and the connection reliability is improved. More uniform pressure distribution can be realized on the contact surface between the flange part and the casing. When the fastening nut is tightened, the contact surface between the conical surface of the flange part and the casing can form effective sealing, the gas leakage risk between the air inlet and the casing is reduced, and the sealing performance of the system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular to an air bleed port, a compressor casing and an aero-engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The compressor casing of an aero-engine is located outside the compressor and forms the outer wall of the compressor flow passage, and an air bleed port is designed thereon for mounting an air bleed pipe to bleed fresh air inside the compressor for use by on-board equipment and personnel. Since the air bled from the compressor has been preliminarily compressed and has a higher pressure than the surrounding environment, the design of the air bleed port needs to consider the air bleed sealing problem to design a reasonable mounting pre-tightening mode to prevent air leakage at the connection position of the air bleed pipe and the air bleed port or the connection position of the air bleed port and the casing.

[0003] Under high-temperature working conditions, the existing air bleed port is made of metal material, and the connection position with the casing may have a thermal deformation matching problem, which leads to thermal deformation mismatch and causes failure of the air bleed port. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides an air bleed port, a compressor casing and an aero-engine to solve the problem of air bleed port failure caused by thermal deformation mismatch under high-temperature working conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an air bleed port, comprising:

[0006] a circular tube portion disposed through the casing;

[0007] a flange portion disposed on the circumferential surface of the circular tube portion and abutting against the casing;

[0008] an inner gasket sleeved on the circular tube portion and abutting against the casing, the flange portion and the inner gasket being respectively located on two sides of the casing;

[0009] a fastening nut threaded on the circular tube portion and abutting against the inner gasket, the casing and the fastening nut being respectively located on two sides of the inner gasket;

[0010] the abutting surface of the flange portion against the casing is a conical surface, and the apex of the conical surface is located on the abutting surface of the inner gasket and the fastening nut.

[0011] In the present application, the abutting surface of the flange portion and the casing is a conical surface, which enhances the axial pre-tightening force during installation, ensures the sealing performance, and reduces stress concentration at the connection site, thereby improving the connection reliability. The flange portion and the casing can achieve more uniform pressure distribution on the contact surface. When the fastening nut is tightened, the contact surface between the conical surface of the flange portion and the casing can form an effective seal, reducing the risk of gas leakage between the air inlet and the casing, thereby improving the sealing performance of the system. The design of the conical surface allows the thermal deformation of the contact surface under high temperature and load to be self-adaptively adjusted. The apex of the conical surface is located on the abutting surface of the inner gasket and the fastening nut, which can ensure that the connection between the flange portion and the casing remains tight through the cyclic contact and relaxation during thermal expansion, thereby reducing the possibility of connection loosening or failure due to thermal deformation mismatch caused by different thermal expansion coefficients under high temperature working conditions.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the inner gasket and the fastening nut are both located on the inner side of the casing. Placing the inner gasket and the fastening nut on the inner side of the casing can reduce the direct influence of the external environment on the fastening nut, thereby improving the safety of installation. It can prevent external objects from causing damage and reduce the risk of possible failure. The built-in design of the inner gasket and the fastening nut reduces the potential path of gas leakage and enhances the sealing effect between the air inlet and the casing.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the circular surface of the circular tube portion and the casing have a first predetermined gap, and the size of the first predetermined gap is 0.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the circular tube portion.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the circular surface of the circular tube portion and the side wall of the inner gasket have a second predetermined gap, and the size of the second predetermined gap is 0.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the circular tube portion.

[0015] The design of the first and second predetermined gaps allows the deformation of the material due to thermal expansion to be effectively released in a high temperature working environment, preventing stress concentration caused by external loads and temperature changes, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue and damage at the connection site. It can make the assembly process more flexible, allowing for certain errors during installation without affecting the stability of the overall structure. This design simplifies the strict requirements for assembly accuracy, making the installation process more smooth.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the circular tube portion, the flange portion and the fastening nut are made of metal, and the inner gasket is made of resin-based composite material. The metal material has excellent strength and rigidity, and can effectively withstand the vibration and mechanical load generated by the bleed air port during operation, thereby enhancing the durability of the overall structure. In combination with the use of resin-based composite material, the weight of the bleed air port is further optimized, and the performance and payload of the aero-engine are improved. The good vibration damping performance of the resin-based composite material in combination with the rigidity of the metal material enables the overall bleed air port assembly to reduce vibration propagation, improve structural stability, and effectively reduce noise.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the abutting surface of the inner gasket and the casing is a cylindrical surface adapted to the casing. The design of the cylindrical surface allows for a wider contact area between the inner gasket and the casing, thereby effectively preventing air leakage and ensuring the sealing of the bleed air port. The cylindrical surface contact can uniformly distribute the pressure applied on the inner gasket, reducing stress concentration caused by uneven surfaces and reducing the risk of local damage to the material under high pressure or high temperature conditions.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a compressor casing, comprising:

[0019] a casing body, wherein the bleed air port as described above is arranged on the casing body;

[0020] a mounting hole arranged through the casing body, wherein the bleed air port is arranged on the mounting hole, and the first predetermined gap is the gap between the mounting hole and the circumferential surface of the circular tube portion.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the casing body is made of resin-based composite material. Resin-based composite material has a lower density than traditional metal material, which significantly reduces the overall weight of the casing body, thereby improving the thrust-to-weight ratio of the aero-engine, improving the fuel efficiency and payload capacity of the aircraft, and improving the ability of the casing to withstand vibration and dynamic load under working conditions, ensuring the stability and service life of the structure.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, the abutting surface of the mounting hole with the flange portion is a conical surface that matches the flange portion. The conical surface design of the mounting hole can provide a better contact surface for the flange portion, ensuring a better sealing effect at the connection, effectively preventing gas leakage, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the bleed air port. The conical shape has a natural self-centering property, which means that during assembly, the flange portion can be easily aligned into the mounting hole, thereby simplifying the installation process and improving the accuracy and efficiency of assembly. The circular tube portion, flange portion, and fastening nut are made of metal, and the inner gasket is made of resin-based composite material. The thermal expansion coefficient of the metal is greater than that of the resin-based composite material. Under high temperature working conditions, the circular tube portion, flange portion, and fastening nut expand at the same rate, pressing the side wall of the casing body and the inner gasket, which keeps the apex of the conical surface always on the abutting surface of the inner gasket and the fastening nut, increases the force between the conical surface of the flange portion and the conical surface of the mounting hole, and thus forms an effective seal.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an aero-engine, comprising:

[0024] An engine body, wherein the engine body is provided with a compressor casing as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a first cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional exploded view of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a second cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the expansion deformation of the present application.

[0032] Explanation of reference signs:

[0033] 1, round tube part; 2, case; 3, flange part; 4, inner gasket; 5, fastening nut; 6, first preset gap; 7, second preset gap; 8, mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] The resin-based composite material has the advantages of low density, high strength, good structural designability, good fatigue resistance, and excellent damping and vibration reduction performance, and has become an ideal structural material for components such as fan blades, fan cases, outer duct cases, outlet guide vanes, and nacelles of an aero-engine. As a single part with a large volume, if the light resin-based composite material is used to replace the traditional metal material, great weight reduction benefits will be achieved, and the performance of the engine and the effective payload of the aircraft will be improved.

[0036] The aero-engine compressor case is located outside the compressor and forms the outer wall of the compressor flow passage. An air bleed port is designed thereon for mounting an air bleed pipe to bleed fresh air inside the compressor for use by on-board equipment and personnel. Since the air bled from the compressor has been preliminarily compressed and has a higher pressure than the surrounding environment, the air bleed port mounting assembly needs to consider the air bleed sealing problem to design a reasonable mounting and pre-tightening method to prevent air leakage at the connection position of the air bleed pipe and the air bleed port or the connection position of the air bleed port and the case. In addition, the aero-engine generates relatively large vibrations during operation, and the air bleed port assembly will bear the vibration load transmitted from the case. Therefore, the reliability of the connection structure needs to be considered during design. The air bleed port is generally made of metal material, and its thermal expansion coefficient is significantly different from that of the resin-based composite material. Therefore, the thermal deformation matching problem of the connection position of the air bleed port and the resin-based composite case under high-temperature working conditions needs to be considered during design to prevent structural failure caused by thermal deformation mismatch.

[0037] In the prior art, when the connected composite material is a thin-walled structure, the angle of the conical guide groove is usually small, which does not meet the requirement of being greater than the friction angle.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] The following will describe Embodiment 1 of the present application with reference to Figures 1 to 6

[0040] The present application provides an air bleed port, comprising: ​

[0041] The circular pipe part 1 is arranged through the casing 2 in a ring shape and is used to connect the air inlet pipe;

[0042] The flange part 3 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the circular pipe part 1 in a ring shape and abuts against the casing 2;

[0043] The inner gasket 4 is sleeved on the circular pipe part 1 in a ring shape and abuts against the casing 2, and the flange part 3 and the inner gasket 4 are respectively located on both sides of the casing 2 and are used to fill the arc-shaped space between the casing 2 and the fastening nut 5;

[0044] The fastening nut 5 is screwed on the circular pipe part 1 and abuts against the inner gasket 4, and the casing 2 and the fastening nut 5 are respectively located on both sides of the inner gasket 4 and are used to fasten the air inlet port on the casing 2;

[0045] After assembly, the abutting surface of the flange part 3 against the casing 2 is a conical surface, and the apex of the conical surface is located on the abutting surface of the inner gasket 4 against the fastening nut 5. It should be noted that the abutting surface of the casing 2 against the flange part 3 can also be a conical surface that matches the abutting surface on the flange part 3.

[0046] It should be noted that, in general, the casing 2 is cylindrical, Figure 3 is a schematic view of a cross section along the axial direction of the casing 2, Figure 5 is a schematic view of a cross section along the circumferential direction of the casing 2.

[0047] In this application, the abutting surface of the flange part 3 against the casing 2 is a conical surface, which enhances the axial pre-tightening force during installation, ensures the sealing performance, and at the same time reduces the stress concentration at the connection part and improves the connection reliability. It can achieve more uniform pressure distribution on the contact surface of the flange part 3 and the casing 2. When the fastening nut 5 is tightened, the contact surface between the conical surface of the flange part 3 and the casing 2 can form an effective seal, reducing the risk of gas leakage between the air inlet port and the casing 2, thereby improving the sealing performance of the system. The design of the conical surface enables the thermal deformation of the contact surface under high temperature and load to be self-adaptively adjusted. The apex of the conical surface is located on the abutting surface of the inner gasket 4 against the fastening nut 5, which can ensure that the connection between the flange part 3 and the casing 2 is still tight through the cyclic contact and relaxation during thermal expansion, thereby reducing the possibility of connection loosening or failure due to thermal deformation mismatch caused by different thermal expansion coefficients under high temperature working conditions.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, the inner gasket 4 and the fastening nut 5 are located inside the casing 2. The part of the circular tube 1 outside the casing 2 can be provided with a protrusion, i.e. the end of the circular tube 1 is not flush with the flange 3, which can be used to connect the bleed pipe. The inner location of the inner gasket 4 and the fastening nut 5 can reduce the direct influence of the external environment on the fastening nut 5, thereby improving the safety of the installation. It can prevent damage caused by external objects and reduce the risk of possible failure. The inner design of the inner gasket 4 and the fastening nut 5 reduces the potential path of gas leakage and enhances the sealing effect between the bleed port and the casing 2.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, the circular tube 1 has a first predetermined gap 6 between the circumference and the casing 2, and the size of the first predetermined gap 6 is 0.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the circular tube 1.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, the circular tube 1 has a second predetermined gap 7 between the circumference and the side wall of the inner gasket 4, and the size of the second predetermined gap 7 is 0.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the circular tube 1.

[0051] The design of the first predetermined gap 6 and the second predetermined gap 7 allows the deformation of the material due to thermal expansion in a high-temperature working environment to be effectively released, preventing stress concentration caused by external loads and temperature changes, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue and damage at the connection. It can make the assembly process more flexible and allow for some errors during installation without affecting the stability of the overall structure. This design simplifies the strict requirements for assembly accuracy, making the installation process smoother.

[0052] It should be noted that the size of the first predetermined gap 6 and the second predetermined gap 7 described above is the size at room temperature, and in general the size of the first predetermined gap 6 and the second predetermined gap 7 is the same.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment, the circular tube 1, the flange 3 and the fastening nut 5 are made of metal, and the inner gasket 4 is made of resin-based composite material. Metal has excellent strength and rigidity, which can effectively withstand the vibration and mechanical load generated by the bleed port during operation, enhancing the durability of the overall structure. In combination with the use of resin-based composite material, the weight of the bleed port is further optimized, improving the performance and payload of the aero-engine. The good damping performance of the resin-based composite material combined with the rigidity of the metal material enables the overall bleed port assembly to reduce vibration propagation, improve structural stability, and effectively reduce noise.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, the abutting surface of the inner gasket 4 with the casing 2 is a cylindrical surface that is adapted to the casing 2. The cylindrical surface design allows a wider contact area between the inner gasket 4 and the casing 2, thereby effectively preventing air leakage and ensuring the sealing of the bleed port. The cylindrical surface contact can evenly distribute the pressure applied on the inner gasket 4, reducing the stress concentration caused by surface unevenness and reducing the risk of local damage to the material under high pressure or high temperature conditions.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] The present application also provides a compressor casing, comprising:

[0057] a casing body, wherein the bleed port as described above is arranged on the casing body;

[0058] a mounting hole 8 is arranged through the casing body, the bleed port is arranged on the mounting hole 8, and the first predetermined gap 6 is the gap between the mounting hole 8 and the circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 1. Wherein, the inner gasket 4 is arranged on the mounting hole 8 and the cylindrical portion 1, and the outer gasket 5 is arranged on the mounting hole 8 and the cylindrical portion 1. Figure 1 and the outer gasket 5 is arranged on the mounting hole 8 and the cylindrical portion 1. Figure 2 The structure diagram of the embodiment can also be regarded as a structure diagram.

[0059] In an alternative embodiment, the casing body is made of resin-based composite material. Resin-based composite material has lower density than traditional metal material, which significantly reduces the overall weight of the casing body, thereby improving the thrust-to-weight ratio of the aero-engine, improving the fuel efficiency and payload capacity of the aircraft, and improving the ability of the casing 2 to withstand vibration and dynamic load under working conditions, ensuring the stability and service life of the structure.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, the abutting surface of the mounting hole 8 with the flange portion 3 is a conical surface that matches the flange portion 3, forming a pre-tightening installation to ensure the sealing effect of the contact surface. Through the design of the shape of the mounting hole 8, the cooperation of the inner gasket 4 and the size and shape design of the circular tube portion 1, the air inlet port made of metal can be installed on the resin-based composite fairing 2, ensuring that the installation pre-tightening force does not change with the increase of temperature, achieving stable and reliable installation and good sealing. The conical surface design of the mounting hole 8 can provide better contact surface for the flange portion 3, ensuring better sealing effect at the connection, effectively preventing gas leakage and ensuring the safety and reliability of the air inlet port. The conical shape has a natural self-centering property, which means that during assembly, the flange portion 3 can be easily aligned into the mounting hole 8, thereby simplifying the installation process and improving the accuracy and efficiency of assembly. Moreover, the circular tube portion 1, the flange portion 3 and the fastening nut 5 are made of metal, and the inner gasket 4 is made of resin-based composite material. The thermal expansion coefficient of metal is greater than that of resin-based composite material. Under high temperature working conditions, the circular tube portion 1, the flange portion 3 and the fastening nut 5 expand at the same rate, pressing the side wall of the fairing body and the inner gasket 4, so that the apex of the conical surface is always located on the abutting surface of the inner gasket 4 and the fastening nut 5, increasing the force between the conical surface of the flange portion 3 and the conical surface of the mounting hole 8, thereby forming an effective seal.

[0061] In the assembly structure, the materials of the fairing 2 and the inner gasket 4 are resin-based composite materials, and the circular tube portion 1, the flange portion 3 and the fastening nut 5 are metal materials, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal material is greater than that of the resin-based composite material. In some embodiments, under high temperature working conditions, the fairing body and the air inlet port expand and deform, and the inner gasket 4 is pressed by the flange portion 3 and the fastening nut 5, so that the apex of the conical surface is always located on the abutting surface of the inner gasket 4 and the fastening nut 5, increasing the force between the conical surface of the flange portion 3 and the conical surface of the mounting hole 8, thereby forming an effective seal. Figures 3 to 6 As shown by the dashed line, the contact surface of the fastening nut 5 and the inner gasket 4 can maintain a pre-tightening installation state, ensuring the installation firmness and the sealing effect of the contact surface.

[0062] In some embodiments, the reinforcing fibers of the resin-based composite fairing 2 are one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, polyimide fibers, glass fibers and aramid fibers, and the matrix is one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin and polyimide resin.

[0063] Embodiment 3

[0064] The present application provides an aero-engine, comprising:

[0065] The engine body is provided with a compressor casing as described above.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the drawings, various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bleed port, characterized by, include: A circular tube (1) is installed through the casing (2); The flange (3) is provided on the circumferential surface of the circular tube (1) and abuts against the casing (2); The inner gasket (4) is fitted onto the round tube (1) and abuts against the casing (2). The flange (3) and the inner gasket (4) are located on both sides of the casing (2). A fastening nut (5) is screwed onto the round tube (1) and abuts against the inner gasket (4). The casing (2) and the fastening nut (5) are located on both sides of the inner gasket (4). The contact surface between the flange (3) and the casing (2) is a conical surface, and the cone apex of the conical surface is located on the contact surface between the inner gasket (4) and the fastening nut (5); The circular tube (1), the flange (3), and the fastening nut (5) are made of metal, and the inner gasket (4) is made of resin-based composite material. The thermal expansion coefficient of the metal material is greater than that of the resin-based composite material. Under high temperature working conditions, the circular tube (1), the flange (3), and the fastening nut (5) expand proportionally, squeezing the side wall of the casing (2) and the inner gasket (4), keeping the cone apex of the conical surface always located on the contact surface between the inner gasket (4) and the fastening nut (5), thereby increasing the force between the conical surface of the flange (3) and the contact surface of the casing (2), and thus forming an effective seal.

2. The bleed port of claim 1, wherein, The inner gasket (4) and the fastening nut (5) are both located inside the casing (2).

3. The bleed air port of claim 1, wherein, The circumferential surface of the cylindrical section (1) and the casing (2) have a first preset gap (6), the size of which is 0.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the cylindrical section (1).

4. The bleed air port of claim 1, wherein, There is a second preset gap (7) between the circumferential surface of the tube section (1) and the side wall of the inner gasket (4), and the size of the second preset gap (7) is 0.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the tube section (1).

5. The bleed air port of claim 1, wherein, The contact surface between the inner gasket (4) and the casing (2) is a cylindrical surface adapted to the casing (2).

6. A compressor casing characterized by include: A casing body, wherein the casing body is provided with an air vent as described in any one of claims 1-5; The mounting hole (8) is provided through the casing body, the air vent is provided on the mounting hole (8), and the first preset gap (6) is the gap between the mounting hole (8) and the circumferential surface of the circular tube (1).

7. The compressor casing of claim 6, wherein The casing body is made of resin-based composite material.

8. The compressor casing of claim 7, wherein, The contact surface between the mounting hole (8) and the flange (3) is a conical surface that is adapted to the flange (3).

9. An aeroengine characterised in that, include: An engine body, wherein a compressor casing as described in any one of claims 6-8 is provided on the engine body.

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