Large-section tunnel driving blasting dust migration rule testing method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-section tunnel tunneling blasting dust migration law testing method and system, and relates to the technical field of dust monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: arranging dust sensors at a plurality of preset measuring points in a to-be-measured range in front of a tunnel face of a to-be-measured large-section tunnel, and arranging a dust sampling instrument at a target measuring point; acquiring a time-varying curve of the dust concentration corresponding to each preset measuring point; obtaining a dust average concentration reference value of the target measuring point in a plurality of preset sampling intervals; calculating an average dust concentration measurement value in a plurality of preset sampling intervals by using an infinitesimal method; performing function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function; and correcting the time-varying curve of the dust concentration corresponding to each preset measuring point based on the target fitting function. The technical problem that in the prior art, large deviation exists between test and analysis related data and actual data for the blasting dust migration rule of the large-section tunnel is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dust monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for testing dust migration law in large-section tunnel excavation blasting. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country's large-scale underground projects are developing rapidly, on a large scale, and have a very broad prospect. With the development of tunnel design level and construction technology, underground projects are becoming larger. In the construction process of underground projects, blasting operations are an indispensable part. The premise of dust control in large underground projects is to study the migration law of blasting dust based on the characteristics of large cross-section.

[0003] During the excavation of large-section tunnels, a large amount of dust and other toxic and harmful gases will be generated after blasting due to external factors such as the rock mass itself, explosives, and insufficient explosion. In addition, the tunnel excavation distance is long, the cross-section is large, and the wind speed inside the tunnel is low. The blasting dust cannot be discharged through the wind flow. If it is not properly handled or protected, it will pose a serious threat to the working environment and the health of workers. Therefore, testing and analyzing the dust migration law generated during large-section blasting excavation is of certain significance to improving the working environment and ensuring safe construction.

[0004] In the monitoring and analysis of blasting and tunneling dust, the filter membrane weighing method is often used. The filter membrane weighing method is a basic method for determining the mass concentration of particulate matter. The sample is sampled at a specified flow rate, and the particulate matter in the air is captured on a high-performance filter membrane. The mass of the filter membrane before and after sampling is weighed, and the mass difference is used to obtain the captured dust mass. The ratio of the mass difference to the sampled air volume is the average mass concentration of the dust during the sampling time. In addition, in recent years, with the development of science and technology and the rise of the people-oriented concept, various sensors have gradually begun to appear in the data testing of blasting and tunneling projects such as mine tunnels, and the relevant data can be directly measured through the sensors. However, if these monitoring methods are still applied to the test and analysis of the dust migration law of large-section tunnel blasting, the relevant data obtained will deviate greatly from the actual situation.

[0005] Specifically, the test and analysis method based on the filter membrane weighing method is not uniform in time. The dust sampler measures the average dust concentration over a period of time and cannot reflect the real-time changes in dust concentration. In addition, the dust generated by blasting and excavation of large-section tunnels will quickly fill the entire section and move outward in the entire tunnel space. The dust concentration obtained by the above test method is only the dust concentration distribution in a certain space at the bottom of the large section, which cannot represent the dust concentration distribution in the upper section, and it is even more difficult to use it to analyze the dust migration law of the entire large-section tunnel blasting.

[0006] In addition, various sensors are gradually being used in the field of data testing for blasting and excavation projects such as mine tunnels, and relevant data can be directly measured by sensors. Dust sensors usually use the principle of optical reflection to detect dust particles in the air. These sensors are equipped with laser light sources and photodetectors. When dust particles in the air pass through the laser beam, the dust particles scatter the light, and the scattered light is captured by the photodetector. The sensor then calculates the dust concentration in the air based on the intensity of the scattered light. However, the sensor will face the situation of the probe being covered by dust particles when working at the blasting site for a long time, which will affect its recording of the actual dust concentration. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for testing the dust migration law of large-section tunnel excavation blasting. The technical solution is as follows:

[0008] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing dust migration laws in large-section tunnel excavation blasting, comprising: arranging dust sensors at multiple preset measuring points within a test range in front of a heading face of a large-section tunnel to be tested, and arranging a dust sampler at a target measuring point; the target measuring point is one of the multiple preset measuring points; based on the dust sensor, obtaining a dust concentration variation curve corresponding to each preset measuring point within a target sampling time range; based on the dust sampler, obtaining a dust average concentration reference value within multiple preset sampling intervals within the target sampling time range for the target measuring point; based on the dust concentration variation curve corresponding to the target measuring point, calculating the dust average concentration measurement value within the multiple preset sampling intervals using a microelement method; performing function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function; and correcting the dust concentration variation curve corresponding to each preset measuring point based on the target fitting function to obtain a corrected dust concentration variation curve.

[0009] Furthermore, the method also includes: determining the multiple preset measuring points at different distances and heights in front of the heading face of the large-section tunnel to be measured; wherein the spacing between adjacent preset measuring points is determined by the test area of ​​the dust sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, obtaining the dust average concentration reference value in a plurality of preset sampling intervals at the target measuring point within the target sampling time range includes: determining the dust average concentration reference value in each preset sampling interval based on a filter membrane weighing method.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the dust concentration variation with time curve corresponding to the target measuring point, the average dust concentration measurement value within the multiple preset sampling intervals is calculated using the differential element method, including: using the differential element method to calculate the ratio of the area enclosed by the dust concentration variation with time curve and the x-axis to time in each preset sampling interval, and obtaining the average dust concentration measurement value within each preset sampling interval.

[0012] Furthermore, the target fitting function includes a linear fitting function; performing function fitting on the average dust concentration reference value and the average dust concentration measurement value includes: performing linear fitting on the average dust concentration reference value and the average dust concentration measurement value based on the least squares method.

[0013] On the other hand, a large-section tunnel excavation blasting dust migration law testing system is also provided, including: an arrangement module, a first monitoring module, a second monitoring module, a calculation module, a fitting module and a correction module; wherein the arrangement module is used to arrange dust sensors at multiple preset measuring points within the test range in front of the face of the large-section tunnel to be tested, and to arrange a dust sampler at the target measuring point; the target measuring point is one of the multiple preset measuring points; the first monitoring module is used to obtain, based on the dust sensor, a dust concentration change curve corresponding to each preset measuring point within the target sampling time range; the second ... The sampler obtains the dust average concentration reference value of the target measuring point within multiple preset sampling intervals within the target sampling time range; the calculation module is used to calculate the dust average concentration measurement value within the multiple preset sampling intervals by using the differential element method based on the dust concentration change over time curve corresponding to the target measuring point; the fitting module is used to perform function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function; the correction module is used to correct the dust concentration change over time curve corresponding to each preset measuring point based on the target fitting function to obtain the corrected dust concentration change over time curve.

[0014] Furthermore, the arrangement module is also used to determine the multiple preset measuring points at different distances and heights in front of the heading face of the large-section tunnel to be measured; wherein the spacing between adjacent preset measuring points is determined by the test area of ​​the dust sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the target fitting function includes a linear fitting function; and the fitting module is further used to: perform linear fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value based on the least squares method.

[0016] On the other hand, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention when executing the computer program.

[0017] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0018] The present invention provides a method and system for testing the dust migration law of large-section tunnel excavation blasting, which combines the accuracy advantage of a dust sampler and the advantage of a dust sensor that can perform real-time monitoring, determines a target fitting function through a microelement method and a function fitting method, and finally corrects the real-time data monitored by the dust sensor according to the target fitting function, thereby alleviating the problem of lack of authenticity of the data caused by the sensor probe being covered by blasting dust, and making the test data of blasting dust more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for testing dust migration law in large-section tunnel excavation blasting provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of sensor arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a large-section tunnel excavation blasting dust migration law testing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing the dust migration law of large-section tunnel excavation blasting according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step S102, dust sensors are arranged at multiple preset measuring points within the measuring range in front of the face of the large-section tunnel to be measured, and a dust sampler is arranged at a target measuring point; the target measuring point is one of the multiple preset measuring points.

[0029] Step S104: Based on the dust sensor, a dust concentration variation curve corresponding to each preset measuring point within the target sampling time range is obtained.

[0030] Step S106: Based on the dust sampler, obtain the dust average concentration reference value of the target measuring point within a plurality of preset sampling intervals within the target sampling time range.

[0031] Step S108, based on the dust concentration change curve corresponding to the target measurement point over time, the average dust concentration measurement value within a plurality of preset sampling intervals is calculated using the microelement method.

[0032] Step S110, performing function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function.

[0033] Step S112, based on the target fitting function, the dust concentration variation with time curve corresponding to each preset measuring point is corrected to obtain a corrected dust concentration variation with time curve.

[0034] In the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: determining a plurality of preset measuring points at different distances and heights in front of the heading face of the large-section tunnel to be measured; wherein the spacing between adjacent preset measuring points is determined by the test area of ​​the dust sensor.

[0035] For example, in an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a point is selected in the blasting dust test area as measuring point A (i.e., the target measuring point). At measuring point A, a dust sensor is arranged at a height that is almost the same as the height at which the dust sampler is sampling, as the sensor data standard for the subsequent two test methods. At different distances from the palm face, a support frame with a height that can be raised and lowered and with two wings that can be extended is used. In combination with the characteristics of a large cross-section, other dust sensors of the same model are fixed at the height position that needs to be tested. According to the actual arrangement on site, the transmission line ends of dust sensors with similar distances are concentrated on the same integrated panel for data export. During this period, it is necessary to ensure that the recorded time of all sensors is a unified actual time.

[0036] The distribution of dust concentration at different heights may be different, so the sensor should be installed at an appropriate height. Usually, a position about 1.5-2 meters above the ground can better reflect the concentration of dust in the air. However, due to the influence of vertical airflow in large-section tunnels, multiple sensors need to be arranged at different heights to cover the entire tunnel section as much as possible.

[0037] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, a large-section tunnel is generally a combination of an arch and a rectangle. The entire large section can be regarded as a large rectangular shape after the arch is filled, assuming that the width and height are 2p and 2q respectively. The actual circular test area of ​​a single dust sensor is regarded as a square inscribed in the actual circle, assuming that the radius of the circle is r. In order to study the dust at the height of the human breathing zone 1.5m above the ground, the dust sensor is arranged starting from B at a height of 1.5m on the central axis of the tunnel. From B to the left and right of the central axis, [(pr) / 2r] sensors are arranged respectively. From B to the highest point of the section, a total of [(2q-1.5-r) / 2r] sensors are arranged. They are stacked and accumulated in sequence, so that the sensors with a square test area almost cover the entire rectangular large section. The remaining uncovered section wall surface can be left unarranged. The uncovered area surrounded by four circular test areas that are tangent to each other up, down, left, and right can be arranged with sensors at the center according to actual needs.

[0038] Specifically, step S106 also includes: determining the average dust concentration reference value within each preset sampling interval based on the filter membrane weighing method.

[0039] For example, in an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention,

[0040] Place the dust sampler at point A, install the previously dried and weighed filter membrane with a mass of m1, turn on the machine, set the collection flow rate to Q, take Q = 20L / min according to the dust concentration sampling standard, set the sampling time to t, and record the sampling start time t1 and t2. After the sampling is completed, take the filter membrane that captures the dust back to the laboratory for drying and weighing, and record its mass as m2.

[0041] According to the dust concentration calculation formula of the filter membrane weighing method, the average dust concentration at point A from t1 to t2 is calculated:

[0042]

[0043] Where ρ represents the dust mass concentration, mg / m 3 ; m2 represents the mass of the filter membrane after sampling, g; m1 represents the mass of the filter membrane before sampling, g; Q represents the sampling flow rate, and according to the dust concentration sampling standard, Q=20L / min; t is the sampling time, min.

[0044] The above steps can be repeated for sampling, weighing and calculation n times, and the average dust concentration within the n preset sampling intervals of the measuring point A is measured and recorded as y1, y2...yn.

[0045] Specifically, step S108 also includes: using the infinitesimal method to calculate the ratio of the area enclosed by the dust concentration variation curve over time and the x-axis to time in each preset sampling interval, so as to obtain the average dust concentration measurement value in each preset sampling interval.

[0046] In an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the dust concentration obtained by the dust sensor during the dust migration law test of large-section tunnel excavation blasting is plotted, and the ratio of the area enclosed by the dust concentration change curve between time t1 and t2 and the x-axis to time t (t=t2-t1) is calculated using the differential element method, that is, the average dust concentration measured by the sensor in the corresponding time. The n dust concentrations corresponding to the dust sensor at the measuring point A are calculated and recorded as x1, x2...xn.

[0047] In an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the target fitting function includes a linear fitting function; step S110 includes: performing linear fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value based on the least squares method.

[0048] Specifically, because the dust concentration measured by the dust sampler and the dust sensor is the same (i.e., the target measurement point), it conforms to the law of synchronous increase and decrease and is linearly related. Therefore, the target fitting function is constructed in the form of y=ax+b, and then the loss function is constructed.

[0049] Specifically, the loss function is used to measure the degree of difference between the model's predicted value and the true value. The smaller the loss function value, the better the model. In regression problems, the sum of squared errors is the most commonly used performance metric in regression tasks. The practical significance is the sum of the squares of the distances of the straight lines fitted from different data points. The smaller the distance, the smaller the error, and the better the mathematical model. The present invention sets the loss function L(a, b) equal to the sum of squared errors. Then the loss function is:

[0050]

[0051] By minimizing the sum of squared errors, we can find the best function matching for the data. We need to ensure that the sum of squared distances between each observation point and the estimated point is minimized, that is, to make as many (x, y) data points as possible fall on or are closer to the fitted line. Therefore, the loss function (sum of squared errors) is required to be minimized, which can be obtained by taking the partial derivative of L(a, b), and making the value of the first-order inverse 0:

[0052]

[0053] The closed-form solution of the optimal solution of a and b can be calculated as:

[0054]

[0055] In summary, the actual dust concentration (i.e., the average dust concentration reference value) obtained by n groups of dust samplers based on the filter membrane weighing method and the real-time dust concentration (i.e., the average dust concentration measurement value) calculated by the corresponding dust sensor reading can be used to obtain an optimal fitting function y=ax+b, which can be used to calibrate and correct the sensor data at different measuring points at different times in the future, so as to obtain the actual dust concentration value after large-section tunnel excavation blasting and analyze the dust migration law.

[0056] From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention provides a method for testing the dust migration law of large-section tunnel excavation blasting. Compared with the prior art, this method has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] (1) The dust test location range is wider:

[0058] The present invention utilizes a support frame with adjustable height and extendable wings, and combines the characteristics of a large cross-section to fix dust sensors at positions of different distances from the face and at heights that need to be tested. This can solve the shortcomings of the traditional testing method, i.e., the tester carries a handheld dust sampler to test the dust concentration at a limited height, and can monitor the migration patterns of dust during blasting in large-section tunnels in a more comprehensive and multi-point manner.

[0059] (2) Dust test data is more accurate:

[0060] The present invention combines the accuracy advantage of the dust sampler and the real-time monitoring advantage of the dust sensor, determines the target fitting function through the differential element method and the least squares fitting method, and determines the data correction method for calibrating and correcting the real-time numerical value monitored by the dust sensor based on the actual dust concentration calculated by the filter membrane weighing method, thereby alleviating the problem that the sensor probe is easily covered by blasting dust, resulting in a lack of authenticity in the data, and makes the test data of blasting dust more accurate.

[0061] (3) Wide applicability and good application prospects:

[0062] The present invention is not only suitable for testing and analyzing the dust migration laws of large-section tunnel excavation blasting, but can also be widely used in other engineering sites with large sections and high mining heights. With the advancement of science and technology, future underground engineering will show a trend of large-scale and complex development. The testing and analysis method based on the characteristics of large sections has shown excellent adaptability and broad application prospects.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a large-section tunnel excavation blasting dust migration law testing system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the system includes: a layout module 10 , a first monitoring module 20 , a second monitoring module 30 , a calculation module 40 , a fitting module 50 and a correction module 60 .

[0065] Specifically, the arrangement module 10 is used to arrange dust sensors at multiple preset measuring points within the measuring range in front of the face of the large-section tunnel to be measured, and to arrange a dust sampler at the target measuring point; the target measuring point is one of the multiple preset measuring points.

[0066] The first monitoring module 20 is used to obtain a dust concentration variation curve corresponding to each preset measuring point within a target sampling time range based on a dust sensor.

[0067] The second monitoring module 30 is used to obtain, based on the dust sampler, a reference value of the average dust concentration at a target measuring point within a plurality of preset sampling intervals within a target sampling time range.

[0068] The calculation module 40 is used to calculate the average dust concentration measurement value within a plurality of preset sampling intervals by using the microelement method based on the dust concentration change curve corresponding to the target measurement point over time.

[0069] The fitting module 50 is used to perform function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function.

[0070] The correction module 60 is used to correct the dust concentration variation with time curve corresponding to each preset measuring point based on the target fitting function to obtain the corrected dust concentration variation with time curve.

[0071] Specifically, the arrangement module 10 is also used to determine a plurality of preset measuring points at different distances and heights in front of the heading face of the large-section tunnel to be measured; wherein the spacing between adjacent preset measuring points is determined by the test area of ​​the dust sensor.

[0072] Specifically, the second monitoring module 30 is further used to determine the average dust concentration reference value within each preset sampling interval based on the filter membrane weighing method.

[0073] Specifically, the calculation module 40 is also used to calculate the ratio of the area enclosed by the dust concentration variation curve over time and the x-axis to time in each preset sampling interval using the differential element method to obtain the average dust concentration measurement value in each preset sampling interval.

[0074] In an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the target fitting function includes a linear fitting function; the fitting module 50 is further used to: perform linear fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value based on the least squares method.

[0075] The present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention when executing the computer program.

[0076] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0077] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0078] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0079] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0080] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0081] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0082] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0083] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0084] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for testing the dust migration law of large-section tunnel excavation blasting, characterized in that: include: Dust sensors are arranged at multiple preset measuring points within the measuring range in front of the face of the large-section tunnel to be measured, and dust samplers are arranged at the target measuring points; The target measuring point is one of the plurality of preset measuring points; Based on the dust sensor, a dust concentration variation curve corresponding to each preset measuring point within a target sampling time range is obtained; Based on the dust sampler, obtaining a reference value of the average dust concentration of the target measuring point within a plurality of preset sampling intervals within the target sampling time range; Based on the dust concentration change curve corresponding to the target measuring point over time, the average dust concentration measurement value within the plurality of preset sampling intervals is calculated using the differential element method; Performing function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function; The dust concentration variation with time curve corresponding to each preset measuring point is corrected based on the target fitting function to obtain a corrected dust concentration variation with time curve.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes: determining the plurality of preset measuring points at different distances and heights in front of the face of the large-section tunnel to be measured; wherein the spacing between adjacent preset measuring points is determined by the test area of ​​the dust sensor.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining the dust average concentration reference value of the target measuring point in a plurality of preset sampling intervals within the target sampling time range includes: determining the dust average concentration reference value in each preset sampling interval based on a filter membrane weighing method.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the dust concentration change curve corresponding to the target measurement point over time, the average dust concentration measurement value within the plurality of preset sampling intervals is calculated using the differential element method, including: The ratio of the area enclosed by the dust concentration variation curve with time and the x-axis to time in each preset sampling interval is calculated by using the differential element method to obtain the average dust concentration measurement value in each preset sampling interval.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target fitting function includes a linear fitting function; performing function fitting on the average dust concentration reference value and the average dust concentration measurement value includes: performing linear fitting on the average dust concentration reference value and the average dust concentration measurement value based on the least squares method.

6. A large-section tunnel excavation blasting dust migration law testing system, characterized in that: include: Arrangement module, first monitoring module, second monitoring module, calculation module, fitting module and correction module; wherein, The arrangement module is used to arrange dust sensors at a plurality of preset measuring points within a measuring range in front of the face of the large-section tunnel to be measured, and to arrange a dust sampler at a target measuring point; the target measuring point is one of the plurality of preset measuring points; The first monitoring module is used to obtain, based on the dust sensor, a dust concentration change curve corresponding to each preset measuring point within a target sampling time range; The second monitoring module is used to obtain, based on the dust sampler, a reference value of the average dust concentration of the target measuring point within a plurality of preset sampling intervals within the target sampling time range; The calculation module is used to calculate the average dust concentration measurement value within the plurality of preset sampling intervals using a differential element method based on the dust concentration change curve corresponding to the target measurement point over time; The fitting module is used to perform function fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value to obtain a target fitting function; The correction module is used to correct the dust concentration variation over time curve corresponding to each preset measuring point based on the target fitting function to obtain the corrected dust concentration variation over time curve.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The arrangement module is further used to determine the plurality of preset measuring points at different distances and heights in front of the heading face of the large-section tunnel to be measured; wherein the spacing between adjacent preset measuring points is determined by the test area of ​​the dust sensor.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The target fitting function includes a linear fitting function; the fitting module is further used to: perform linear fitting on the dust average concentration reference value and the dust average concentration measurement value based on the least squares method.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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