Round pipeline electric field reconstruction method and device based on mirror image method ray tracing and medium
By adopting a mirror-based ray tracing method in the modeling of circular pipeline channels and combining with the circular waveguide model, the problem of difficulty in accurately describing electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics in the prior art is solved, and accurate reconstruction of the electric field distribution in the circular pipeline and description of signal transmission characteristics is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510023401.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to accurately describe the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in circular pipeline channel modeling, especially in high-frequency and large-size models, and the computing resource consumption is large.
A multipath model is established through mirroring method, combined with the circular waveguide model, a multipath model is established through mirroring method, and the electric field intensity is calculated, and the electric field distribution at any position in the circular pipe is obtained through coupling calculation through the circular waveguide function and intensity component.
It realizes accurate reconstruction of the electric field distribution in the circular pipeline, provides a more comprehensive description of signal transmission characteristics, reduces computing resource consumption, and is suitable for high-frequency and large-size models.
Smart Images
Figure CN120017193A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of channel modeling, and in particular to a circular pipeline electric field reconstruction method, device and medium based on mirror image method ray tracing. Background Art
[0002] There are four main solutions for modeling circular tunnels or pipeline channels: geometric optics model, circular waveguide model, full-wave model and statistical model. In the geometric optics model, electromagnetic waves are approximately simulated as optical rays, and the multipath propagation path between the transmitter and the receiver is calculated to obtain multipath information. It is suitable for high-frequency and large-size models but cannot accurately describe the wave attenuation of the tunnel. As an analytical solution model, the circular waveguide model can accurately describe the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in circular boundaries. The circular waveguide mode can be used as a set of orthogonal bases to achieve the reconstruction of any internal electric field. The full-wave model uses numerical methods such as FDTD to solve Maxwell's equations under arbitrary boundary conditions, solves partial differential equations at discrete time and discrete points (finite grids), and can handle arbitrary shapes and complex tunnels. Through high-precision grid division and time domain solution, it can accurately describe the propagation of electromagnetic waves. However, due to time domain discretization and fine grid division, the grid size needs to be less than one-tenth of the carrier wavelength, and the computing resource consumption is large. The statistical channel model, which is based on actual measurement data, can be used directly to describe the statistical characteristics of the channel. It does not require solving the specific propagation path or mode. The calculation is simple and fast, but its accuracy depends on the support of a large amount of measurement data and cannot provide a physical intuitive explanation. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a circular pipe electric field reconstruction method, equipment and medium based on mirror image ray tracing. The electric field is obtained by a fast ray tracing algorithm, and the electromagnetic field distribution is obtained by combining the circular waveguide to obtain a more comprehensive description of the signal transmission characteristics, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing, comprising the following steps:
[0005] Step 1: Build a multipath model using the mirror method: Set the radius of the circular pipe a and the coordinates of the transceiver at any position inside and the number of reflections i, we can obtain all propagation paths of the geometric optics propagation model in the two-dimensional polar coordinate system and calculate the electric field strength
[0006] Step 2: Calculate the circular waveguide function
[0007] Step 3: Calculate the intensity components of each mode of the circular waveguide at different positions
[0008] Step 4: Reconstruct the electric field by superimposing the modes of each circular waveguide and bringing them into the coordinates of the transceiver to obtain the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe. Rx (ρ,φ,z).
[0009] Preferably, in the optical propagation model of step 1, the ray update is obtained by the reflection matrix R of the concave mirror of the optical resonant cavity:
[0010]
[0011] Let v be the unit vector of a ray, and update the direction after reflection using the following formula:
[0012]
[0013] Calculate the path length D of each path to the receiver ij , the formula is as follows:
[0014]
[0015] For horizontally polarized and vertically polarized incidence, the reflection coefficient is given by:
[0016]
[0017] Among them, θ ij is the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave; ε r is the complex relative dielectric constant of the reflecting surface. When the number of reflections is determined, the incident angle of each reflection in the pipe is equal:
[0018]
[0019] The electric field strength is obtained from the ray path length and reflection coefficient The formula is as follows:
[0020]
[0021] Where k is the wave number, E0 is the electric field coefficient at the point source, Γ ║ and Γ ⊥ are the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization reflection coefficients respectively, and j is the index under the same number of reflections.
[0022] Preferably, in step 2, the circular waveguide function is calculated
[0023]
[0024] Among them, J n(x) is the first-order Bessel function. For the transverse electric mode with only transverse components of the electric field, i.e., the TE mode, k c =u mn / a,k c is the cut-off wave number, J′ n (x) = dJ n (x) / dx,u mn J′ n = the mth root of 0, a is the radius of the pipe; for the transverse electric mode with only transverse components of the magnetic field, i.e., the TM mode, k c =v mn / a,v mn For J n The mth root of (x) = 0, n represents the number of whole standing waves of the field quantity distributed along the circumference, and m represents the number of half standing waves of the field quantity distributed along the radius or the number of maximum values of the field quantity.
[0025] Preferably, in step 3, the electric field strength Circular waveguide function Perform coupling calculations to calculate the intensity components of each mode in the circular waveguide at different positions
[0026]
[0027] Where S is the pipe cross section, is the longitudinal unit vector, is the radial electric field, is the circumferential magnetic field:
[0028]
[0029] Where η0 is the wave impedance, and are the radial axis unit vector and the circumferential axis unit vector respectively.
[0030] Preferably, in step 4, based on the circular waveguide function and intensity component The calculation results of the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe are obtained. Rx (ρ,φ,z), the formula is as follows:
[0031]
[0032] where α mn is the attenuation coefficient, β mn is the phase shift coefficient:
[0033]
[0034] Where k is the wave number, is the complex dielectric constant of the pipe wall, σ h is the conductivity, ε r is the relative dielectric constant, ε0 is the vacuum dielectric constant, f c is the carrier frequency.
[0035] On the other hand, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing one or more programs;
[0036] When the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the processor executes the circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing.
[0037] On the other hand, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: a computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror method ray tracing is implemented.
[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention expands the geometric optical basic model of the mirror method into a waveguide modal model, which has a more comprehensive field distribution and appropriate complexity. The present invention reflects the attenuation and fluctuation of the signal at different positions in the circular tunnel. When the propagation frequency is higher than the cutoff frequency of each mode of the circular waveguide, although the high-order mode decays faster, it cannot be ignored. The multi-mode waveguide reconstruction of the present invention can obtain the weights of each waveguide mode of the circular waveguide at different positions, reflecting the fluctuation phenomenon of attenuation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image method ray tracing in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 2 is a graph of all multipath paths between transceivers when the maximum number of reflections is set to 3 in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0042] In the figure, 210 is a processor; 220 is a storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0044] The present invention provides a technical solution: a circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:
[0045] Step 1: Build a multipath model using the mirror method: Set the radius of the circular pipe a and the coordinates of the transceiver at any position inside and the number of reflections i, we can obtain all propagation paths of the geometric optics propagation model in the two-dimensional polar coordinate system and calculate the electric field strength
[0046] First, we get the coordinates of the transmitter point source in the polar coordinate system. and the receiver point source coordinates Set the number of reflections i, and define j as the index under the same number of reflections. First, calculate the polar coordinates of each mirror source, then add the z-axis, calculate the electric field by ray tracing, use the mirror method to perform ray tracing in the circular pipe, and set the coordinates of the transmitter point source in the cylindrical coordinate system. and the receiver point source coordinates Calculate the path length D ij and reflection coefficient, relative dielectric constant ε r , the schematic diagrams of each propagation path are as follows Figure 2 shown.
[0047] In the two-dimensional projected polar coordinate system, the polar coordinates of the image source of the jth path when the i-th reflection occurs are It can be expressed as:
[0048]
[0049] Among them, m ij The normal angle at which the first reflection of this path occurs.
[0050] In the optical propagation model of step 1, the ray update is obtained by the reflection matrix R of the concave mirror of the optical resonant cavity:
[0051]
[0052] Let v be the unit vector of a ray, and update the direction after reflection using the following formula:
[0053]
[0054] Given the coordinates of the mirror source, calculate the path length D of each path to the receiver ij , the formula is as follows:
[0055]
[0056] For horizontally polarized and vertically polarized incidence, the reflection coefficient is given by:
[0057]
[0058] Among them, θ ij is the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave; ε r is the complex relative dielectric constant of the reflecting surface. When the number of reflections is determined, the incident angle of each reflection in the pipe is equal:
[0059]
[0060] The electric field strength is obtained from the ray path length and reflection coefficient The formula is as follows:
[0061]
[0062] Where k is the wave number, E0 is the electric field coefficient at the point source, Γ ║ and Γ ⊥ are the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization reflection coefficients respectively, j is the index under the same number of reflections,
[0063] Step 2: Calculate the circular waveguide function
[0064]
[0065] Among them, J n (x) is the first-order Bessel function. For the transverse electric mode with only transverse components of the electric field, i.e., the TE mode, k c =u mn / a,k c is the cut-off wave number, J′ n (x) = dJ n (x) / dx,u mn J′ n = the mth root of 0, a is the radius of the pipe; for the transverse electric mode with only transverse components of the magnetic field, i.e., the TM mode, k c =v mn / a,v mn For J n The mth root of (x) = 0, n represents the number of whole standing waves of the field quantity distributed along the circumference, and m represents the number of half standing waves of the field quantity distributed along the radius or the number of maximum values of the field quantity.
[0066] Step 3: Calculate the intensity components of each mode of the circular waveguide at different positions
[0067] In step 3, the electric field strength Circular waveguide function Perform coupling calculations to calculate the intensity components of each mode in the circular waveguide at different positions
[0068]
[0069]
[0070] Where S is the pipe cross section, is the longitudinal axis unit vector, is the radial electric field, is the circumferential magnetic field:
[0071]
[0072] Among them, 0 is the wave impedance, and are the radial axis unit vector and the circumferential axis unit vector respectively.
[0073] Step 4: Reconstruct the electric field by superimposing the modes of each circular waveguide and bringing them into the coordinates of the transceiver to obtain the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe. Rx (ρ,φ,z).
[0074] In step 4, based on the circular waveguide function and intensity component The calculation results of the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe are obtained. Rx (ρ,φ,z), the formula is as follows:
[0075]
[0076] where α mn is the attenuation coefficient, β mn is the phase shift coefficient:
[0077]
[0078] Where k is the wave number, is the complex dielectric constant of the pipe wall, σ h is the conductivity, ε r is the relative dielectric constant, ε0 is the vacuum dielectric constant, f c is the carrier frequency.
[0079] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method embodiment, the present application embodiment also provides an electronic device, such as Figure 3 As shown, the device includes: a processor 210; and a memory 220, for storing one or more programs;
[0080] When the one or more programs are executed by the processor 210, the processor is enabled to execute the circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image method ray tracing.
[0081] The circular pipeline electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing specifically includes the following steps:
[0082] The mirror method is used to establish a multipath model: set the radius of the circular pipe a, and the coordinates of the transceiver at any position inside and the number of reflections i, we can obtain all propagation paths of the geometric optics propagation model in the two-dimensional polar coordinate system and calculate the electric field strength
[0083] Calculating the circular waveguide function
[0084] Calculate the intensity components of each mode in a circular waveguide at different positions
[0085] By superimposing the modes of each circular waveguide and bringing them into the coordinates of the transceiver to reconstruct the electric field, the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe can be obtained. Rx (ρ,φ,z).
[0086] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned method embodiment, the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by the processor 210, the circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing is implemented.
[0087] The circular pipeline electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing specifically includes the following steps:
[0088] The mirror method is used to establish a multipath model: set the radius of the circular pipe a, and the coordinates of the transceiver at any position inside and the number of reflections i, we can obtain all propagation paths of the geometric optics propagation model in the two-dimensional polar coordinate system and calculate the electric field strength
[0089] Calculating the circular waveguide function
[0090] Calculate the intensity components of each mode in a circular waveguide at different positions
[0091] By superimposing the modes of each circular waveguide and bringing them into the coordinates of the transceiver to reconstruct the electric field, the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe can be obtained. Rx (ρ,φ,z).
[0092] The present invention expands the geometric optics basic model of the mirror method into a waveguide modal model with a more comprehensive field distribution and appropriate complexity. The present invention establishes a geometric optics model for circular reflection and combines it with the circular waveguide model to obtain the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics between point sources at arbitrary positions, which can explain the fluctuation of path loss in multi-mode conditions.
[0093] In the embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The device and method embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the devices, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
[0094] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist independently, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
[0095] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or partly contributed to the prior art or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, an electronic device, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk. It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Without more constraints, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising the element.
[0096] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.
[0097] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0098] The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)", depending on the context.
[0099] The "first\second" mentioned in the embodiments is only to distinguish similar objects, and does not represent a specific order for the objects. It is understandable that the "first\second" can be interchanged with the specific order or sequence where permitted. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by "first\second" can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
[0100] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Build a multipath model using the mirror method: Set the radius of the circular pipe a and the coordinates of the transceiver at any position inside and the number of reflections i, we can obtain all propagation paths of the geometric optics propagation model in the two-dimensional polar coordinate system and calculate the electric field strength Step 2: Calculate the circular waveguide function Step 3: Calculate the intensity components of each mode of the circular waveguide at different positions Step 4: Reconstruct the electric field by superimposing the modes of each circular waveguide and bringing them into the coordinates of the transceiver to obtain the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe. Rx (ρ,φ,z).
2. The circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the optical propagation model of step 1, the ray update is obtained by the reflection matrix R of the concave mirror of the optical resonant cavity: Let v be the unit vector of a ray, and update the direction after reflection using the following formula: Calculate the path length D of each path to the receiver ij , the formula is as follows: For horizontally polarized and vertically polarized incidence, the reflection coefficient is given by: Among them, θ ij is the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave; ε r is the complex relative dielectric constant of the reflecting surface. When the number of reflections is determined, the incident angle of each reflection in the pipe is equal: The electric field strength is obtained from the ray path length and reflection coefficient The formula is as follows: Where k is the wave number, E0 is the electric field coefficient at the point source, Γ ║ and Γ ⊥ are the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization reflection coefficients respectively, and j is the index under the same number of reflections.
3. The circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the circular waveguide function is calculated Among them, J n (x) is the first-order Bessel function of nth order. For the TE mode, k c =u ma / a,k c is the cut-off wave number, J′ n (x) = dJ n (x) / dx,u mn J′ n = the mth root of 0, a is the pipe radius; for TM mode, k c =v mn / a,v mn For J n The mth root of (x) = 0, n represents the number of whole standing waves of the field quantity distributed along the circumference, and m represents the number of half standing waves of the field quantity distributed along the radius or the number of maximum values of the field quantity.
4. The circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the electric field strength Circular waveguide function Perform coupling calculations to calculate the intensity components of each mode in the circular waveguide at different positions Where S is the pipe cross section, is the longitudinal unit vector, is the radial electric field, is the circumferential magnetic field: Where η0 is the wave impedance, and are the radial axis unit vector and the circumferential axis unit vector respectively.
5. The circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 4, based on the circular waveguide function and intensity component The calculation result of (z) is used to obtain the field distribution E′ at any position in the circular pipe. Rx (ρ,φ,z), the formula is as follows: where α mn is the attenuation coefficient, β mn is the phase shift coefficient: Where k is the wave number, is the complex dielectric constant of the pipe wall, σ h is the conductivity, ε r is the relative dielectric constant, ε0 is the vacuum dielectric constant, f c is the carrier frequency.
6. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: a processor (210); and a memory (220) for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the processor (210), the processor performs the circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by the processor (210), the circular pipe electric field reconstruction method based on mirror image ray tracing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.