Thermoelectric power generation device

Abstract

The invention provides a thermoelectric power generation device which comprises at least one thermoelectric power generation unit, the thermoelectric power generation unit comprises a shell divided into an upper part and a lower part, the shell is made of an insulating material, the interior of the shell is of a closed structure and is in a vacuum state, and the upper part and the lower part of the shell are communicated; the upper portion of the shell comprises at least one thin tubular structure, the lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected with the lower portion of the shell, and the section of the lower portion of the shell is larger than that of the upper portion of the shell. The upper part of the shell is provided with an electrode friction unit, and all the surfaces of the electrodes are coated with friction materials; liquid metal, a layered film and expansion liquid are arranged in the lower portion of the shell, the lower space of the shell is fully filled with the liquid metal and the expansion liquid, the layered film completely isolates the liquid metal located above the layered film from the expansion liquid located below the layered film, and the layered film is made of a high-toughness elastic material; the electrode and the liquid metal are respectively connected with a power supply lead penetrating through the shell, and one end of the power supply lead is positioned outside the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and in particular to a temperature difference power generation device. Background Art

[0002] Temperature difference refers to the difference in the temperature of an object. In nature, temperature difference is a common phenomenon, which is caused by many factors, such as solar radiation, topography, distribution of oceans and land, atmospheric circulation, etc. These factors act together on the surface of the earth, resulting in temperature differences in different regions and at different times.

[0003] Temperature difference energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy. The source of temperature difference energy is actually radiation from the sun. This energy is not restricted by time, season, climate and other conditions, and the energy supply is stable and continuous. Using temperature difference energy to generate electricity can reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and help address global climate change and energy security challenges. In addition, temperature difference energy generation is a stable way of energy supply. Compared with renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, temperature difference energy is less affected by weather conditions, so it can provide a more stable and reliable power supply. This helps to enhance the diversity and stability of energy supply and improve the overall safety and reliability of the energy system. At the same time, the use of temperature difference energy helps to reduce environmental pollution and ecological damage. Compared with fossil fuel power generation, temperature difference energy power generation does not produce greenhouse gases and other harmful substances, and has less pollution to the environment. The development and utilization of temperature difference energy can promote sustainable development, promote the optimization and upgrading of energy structure, and achieve coordinated development of economy, society and environment.

[0004] Today's power generation technologies mainly include thermal power, wind power and solar power generation. Thermal power generation will pollute the environment; wind power generation has high construction costs and high requirements for applicable environments, and changes in wind fields may have a certain impact on the environment; solar power generation has high material costs and relatively complex technology.

[0005] The existing thermoelectric power generation technologies mainly include semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology, ocean thermoelectric power generation technology and radioactive isotope thermoelectric power generation technology. They all have a common feature that the investment cost is relatively high, and ocean thermoelectric power generation has disadvantages such as high technical difficulty and radioactive isotope thermoelectric power generation has radiation hazards. Summary of the invention

[0006] Friction nano-power generation technology does not produce any gases or wastes that pollute the environment, and does not cause any changes to the ecological environment and the natural environment. It is a green and environmentally friendly power generation technology. Since temperature differences are bound to exist in the environment, the applicable environment of the present invention is extremely wide, and theoretically the source of energy is unlimited, so it is a renewable energy technology. At the same time, the materials required by the present invention are all common on the market, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, and the power generation structure is simple and clear, and it is difficult to have wear and failure problems, which improves the stability of the power generation system and greatly reduces maintenance costs. In order to solve the problem of low power generation rate, the present invention can also perform networked power generation, connecting the power generation system in series or in parallel, which can improve the power generation efficiency. When placed in the same environment, the temperature difference changes are synchronized, so the frequency of the alternating current changes is also synchronized, and there is no need to integrate them one by one, they can be integrated, processed and used in a unified manner, which improves the simplicity and unity of the power generation network.

[0007] Liquid metal-based triboelectric nanogenerator (LM-TENG) is an innovative energy conversion technology that combines the unique properties of liquid metal with the principles of triboelectric nanogenerators to achieve efficient and flexible conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy.

[0008] It operates by using the coupling effect of triboelectricity and electrostatic induction, and can convert a series of mechanical stimuli such as vibration, rotation, expansion and contraction into electrical energy. On this basis, liquid metal-based friction nanogenerators use liquid metal as an electrode or friction layer to form a friction pair with another material. When the two move relative to each other, due to the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction effect, charge separation will occur between the liquid metal and the other material, thereby forming an electric potential difference, driving electrons to flow in the external circuit and generating electrical energy.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a temperature difference power generation device, comprising at least one temperature difference power generation unit, wherein the temperature difference power generation unit comprises a shell divided into an upper part and a lower part, wherein the shell is made of an insulating material, wherein the interior of the shell is a closed structure, wherein the interior of the shell is in a vacuum state, and wherein the upper part and the lower part of the shell are connected; The upper portion of the shell includes at least one thin tubular structure, the lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected to the lower portion of the shell, and the cross-section of the lower portion of the shell is larger than the cross-section of the upper portion of the shell; The upper part of the shell is provided with an electrode friction unit, the electrode friction unit comprises electrodes laid on the upper inner top surface and inner side surface of the shell, the electrodes are metal conductive material bodies, the metal conductive material bodies completely cover the entire area on the upper inner top surface of the shell and the area from the upper end of the upper inner side surface of the shell to the lower part of the shell, and the friction material is coated on the entire surface of the electrode; The lower part of the shell contains liquid metal, a layered film and an expansion liquid. The liquid metal and the expansion liquid completely fill the lower space of the shell. The layered film is located between the liquid metal and the expansion liquid. The layered film completely isolates the liquid metal above it from the expansion liquid below it. The layered film is made of a highly tough and corrosion-resistant elastic material. The electrode and the liquid metal are respectively connected to a power supply wire passing through the shell, and one end of the power supply wire is located outside the shell.

[0010] Optionally, the surface of the shell is black.

[0011] Optionally, a strip-shaped body is connected to the top center of the electrode, the strip-shaped body is made of a metal conductive material, the lower end of the strip-shaped body is close to the lower part of the shell, and the surface of the strip-shaped body is covered with a friction material.

[0012] Optionally, the upper portion of the shell includes a plurality of the thin tubular structures arranged in parallel, and the electrodes in each of the thin tubular structures are connected to the same power supply wire.

[0013] Optionally, it includes a plurality of temperature difference power generation units connected in parallel.

[0014] Optionally, the friction material includes polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene terephthalate.

[0015] Optionally, the liquid metal is mercury or gallium.

[0016] Optionally, the expansion liquid is alcohol or gasoline.

[0017] Optionally, the edge of the layered film is connected to the inner wall of the lower portion of the shell.

[0018] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: utilizing the phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction caused by the temperature difference of the environment, and combining the solid-liquid phase connection power generation principle in the friction nanogenerator to achieve the purpose of temperature difference power generation. It has a series of advantages such as simple structure, low material cost, green and pollution-free, wide application environment, low maintenance cost, long service life, strong stability, etc., and through the combination of power generation units, it can also solve the common problem of low power generation efficiency of temperature difference power generation technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power generation unit in a specific implementation manner of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ; Figure 3 yes Figure 2A schematic diagram of the front view structure of Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific implementation mode 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second specific implementation mode of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the power generation principle of the prior art; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation principle flow of the prior art; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Electrode friction unit; 3. Liquid metal; 4. Layered film; 5. Expanding liquid; 6. Power supply wire; 7. Liquid metal; 8. Friction material body; 9. Metal electrode; 10. Wire; 11. Load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0021] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, LM-TENG consists of two parts, one is a thin sheet consisting of a friction material body 8 and a metal electrode 9, and the other is liquid metal 7. Any insulating material with different electron-absorbing ability from the liquid metal 7 can be used as a friction material, such as polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). One end of the metal electrode 9 is completely covered by the friction material body 8 to prevent a short circuit between the metal electrode 9 and the liquid metal 7. There are also a variety of materials for liquid metal 7 to choose from, such as mercury, gallium, etc. Figure 7As shown, the workflow is as follows: 1. When the thin sheet is partially immersed in the liquid metal, the friction material body 8 begins to contact with the liquid metal 7. Due to the different electron-absorbing abilities of the two, electrons will be injected from the liquid metal 7 into the surface of the friction material body 8, making the surface of the friction material body 8 carry a net negative charge, while the interface of the liquid metal 7 generates a net positive charge. Figure 7 As shown in I; 2. When the sheet is removed from the liquid metal 7, the friction charge in the interface area is separated, which will make the potential of the liquid metal 7 higher than that of the sensing electrode. In this way, the electrons in the metal electrode 9 will flow to the liquid metal 7 through the external load 11, thus forming a reverse current. Figure 7 As shown in II; 3. During this process, the electrons continue to flow until the sheet is completely removed. At this time, the induced potential difference and the amount of transferred charge between the metal electrode 9 and the liquid metal 7 reach their maximum values. Figure 7 As shown in Ⅲ; When the sheet moves back to the liquid metal 7, the potential difference will decrease as the wetted area of ​​the sheet increases. Therefore, the electrons will flow from the liquid metal 7 back to the metal electrode 9 in the opposite direction. Figure 7 As shown in IV, the whole process will produce AC pulse output.

[0022] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a temperature difference power generation device, including at least one temperature difference power generation unit, the temperature difference power generation unit includes a shell 1 divided into an upper part and a lower part, the shell 1 is made of an insulating material, the inside of the shell 1 is a closed structure, the inside of the shell 1 is a vacuum state, and the upper part and the lower part of the shell 1 are connected; The upper part of the shell 1 includes at least one thin tubular structure, the lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected to the lower part of the shell 1, and the cross-section of the lower part of the shell 1 is larger than the cross-section of the upper part of the shell 1; The upper part of the housing 1 is provided with an electrode friction unit 2, which includes electrodes laid on the upper inner top surface and inner side surface of the housing 1, and the electrodes are metal conductive material bodies, which completely cover the entire area on the upper inner top surface of the housing 1 and the area from the upper end of the upper inner side surface of the housing 1 to the lower part of the housing, and the friction material is coated on the entire surface of the electrode; The lower part of the shell 1 contains liquid metal 3, a layered film 4 and an expanded liquid 5. The liquid metal 3 and the expanded liquid 5 completely fill the lower space of the shell 1. The layered film 4 is located between the liquid metal 3 and the expanded liquid 5. The layered film 4 completely isolates the liquid metal 3 located above it from the expanded liquid 5 located below it. The layered film 4 is made of a highly tough and corrosion-resistant elastic material. The electrode and the liquid metal 3 are respectively connected to a power supply wire 6 passing through the housing 1, and one end of the power supply wire 6 is located outside the housing 1. The surface of the housing 1 is black. A strip-shaped body is connected to the top center of the electrode, and the strip-shaped body is made of a metal conductive material. The lower end of the strip-shaped body is close to the lower part of the housing 1, and the surface of the strip-shaped body is covered with a friction material.

[0023] Among them Figure 4 As shown, the upper portion of the housing 1 may include a plurality of parallel thin tubular structures, and the electrodes in each thin tubular structure are connected to the same power supply wire 6 .

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, it includes multiple temperature difference power generation units connected in parallel.

[0025] The friction material in the above structure includes polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. The liquid metal 3 is mercury or gallium. The expansion liquid 5 is alcohol or gasoline. The edge of the layered film 4 is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the shell 1. The shell 1 is made of a solid insulating material. The outer side of the shell 1 is painted black. The shell 1 is divided into an upper part and a lower part. The upper part is a thin tube (similar to the upper part of a thermometer). The shell 1 is sealed as a whole and isolated from the outside to prevent the liquid metal 3 from volatilizing. The upper part is mainly used to fix the electrode friction unit 2, and the lower part is a liquid expansion area, which is mainly filled with liquid metal 3 and high expansion liquid 5. The remaining part in the shell 1 is evacuated to a vacuum. The liquid expansion area is a columnar body with a large horizontal cross-section, which increases the area of ​​the bottom liquid absorbing heat radiation. The black color on the outside is conducive to the power generation system absorbing environmental heat radiation, and ultimately achieves the purpose of increasing the thermal expansion amplitude of the liquid inside the system.

[0026] The electrode friction unit 2 is composed of an electrode and a friction material. Generally, aluminum or copper, a metal material with good conductivity, is selected as the electrode (metal electrode 9). The friction material can be made of any insulating material with different electron-absorbing ability from the liquid metal 3, such as polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The electrode is in close contact with and completely covers the inner side (including the top and the side) of the tubular structure. In order to increase the contact area and the friction distance, a strip-shaped metal electrode column is further extended downward from the center of the top of the electrode to form a metal electrode structure with a "U"-shaped cross-section. The friction material wraps the exposed part of the electrode and completely covers it to prevent the electrode from short-circuiting when it contacts the liquid metal 3. At the same time, due to the effect of the "U"-shaped structure, the electrode friction unit composed of the friction material and the metal electrode 9 can contact and rub with the liquid metal 3 on all sides and in the center to generate electricity. The role of the strip-shaped metal electrode column is to occupy the originally vacuum space in the tubular structure and further reduce the area of ​​the horizontal cross-section vacuum in the tubular structure. When the same volume of mercury is squeezed and raised, the rising height will be higher than that of the metal strip electrode without a center, and the area of ​​contact between the mercury and the electrode friction unit 2 is larger. The change amplitude of the mercury column height with temperature changes is larger, and more electrical energy can be generated.

[0027] Liquid metal 3 uses mercury as a liquid electrode, and the amount of mercury used is slightly larger than the capacity of the vacuum of the capillary structure, so that the mercury can completely fill the vacuum space of the capillary, ensuring maximum power generation efficiency. When the temperature rises, the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5 expand due to heat. During the expansion process, the liquid metal 3 is squeezed into the inside of the capillary structure, and contacts and rubs with the electrode friction unit 2. Due to the difference in the ability of liquid metal 3 to absorb electricity and the friction material surface, charge transfer occurs. When the temperature drops, the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5 contract due to the cold. During the contraction process, the liquid metal 3 gradually withdraws from the inside of the capillary structure and continues to contact and rub with the electrode friction unit 2, resulting in charge transfer in the opposite direction to the previous direction (principle reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 ), and so on, forming a complete and continuous power generation technology. Thus, the purpose of temperature difference power generation is achieved by utilizing the change of temperature difference; The layered film 4 is made of an insulating, tough and elastic corrosion-resistant material such as (fluorinated modified TPU reinforced with nanofillers or PTFE-based composite materials), and is between the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5. The layered film 4 is connected to the lower inner side of the shell 1 on all sides. The layered film 4 separates the liquid metal 3 from the expansion liquid 5, preventing the liquid metal 3 from seeping into the expansion liquid 5, and does not affect the deformation amplitude of the expansion liquid 5 during the process of thermal expansion, and the squeezing effect on the upper liquid metal 3. The layered film 4 can also be replaced by a lightweight partition that moves freely up and down, but liquid leakage must be prevented.

[0028] The expansion liquid 5 is composed of a liquid with an expansion coefficient, such as alcohol, gasoline or other organic solvents (about 10 times the expansion coefficient of mercury). The expansion liquid 5 is placed on the lower side of the liquid metal 3 and is closely attached to the liquid metal 3 through the layered film 4. When the temperature rises, the expansion amplitude of the expansion liquid 5 is much greater than the expansion amplitude of the mercury in the liquid metal 3. Therefore, compared with the expansion effect of pure mercury, the volume of mercury squeezed into the tubular structure will increase significantly. Since the vacuum area of ​​the cross section of the tubular structure is constant, the height of the mercury column will be higher, thereby increasing the contact and friction area with the electrode friction unit 2 and improving the power generation efficiency; at the same time, the use of the lower-priced expansion liquid 5 to replace the same volume of mercury also greatly reduces the manufacturing cost. The expansion coefficient of mercury is 1.8×10^-4 / ℃, alcohol is 1.1×10^-3 / ℃, and gasoline is 1.2×10^-3 / ℃, so the expansion coefficient of alcohol and gasoline is about 10 times that of mercury.

[0029] The necessity of providing the expansion liquid 5 in the lower part of the shell 1 is explained by comparing the two cases where the lower part of the shell 1 is filled with only mercury and the lower part of the shell 1 is filled with mercury and gasoline at the same time: Ⅰ. The lower part of the housing 1 is filled with mercury only: 500 ml of mercury (the capacity of a small bottle of mineral water), and the volume changes by 0.09 ml when the temperature changes by 1°C.

[0030] 1. Therefore, when the cross-sectional area of ​​the vacuum in the capillary structure is 0.9 mm 2 When the temperature changes by 1℃, the mercury column can change vertically by 10cm; 2. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the vacuum in the capillary structure is 1.8 mm 2 When the temperature changes by 1℃, the mercury column can change vertically by 5cm; II. When the present invention is used to simultaneously fill mercury and gasoline: the expansion liquid 5 is composed of 100 ml of mercury in the upper part and 400 ml of gasoline in the lower part, a total of 500 ml. When the temperature changes by 1° C., its volume changes by 0.498 ml.

[0031] 1. Therefore, when the cross-sectional area of ​​the vacuum in the capillary structure is 0.9 mm 2 When the temperature changes by 1℃, the mercury column can change vertically by about 55.33cm (the vertical height change increases by 5.5 times); 2. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the vacuum in the capillary structure is 1.8 mm 2 When the temperature changes by 1℃, the mercury column can change vertically by 27.67cm; Generally, the daily temperature difference at the seaside is 5-12°C, in the city is 8-15°C, and in the desert is 15-30°C. Combined with the structure of the present invention that increases the absorption of heat energy, the temperature difference will be further increased, and the volume change will be further amplified; If the volume change is insufficient, the capacity of the bottom liquid expansion zone can be increased, and the capacity of the expansion liquid 5 can be further increased to increase the change volume of the liquid, thereby increasing the longitudinal change height.

[0032] Combined with the 1°C mercury column change discussed above, it can be proved that the range of mercury column height change per day or per unit time is large, which can form effective electrical energy; At the same time, the significance of using the expansion liquid 5 is also explained, which can greatly increase the change height of the mercury column, increase the contact area between the mercury and the electrode friction unit 2, and improve the power generation efficiency. Even if the area of ​​the vacuum cross-section of the capillary structure needs to be increased, it only needs to increase the amount of the high expansion liquid 5, and the longitudinal change of the mercury column can still be kept relatively high, which provides a high degree of flexibility and applicability for the practical application of the present invention.

[0033] The power conductor 6 is composed of a high-conductivity wire, one of which passes through the top of the housing 1 and is connected to the electrode, and the other passes through the bottom of the housing 1 and is connected to the liquid metal 3. The two power conductors 6 are connected to the external load 11 to form a closed circuit, so that the charge can be freely transferred between the liquid metal 3, the electrode friction unit 2, the power conductor 6 and the external load 11 to form a current. It should be noted that the connection where the power conductor 6 passes through the housing 1 needs to be sealed and reinforced to prevent mercury volatilization and circuit short circuit.

[0034] The thermoelectric power generation device in the present invention belongs to the green and low-carbon energy technology, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. It utilizes the temperature difference in the natural environment for energy conversion, and is a new technology and means for collecting and providing clean and renewable energy. By using the design principle of a mercury thermometer and the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of liquid metal 3 with the ambient temperature, combined with the technology of solid-liquid contact power generation in a triboelectric nanogenerator, the purpose of thermoelectric power generation is achieved, and it has strong environmental adaptability. The design of the liquid expansion area with a large horizontal cross-section at the bottom of the power generation unit is to increase the sensitivity of the energy exchange between the internal liquid and the external environment: when the ambient temperature rises, the liquid in the lower part of the outer shell 1 quickly absorbs heat through heat transfer. At the same time, due to the large horizontal area, the solar radiation received will also be large, increasing the heat energy absorption of the liquid and increasing the expansion amplitude of the liquid. When the ambient temperature drops, the large horizontal area can accelerate heat dissipation, causing the liquid temperature to drop rapidly, achieving the purpose of rapid contraction. Therefore, the sensitivity of the liquid's response to the change in the temperature difference with the environment can be improved; the blackening design of the outer shell 1 can absorb more radiant heat energy, further enhancing the expansion energy of the liquid in the thermoelectric power generation unit and increasing the power generation efficiency. The use of the "hui"-shaped electrode friction unit 2 structure, compared with the design of pasting the inner wall of the thin tubular structure full of "kou"-shaped, in the "hui"-shaped design, the increase in the central electrode column makes the vacuum cross-sectional area of the thin tubular structure smaller, resulting in a larger longitudinal change amplitude of the mercury column with the unit temperature difference. Thus, the contact area and friction frequency between the mercury and the electrode friction unit 2 are increased, improving the power generation efficiency of the power generation system; the use of the bottom expansion liquid 5 reduces the amount of mercury used, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the power generation system; at the same time, since the bottom liquid is selected as a liquid with a high expansion coefficient, the volume change amplitude with temperature change is larger. Compared with pure mercury, the expansion and contraction reaction is more sensitive, causing the mercury column to fluctuate more frequently in the thin tubular structure and having a larger longitudinal change amplitude, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0035] Temperature difference inevitably exists in the natural environment. Using temperature difference as the starting energy source for electric energy is a relatively novel energy technology method. During the energy production process, no polluting substances are emitted, and it will not cause damage to the ecological environment, and can provide a large amount of green and renewable energy; no polluting substances are generated during the power generation process of the present invention. It is a green and low-carbon clean energy, protecting the environment and conforming to the national development trend; the structure of the present invention is simple and clear, the materials used have low costs, are not easily damaged, have low maintenance costs, and have high stability; through the use of solutions such as increasing the bottom horizontal cross-sectional area, blackening the outer shell, the "hui"-type structure of the electrode friction unit, and expansion liquid, the power generation efficiency has been optimized and improved through technical means; the power generation technology in the present invention can also be connected into a network to form a large-scale power generation body to generate a large amount of electric energy and provide a large amount of continuous electric energy.

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature difference power generation device, characterized in that: The thermoelectric power generation unit comprises at least one thermoelectric power generation unit, wherein the thermoelectric power generation unit comprises a housing divided into an upper part and a lower part, wherein the housing is made of an insulating material, wherein the interior of the housing is a closed structure, wherein the interior of the housing is in a vacuum state, and wherein the upper part and the lower part of the housing are connected; The upper portion of the shell includes at least one thin tubular structure, the lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected to the lower portion of the shell, and the cross-section of the lower portion of the shell is larger than the cross-section of the upper portion of the shell; The upper part of the shell is provided with an electrode friction unit, the electrode friction unit comprises electrodes laid on the upper inner top surface and inner side surface of the shell, the electrodes are metal conductive material bodies, the metal conductive material bodies completely cover the entire area on the upper inner top surface of the shell and the area from the upper end of the upper inner side surface of the shell to the lower part of the shell, and the friction material is coated on the entire surface of the electrode; The lower part of the shell contains liquid metal, a layered film and an expansion liquid. The liquid metal and the expansion liquid completely fill the lower space of the shell. The layered film is located between the liquid metal and the expansion liquid. The layered film completely isolates the liquid metal above it from the expansion liquid below it. The layered film is made of a highly tough and corrosion-resistant elastic material. The electrode and the liquid metal are respectively connected to a power supply wire passing through the shell, and one end of the power supply wire is located outside the shell.

2. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the shell is black.

3. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A strip-shaped body is connected to the center of the top of the electrode. The strip-shaped body is made of a metal conductive material. The lower end of the strip-shaped body is close to the lower part of the shell. The surface of the strip-shaped body is covered with a friction material.

4. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper part of the shell includes a plurality of the thin tubular structures arranged in parallel, and the electrodes in each of the thin tubular structures are connected to the same power supply wire.

5. The thermoelectric power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes multiple temperature difference power generation units connected in parallel.

6. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The friction material includes polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene terephthalate.

7. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid metal is mercury or gallium.

8. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion liquid is alcohol or gasoline.

9. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The edge of the layered film is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the shell.

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