Surge absorption device and method for automotive standby power supply
By using a surge absorption device with a combination of supercapacitance module, bypass switch and fast recovery diode in the automotive backup power supply, the problem of insufficient protection capability in the prior art is solved, and effective absorption and protection of large current surge current is achieved, and damage to the backup power supply and charge and discharge motor is avoided.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411968820.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing automotive backup power surge absorption protectors have insufficient protection capabilities and cannot meet the demand for surge current absorption during high current charging and discharging, resulting in damage to the backup power supply and charge and discharge motor.
A surge absorption device is adopted that combines a supercapacitor module, a bypass switch and a fast recovery diode. The supercapacitor module is composed of a supercapacitor, which can absorb large-capacity surge current, and through the fast recovery diode and bypass switch design, it can effectively clamp and absorb the surge current.
It effectively absorbs the overcharge surge current after the electronic switch of the backup power supply is turned off, ensuring that the surge voltage value range is within the designed withstand range, avoiding damage to the backup power supply and charge and discharge motor, and improving the test efficiency of surge voltage tolerance.
Smart Images
Figure CN120016670A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile standby power supply, and in particular to a vehicle standby power supply surge absorption device. Background Art
[0002] At present, the speed at which lithium batteries for automotive backup power supplies replace lead-acid batteries is getting faster and faster, and the capacity is getting larger and larger. The charging current has exceeded 200A. When conducting high-current charging overcurrent protection tests, the current sometimes reaches more than 1000A, and the protection action time of the charger and discharger is between 20ms and 100ms. The overcurrent protection of the BMS inside the backup battery will be activated, and the protection response speed of the charger and discharger is at the level of tens of ms. The shutdown protection of the internal electronic switch of the backup power supply will cause more than 3 times the overvoltage at the output port of the charger and discharger, which will not only damage the backup power supply, but also cause the charger and discharger to malfunction.
[0003] The surge absorbers and protectors commonly used in the market often only have a protection capacity of 40As, which cannot meet the actual surge absorption current requirements of current automotive backup power supplies. Therefore, it is urgent to develop surge absorption protection devices for automotive backup power supplies. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention adopts a supercapacitor as a surge current absorption device, which not only has a large absorption capacity but also can flexibly set the protection voltage to meet the requirements of complex working conditions.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle standby power surge absorption device, comprising: an ultra-capacitor module, a bypass switch and a diode;
[0006] After the bypass switch is connected in parallel with the diode, one end is connected to the positive pole of the super-capacity module group, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the charger and discharger as a surge protection port; the negative pole of the super-capacity module group unit is grounded to the negative pole of the backup power supply and connected to the negative pole of the charger and discharger; the negative pole of the diode is connected to the positive pole of the super-capacity module group unit.
[0007] Furthermore, the supercapacitor module is composed of one supercapacitor or multiple supercapacitors connected in series and parallel to support surge absorption of vehicle backup power supplies of different voltage levels.
[0008] Furthermore, the diode is a fast recovery diode.
[0009] The present invention also provides a backup power supply charging overcurrent test method, based on the above-mentioned vehicle backup power supply surge absorption device, comprising the following steps:
[0010] (1) selecting the composition and capacity of the super-capacity module group in the super-capacity module group unit in the vehicle backup power surge absorption device according to the backup power charging test voltage and current;
[0011] (2) connecting the vehicle backup power surge absorption device to the backup power supply and the charger and discharger;
[0012] (3) short-circuiting the bypass switch of the vehicle backup power surge absorption device, and precharging the supercapacitor unit to a set voltage value using a charger and discharger;
[0013] (4) Disconnect the diode bypass switch and conduct a charging overcurrent test on the backup power supply.
[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0015] The present invention adopts a fast recovery diode and a super module combination to absorb the overcharge surge current after the internal electronic switch of the backup power supply is turned off, and can adjust the starting voltage of the super capacity module to ensure that the surge voltage value range is within the designed tolerance range, that is, it does not damage the backup power supply and does not reduce the test of the surge voltage tolerance of the backup power supply. It also solves the shortcomings of insufficient power of surge protection absorbers on the market, high inconsistency when used in parallel, and frequent damage, thereby improving the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle standby power surge absorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle standby power surge absorption device, including: a super-capacitance module unit, a bypass switch and a diode.
[0019] The super-capacity module unit is connected in parallel with the backup power supply, the positive pole of the super-capacity module unit is connected to the positive pole of the backup power supply, and the negative pole of the super-capacity module unit is connected to the negative pole of the backup power supply; the bypass switch is connected in parallel with the diode, the negative pole of the diode is connected to the positive pole of the super-capacity module unit, one end after parallel connection is connected to the positive pole of the super-capacity module unit and the positive pole of the backup power supply, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the charger and discharger as a surge protection port; the negative pole of the super-capacity module unit and the negative pole of the backup power supply are grounded and connected to the negative pole of the charger and discharger at the same time.
[0020] Among them, the supercapacitor module unit is composed of one supercapacitor module or multiple supercapacitor modules connected in series to support surge absorption of vehicle backup power supplies of different voltage levels. Here, supercapacitors are used as surge current absorption containers, which can withstand surges of larger currents for a longer time, and the action voltage can be set and the action curve can be matched.
[0021] Usually, a supercapacitor module is composed of 20 supercapacitors connected in series, and its operating voltage can support 0-60V. Two supercapacitor modules connected in series can work up to 120V.
[0022] The diode uses a high-voltage, high-current fast recovery diode to replace the TVS tube avalanche conduction, and is designed to be clamped. The current capacity exceeds 1500A, and the threshold voltage of the simulated TVS tube is adjusted with an over-capacitance voltage.
[0023] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a backup power supply charging overcurrent test method, based on the above-mentioned vehicle backup power supply surge absorption device, comprising the following steps:
[0024] S101, selecting the composition and capacity of the super-capacity module group in the super-capacity module group unit in the vehicle backup power surge absorption device according to the backup power charging test voltage and current;
[0025] S102, connecting the vehicle backup power supply surge absorption device to the backup power supply and the charger and discharger;
[0026] S103, short-circuiting the bypass switch of the vehicle backup power surge absorption device, and precharging the supercapacitor unit to a set voltage value using a charger and discharger;
[0027] S104, disconnect the diode bypass switch and conduct a charging overcurrent test of the backup power supply.
[0028] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims
1. A vehicle backup power surge absorption device, characterized in that: include: Overcapacitance module units, bypass switches and diodes; The super-capacity module unit is connected in parallel with the backup power supply, and the positive pole of the super-capacity module unit is connected to the positive pole of the backup power supply; after the bypass switch is connected in parallel with the diode, one end is connected to the positive pole of the super-capacity module unit and the positive pole of the backup power supply, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the charger and discharger as a surge protection port; the negative pole of the super-capacity module unit and the negative pole of the backup power supply are grounded and connected to the negative pole of the charger and discharger; the negative pole of the diode is connected to the positive pole of the super-capacity module unit.
2. The vehicle backup power surge absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The super-capacitance module unit is composed of one super-capacitance module or a plurality of super-capacitance modules connected in series to support surge absorption of vehicle standby power supplies of different voltage levels.
3. The vehicle backup power surge absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diode is a fast recovery diode.
4. A backup power supply charging overcurrent test method, based on the vehicle backup power supply surge absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) selecting the composition and capacity of the super-capacity module group in the super-capacity module group unit in the vehicle backup power surge absorption device according to the backup power charging test voltage and current; (2) connecting the vehicle backup power surge absorption device to the backup power supply and the charger and discharger; (3) short-circuiting the bypass switch of the vehicle backup power surge absorption device, and precharging the supercapacitor unit to a set voltage value using a charger and discharger; (4) Disconnect the diode bypass switch and conduct a charging overcurrent test on the backup power supply.