A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, belonging to the field of multi-energy utilization technology. This novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system for highways includes a renewable energy acquisition module, a multi-energy coupling management module, and a safety control module. The renewable energy acquisition module is used to convert pre-acquired renewable energy into electrical energy. The multi-energy coupling management module is used to store and manage the heat exchange of the converted electrical energy, and to establish a multi-energy coupling scheduling model to achieve coordinated allocation among renewable energy sources. This invention provides a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, ensuring stable and efficient energy collection and utilization under various conditions, and meeting the continuous energy needs of highways through optimized complementarity of three renewable energy sources under different conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-energy utilization technology, and more specifically, to a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global emphasis on sustainable development and carbon emission reduction, highways, as a crucial component of transportation networks, are experiencing growing energy demands. The application of renewable energy sources such as geothermal, solar, and wind power in highway energy supply is receiving increasing attention. Against this backdrop, the combination of novel energy storage technologies and efficient heat exchange systems has become key to solving highway energy problems. Energy storage technologies can address the issue of fluctuating electricity demand, ensuring stable power supply during peak periods; while efficient heat exchange systems can recover and utilize waste heat, improving overall energy efficiency and reducing energy waste.

[0003] However, existing energy storage and heat exchange technologies are often limited to single energy sources and struggle to meet the complex energy demands of various highway scenarios. To meet the requirements of sustainable development strategies, people have begun to exploit abundant renewable energy sources to supply energy. Due to their inherent instability, the promotion of these energy technologies is significantly limited, and their utilization faces several challenges: First, geothermal energy is mainly found in areas with stable crust and abundant hot springs, while solar and wind energy are greatly affected by weather and geographical location. Achieving complementarity among these three energy sources under different conditions is a technical challenge. Second, the conversion equipment for each energy source may have different efficiencies. Optimizing the energy conversion of the entire system and improving overall efficiency is key to technological optimization. Finally, integrating multiple energy sources into a single system requires solving the problems of system integration, coordination, and intelligent control to ensure stable system operation.

[0004] There are currently no effective solutions to the problems in the relevant technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways. By optimizing and complementing three renewable energy sources under different conditions, it meets the continuous energy demand of highways, thereby solving the problems of highway energy supply relying on external power grids, being greatly affected by fluctuations in power supply and demand, and having low efficiency in energy conversion and transmission processes, resulting in large carbon emissions and energy waste.

[0006] To achieve the advantages of optimizing and complementing three renewable energy sources under different conditions to meet the continuous energy demand of highways, the specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] A novel multi-energy coupled energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways includes a renewable energy acquisition module, a multi-energy coupling management module, and a safety control module.

[0008] A renewable energy harvesting module is used to convert pre-harvested renewable energy into electrical energy, including geothermal energy, wind energy, and solar energy.

[0009] The multi-energy coupling management module is used to store and manage the heat exchange of the converted electrical energy, and to establish a multi-energy coupling scheduling model to realize the coordinated allocation among renewable energy sources;

[0010] The safety control module is used to monitor the operating status of the renewable energy acquisition module and the multi-energy coupling management module in real time, and to send early warning commands and implement emergency measures when a fault is detected.

[0011] Preferably, the renewable energy acquisition module includes a geothermal acquisition module, a wind power generation module, and a solar photovoltaic module;

[0012] The geothermal energy acquisition module is used to acquire geothermal energy using thermal energy acquisition equipment and transfer it to the circulating working fluid, thereby driving the flow of the circulating working fluid to realize the conversion between geothermal energy and electrical energy.

[0013] The wind power generation module is used to obtain wind energy from wind power generation equipment and convert it into electrical energy, and then combine it with independent pitch control technology to perform optimized control of the wind power generation equipment;

[0014] Solar photovoltaic modules are used to collect solar energy from solar energy collection devices and convert it into electrical energy. They are then combined with photovoltaic tracking technology to perform optimized control of the solar energy collection devices.

[0015] Preferably, when the wind power generation module performs optimized control of the wind power generation equipment in conjunction with independent pitch control technology, it includes:

[0016] The operating parameters of the wind power generation equipment are collected, and the wind speed is used as the self-control disturbance, the pitch angle is used as the control quantity, and the overturning moment and yaw moment at the hub center are used as the output feedback quantity. The gravity bending moment of the blade, the wind speed and the pitch angle are inversely transformed in turn.

[0017] The pitch angle requirement value obtained by the inverse transformation is transformed into the control quantity of the actual deviation pitch, and the additional pitch angle expected by independent pitch is obtained.

[0018] The pitch angle control quantity of the wind power generation equipment is obtained by superimposing the expected additional pitch angle of independent pitch control with the predefined pitch angle, and the wind power generation equipment is optimized based on the pitch angle control quantity.

[0019] Preferably, the multi-energy coupling management module includes an energy storage module, a multi-energy coupling scheduling module, a high-efficiency heat exchange module, and a cross-regional energy scheduling module;

[0020] Energy storage modules are used to optimize the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices by combining the energy demand of highways and power feedback signals.

[0021] The multi-energy coupling scheduling module is used to adjust the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module and solar photovoltaic module using the energy coupling scheduling model to achieve optimal configuration among renewable energy sources;

[0022] The high-efficiency heat exchange module is used to collaboratively optimize the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices and the operating parameters of the heat exchange system using multi-objective optimization algorithms, and to provide infrastructure services for areas along highways based on the conversion and utilization of electrical energy.

[0023] Cross-regional energy dispatch is used to identify the differences between energy output and energy demand in different areas of the highway network, and to formulate cross-regional energy dispatch strategies after predicting energy demand based on these differences.

[0024] Preferably, when optimizing the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage device by combining the energy demand of the highway and the power feedback signal, the energy storage module includes:

[0025] Extract the electrical energy released by the geothermal energy acquisition module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module, and extract the electrical energy data;

[0026] By combining power data with the energy demand and power feedback signals of highways, reinforcement learning algorithms are used to adjust the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices.

[0027] The energy storage device's charging and discharging strategy includes charging the energy storage device during periods of low power consumption and discharging it during periods of high power consumption.

[0028] Preferably, the multi-energy coupling scheduling module, when adjusting the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module using the energy coupling scheduling model to achieve optimal allocation among renewable energy sources, includes:

[0029] Time series analysis techniques are used to predict traffic flow and weather conditions along highways and to assess the energy demand of equipment in highway areas.

[0030] Based on the energy demand of equipment along the highway, the output power of energy stations along the highway and the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage equipment are dynamically adjusted.

[0031] A multi-energy coupling scheduling model was established, and the operating status of geothermal harvesting modules, wind power generation modules, and solar photovoltaic modules was adjusted based on the energy demand of equipment along the highway.

[0032] Preferably, establishing a multi-energy coupled scheduling model, and adjusting the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module based on the energy demand of equipment along the highway area using the multi-energy coupled scheduling model includes:

[0033] Based on the renewable energy power and the energy demand of equipment along the highway, a multi-energy coupled scheduling optimization scenario for highways is constructed, and peak shaving and valley filling are performed on the energy demand to obtain the peak and valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model.

[0034] The peak and valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model after peak shaving and valley filling are used as the input layer, and a peak and valley boundary prediction model of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model is generated by using a convolutional neural network.

[0035] The peak-valley boundary prediction model based on the multi-energy coupling scheduling model predicts the peak-valley boundary applicable to the future time period of the highway and transmits the peak-valley boundary to the energy storage module for peak shaving.

[0036] The energy storage module distributes the stored electrical energy to the high-efficiency heat exchange module and the power grid based on the peak-valley boundary of the highway in the future time period.

[0037] Preferably, the safety control module includes an operation status monitoring module and a safety assurance module;

[0038] The operation status monitoring module is used to monitor the operation status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and to identify potential fault modes by combining the operation status monitoring data.

[0039] The safety assurance module is used to formulate safety assurance measures based on the identified potential failure modes to ensure the stable operation of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module.

[0040] Preferably, the operation status monitoring module, when monitoring the operation status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and identifying potential fault modes by combining the monitoring data of the operation status, includes:

[0041] Sensors are used to monitor the operating status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the highway monitoring center to achieve information sharing with the highway monitoring center;

[0042] Mining and analyzing the monitoring data of the operating status to identify potential failure modes of the equipment;

[0043] Predict the timing and type of failures based on the potential failure modes of the equipment, and develop equipment maintenance plans to reduce unplanned downtime.

[0044] Preferably, the formula for calculating the desired additional pitch angle of independent pitch control is:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, The variable represents the desired additional pitch angle of independent pitch control after inverse transformation; δ represents the pitch angle during the actual pitch control process; b i This indicates the initial pitch angle of the blade.

[0047] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, which has the following advantages:

[0048] (1) This invention provides a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, which ensures stable and efficient collection and utilization of energy under various conditions. Furthermore, it optimizes and complements three renewable energy sources under different conditions to meet the continuous energy demand of highways. This improves overall energy utilization efficiency by integrating efficient conversion equipment and optimizing the system, thereby reducing operating costs.

[0049] (2) This invention effectively couples geothermal energy, solar energy and wind energy with seasonal and temporal differences and achieves the complementarity of these three energy sources to ensure a continuous and stable power supply. At the same time, it improves the overall energy utilization efficiency through efficient heat exchange technology and provides customized energy solutions according to the different energy needs of different areas of the highway (such as service areas, tunnels, toll stations, etc.), thereby reducing the operating cost of the highway and promoting the green energy transformation of the highway. Attached Figure Description

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a geothermal acquisition module in a multi-energy coupling novel energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation module in a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic module in a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage module in a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency heat exchange module in a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-energy coupling scheduling model in a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] In the picture:

[0059] 1. Renewable energy acquisition module; 2. Multi-energy coupling management module; 3. Safety control module. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways is provided.

[0062] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figures 1-7 As shown in the figure, the multi-energy coupling novel energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to the present invention includes a renewable energy acquisition module 1, a multi-energy coupling management module 2, and a safety control module 3.

[0063] The renewable energy acquisition module 1 is used to convert pre-acquired renewable energy into electrical energy, including geothermal energy, wind energy and solar energy.

[0064] Among them, the renewable energy acquisition module 1 includes a geothermal acquisition module, a wind power generation module, and a solar photovoltaic module;

[0065] The geothermal energy acquisition module is used to acquire geothermal energy using thermal energy acquisition equipment and transfer it to the circulating working fluid, thereby driving the flow of the circulating working fluid to realize the conversion between geothermal energy and electrical energy.

[0066] It should be noted that the geothermal harvesting module consists of a geothermal well or geothermal heat pump, a heat exchanger, a circulating working fluid, a circulating pump, and a geothermal generator. Geothermal fluid is harvested through a geothermal well or geothermal heat pump. This fluid exchanges heat with the circulating working fluid through the heat exchanger, transferring geothermal energy to the working fluid. The circulating pump drives the working fluid to circulate within the system. A portion of the geothermal energy is directly transferred to the high-efficiency heat exchange module, while the remaining portion is converted into electrical energy by the geothermal generator and transferred to the energy storage module.

[0067] Because geothermal energy development along highways is limited by geographical conditions, shallow geothermal energy and ground-source heat pump systems can be used to overcome the limitation of deep geothermal resources by leveraging the widespread availability of shallow geothermal resources. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0068] 1. Shallow geothermal resource exploration and assessment

[0069] (1) Geological survey: Conduct geological surveys along the highway route to obtain information such as soil type, groundwater level, and rock structure.

[0070] (2) Geothermal gradient measurement: Measure underground temperatures at different depths and calculate the geothermal gradient G.

[0071]

[0072] Where T1 and T2 are the temperatures at depths D1 and D2, respectively.

[0073] (3) Test of thermal physical parameters: Determine the thermal conductivity λ and specific heat capacity c of soil or rock.

[0074] 2. Design a ground source heat pump system

[0075] (1) Determine heat load demand: Calculate the total heat load based on the heating and cooling needs of facilities along the highway (such as service areas and toll stations):

[0076] Q = Q 供暖 +Q 制冷

[0077] (2) Select the type of buried pipe:

[0078] Vertical buried pipe: In areas with limited space, U-shaped buried pipes are drilled and installed;

[0079] Horizontal buried pipe: Laying horizontal buried pipes on available land.

[0080] (3) Calculate the total length L of the buried pipe:

[0081]

[0082] Where, q u The heat exchange capacity per unit length of buried pipe (W / m) can be calculated using the formula:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, λ is the thermal conductivity of the soil (W / (m·K)), and T is the thermal conductivity of the soil. s T represents soil temperature (°C). f r represents the fluid temperature (°C). b Let r be the borehole radius (m), and r0 be the equivalent radius of the buried pipe (m).

[0085] 3. System Integration and Installation

[0086] (1) Install a ground source heat pump unit: Select a ground source heat pump unit with a suitable capacity according to the heat load requirements.

[0087] (2) Laying pipes and circulation system: connecting buried pipes, heat pump units and building terminal systems to form a complete circulation.

[0088] (3) Control system setup: Install temperature and pressure sensors and set up an automatic control system to achieve efficient operation.

[0089] 4. Operation and Maintenance

[0090] (1) System debugging: Start the system, adjust the operating parameters, and ensure that the design performance is achieved;

[0091] (2) Regular maintenance: Inspect the buried pipe system and heat pump unit every year, clean the heat exchanger, and test the system's sealing.

[0092] 5. Performance Evaluation and Optimization

[0093] (1) Calculate the system's coefficient of performance (COP):

[0094]

[0095] Among them, W 输入 The electrical power consumed by the heat pump during operation.

[0096] (2) Optimize operating parameters: Adjust parameters such as flow rate and temperature based on actual operating data to improve system efficiency.

[0097] 6. Adaptive construction

[0098] (1) Regional adaptability: Adjust the type and depth of buried pipes according to different geological conditions to ensure heat exchange effect.

[0099] (2) Combined energy system: In areas where geothermal energy is insufficient, a multi-energy complementary system is formed by combining solar energy and other renewable energy sources.

[0100] The geothermal energy collected by the geothermal acquisition module is partially transferred to the high-efficiency heat exchange module, and partially converted into electrical energy. This electrical energy, along with that generated by the wind power generation module and the solar photovoltaic module, is stored in the energy storage module. The multi-energy coupling scheduling model, based on user demand, feeds a portion of the stored electrical energy into the power grid to meet the electricity needs of highway service areas and toll stations, while the remaining portion is transferred to the high-efficiency heat exchange module to meet the heating, cooling, and domestic water needs of highway service areas and toll stations, along with some geothermal energy. Utilizing geothermal resources along the highway, geothermal energy is collected through geothermal wells or geothermal heat pumps. The geothermal fluid exchanges heat with the circulating working fluid through a heat exchanger, transferring the geothermal energy to the circulating working fluid. Simultaneously, a circulating pump drives the circulating working fluid to circulate within the system, achieving continuous geothermal energy collection and the conversion of heat energy into electrical energy.

[0101] For geothermal energy harvesting modules, safety optimization can be achieved through the following aspects:

[0102] 1. Leakage prevention measures: High-strength, corrosion-resistant pipe materials can be used to prevent leakage of the circulating working fluid. Regular pipe pressure tests should be conducted; the test formula is as follows:

[0103] P test =1.5×P work

[0104] Among them, P test To test the pressure, P work Due to work pressure.

[0105] 2. Temperature control: A temperature sensor can be added to the circulating working fluid to prevent the system from being damaged due to excessive temperature.

[0106] The wind power generation module is used to obtain wind energy from wind power generation equipment and convert it into electrical energy, and then combine it with independent pitch control technology to perform optimized control of the wind power generation equipment.

[0107] Among them, when the wind power generation module performs optimized control of the wind power generation equipment in conjunction with independent pitch control technology, it includes:

[0108] The operating parameters of the wind power generation equipment are collected, and the wind speed is used as the self-control disturbance, the pitch angle is used as the control quantity, and the overturning moment and yaw moment at the hub center are used as the output feedback quantity. The gravity bending moment of the blade, the wind speed and the pitch angle are inversely transformed in turn.

[0109] The pitch angle requirement value obtained by the inverse transformation is transformed into the control quantity of the actual deviation pitch, and the additional pitch angle expected by independent pitch is obtained.

[0110] The pitch angle control quantity of the wind power generation equipment is obtained by superimposing the expected additional pitch angle of independent pitch control with the predefined pitch angle, and the wind power generation equipment is optimized based on the pitch angle control quantity.

[0111] It should be noted that a wind power generation module consists of a wind turbine, a speed increaser, and a wind turbine generator. Wind energy drives the wind turbine to rotate, converting wind energy into mechanical energy. The speed increaser then increases the rotational speed of the wind turbine, which in turn causes the generator to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0112] Wind turbines are installed at suitable locations along the highway, using wind energy to drive the generators and convert wind energy into electrical energy. The wind turbines employ independent pitch control technology to improve wind energy conversion efficiency and stability.

[0113] Independent pitch control, compared to the centralized control method of traditional wind turbine generators, is characterized by the independent adjustment of each blade. It intelligently adjusts the angle of each blade based on wind direction, wind speed, and the generator's operating status. This helps reduce uneven loads on the blades, decreases the yaw and overturning moments at the hub center, and thus optimizes power generation. This technology employs multi-input multi-output control theory to control wind speed v... i As a self-control disturbance, the pitch angle b i As control variables, the overturning moment and yaw moment at the hub center are used as output feedback variables. The gravitational bending moment M on the blades and the wind speed v are also considered. i Pitch angle b i Perform the Park transformation (a mathematical transformation widely used in electrical engineering, especially in AC motor control systems. This transformation converts the quantities of a three-phase AC system from a time-dependent three-phase coordinate system to a two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system that rotates synchronously with the rotating magnetic field), its expression is:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, p change [M] represents the Park transformation of the gravitational bending moment M, p change [v i ] indicates the wind speed v i Perform Park transformation, p change [b i ] indicates the pitch angle b i Perform Park transformation, These represent the gravitational bending moment, wind speed, and blade pitch angle obtained after the Park transformation, respectively.

[0116] Transforming the required pitch angle value obtained after inverse transformation into the control quantity of actual pitch deviation yields the additional pitch angle required for independent pitch control. The formula for calculating the expected additional pitch angle for independent pitch control is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, The variable represents the desired additional pitch angle of independent pitch control after inverse transformation; δ represents the pitch angle during the actual pitch control process; b i This indicates the initial pitch angle of the blade.

[0119] By superimposing the desired pitch angle of the independent pitch control with the pitch angle given by the unified pitch control, the control quantity of the wind turbine blade pitch angle can be obtained, thereby realizing the control of the wind turbine.

[0120] The independent pitch control can be optimized by improving the pitch control algorithm to reduce the mechanical stress on wind turbines under strong wind conditions; specifically, the optimization formula is as follows:

[0121] θ opt =θ0+k·(ω-ω0)

[0122] Where, θ opt The optimized pitch angle is θ0, the initial pitch angle is k, the control gain is ω, the current wind speed is ω0, and the rated wind speed is ω0.

[0123] Furthermore, strength and stability calculations can be performed on the support structure of wind power generation equipment according to GB 50017-2017 "Standard for Design of Steel Structures" to ensure safety under extreme conditions.

[0124] Solar photovoltaic modules are used to collect solar energy from solar energy collection devices and convert it into electrical energy. They are then combined with photovoltaic tracking technology to perform optimized control of the solar energy collection devices.

[0125] It should be noted that a solar photovoltaic module consists of photovoltaic panels and an inverter. The photovoltaic panels use high-efficiency photoelectric conversion materials to efficiently convert solar radiation into electrical energy. The direct current generated by the photovoltaic panels is converted into alternating current by the inverter. Installing solar photovoltaic panels in areas such as highway service areas and toll stations converts solar energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic panels use high-efficiency photoelectric conversion materials, and a photovoltaic tracking system ensures that the photovoltaic panels always face the sun to maximize the reception of solar radiation energy and improve photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0126] Solar photovoltaic modules can be further optimized to ensure their safety. Specifically, optimization can be achieved through two aspects: overheat protection and anti-glare design.

[0127] 1. Overheat protection: Temperature sensors can be installed on the photovoltaic modules. When the temperature exceeds a safe value, cooling measures will be activated or the output power will be reduced.

[0128] 2. Anti-glare design, using low-reflectivity photovoltaic materials to reduce the impact of glare on the driver. The formula for calculating reflectivity is:

[0129]

[0130] Where R is the reflectivity, n1 is the air refractive index, and n2 is the photovoltaic material refractive index.

[0131] Multi-energy coupling management module 2 is used to store and manage the heat exchange of the converted electrical energy, and to establish a multi-energy coupling scheduling model to realize the coordinated allocation among renewable energy sources.

[0132] Among them, the multi-energy coupling management module 2 includes an energy storage module, a multi-energy coupling scheduling module, a high-efficiency heat exchange module, and a cross-regional energy scheduling module;

[0133] Energy storage modules are used to optimize the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices by combining the energy demand of highways and power feedback signals.

[0134] Among them, the energy storage module optimizes the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage device by combining the energy demand of the highway and the power feedback signal, including:

[0135] Extract the electrical energy released by the geothermal energy acquisition module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module, and extract the electrical energy data;

[0136] By combining power data with highway energy demand and power feedback signals, reinforcement learning algorithms are used to adjust the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices. The charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices include charging the energy storage devices during periods of low power consumption and discharging the energy storage devices during periods of high power consumption.

[0137] It should be noted that the energy storage module is composed of a hybrid energy storage technology combining lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Lithium-ion batteries are characterized by high energy density, enabling them to provide energy stably over long periods; while supercapacitors feature rapid charging and discharging, providing high power output in short periods. The combination of these two technologies allows for unified management and control of the electricity generated by the geothermal energy harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module. This not only meets the long-term, stable energy needs of the highway but also addresses high-power demands in unexpected situations.

[0138] By employing energy storage technologies such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, the electrical energy generated by geothermal energy harvesting modules, wind power generation modules, and solar photovoltaic modules is managed and controlled in a unified manner to achieve optimized energy scheduling and storage. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0139] By collecting real-time electrical data, including power generation, power consumption, voltage, current, and power factor, and based on feedback signals such as the energy demand of highways, the power generation status of various energy systems, the real-time operation status and historical data of the power grid, real-time traffic conditions, energy prices, and energy storage status, reinforcement learning algorithms are used to intelligently adjust the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices. This allows for charging during periods of low electricity consumption and discharging during periods of high electricity consumption, enhancing the system's adaptability and robustness, ensuring the stability and reliability of energy supply, and maximizing energy utilization and optimizing economic benefits.

[0140] It should be noted that the geothermal energy harvesting module converts some geothermal energy into electrical energy; the wind power generation module and the solar photovoltaic module convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy respectively. This electrical energy is stored through the energy storage module so that it can be released and used when needed.

[0141] The multi-energy coupling scheduling module is used to adjust the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module and solar photovoltaic module using the energy coupling scheduling model, so as to achieve optimal configuration among renewable energy sources.

[0142] The multi-energy coupling scheduling module, when adjusting the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module using the energy coupling scheduling model to achieve optimal allocation among renewable energy sources, includes:

[0143] Time series analysis techniques are used to predict traffic flow and weather conditions along highways and to assess the energy demand of equipment in highway areas.

[0144] Based on the energy demand of equipment along the highway, the output power of energy stations along the highway and the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage equipment are dynamically adjusted.

[0145] A multi-energy coupling scheduling model was established, and the operating status of geothermal harvesting modules, wind power generation modules, and solar photovoltaic modules was adjusted based on the energy demand of equipment along the highway.

[0146] It should be noted that the multi-energy coupling scheduling model automatically adjusts the operating status of geothermal harvesting modules, wind power generation modules, and solar photovoltaic modules based on factors such as energy demand and meteorological conditions along the highway, thereby achieving optimized energy allocation and complementary utilization. Specific implementation steps include:

[0147] By using data from highway monitoring systems, traffic flow data, and data provided by weather stations or meteorological satellites, time series analysis methods are employed to predict energy demand and meteorological conditions, and to estimate the energy demand for lighting, ventilation, signal control, and other equipment along highways.

[0148] Based on real-time data and forecast results, the output power of energy stations along highways and the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices are dynamically adjusted. The operating status of geothermal harvesting modules, wind power generation modules, and solar photovoltaic modules is automatically adjusted. For example:

[0149] When there is sufficient sunlight, priority is given to using solar photovoltaic modules for power generation; when the wind speed is suitable, the power generation of wind power modules is increased; at night or on cloudy or rainy days, the heat supply or power generation of geothermal collection modules is increased; during peak traffic periods, the utilization rate of photovoltaic and wind energy is optimized to ensure sufficient energy supply to meet the increased demand for heat exchange and lighting, thereby achieving complementary utilization between different energy modules and ensuring the stability and reliability of energy supply.

[0150] The establishment of a multi-energy coupling scheduling model, and the adjustment of the operating status of geothermal harvesting modules, wind power generation modules, and solar photovoltaic modules based on the energy demand of equipment along the highway, includes:

[0151] Based on the renewable energy power and the energy demand of equipment along the highway, a multi-energy coupling scheduling optimization scenario for highways is constructed. Peak shaving and valley filling are performed on the conventional energy demand to obtain the peak-valley boundary of the multi-energy coupling scheduling model.

[0152] The peak and valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model after peak shaving and valley filling are used as the input layer, and a peak and valley boundary prediction model of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model is generated by using a convolutional neural network.

[0153] The peak-valley boundary prediction model based on the multi-energy coupling scheduling model predicts the peak-valley boundary applicable to the future time period of the highway and transmits the peak-valley boundary to the energy storage module for peak shaving.

[0154] The energy storage module distributes the stored electrical energy to the high-efficiency heat exchange module and the power grid based on the peak-valley boundary of the highway in the future time period.

[0155] It should be noted that the multi-energy coupled scheduling model constructs a specific scenario for multi-energy coupled scheduling optimization that conforms to the energy utilization characteristics of highways, based on actual test data of geothermal, wind, and photovoltaic power generation and user demand. Combined with past actual test data, it performs peak shaving and valley filling of energy demand and calculates the peak-valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model.

[0156]

[0157] Where, S t These represent the maximum adjustable upper boundary and the maximum adjustable lower boundary of the peak and valley at time t in the multi-energy coupled scheduling model, respectively. w,t p p,tp g,t These are the actual test values ​​for wind power, photovoltaic power, and geothermal energy, respectively. These are the optimized dispatch values ​​for wind power, photovoltaic power, and geothermal energy, respectively.

[0158] P BESS The expression for the energy supply value for peak shaving and valley filling by the energy storage module is as follows:

[0159]

[0160] In the formula, P load，t Let P be the system load at time t; BESS P represents the vector form of the energy supply value for peak shaving and valley filling, i.e., the external power of the energy storage module within the optimization cycle; bess，t Let P be the charging and discharging power of the energy storage module at time t. During discharge, P... bess，t >0, during charging, P bess，t <0, while P bess，t =0 indicates that the energy storage module is in float charging mode, neither charging nor discharging; T is the load sampling period; P av,post The average load after the energy storage system has been discharged or charged is expressed as follows:

[0161]

[0162] It should be noted that by using the actual power generation of geothermal energy, wind energy, and photovoltaic energy, as well as the historical measured values ​​of user demand, as the input layer and the peak-valley boundary of the scheduling model as the output layer, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is selected as the deep learning model architecture. The network layers, including the input layer, hidden layer, and output layer, are designed according to the data characteristics, and an appropriate loss function is selected. The dataset is divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set. The model is trained using the training set, the model parameters are adjusted using the validation set, and the generalization ability of the model is evaluated using the test set, thus obtaining the peak-valley boundary prediction model of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model.

[0163] In the actual operation phase, the acquired values ​​of geothermal energy, wind energy, and photovoltaic power generation, as well as the prediction results of deep learning of user demand, are used as input features of the peak-valley boundary prediction model to predict the peak-valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled new energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways at future moments of highway operation. The multi-energy coupled scheduling model submits the peak-valley boundaries of the highway operation at future moments to the energy storage module. The energy storage module performs scheduling optimization based on the boundary values, and rationally distributes the stored electrical energy to the high-efficiency heat exchange module and the power grid, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0164] The high-efficiency heat exchange module is used to collaboratively optimize the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices and the operating parameters of the heat exchange system using multi-objective optimization algorithms, and to provide infrastructure services for areas along highways based on the conversion and utilization of electrical energy.

[0165] It should be noted that the high-efficiency heat exchange module consists of a heating cycle module, a cooling cycle module, a domestic hot water cycle module, an electric heater, a control system, and a real-time monitoring system. The real-time monitoring system monitors the demand in areas such as highway service areas and toll stations in real time and transmits this information to the control system. The electrical energy transmitted from the energy storage module is converted into heat energy by the electric heater. This heat energy, along with the heat energy transmitted from the geothermal harvesting module, is then transmitted through the control system to the heating cycle module, cooling cycle module, and domestic hot water cycle module to provide hot water, heating, or cooling services to areas such as highway service areas and toll stations.

[0166] It should be noted that, considering the scope and constraints of decision variables such as energy storage efficiency, heat exchange efficiency, system cost, and environmental impact, the multi-objective optimization algorithm will randomly generate a set of initial objective function values. Based on the charging and discharging strategy and the fitness value of the heat exchange system, the initial solutions are subjected to crossover and mutation operations to generate new solutions. The newly generated objective function values ​​are then verified using historical monitoring data. By continuously iterating and evaluating the fitness, selection, crossover, and mutation of the objective function values, a better objective function value is obtained until the electricity, cooling, and heating requirements along the highway are met.

[0167] The high-efficiency heat exchange module employs a multi-objective optimization algorithm, comprehensively considering multiple objectives such as energy storage efficiency, heat exchange efficiency, system cost, and environmental impact, to collaboratively optimize the charging and discharging strategies of the energy storage device and the operating parameters of the heat exchange system. Utilizing geothermal energy or the electrical energy released by the energy storage module, it provides hot water, heating, or cooling services to service areas, toll stations, and other areas along highways through a high-efficiency heat exchanger.

[0168] Cross-regional energy dispatch is used to identify the differences between energy output and energy demand in different areas of the highway network, and to formulate cross-regional energy dispatch strategies after predicting energy demand based on these differences.

[0169] It should be noted that identifying the differences in energy output and energy demand in different areas of the highway network, and then formulating cross-regional energy dispatch strategies based on these energy differences to predict energy demand, includes:

[0170] This study aims to identify the differences between energy output and demand for solar, wind, and geothermal energy in different sections of highways and along their routes within the region; analyze the impact of factors such as traffic flow, vehicle speed, and vehicle type on energy demand, particularly forecasting the charging demand for electric vehicles; establish a data collection network covering highway sections and energy facilities along their routes within the region to monitor key indicators such as energy output, consumption, reserves, and traffic flow in real time; process and analyze the collected data to predict energy demand trends and identify risks of supply-demand imbalance; and based on the analysis results, formulate cross-regional energy dispatch strategies to optimize energy allocation and transmission routes, ensuring the stability and economy of energy supply.

[0171] Safety control module 3 is used to monitor the operating status of renewable energy acquisition module 1 and multi-energy coupling management module 2 in real time, and send early warning commands and implement emergency measures when a fault is detected.

[0172] Among them, safety control module 3 includes an operation status monitoring module and a safety assurance module;

[0173] The operation status monitoring module is used to monitor the operation status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and to identify potential fault modes by combining the operation status monitoring data.

[0174] The operation status monitoring module, in addition to real-time monitoring of the operation status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module, and identifying potential fault modes based on the monitoring data, includes:

[0175] The system utilizes sensors to monitor the operational status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and transmits the monitoring data to the highway monitoring center to achieve information sharing. The system also mines and analyzes the monitoring data to identify potential failure modes of the equipment. Based on the potential failure modes, the system predicts the timing and type of failures and develops equipment maintenance plans to reduce unplanned downtime.

[0176] It should be noted that by using sensors to monitor the operating status and parameters of each module in real time, remote monitoring and automatic adjustment are achieved. Simultaneously, the data is uploaded to the highway monitoring center for information sharing and collaborative control. Furthermore, machine learning algorithms such as deep learning and time series analysis are used to analyze the collected monitoring data, identifying potential equipment failure modes in advance, predicting the time and type of failures, and scheduling maintenance in advance to reduce unplanned downtime, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the energy system.

[0177] In addition, operational status monitoring and maintenance can also include predictive maintenance and fault response mechanisms. Specifically, predictive maintenance can include: data analysis, using historical and real-time monitoring data to build a health status model of the equipment and predict possible faults; and maintenance planning, developing preventive maintenance plans based on the prediction results to avoid unplanned downtime. Fault response mechanisms can include: automatic alarms, where the system automatically sends alarm information to the monitoring center and relevant maintenance personnel when an anomaly is detected; and emergency shutdown: when a serious fault is detected, the system automatically executes a safe shutdown procedure to prevent the accident from escalating.

[0178] Because the installation of roadside equipment such as wind power generation equipment and solar photovoltaic power generation equipment may pose potential risks to driving safety, such as roadside equipment failure and damage to roadside equipment caused by natural disasters, road safety can be improved by optimizing wind power generation modules, photovoltaic modules, geothermal collection modules, and operation status monitoring and maintenance.

[0179] The safety assurance module is used to formulate safety assurance measures based on the identified potential failure modes to ensure the stable operation of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module.

[0180] It should be noted that multiple safety measures are employed, including overload protection (by installing overload relays, which trip to cut off the circuit and protect the equipment when the current exceeds the rated current), short-circuit protection (by installing short-circuit relays, which quickly trip to cut off the circuit when the current instantaneously increases to the short-circuit current level), and lightning protection (by installing lightning rods on buildings or wind turbine towers to guide lightning to the ground, reducing direct damage to the equipment; and by installing surge arresters in the power system to conduct overvoltage to the ground when the voltage exceeds normal levels), ensuring stable operation of each module even in harsh environments. Furthermore, fault self-diagnosis and alarm functions are implemented; once a fault or abnormal situation is detected, an alarm will be issued immediately and corresponding emergency measures will be taken.

[0181] It should be noted that a geothermal well is a well used to extract geothermal energy. It is drilled deep underground and uses the heat energy inside the earth to heat water or other fluids, thereby generating heat energy that can be used for heating, power generation or other industrial applications.

[0182] A geothermal heat pump is a device that uses geothermal energy for heating and cooling. It extracts heat from underground soil or water sources through a closed-loop system for heating, or releases heat into the ground for cooling.

[0183] Geothermal fluids are fluids containing heat extracted from geothermal wells, typically including hot water, steam, or other gases.

[0184] A heat exchanger is used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. The working principle of a heat exchanger is based on the fundamental principles of heat transfer, such as convection, conduction, and radiation.

[0185] A circulating working fluid is a substance used as a working medium in a thermodynamic cycle, such as steam, gas, liquid, or a mixture thereof. The circulating working fluid transfers heat between a heat source and a cold source.

[0186] A circulating pump is a pump used to force flow in a closed system to maintain fluid circulation. The main functions of a circulating pump are to ensure uniform fluid distribution within the system, ensure efficient heat exchange, and prevent fluid stagnation.

[0187] A geothermal generator is a device that uses the Earth's internal heat to generate electricity.

[0188] A wind turbine is a device that uses wind power to generate electricity.

[0189] The wind turbine rotor is the most important part of a wind turbine, used to capture wind energy and convert it into mechanical energy. A wind turbine rotor typically consists of multiple blades designed to efficiently capture wind and generate rotational motion.

[0190] A speed increaser (used in wind turbines to increase the speed of the wind turbine rotor to better match the generator's design speed). The function of a speed increaser is to raise the wind turbine's lower speed to a speed suitable for the generator.

[0191] A photovoltaic (PV) panel, also known as a solar panel or photovoltaic cell panel, is a device that uses solar cells to convert sunlight into electrical energy.

[0192] An inverter is a power electronic device used to convert direct current (DC) power into alternating current (AC) power. In a solar photovoltaic (PV) module, the inverter's role is to convert the DC power generated by the solar panels into AC power suitable for the power grid.

[0193] Lithium-ion batteries are high-energy-density rechargeable batteries widely used in energy storage systems. The working principle of lithium-ion batteries is based on the insertion and extraction of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes, as well as the migration of lithium ions in the electrolyte.

[0194] A supercapacitor, also known as an ultracapacitor or supercapacitor, is a type of capacitor capable of storing and releasing large amounts of electrical energy. Supercapacitors have a higher energy density than conventional capacitors, but are generally lower than the energy density of batteries.

[0195] A heating cycle module is a device used to control and regulate a heating system.

[0196] A refrigeration cycle module is a device used to control and regulate a refrigeration system.

[0197] A domestic hot water circulation module is a device used to control and regulate a domestic hot water supply system.

[0198] An electric heater is a device that uses electrical energy to generate heat.

[0199] A control system is a device used to control and regulate the behavior of a system.

[0200] A real-time monitoring system is a technological system used for real-time monitoring and recording of data.

[0201] The multi-energy coupling scheduling model is a model used to optimize the scheduling and operation of multi-energy systems. This model considers the coupling relationship between three different energy sources: geothermal energy, wind energy, and solar energy, in order to achieve efficient energy utilization and optimized system operation.

[0202] In summary, by utilizing the above-described technical solutions of this invention, the present invention provides a novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways. This system ensures stable and efficient energy collection and utilization under various conditions. Furthermore, through the optimized complementarity of three renewable energy sources under different conditions, it meets the continuous energy demands of highways. By integrating highly efficient conversion equipment and optimizing the system, the overall energy utilization efficiency is improved, thereby reducing operating costs. This invention effectively couples and complements geothermal, solar, and wind energy, which have seasonal and temporal differences, to ensure a continuous and stable power supply. Simultaneously, it improves overall energy utilization efficiency through efficient heat exchange technology and provides customized energy solutions based on the varying energy demands of different areas of the highway (such as service areas, tunnels, toll stations, etc.), reducing highway operating costs and promoting the green energy transformation of highways.

[0203] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel multi-energy coupled energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways, characterized in that, This novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways includes a renewable energy acquisition module, a multi-energy coupling management module, and a safety control module. The renewable energy acquisition module is used to convert pre-acquired renewable energy into electrical energy, wherein the renewable energy includes geothermal energy, wind energy and solar energy; The multi-energy coupling management module is used to store and manage the heat exchange of the converted electrical energy, and to establish a multi-energy coupling scheduling model to realize the coordinated allocation among renewable energy sources. The safety control module is used to monitor the operating status of the renewable energy acquisition module and the multi-energy coupling management module in real time, and to send early warning commands and implement emergency measures when a fault is detected. The multi-energy coupling management module includes an energy storage module, a multi-energy coupling scheduling module, a high-efficiency heat exchange module, and a cross-regional energy scheduling module; The energy storage module is used to optimize the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage device by combining the energy demand of the highway and the power feedback signal. The multi-energy coupling scheduling module is used to adjust the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module and solar photovoltaic module using the energy coupling scheduling model, so as to achieve optimal configuration among renewable energy sources; The high-efficiency heat exchange module is used to collaboratively optimize the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage device and the operating parameters of the heat exchange system using a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and to provide infrastructure services for highways based on the conversion and utilization of electrical energy. The cross-regional energy dispatch is used to identify the differences between energy output and energy demand in different areas of the highway, and to formulate cross-regional energy dispatch strategies after predicting energy demand based on energy differences. The multi-energy coupling scheduling module, when adjusting the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module using the energy coupling scheduling model to achieve optimal allocation among renewable energy sources, includes: Time series analysis techniques are used to predict traffic flow and weather conditions on highways and to assess the energy demand of highway equipment. Based on the dynamic adjustment of the energy demand of highway equipment, the output power of highway energy stations and the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage equipment are adjusted accordingly. A multi-energy coupling scheduling model was established, and the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module was adjusted based on the energy demand of highway equipment using the multi-energy coupling scheduling model.

2. The novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The renewable energy acquisition module includes a geothermal acquisition module, a wind power generation module, and a solar photovoltaic module; The geothermal acquisition module is used to acquire geothermal energy using thermal energy acquisition equipment and transfer it to the circulating working fluid, thereby driving the flow of the circulating working fluid to realize the conversion between geothermal energy and electrical energy. The wind power generation module is used to obtain wind energy from wind power generation equipment and convert it into electrical energy, and then combine it with independent pitch control technology to perform optimized control of the wind power generation equipment. The solar photovoltaic module is used to acquire solar energy using solar energy acquisition equipment and convert it into electrical energy, and then combine it with photovoltaic tracking technology to perform optimized control of the solar energy acquisition equipment.

3. A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the wind power generation module performs optimized control of the wind power generation equipment in conjunction with independent pitch control technology, it includes: The operating parameters of the wind power generation equipment are collected, and the wind speed is used as the self-control disturbance, the pitch angle is used as the control quantity, and the overturning moment and yaw moment at the hub center are used as the output feedback quantity. The gravity bending moment of the blade, the wind speed and the pitch angle are inversely transformed in turn. The pitch angle requirement value obtained by the inverse transformation is transformed into the control quantity of the actual deviation pitch, and the additional pitch angle expected by independent pitch is obtained. The pitch angle control quantity of the wind power generation equipment is obtained by superimposing the expected additional pitch angle of independent pitch control with the predefined pitch angle, and the wind power generation equipment is optimized based on the pitch angle control quantity.

4. A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module optimizes the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage device by combining the energy demand of the highway and the power feedback signal, including: Extract the electrical energy released by the geothermal energy acquisition module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module, and extract the electrical energy data; By combining power data with the energy demand and power feedback signals of highways, reinforcement learning algorithms are used to adjust the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage devices. The charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage device includes charging the energy storage device during periods of low power consumption and discharging the energy storage device during periods of high power consumption.

5. A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of a multi-energy coupled scheduling model, and the adjustment of the operating status of the geothermal harvesting module, wind power generation module, and solar photovoltaic module based on the energy demand of highway equipment using the multi-energy coupled scheduling model, includes: Based on renewable energy power and the energy demand of highway equipment, a multi-energy coupled scheduling optimization scenario for highways is constructed, and peak shaving and valley filling are performed on the energy demand to obtain the peak and valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model. The peak and valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model after peak shaving and valley filling are used as the input layer, and the peak and valley boundaries of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model after peak shaving and valley filling are used as the output layer. A peak and valley boundary prediction model of the multi-energy coupled scheduling model is generated by using a convolutional neural network. The peak-valley boundary prediction model based on the multi-energy coupling scheduling model predicts the peak-valley boundary applicable to the future time period of the highway and transmits the peak-valley boundary to the energy storage module for peak shaving. The energy storage module distributes the stored electrical energy to the high-efficiency heat exchange module and the power grid based on the peak-valley boundary of the highway in the future time period.

6. A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 5, characterized in that, The safety control module includes an operation status monitoring module and a safety assurance module; The operation status monitoring module is used to monitor the operation status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and to identify potential fault modes by combining the operation status monitoring data. The security module is used to formulate security measures based on the identified potential failure modes to ensure the stable operation of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module.

7. A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operation status monitoring module, when monitoring the operation status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and identifying potential fault modes by combining the operation status monitoring data, includes: Sensors are used to monitor the operating status of the renewable energy management module and the multi-energy coupling scheduling module in real time, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the highway monitoring center to achieve information sharing with the highway monitoring center; Mining and analyzing the monitoring data of the operating status to identify potential failure modes of the equipment; Predict the timing and type of failures based on the potential failure modes of the equipment, and develop equipment maintenance plans to reduce unplanned downtime.

8. A novel multi-energy coupling energy storage and heat exchange system suitable for highways according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the desired additional pitch angle of the independent pitch control is as follows: In the formula, This represents the desired additional pitch angle of the independent pitch control after inverse transformation; δ represents the pitch angle during the actual pitch control process; b i This indicates the initial pitch angle of the blade.

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