Optimization Design Method for the Scale of Subway Station Air Duct

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of the planar design of subway station air ducts, and discloses an optimized design method for the scale of subway station air ducts. First, according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined, and then according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the outline information of the ground building of the subway station air duct, the coordinates of each endpoint of the ground building of the subway station air duct are determined; then according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct is determined, and then according to the closest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body, the width of the ground building of the air duct and the inclination angle, the coordinates of each endpoint of the underground building of the subway station air duct are determined; thus, the subway station air duct is designed. While meeting the basic functions of the air duct, the scale of the air duct is minimized as much as possible to reduce the project cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the planar design of subway station air ducts, and particularly to a method for optimizing the design of the scale of subway station air ducts. Background Art

[0002] As a highly efficient and high-capacity urban rail transit tool, the subway is crucial for the sustainable development of the city. It effectively alleviates the ground traffic pressure, reduces road congestion and air pollution, and is an indispensable part of the modern urban transportation system. The design and layout of the subway air duct are crucial for ensuring the safe, comfortable and efficient operation of the subway system. The air duct plays a role in ventilation and air exchange in the subway system, ensuring air quality and exhausting the heat, waste gas and possible fire smoke generated during train operation.

[0003] As mentioned above. During the design process of the subway station air duct, the main purpose is to achieve its functionality, and at the same time, its scale needs to be considered. An overly large air duct will increase the initial construction cost, including material costs, construction difficulty and occupation of more underground space. An air duct of an appropriate scale can reduce the project construction cost and the energy consumption of equipment such as fans on the premise of ensuring the ventilation effect, thereby reducing the long-term operation cost.

[0004] In the existing design methods, usually only its function is considered. To meet the functional requirements, redundant designs are usually made, resulting in an enlarged scale and increased construction cost.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for optimizing the design of the scale of subway station air ducts to reasonably control its scale while meeting the functions of the subway station air duct, controlling the construction cost, and achieving the goal of high-quality development of subway construction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the design of the scale of subway station air ducts, including the following steps:

[0007] S1: Determine the initial design point of the subway station air duct ground building according to the inclination angle between the subway station air duct ground building and the station line.

[0008] S2: Based on the initial design point of the subway station air duct ground building, determine the coordinates of each end point of the subway station air duct ground building according to the quadrant where the subway station air duct ground building is located and the outline information of the subway station air duct ground building.

[0009] S3: Determine the initial design point of the subway station air duct underground building according to the quadrant where the subway station air duct ground building is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station.

[0010] S4: Based on the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each endpoint of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, the width of the ground building of the air duct, and the inclination angle.

[0011] S5: Design the subway station air duct with the coordinates of each endpoint of the ground building of the subway station air duct and the coordinates of each endpoint of the underground building of the subway station air duct.

[0012] Further, in S1, determining the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line includes the following steps:

[0013] S11: Judge the positive and negative relationship of the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line;

[0014] S12: Select the calculation method for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct according to the positive and negative relationship;

[0015] S13: Determine the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct according to the selected calculation method for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct.

[0016] Further, in S12, selecting the calculation method for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct according to the positive and negative relationship specifically includes:

[0017] If α≥0, the calculation formula for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct is:

[0018] X 上 =L1 - δ + β - L u ;

[0019] Y 上 =2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D;

[0020] If α<0, the calculation formula for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct is:

[0021] X 上 =L1 - δ + β;

[0022] Y 上 =2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D;

[0023] In the formula, α is the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, X 上 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct, Y 上Denote the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct. Let D1 represent the distance between the station line and the platform edge, D2 represent the distance between the station line and the inner side of the outer wall of the subway station main body, W represent the platform width, and L l Denote the perpendicular distance between the end mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform. Let δ represent the thickness of the outer wall of the subway station main body, β represent the thickness of the wall of the ground building of the air duct, and L u Denote the length of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and D represent the closest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the subway station main body.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer contour information of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined by the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, the area of each ground building of the subway station air duct, and the building spacing, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S21: Obtain the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, including the distance D1 between the station line and the platform edge, the distance D2 between the station line and the inner side of the outer wall of the subway station main body, and the platform width , the perpendicular distance L between the starting mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform r , the perpendicular distance L between the end mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform l , and the thickness δ of the outer wall of the subway station main body;

[0026] S22: Obtain the area and building spacing of each ground building of the subway station air duct;

[0027] S23: Determine the outer contour information of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, the area and building spacing of each ground building of the subway station air duct; the outer contour information of the ground building of the subway station air duct includes the length L u and width W u .

[0028] Furthermore, in S3, according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, determine the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, specifically including:

[0029] S31: According to the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, determine the absolute value of the abscissa and the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, and the calculation formula is:

[0030] X 下 =L r -δ;

[0031] Y 下 =2D1+W+D2+δ+W1;

[0032] In the formula, X 下 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, and Y 下 represents the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, and W1 represents the external expansion width of the shield section;

[0033] S32: Based on the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located, respectively assign corresponding positive and negative values to the absolute value of the abscissa and the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct to obtain the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct.

[0034] Furthermore, in the above S4, based on the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, according to the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, the width of the ground building of the air duct, and the inclination angle, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct, specifically including:

[0035] S41: Obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, and compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold, and determine the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body according to the comparison result;

[0036] S42: Based on the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct;

[0037] S43: Based on the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, according to the shortest distance, the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct, the inclination angle, and the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above S41, obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, and compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold, and determine the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body, specifically as follows:

[0039] S411: Based on the inclination angle, obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct:

[0040] If α≥0°, then D min =D+(L u -M)×sinα;

[0041] If α<0°, then D min =D;

[0042] Among them, D minLet \(L\) be the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, \(D\) be the shortest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the subway station main body, \(M\) be the total length of the two piston air shafts and their spacing in the ground building of the air duct, \(\alpha\) be the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line. u Let \(L\) be the length of the ground building of the subway station air duct;

[0043] S412: Compare the said shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold, and determine the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body according to the comparison result:

[0044] If \(D\) min < A, then \(L\) d = L u - 2β;

[0045] If \(A\leq D\) min < B, then \(L\) d = P;

[0046] If \(D\) min ≥ B, then \(L\) d = Q;

[0047] Wherein, \(L\) d represents the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body, \(\beta\) represents the thickness of the wall of the ground building of the air duct, \(A\) represents the piston air duct length threshold when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station main body, \(B\) represents the piston air duct length threshold when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station air duct, \(P\) represents the inner net length of the interface between the station air duct and the station main body when there is and only one set of emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct inside the station main body, \(Q\) represents the inner net length of the interface between the station air duct and the station main body when both sets of emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are inside the station main body, and \(A < B\), \(L\) u - 2β > P > Q.

[0048] Furthermore, in the said S42, based on the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct, specifically including:

[0049] If \(\alpha\geq0^{\circ}\), and \(D\) min < A, then there is no need to set an outer expansion section at the end of the air duct;

[0050] If \(\alpha\geq0^{\circ}\), and \(D\) min ≥ A, then an outer expansion section at the end of the air duct needs to be set; determine the width \(D\) of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct according to the evacuation net width and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft 外扩 ;

[0051] When \(\alpha < 0^{\circ}\), as Figure 7 shown,

[0052] If α < 0°, and D min < A, then there is no need to set the outward expansion section at the end of the air duct;

[0053] If α < 0°, and D min ≥ A, and (L u - β) × cosα ≤ L d + β, then there is no need to set the outward expansion section at the end of the air duct;

[0054] If α < 0°, and D min ≥ A, and (L u - β) × cosα > L d + β, then it is necessary to set the outward expansion section at the end of the air duct; determine the width D of the outward expansion section at the end of the air duct according to the evacuation net width and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft 外扩 .

[0055] Among them, W u represents the width of the ground building of the air duct of the subway station, and D 外扩 represents the outward expansion width at the end of the air duct.

[0056] Furthermore, after S5, it also includes determining the location of the subway station evacuation exit according to the subway station air duct, specifically:

[0057] Obtain the underground building areas of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides respectively based on the coordinate points of each end of the underground building of the subway station air duct;

[0058] Obtain the main body area on the left side and the main body area on the right side of the subway station respectively;

[0059] Based on the underground building areas of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides, the main body area on the left side and the main body area on the right side of the subway station, determine the sum of the areas of the underground building of the subway station air duct on each side and the subway station main body on its corresponding side respectively;

[0060] Set the subway station evacuation exit on the side with the larger sum of areas, and complete the determination of the location of the subway station evacuation exit.

[0061] Furthermore, after determining the location of the subway station evacuation exit, it also includes:

[0062] Optimize the design of the scale of the subway station air duct on the side corresponding to the subway station evacuation exit, where the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line and the width of the evacuation exit.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:

[0064] The subway station air duct size optimization design method provided by this application first determines the initial design point of the subway station air duct ground building according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, and then determines the coordinates of each endpoint of the subway station air duct ground building according to the quadrant where the subway station air duct ground building is located and the outline information of the subway station air duct ground building. Then, according to the quadrant where the subway station air duct ground building is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, the initial design point of the subway station air duct underground building is determined, and then according to the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the subway station air duct ground building and the outer contour of the station main body, the width of the air duct ground building, and the inclination angle, the coordinates of each endpoint of the subway station air duct underground building are determined. Finally, the subway station air duct is designed based on the coordinates of each endpoint of the subway station air duct ground building and the coordinates of each endpoint of the subway station air duct underground building. The subway station air duct obtained in this way minimizes the air duct size while meeting the basic functions of the air duct, reducing the project cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0066] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the subway station air duct size optimization design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the scenario when the inclination angle α≥0 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the scenario when the inclination angle α<0 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the endpoints of the subway station air duct ground building when the inclination angle α≥0 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the endpoints of the subway station air duct ground building when the inclination angle α<0 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct when the inclination angle α≥0 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct when the inclination angle α<0 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct when the inclination angle α≥0 provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the external expansion width of the shield section provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the present invention.

[0076] Based on the distance between the ground building of the air duct and the main body of the station and the angle of the ground building of the air duct, through the preset optimization rules, the two-dimensional dimension data of the air duct are determined to realize the refined design of the plan of the subway station air duct and achieve the purpose of scale control. Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for optimizing the scale design of the subway station air duct provided by the embodiment of the present invention. See Figure 1 , which specifically includes the following steps: The present invention provides a method for optimizing the scale design of the subway station air duct, including the following steps:

[0077] S1: Determine the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line;

[0078] Exemplarily, a coordinate system can be established, that is, taking the intersection position of the platform center mileage line and the right line of the line as the coordinate origin, selecting the forward direction of the vehicle on the right line of the line as the positive direction of the X-axis, establishing a coordinate system, and determining the coordinates of each point in this coordinate system.

[0079] Exemplarily, in the design of the general plan of the subway station, usually the subway line map is used as the previous data. The center mileage line of the line is usually used to determine the distance between the upper and lower stations on the subway line, and the outline lines of each component of the subway main body are usually parallel or perpendicular to the right line of the line. Therefore, it is stipulated that the intersection position of the platform center mileage line and the right line of the line is the coordinate origin, and the forward direction of the vehicle on the right line is the positive direction of the X-axis. Then determine the coordinates of each point in this coordinate system.

[0080] Among them, the inclination angle is the included angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, and the included angle with the positive direction of the X-axis is positive.

[0081] The ground building of the subway station air duct is used to represent the part of the station air duct above the ground, including the ventilation shaft and the ventilation pavilion; the underground building of the station air duct is used to represent the part of the station air duct below the ground.

[0082] In some embodiments, in S1, according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined, including the following steps:

[0083] S11: Determine the positive or negative relationship of the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line;

[0084] S12: Select the calculation method for the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the positive or negative relationship;

[0085] In some embodiments, in S12, selecting the calculation method for the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the positive or negative relationship specifically includes:

[0086] If α≥0, as Figure 2 shown, the calculation formula for the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct is:

[0087] X 上 =L1 - δ + β - L u ;

[0088] Y 上 =2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D;

[0089] If α<0, as Figure 3 shown, the calculation formula for the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct is:

[0090] X 上 =L1 - δ + β;

[0091] Y 上 =2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D;

[0092] In the formula, α is the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, X 上 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, Y 上 represents the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, D1 represents the distance between the station line and the platform edge, D2 represents the distance between the station line and the inner side of the outer wall of the subway station main body, W represents the platform width, L l represents the vertical distance between the end mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform, δ represents the thickness of the outer wall of the subway station main body, β represents the thickness of the wall of the ground building of the air duct, L u represents the length of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and D represents the closest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the subway station main body.

[0093] In the foregoing method, the initial position of the ground building design is different when α≥0 and when α<0, and the reasons are as follows:

[0094] For the convenience of calculation and drawing, after obtaining the inclination angle α between the ground building of the air duct and the station line, the ground building of the air duct needs to rotate around the initial design point. When α≥0, it rotates counterclockwise, and when α<0, it rotates clockwise;

[0095] At the same time, the obtained distance in the design is the shortest distance D between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the main body of the subway station. The rotation of the ground building of the air duct around the starting point of the design should not change the shortest distance, that is, the ground building of the air duct always rotates to a position away from the outer edge of the main body. To ensure this, the present invention selects the corresponding calculation method for the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the positive and negative relationship of the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line.

[0096] S13: Determine the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the selected calculation method for the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct.

[0097] S2: Based on the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each end point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the outline information of the ground building of the subway station air duct;

[0098] Determine the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located according to the ground road or landscape of the subway line;

[0099] Exemplarily, the ground building of the subway station air duct cannot be set casually. It should neither affect the ground road traffic and needs to keep a certain distance from the ground road, nor affect other ground structures to avoid affecting their land occupation rights. It also needs to keep the necessary fire prevention distance and environmental assessment distance from the surrounding buildings on the ground. Thus, the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located is determined. The area of the coordinate point is the first quadrant, and the area of the coordinate point is the second quadrant, and the area of the coordinate point is the third quadrant, and the area of the coordinate point is the fourth quadrant. To meet the above requirements, the shortest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the station main body is set to 3m.

[0100] In some embodiments, the outline information of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined by the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, the area of each ground building of the subway station air duct, and the building spacing, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0101] S21: Obtain the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, including the distance D1 between the station line and the platform edge, the distance D2 between the station line and the inner side of the outer wall of the subway station main body, the platform width , the vertical distance L between the starting mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform r , the vertical distance L between the ending mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform l , and the thickness δ of the outer wall of the subway station main body;

[0102] S22: Obtain the areas and building spacings of the ground buildings of the subway station air duct;

[0103] S23: Determine the outer contour information of the ground buildings of the subway station air duct according to the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, and the areas and building spacings of the ground buildings of the subway station air duct; the outer contour information of the ground buildings of the subway station air duct includes the length L u and the width W u .

[0104] Exemplarily, when the inclination angle α ≥ 0, as Figure 4 shown, points N1 and N2 are the two end points of the ground building of the subway station air duct respectively, and the coordinates of point N1 can be calculated using the following method:

[0105] X N1X = X 上 + L u × cosα;

[0106] Y N1Y = Y 上 + L u × sinα;

[0107] In the formula, X N1X is the X coordinate of point N1 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0, and Y N1Y is the Y coordinate of point N1 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0.

[0108] The coordinates of point N2 can be calculated using the following method:

[0109] X N2X = X N1X + W u × cosα;

[0110] Y N2Y = Y N1Y － W u × sinα;

[0111] In the formula, X N2X is the X coordinate of point N2 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0, and Y N2Y is the Y coordinate of point N2 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0.

[0112] Exemplarily, when the inclination angle α < 0, such as Figure 5 shown, points N1 and N2 are the two end points of the ground building of the subway station air duct respectively. The coordinate calculation of point N1 can use the following method:

[0113] X N1X = X 上 + W u × sinα;

[0114] Y N1Y = Y 上 + W u × cosα;

[0115] In the formula, X N1X is the X coordinate of point N1 when the inclination angle α < 0, and Y N1Y is the Y coordinate of point N1 when the inclination angle α < 0.

[0116] The coordinate calculation of point N2 can use the following method:

[0117] X N2X = X N1X － L u × cosα;

[0118] Y N2Y = Y N1Y + L u × sinα;

[0119] In the formula, X N2X is the X coordinate of point N2 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0, and Y N2Y is the Y coordinate of point N2 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0.

[0120] According to this example, the calculation method of the coordinates of other end points of the ground building of the subway station air duct is the same as above.

[0121] S3: Determine the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station;

[0122] In some embodiments, in S3, according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, determining the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct specifically includes:

[0123] S31: Determine the absolute value of the abscissa and the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the relationship information between the station line and the subway station. The calculation formula is:

[0124] X 下 = L r - δ;

[0125] Y 下 = 2D1 + W + D2 + δ + W1;

[0126] In the formula, X 下 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, and Y 下 represents the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct. W1 represents the external expansion width of the shield section, as shown in Figure 9 ;

[0127] S32: Based on the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located, respectively assign corresponding positive and negative values to the absolute value of the abscissa and the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct to obtain the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct.

[0128] S4: Based on the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, the width of the ground building of the air duct, and the inclination angle;

[0129] In some embodiments, in S4, based on the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, the width of the ground building of the air duct, and the inclination angle, specifically including:

[0130] S41: Obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, and compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold, and determine the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body according to the comparison result;

[0131] In the traditional subway station air duct design method, the internal net length L of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body d is usually customized, that is, usually L d = L u , that is, the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body is the same as the length of the ground building of the iron station air duct. However, the inventor of this application found that when the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct is different, setting the internal net length L of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body d uniformly as the length of the ground building of the iron station air duct is too arbitrary, resulting in unnecessary space waste and increasing the project cost. In this application, the shortest distance D between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station main body in the ground building of the subway station air duct minIt is divided into multiple value ranges according to the inclination angle α of the ground building outline of the subway station air duct, and different inner net lengths L of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body are set for different value ranges d to reduce the scale of the subway station air duct.

[0132] The ground building of the air duct usually includes: fresh air shaft, exhaust air shaft, piston air shaft 1, piston air shaft 2 and safety evacuation opening (whether the safety evacuation opening is set has been described above). There are spacing requirements between each air shaft. The above L u is based on the total length of each air shaft and the safety evacuation opening, including the spacing between each air shaft. The underground part of the air duct is provided with air ducts connecting each air shaft and evacuation channels connecting the safety evacuation openings. Silencers, air defense doors and corresponding civil engineering structures are provided in the air ducts and evacuation channels. Accident fans are provided in the two piston air shafts for emergency ventilation. The inner net length L of the interface between the air duct and the station main body d depends on the air passing area of the air duct, the evacuation width, and the space for placing the accident fan. When the length of the air duct is large enough, the internal spaces, equipment and facilities can be arranged in a staggered manner, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the inner net length of the interface between the air duct and the station main body, and thus controlling the overall plane scale of the air duct.

[0133] In some embodiments, in S41, the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body is obtained, and the shortest distance is compared with the piston air duct length threshold, and the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body is determined according to the comparison result. Specifically:

[0134] S411: Based on the inclination angle, obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body:

[0135] If α≥0°, then D min =D+(L u -M)×sinα;

[0136] If α<0°, then D min =D;

[0137] Wherein, D min is the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body, D is the shortest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the subway station main body, M is the total length of the two piston air shafts and their spacing in the ground building of the air duct, α is the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, and L u is the length of the ground building of the subway station air duct;

[0138] S412: Compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold, and determine the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body according to the comparison result:

[0139] Case 1: If D min < A, then L d = L u - 2β;

[0140] It is determined based on the lengths of the two piston air shafts and their spacing. A is determined based on the occupied lengths of the piston air ducts, fans, and mufflers. In this case, since is relatively small, the emergency fans, mufflers, etc. in the two piston air ducts are all inside the station main body, and their width values cannot be reduced, and they are kept consistent with the length of the ground building of the air duct. Since it stipulates the minimum distance between the ground building of the air duct and the edge of the station main body, so if there is a certain angle in the ground building of the air duct, the length of the piston air duct will change accordingly. Therefore, is used for correction, and the corrected air duct length is used for the above determination, which can increase the accuracy of the determination. See Figure 6 as shown.

[0141] Case 2: If A ≤ D min < B, then L d = P;

[0142] As described in the explanation of Case 1, when , one emergency fan is installed in the piston air duct, and the other emergency fan is installed inside the station main body. At this time, the L d length can be reduced to . As mentioned above, this value is not unique and is determined comprehensively according to the air passing area of each air duct, the width of the emergency fan, the evacuation width, etc.

[0143] Case 3: If D min ≥ B, then L d = Q;

[0144] As described in the explanation of Case 1, when , two emergency fans are installed in the piston air duct, and no emergency fan needs to be installed inside the station main body. At this time, the L d length can be reduced to Q. As mentioned above, this value Q is not unique and is determined comprehensively according to the air passing area of each air duct, the width of the emergency fan, the evacuation width, etc.

[0145] As mentioned above, since D stipulates the minimum distance between the ground building of the air duct and the station main body, so when , the position of the piston air shaft controls the length of the piston air duct, and no trigonometric function correction is required. See Figure 7 as shown.

[0146] Among them, L dLet \(L\) denote the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body, \(\beta\) denote the thickness of the wall of the ground building of the air duct, \(A\) denote the threshold value of the piston air duct length when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station main body, \(B\) denote the threshold value of the piston air duct length when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station air duct, \(P\) denote the internal net length of the interface between the station air duct and the station main body when only one set of the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct is inside the station main body, and \(Q\) denote the internal net length of the interface between the station air duct and the station main body when both sets of the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are inside the station main body, and \(A < B\). u \(L - 2\beta> P> Q\).

[0147] By comparing the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body with the threshold value of the piston air duct length, the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body is determined, taking into account different scenarios, further reducing the scale of the air duct and thus reducing the project cost.

[0148] S42: Determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct based on the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct;

[0149] In some embodiments, in S42, based on the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct is determined. Setting the outer expansion section is to ensure that there is sufficient path space in the underground building space of the air duct, enabling access from the underground building space of the air duct to the evacuation exit to ensure the emergency safety of personnel; and the air in the fresh air shaft can flow into the underground building of the air duct to ensure air circulation in the underground building of the air duct. As shown by \(D_{expansion}\) in Figure 6 - Figure 7 the brown part in the upper left corner of the figure represents the evacuation exit, and the light blue next to it represents the fresh air shaft. The calculation method for the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct specifically includes:

[0150] If \(\alpha\geq0^{\circ}\) and \(D\) min < A, then there is no need to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct;

[0151] At this time, the shortest distance \(D\) between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body min , is less than the threshold value \(A\) of the piston air duct length when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station main body. There is already sufficient path space to allow access from the underground building space of the air duct to the evacuation exit and fresh air shaft for air passage. Therefore, there is no need to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct, nor to determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct.

[0152] If \(\alpha\geq0^{\circ}\) and \(D\) min \(\geq A\), then it is necessary to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct to ensure that there is sufficient path space to allow access from the underground building space of the air duct to the evacuation exit and fresh air shaft for air passage, as shown in Figure 6As shown. Determine the width D of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct based on the evacuation net width and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft. 外扩 : The larger the evacuation net width, the larger the D set. 外扩 The larger the air passing area of the fresh air shaft and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft, the larger the D set. 外扩 The larger the D set; vice versa. 外扩 The smaller.

[0153] If α < 0°, and D min < A, then there is no need to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct. The reason is the same as the case when α ≥ 0° and D min < A;

[0154] If α < 0°, and D min ≥ A, and (L u - β) × cosα ≤ L d + β, then there is no need to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct; because there is already enough path space at this time, there is no need to set an additional expansion section, nor to determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct.

[0155] If α < 0°, and D min ≥ A, and (L u - β) × cosα > L d + β, then it is necessary to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct to ensure there is enough path space to allow passage from the underground building space of the air duct to the evacuation opening and the fresh air shaft for air passing, as Figure 7 shown. Determine the width D of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct based on the evacuation net width and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft. 外扩 : The larger the evacuation net width, the larger the D set. 外扩 The larger the air passing area of the fresh air shaft and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft, the larger the D set. 外扩 The larger the D set; vice versa. 外扩 The smaller.

[0156] Among them, W u represents the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and D 外扩 represents the outer expansion width at the end of the air duct.

[0157] S43: Based on the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the shortest distance, the width of the enlarged section at the end of the air duct, the inclination angle, and the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body.

[0158] S5: Design the subway station air duct with the coordinates of each end point of the ground building of the subway station air duct and the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct.

[0159] The subway station air duct scale optimization design method provided by this application minimizes the air duct scale and reduces the project cost while meeting the basic functions of the air duct.

[0160] Exemplarily, taking Figure 8 as an example, the calculation method of the endpoint coordinates of the underground structure of the subway station air duct is demonstrated.

[0161] Points N3 and N4 are the two endpoints of the underground structure of the subway station air duct respectively. The coordinate calculation of point N3 can use the following method:

[0162] X N3X = X 下 ;

[0163] ;

[0164] In the formula, X N3X is the X coordinate of point N3 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0°, and Y N3Y is the Y coordinate of point N3 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0°.

[0165] X N4X = X 下 - L d ;

[0166] Y N4Y = 2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D - D 外扩 × cosα;

[0167] In the formula, X N4X is the X coordinate of point N4 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0°, and Y N4Y is the Y coordinate of point N4 when the inclination angle α ≥ 0°.

[0168] According to this example, the calculation methods of the coordinates of other endpoints of the underground structure of the subway station air duct are the same as above. The outer contour of the underground structure of the air duct is expanded by an attached wall thickness γ on the basis of each point of the inner contour.

[0169] In some embodiments, after S5, it further includes:

[0170] S6: Determine the location of the subway station evacuation exit according to the subway station air duct, specifically:

[0171] Based on the coordinates of each endpoint of the underground structure of the subway station air duct, obtain the underground building areas of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides respectively;

[0172] Obtain the left main body area and the right main body area of the subway station respectively;

[0173] Based on the underground building areas of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides, the main body area on the left side of the subway station, and the main body area on the right side, determine the sum of the areas of the underground buildings of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides and the main bodies of the subway stations on their respective sides.

[0174] Set the subway station evacuation exit on the side with the larger sum of areas to complete the determination of the location of the subway station evacuation exit.

[0175] On the side with the larger sum of areas, try to set up workrooms, etc. on this side to improve space utilization. To improve the evacuation ability of the staff in the workroom in case of an accident, set the subway station evacuation exit on this side as well. While further improving space utilization and reducing project costs, enhance the safety of the station.

[0176] In some embodiments, determining the location of the subway station evacuation exit according to the subway station air duct in S6 further includes:

[0177] S7: Optimize the design of the scale of the subway station air duct on the side corresponding to the subway station evacuation exit, where the initial point of optimizing the design of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line and the width of the evacuation exit.

[0178] Specifically, if α≥0, the calculation formula for the initial point of the design of the ground building of the subway station air duct is:

[0179] X ‘ 上 = - +β - L u -W2;

[0180] Y ‘ 上 = ;

[0181] If α<0, the calculation formula for the initial point of the design of the ground building of the subway station air duct is:

[0182] X ‘ 上 = - +β;

[0183] Y ‘ 上 = ;

[0184] Among them, X ‘ 上 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial point of optimizing the design of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and Y ‘ 上 represents the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of optimizing the design of the ground building of the subway station air duct.

[0185] Optimize the initial point according to the design of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and use the methods in steps S4 and S5 to optimize the design of the subway station air duct, making the design more in line with the usage scenario.

[0186] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Optimization design method for the scale of the air duct in a subway station, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Determine the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line; S2: Based on the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each end point of the ground building of the subway station air duct according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the outer contour information of the ground building of the subway station air duct; Among them, the outer contour information of the ground building of the subway station air duct is determined by the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, the area of each ground building of the subway station air duct, and the building spacing, and specifically includes the following steps: S21: Obtain the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, including the distance D1 between the station line and the platform edge, the distance D2 between the station line and the inner side of the outer wall of the subway station main body, and the platform width , the vertical distance L between the starting mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform r , the vertical distance L between the ending mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform l , the thickness δ of the outer wall of the subway station main body; S22: Obtain the area of each ground building of the subway station air duct and the building spacing; S23: Determine the outline information of the above-ground buildings of the subway station air duct based on the relationship information between the station lines and the subway station, and the areas and building spacings of the above-ground buildings of each air duct of the subway station; the outline information of the above-ground buildings of the subway station air duct includes the length L of the above-ground buildings of the subway station air duct u and the width W u ; S3: Determine the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located and the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, specifically including: S31: According to the relationship information between the station line and the subway station, determine the absolute value of the abscissa and the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct. The calculation formula is: X 下 = L r - δ; Y 下 = 2D1 + W + D2 + δ + W1; Where X 下 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, and Y 下 represents the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial point of the underground building design of the subway station air duct, and W1 represents the widened width outside the shield section; S32: Based on the quadrant where the ground building of the subway station air duct is located, respectively assign corresponding positive and negative values to the absolute value of the abscissa and the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct to obtain the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct; S4: Based on the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct according to the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body, the width of the ground building of the air duct, and the inclination angle, specifically including: S41: Obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft in the ground building of the subway station air duct and the outer contour of the station main body, and compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold. According to the comparison result, determine the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body; S42: Based on the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct; S43: Based on the initial design point of the underground building of the subway station air duct, according to the shortest distance, the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct, the inclination angle, and the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body, determine the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct; S5: Design the subway station air duct with the coordinates of each end point of the ground building of the subway station air duct and the coordinates of each end point of the underground building of the subway station air duct.

2. The optimized design method for the scale of the subway station air duct according to claim 1, wherein In S1, according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, determining the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct includes the following steps: S11: Judge the positive and negative relationship of the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line; S12: According to the positive and negative relationship, select the calculation method of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct; S13: According to the selected calculation method of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct.

3. The optimized design method for the scale of the subway station air duct according to claim 2, wherein In S12, according to the positive and negative relationship, selecting the calculation method of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct specifically includes: If α ≥ 0, the calculation formula for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct is as follows: X 上 = L1 - δ + β - L u Y 上 = 2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D; If α < 0, the calculation formula for the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct is as follows: X 上 = L1 - δ + β; Y 上 = 2D1 + W + D2 + δ + D; Where α is the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, X 上 represents the absolute value of the abscissa of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, Y 上 represents the absolute value of the ordinate of the initial design point of the ground building of the subway station air duct, D1 represents the distance between the station line and the platform edge, D2 represents the distance between the station line and the inner side of the outer wall of the subway station main body, W represents the platform width, L l represents the vertical distance between the end mileage line of the subway station and the center mileage line of the platform, δ represents the thickness of the outer wall of the subway station main body, β represents the thickness of the wall of the ground building of the air duct, L u represents the length of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and D represents the closest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the subway station main body.

4. The optimized design method for the air duct scale of a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that In S41, obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, and compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold. According to the comparison result, determine the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station body, specifically: S411: Based on the inclination angle, obtain the shortest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station body in the ground building of the subway station air duct: If α ≥ 0°, then D min = D + (L u - M) × sin α; If α < 0°, then D min = D; Among them, D min is the closest distance between the piston air shaft and the outer contour of the station body in the ground building of the subway station air duct, D is the closest distance between the ground building of the air duct and the outer edge of the subway station main body, M is the total length of the two piston air shafts and their spacing in the ground building of the air duct, α is the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line, L u is the length of the ground building of the subway station air duct; S412: Compare the shortest distance with the piston air duct length threshold, and determine the inner net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station body according to the comparison result: If D min < A, then L d = L u - 2β; If A ≤ D min B, then L d = P; If D min ≥ B, then L d = Q; Among them, L d represents the internal net length of the interface between the underground building of the air duct and the station main body, β represents the thickness of the wall of the ground building of the air duct, A represents the length threshold of the piston air duct when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station main body, B represents the length threshold of the piston air duct when the emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct are both inside the station air duct, P represents the internal net length of the interface between the station air duct and the station main body when there is only one set of emergency fan and muffler in the piston air duct inside the station main body, Q represents the internal net length of the interface between the station air duct and the station main body when the emergency fan and muffler in both sets of piston air ducts are inside the station main body, and A < B, L u - 2β > P > Q.

5. The optimized design method for the scale of the subway station air duct according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S42, based on the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, determine the width of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct, specifically including: If α≥0°, and D min <A, there is no need to set an outward expansion section at the end of the air duct; If α≥0°, and D min ≥A, an outer expansion section at the end of the air duct needs to be set; the width D of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct is determined according to the evacuation net width and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft 外扩 ; If α < 0°, and D min < A, then there is no need to set the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct; If α < 0°, and D min ≥ A, and (L u - β) × cos α ≤ L d + β, then there is no need to set an outer expansion section at the end of the air duct; If α < 0°, and D min ≥ A, and (L u - β) × cos α > L d + β, then an outer expansion section at the end of the air duct needs to be set; the width D of the outer expansion section at the end of the air duct is determined according to the evacuation net width and the air passing area of the fresh air shaft 外扩 ; Among them, W u represents the width of the ground building of the subway station air duct, and D 外扩 represents the outward expansion width at the end of the air duct.

6. The optimized design method for the scale of the subway station air duct according to claim 1, wherein After S5, it also includes determining the location of the subway station evacuation exit according to the subway station air duct, specifically: According to the coordinates of each endpoint of the underground building of the subway station air duct, obtain the underground building areas of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides respectively; Obtain the main body area on the left side and the main body area on the right side of the subway station respectively; According to the underground building areas of the subway station air ducts on the left and right sides, the main body area on the left side and the main body area on the right side of the subway station, determine the sum of the areas of the underground building of the subway station air duct on each side and the subway station main body on its corresponding side respectively; Set the subway station evacuation exit on the side with the larger sum of areas to complete the determination of the location of the subway station evacuation exit.

7. The optimized design method for the scale of the subway station air duct according to claim 6, characterized in that After determining the location of the subway station evacuation exit, it also includes: Optimally set the scale design of the subway station air duct on the side corresponding to the subway station evacuation exit, where the initial point of the ground building design of the subway station air duct is determined according to the inclination angle between the ground building of the subway station air duct and the station line and the width of the evacuation exit.

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