A Method for Optimizing the Residual Voltage of Metal Oxide Arrester with Series Gap

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for optimizing the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, which relates to the technical field of lightning protection and includes: a working circuit, a metal oxide arrester, and a sealed gas gap device; the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, and after the metal oxide arrester and the sealed gas gap device are connected in series, they are connected in parallel with the working circuit. The present invention improves the residual voltage of the metal oxide arrester connected in series therewith by changing the air pressure and spacing of the sealed series gap. On the premise of ensuring that the breakdown voltage of the sealed series gap remains unchanged, by cooperating to change the pressure of the sealed gas and the distance between the upper and lower electrodes of the sealed cavity, the gas density and electric field strength are changed. Appropriate adjustment can shorten the breakdown delay time and further affect the residual voltage of the arrester connected in series with the gap. The cooperation method provided by the present invention can appropriately reduce the residual voltage of the metal oxide arrester with a series sealed gas gap without affecting the operation of the original circuit, thereby improving the protection effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, and more particularly to a residual voltage optimization method for a metal oxide lightning arrester with a series gap. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology and the continuous progress of society, the power system is facing higher and higher electricity requirements. This change has not only brought about a sharp increase in electricity demand, but also increased the risks in the operation of the power system, one of which is the overvoltage problem. Overvoltage phenomenon may cause equipment damage, system failure, and even cause safety hazards. Therefore, how to effectively prevent and manage overvoltage problems and ensure the safety and stability of the power system has become a key issue that needs to be urgently solved in the current power industry. One of the most common causes of overvoltage is lightning strikes. In areas with frequent rainfall and lightning, the probability of lightning disasters to equipment and factories has increased significantly. If the equipment is relatively expensive, for the safety of the equipment and subsequent work efficiency, it may often suspend work on rainy days for lightning protection. In this way, the work efficiency will be reduced to a corresponding extent, which will cause considerable losses in special circumstances. Therefore, lightning protection research has become an indispensable part.

[0003] The mainstream lightning protection methods are lightning rods and lightning arresters. However, lightning arresters have strict requirements on equipment height and protection area. For example, some communication devices may reach a height of nearly 200 meters, and occupy a large area. The cables in the middle cover a wide area, even hundreds of meters. If the lightning rod is to achieve the desired effect, it needs to be built hundreds of meters above the original signal tower. In terms of engineering, this cannot take into account both cost and practical application. Therefore, in this special case, the use of lightning arresters should be considered.

[0004] The maximum voltage across the metal oxide arrester when it is turned on due to overvoltage is called residual voltage. The residual voltage is the maximum overvoltage encountered by the original working circuit. Therefore, if the residual voltage is too large, it means that the current passing through the circuit is too large, which will cause the circuit to burn out. If the residual voltage of the arrester is set too low, the circuit may be turned on during normal operation, thereby affecting the normal operation of the original circuit.

[0005] Therefore, how to propose a residual pressure optimization method for a metal oxide lightning arrester with a series gap, using a closed air gap in series with the lightning arrester, and actively setting the residual pressure so that if the air gap is not conductive, the lightning arrester will not work because no current passes through it. If the air gap is conductive, the low conduction value set for the lightning arrester enables it to respond quickly is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester. A sealed air gap is connected in series with the arrester. By actively setting the residual voltage, if the air gap is not conducting, no current will pass through the arrester and it will not work. If the air gap is conducting, the low conduction value set for the arrester enables it to respond quickly. To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester, comprising: a working circuit, a metal oxide arrester, and a sealed gas gap device; the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, and after the metal oxide arrester and the sealed gas gap device are connected in series, they are connected in parallel with the working circuit.

[0008] Optionally, the sealed gas gap device includes: an upper plate metal sheet, an upper electrode plate, a metal isolation block, an insulating support column, an air inlet, a spherical valve, a gas, an air outlet, a sealed insulating wall, a lower electrode plate, and a lower plate metal sheet; the metal isolation block is fixedly connected to the upper electrode plate, one end of the insulating support column is connected to the upper plate metal sheet, and the other end is connected to the lower plate metal sheet. The bottom of the sealed insulating wall is hermetically connected to the lower plate metal sheet; the lower electrode plate is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the sealed insulating wall and is fixedly connected to the lower plate metal sheet. The upper electrode plate is slidably and hermetically connected to the sealed insulating wall. The air inlet and the air outlet respectively penetrate the sealed insulating wall. A sealed cavity is formed by the sealed insulating wall, the upper electrode plate, and the lower electrode plate. Air is introduced through the air inlet and exhausted through the air outlet; a spherical valve is provided at the air inlet for opening and closing the air inlet to control the entry of gas, and a spherical valve is provided at the air outlet for opening and closing the air outlet to control the discharge of gas.

[0009] Optionally, one end of the insulating support column is connected to the upper plate metal sheet, and the other end is connected to the lower plate metal sheet. Among them, bolt holes are circumferentially provided on the upper plate metal sheet, threads are provided at the upper end of the insulating support column to be threadedly engaged with the bolt holes on the upper plate metal sheet, through holes are circumferentially provided on the lower plate metal sheet, the through holes are adapted to the bolt holes, and the lower end of the insulating support column is in interference fit with the through holes.

[0010] Optionally, the inner wall shape of the sealed insulating wall is adapted to the shapes of the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate.

[0011] Optionally, the numbers of the bolt holes, the insulating support column, and the through holes are adapted, and the number is N.

[0012] Optionally, the installation heights of the air inlet and the air outlet are both lower than the maximum stroke of the upper electrode plate, and the installation heights of the air inlet and the air outlet are both higher than the height of the lower electrode plate.

[0013] Optionally, it further includes: calculating the residual voltage value and the conduction current based on the Paschen's law formula according to the discharge time delay, gas density, and electric field strength.

[0014] Optionally, perform ATP-EMTP software circuit simulation based on the calculation results and conduct simulation experiments for verification.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an optimization method for the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention proposes an optimization method for the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, including: a working circuit, a metal oxide arrester, and a sealed gas gap device; the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, and after the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, it is connected in parallel with the working circuit. The present invention improves the residual voltage of the metal oxide arrester connected in series therewith by changing the air pressure and spacing of the sealed series gap. In a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, the residual voltage can be numerically regarded as the conduction voltage of the series gap plus the voltage value that climbs during the conduction time delay. On the premise of ensuring that the conduction voltage of the sealed series gap remains unchanged, by cooperating to change the pressure of the sealed gas and the distance between the upper and lower electrodes of the sealed cavity, the gas density and electric field strength are changed, and the gas density and electric field strength are important factors for changing the conduction time. Appropriate adjustment can shorten the conduction time delay and further affect the residual voltage of the arrester connected in series with the gap. The cooperation method provided by the present invention can appropriately reduce the residual voltage of the metal oxide arrester with a sealed series gas gap without affecting the operation of the original circuit, thereby improving the protection effect. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an optimization method for the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a diagram showing the installation orientation and overall layout of the lightning protection device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the lowest breakdown residual voltage result under standard atmospheric pressure and the original spacing provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4The figure shows the minimum breakdown residual voltage results at 10 times atmospheric pressure and 1 / 10 spacing provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 The figure shows the schematic structural diagram of the insulating support column provided by the present invention.

[0023] Wherein, 1 - upper plate metal sheet, 2 - upper electrode plate, 3 - metal isolation block, 4 - insulating support column, 5 - air inlet, 6 - spherical valve, 7 - gas, 8 - air outlet, 9 - sealed insulating wall, 10 - lower electrode plate, 11 - lower plate metal sheet. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for optimizing the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, including: a working circuit, a metal oxide arrester, and a sealed gas gap device; the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, and after the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, it is connected in parallel with the working circuit.

[0026] The present invention discloses a method for optimizing the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, which improves the residual voltage of the metal oxide arrester connected in series therewith by changing the air pressure and spacing of the sealed series gap. In a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, the residual voltage can be numerically regarded as the conduction voltage of the series gap plus the voltage value that climbs during the conduction delay. On the premise of ensuring that the conduction voltage of the sealed series gap remains unchanged, by cooperating to change the pressure of the sealed gas and the distance between the upper and lower electrodes of the sealed cavity, the gas density and electric field strength are changed, and the gas density and electric field strength are important factors for changing the conduction time. Appropriate adjustment can shorten the conduction delay and further affect the residual voltage of the arrester connected in series with the gap. The cooperation method provided by the present invention can appropriately reduce the residual voltage of the metal oxide arrester with a series sealed gas gap without affecting the operation of the original circuit, thereby improving the protection effect.

[0027] Furthermore, the closed gas gap device includes: an upper plate metal sheet 1, an upper electrode plate 2, a metal isolation block 3, an insulating support column 4, an air inlet 5, a spherical valve 6, a gas 7, an air outlet 8, a sealed insulating wall 9, a lower electrode plate 10, and a lower plate metal sheet 11; the metal isolation block 3 is fixedly connected to the upper electrode plate 2, one end of the insulating support column 4 is connected to the upper plate metal sheet 1, and the other end is connected to the lower plate metal sheet 11. The bottom of the sealed insulating wall 9 is hermetically connected to the lower plate metal sheet 11; the lower electrode plate 10 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the sealed insulating wall 9 and is fixedly connected to the lower plate metal sheet 11. The upper electrode plate 2 is slidably and hermetically connected to the sealed insulating wall 9. The air inlet 5 and the air outlet 8 respectively penetrate through the sealed insulating wall 9. A closed cavity is formed by the sealed insulating wall 9, the upper electrode plate 2, and the lower electrode plate 10. Air is introduced through the air inlet 5 and exhausted through the air outlet 8; a spherical valve 6 is provided at the air inlet 5 for opening and closing the air inlet 5 to control the entry of the gas 7, and a spherical valve is provided at the air outlet 8 for opening and closing the air outlet 8 to control the discharge of the gas 7.

[0028] Furthermore, one end of the insulating support column 4 is connected to the upper plate metal sheet 1, and the other end is connected to the lower plate metal sheet 11. Among them, bolt holes are circumferentially provided on the upper plate metal sheet 1. Threads are provided at the upper end of the insulating support column 4 and are in threaded cooperation with the bolt holes of the upper plate metal sheet 1. Through holes are circumferentially provided on the lower plate metal sheet 11, and the through holes are adapted to the bolt holes. The lower end of the insulating support column 4 is in interference fit with the through holes.

[0029] Furthermore, the inner wall shape of the sealed insulating wall 9 is adapted to the shapes of the upper electrode plate 2 and the lower electrode plate 10.

[0030] Furthermore, the numbers of the bolt holes, the insulating support column 4, and the through holes are adapted, and the number is N.

[0031] In the specific implementation manner, as Figure 5 shown, the numbers of the bolt holes, the insulating support column 4, and the through holes are all 4.

[0032] Furthermore, the installation heights of the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 8 are both lower than the maximum stroke of the upper electrode plate 2, and the installation heights of the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 8 are both higher than the height of the lower electrode plate 10. In a specific embodiment, the air inlet 5 is provided above the air outlet 8. The installation height of the air inlet 5 is lower than the maximum stroke of the upper electrode plate 2, and the installation height of the air outlet 8 is greater than the height of the lower electrode plate 10.

[0033] Furthermore, it further includes: based on the Paschen's law formula, calculating the residual voltage value and the conduction current according to the discharge time delay, gas density, and electric field strength.

[0034] Furthermore, circuit simulation is carried out using the ATP-EMTP software based on the calculation results for verification through simulation experiments.

[0035] In the specific implementation manner, simply connecting a roughly sized air gap in series with the lightning arrester can achieve the protection effect of reducing the residual voltage. However, by changing the parameters of the air gap, the residual voltage can be further reduced and the protection effect can be improved. Specifically, after connecting the air gap in series with the lightning arrester, the residual voltage is approximately equal to the breakdown voltage of the air gap plus the voltage rise value during the breakdown time. Therefore, without changing the breakdown voltage, by accelerating the breakdown speed and shortening the breakdown time, the residual voltage value can be reduced. The specific steps are as follows:

[0036] The breakdown time is mainly affected by several factors: breakdown voltage, air pressure, and the distance between the plates. Among them, the breakdown voltage is rather special. Reducing the breakdown voltage can lower the residual voltage, but such a crude reduction method lacks the ability to protect against electrical surges in the circuit. For example, if the peak working voltage is 80 kV, reducing the breakdown voltage to 81 kV is obviously unreasonable, and any slight fluctuation may trigger the lightning arrester and affect the working circuit. Therefore, the other goal of shortening the breakdown time is selected as the air pressure and the distance between the plates.

[0037] According to Paschen's law:

[0038] ;

[0039] where P is the atmospheric pressure, d is the gas gap, A and B are empirical coefficients related to the gas properties, and γ is the surface ionization coefficient.

[0040] Increasing the air pressure unilaterally will increase the breakdown voltage, and decreasing the plate distance unilaterally will decrease the breakdown voltage. Both are not feasible. Therefore, the two need to change in coordination to keep the product of the air pressure and the plate distance as a fixed value. For example, if the air pressure increases to 3 times the original value, the corresponding plate distance is shortened to 1 / 3 of the original value. The fixed value of the product is selected according to the required breakdown voltage in actual needs. In this way, on the premise of ensuring that the breakdown voltage remains unchanged, the breakdown time of the air pressure can be changed by changing the density of the sealed gas and the electric field strength through the changes in the air pressure and the plate distance.

[0041] In the specific implementation manner, a method for optimizing the residual voltage of a metal oxide lightning arrester with a series gap changes the residual voltage of the metal oxide lightning arrester with a series gap by changing the air pressure and the plate distance, enabling the lightning protection device to further improve the protection effect and protection accuracy under customized requirements, providing protection for devices that require high protection, such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, among them, the upper plate metal sheet 1 is used to connect the circuit; the upper electrode plate 2 is the conducting material of the upper electrode; the metal isolation block 3 is used to connect the upper electrode plate and the upper plate metal sheet; the insulating support column 4 plays a supporting role and at the same time uses insulating materials to prevent conduction. There is a thread on it, which is used to adjust the height between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate. It is detachable. First, adjust the height with the thread, and then fix it on the lower plate metal sheet below; the air inlet 5 is used to blow in gas to change the pressure. After conduction, due to gas ionization and other reasons, it will affect the pressure and temperature of the sealed cavity. At the same time, an air inlet can also be added to replace the internal gas; the spherical valve 6 is used to switch the air inlet and the air outlet. When no gas is passed, it can ensure the tightness of the cavity; the gas 7 is placed in the sealed cavity, and the main component can be selected as air; the air outlet 8 discharges the old gas; the sealed insulating wall 9 plays a role in supporting, sealing and insulating; the lower electrode plate 10 is the conducting material of the lower electrode; the lower plate metal sheet 11 is used to connect the circuit and is connected to the lightning arrester in this embodiment.

[0042] In the specific implementation manner, the installation orientation and overall layout of the lightning protection device are as Figure 2 shown. The sealed gas gap is connected in series with the metal oxide lightning arrester between the antenna and the working circuit to ensure that when the antenna is struck by lightning, the device can quickly respond and conduct the current into the ground.

[0043] In the specific implementation manner, a method for optimizing the residual voltage of a metal oxide lightning arrester with a series gap is mainly achieved by changing the air pressure and the distance between the plate components of the sealed gas gap. In order to verify this method, matlab is used for calculation and analysis. The Paschen's law formula, gas density formula, electric field strength formula and discharge time delay empirical formula are used to obtain the formula law of the final discharge time changing with the cooperation of air pressure and the distance between the plate components. The specific steps are as follows:

[0044] (1) The lightning current takes the double exponential function 18400A 8 / 20µ s as a reference, k = 4, α = 86600s -1 , β = 173200s -1 . The temperature is set to 20 degrees Celsius, that is, T = 293k, and the air gas constant is set to R = 287.05. The A value of air is taken as 0.11 (1 / (Pa·cm)), the B value is taken as 2.74 (V / (Pa·cm)), and γ is taken as 0.025 when copper is used as the electrode material.

[0045] (2) The normal operating rated voltage of the circuit is set to 110kV, and the maximum statistical overvoltage of the system is 3 times the rated voltage, that is, U G = 330000V. Therefore, according to the specification of the metal oxide lightning arrester with a series gap, the breakdown voltage is assumed to be 402600kV.

[0046] (3) The calculation formula for the discharge time delay is:

[0047] ;

[0048] where ρ is the gas density (g / cm 3 ); τ is the discharge time delay (s); E is the average electric field strength in the gap (kv / cm).

[0049] (4) The formula for gas density is:

[0050] ;

[0051] where P is the pressure, M is the molar mass, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.

[0052] (5) Considering the enclosed space as a uniform electric field (plate-to-plate), there is an average electric field strength:

[0053] .

[0054] (6) Finally, the calculated discharge time delay under standard atmospheric pressure (approximately regarded as 103000 Pa) is 0.11021 µ s , 0.03734 µ at 3 times atmospheric pressure and 1 / 3 times the spacing s , 0.02162 µ at 5 times atmospheric pressure and 1 / 5 times the spacing s , 0.01081 µ at 10 times atmospheric pressure and 1 / 10 times the spacing s .

[0055] (7) The formula for the residual voltage value is:

[0056] ;

[0057] where Z is the impedance divided by this branch when the arrester acts, is the steady-state current. In the working circuit under an alternating current environment, its steady-state current can be expressed by a sine function as follows:

[0058] ;

[0059] where I G is the maximum overcurrent of the system.

[0060] (8) The conduction current I s can be expressed by the following formula:

[0061] , where I L is the lightning current.

[0062] In the specific implementation, circuit simulation is carried out through simulation software to conduct a simulation experiment on this theoretical method to test whether the conclusion law is correct, such asFigure 3 and Figure 4 as shown in

[0063] The time obtained by simulation to reach the minimum breakdown voltage of 402600V is 0.00500287s. By adding the discharge delay τ under standard atmospheric pressure / original spacing and 10 times atmospheric pressure and 1 / 10 times spacing respectively, the final total discharge time is obtained.

[0064] The gas switches of the arrester branch are set to close at 0.005002979s and 0.005002881s respectively to simulate the fully conducting state of the two cases. The results obtained by reading the voltage meter of the arrester branch are: the residual voltage is 427613V under standard atmospheric pressure with the original spacing; the residual voltage is 404652V under 10 times atmospheric pressure with 1 / 10 times spacing. The difference in residual voltage between standard atmospheric pressure and 10 times atmospheric pressure reaches 22961V, and the impact on the target residual voltage of 402600V reaches 5.70%, effectively reducing the residual voltage at both ends of the arrester.

[0065] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description in the method section.

[0066] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a metal oxide arrester with a series gap, characterized in that Including: A working circuit, a metal oxide arrester, and a sealed gas gap device; the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, and after the metal oxide arrester is connected in series with the sealed gas gap device, it is connected in parallel with the working circuit; the sealed gas gap device includes: an upper plate metal sheet (1), an upper electrode plate (2), a metal isolation block (3), an insulating support column (4), an air inlet (5), a spherical valve (6), a gas (7), an air outlet (8), a sealed insulating wall (9), a lower electrode plate (10), and a lower plate metal sheet (11); the metal isolation block (3) is fixedly connected to the upper electrode plate (2), one end of the insulating support column (4) is connected to the upper plate metal sheet (1), and the other end is connected to the lower plate metal sheet (11), and the bottom of the sealed insulating wall (9) is hermetically connected to the lower plate metal sheet (11); the lower electrode plate (10) is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the sealed insulating wall (9) and is fixedly connected to the lower plate metal sheet (11), the upper electrode plate (2) is slidably hermetically connected to the sealed insulating wall (9), the air inlet (5) and the air outlet (8) respectively penetrate the sealed insulating wall (9), and a sealed cavity is formed by the sealed insulating wall (9), the upper electrode plate (2), and the lower electrode plate (10), and air intake is carried out through the air inlet (5), and air exhaust is carried out through the air outlet (8); a spherical valve (6) is arranged at the air inlet (5) for switching the air inlet (5) and controlling the entry of the gas (7), and a spherical valve is arranged at the air outlet (8) for switching the air outlet (8) and controlling the discharge of the gas (7), wherein bolt holes are circumferentially arranged on the upper plate metal sheet (1), a thread is arranged at the upper end of the insulating support column (4) and is in threaded cooperation with the bolt holes of the upper plate metal sheet (1), and the metal isolation block (3) is used to connect the upper electrode plate (2) and the upper plate metal sheet (1); the insulating support column (4) plays a supporting role and at the same time uses an insulating material to prevent conduction, and a thread is on the top for adjusting the height of the upper electrode plate (2) from the lower electrode plate (10).

2. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that Through holes are circumferentially arranged on the lower plate metal sheet (11), and the through holes are adapted to the bolt holes, and the lower end of the insulating support column (4) is in interference fit with the through holes.

3. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall shape of the sealed insulating wall (9) is adapted to the shapes of the upper electrode plate (2) and the lower electrode plate (10).

4. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The numbers of the bolt holes, the insulating support column (4), and the through holes are adapted, and the number is N.

5. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that The set heights of the air inlet (5) and the air outlet (8) are both lower than the maximum stroke of the upper electrode plate (2), and the set heights of the air inlet (5) and the air outlet (8) are both higher than the height of the lower electrode plate (10).

6. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also including: Based on the Paschen's law formula, the residual voltage value and the conduction current are calculated according to the discharge delay, gas density, and electric field strength.

7. A method for optimizing the residual voltage of a series-gap metal oxide arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that, According to the calculation results, ATP-EMTP software circuit simulation is carried out for simulation experiment verification.

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