Shell, battery monomer, battery and electric device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a shell, a battery monomer, a battery and an electric device. The shell is provided with an opening, the shell is of an integrally-formed structure, the shell comprises a first wall and at least two second walls which are arranged opposite to the opening, and the first wall and the second walls are arranged in a crossed mode; two of the at least two second walls are connected through a first fillet, the inner diameter R1 of the first fillet and the depth H of the shell meet the following conditions: 2.5 mm < = R1 < = 20 mm, and 50 mm < = H < = 250 mm. According to the shell, the battery monomer, the battery and the power utilization device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem of wrinkling and cracking of the shell caused by material stacking at the fillet can be reduced in an integral forming process of the shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically, to a housing, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Generally, the housing of a battery cell has a great influence on the performance of the battery cell itself. Therefore, how to improve the performance of the battery cell by improving the housing has been a problem under research. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a housing, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which can reduce the risk of the housing wrinkling and cracking caused by material accumulation at the rounded corners during the integral molding process of the housing.

[0004] In a first aspect, a housing is provided. The housing has an opening, and the housing is an integrally formed structure. The housing includes a first wall disposed opposite to the opening and at least two second walls. The first wall and the second walls intersect; two of the at least two second walls are connected by a first rounded corner, and the inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner and the depth H of the housing satisfy: 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm, 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm.

[0005] In this embodiment, by setting the depth H of the housing and the inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner between the second walls to satisfy 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm, 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm, the risk of cracking caused by the force on the housing during the integral molding process can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the energy density of the battery cell, thereby reducing the molding difficulty of the housing.

[0006] In a possible implementation manner, H and R1 satisfy: 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm, 75 mm ≤ H ≤ 180 mm.

[0007] In this embodiment, by setting H and R1 to satisfy: 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm, 75 mm ≤ H ≤ 180 mm, on the one hand, the energy density of the battery cell will not be reduced due to too small H or too large R, and on the other hand, the housing will not be prone to material accumulation during the molding process due to too large H or too small R, thereby causing the situation that the housing is overstressed and cracked.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the yield strength of the housing at a temperature of 25 °C is Re, and Re satisfies: 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 Mpa.

[0009] In this embodiment, by defining that the yield strength Re of the housing at a temperature of 25°C is in the range of [140 MPa, 1000 MPa], on the one hand, the large Re will not cause excessive flow force on the housing during manufacturing, resulting in difficult forming of the housing. On the other hand, the small Re will not cause the problem that the housing is prone to force deformation during use.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the material of the housing includes steel material.

[0011] In this embodiment, using steel material to prepare the housing can meet the strength requirements of the housing, is easy to process, and has a low cost.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the material of the housing includes at least one of the following materials: stainless steel and carbon steel.

[0013] In this embodiment, if the housing uses stainless steel material, its structural strength is relatively large, and it can usually meet the yield strength c under the above normal temperature conditions (i.e., 25°C). Moreover, the housing made of stainless steel is not easy to rust, and compared with other materials, it can improve the service life of the housing. If the housing uses carbon steel material, its structural strength is large and it is easy to meet the yield strength c under the above normal temperature conditions. In addition, considering that carbon steel material may be easily corroded during use, nickel can be plated on the outer surface of the carbon steel housing. For example, the thickness of the nickel plating layer is usually 1 μm to 10 μm to protect the surface of the housing from being oxidized and corroded, and improve the service life of the housing.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the two second walls are two adjacent second walls among at least two second walls, and the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet satisfies: T1 > T0 with the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall with the largest thickness among the two second walls.

[0015] In this embodiment, by providing a first fillet between two adjacent second walls and setting the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet to be greater than the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall with the largest thickness among the two second walls, it is beneficial to solve the deformation problem of the battery cell during production and assembly, and the problem of the housing deforming due to gas production and expansion during use.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the two second walls are two opposite second walls among at least two second walls.

[0017] In this embodiment, by providing a first fillet between two oppositely arranged second walls, it is more beneficial to reduce the risk of the housing cracking caused by force during the integral forming process of high-strength materials by increasing the inner diameter R1 of the first fillet.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the first wall and the second wall are connected by a second fillet, and the inner diameter r1 of the second fillet and the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall with the minimum thickness among at least two second walls satisfy: 2.0 ≤ r1 / T2 ≤ 30.

[0019] In this embodiment, by setting the inner diameter r1 of the second fillet and the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall with the minimum thickness among at least two second walls to 2.0 ≤ r1 / T2 ≤ 30, it helps to balance the processing difficulty of the housing, the space capacity of the battery cell, and the strength.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the wall thickness of the housing is uniform.

[0021] In this embodiment, by setting the wall thickness of the housing to be uniform, on the one hand, the processing difficulty of the housing can be reduced, and on the other hand, each wall of the housing can be set to the minimum processing wall thickness, which helps to fully improve the space utilization rate of the housing.

[0022] In a second aspect, a battery cell is provided, including an electrode assembly and a housing as in the first aspect and any of its possible implementations, and the electrode assembly is accommodated in the housing.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the thickness of the battery cell is D1, where H, R1, and D1 satisfy: 0.15 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 36 mm.

[0024] In this embodiment, by setting 0.15 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 36 mm, it is possible to reduce the risk of material accumulation during the housing forming process caused by too small a value of R1*D1 / H, which may lead to excessive stress on the housing and cracking, and it can also reduce the impact on the energy density of the battery cell due to too large a value of R1*D1 / H.

[0025] In a possible implementation, H, R1, and D1 satisfy: 0.34 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 18 mm.

[0026] In this embodiment, by setting 0.34 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 18 mm, an equilibrium can be achieved between the forming difficulty of the housing and the energy density.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the thickness of the electrode assembly is D2, and R1 and D2 satisfy: 0.125 ≤ R1 / D2 ≤ 0.45.

[0028] In this embodiment, by setting 0.125 ≤ R1 / D2 ≤ 0.45, on the one hand, it will not interfere with the electrode assembly due to too large an R1 or cause insufficient residual space inside the battery cell, thereby affecting the performance of the battery cell; on the other hand, it will not cause difficulty in forming the housing due to too small an R1.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the electrode assembly includes a negative electrode tab, the negative electrode tab includes a negative electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating and intercalating metal ions, and the negative electrode active material includes a silicon-based material; the tensile strength of at least a part of the housing at a temperature of 25 °C is Rm, and Rm satisfies: 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa.

[0030] In this embodiment, setting a silicon-based material on the negative electrode tab can accommodate more metal ions and effectively increase the energy density of the battery cell. In addition, when the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode tab has a silicon-based material, the deformation amount of the electrode assembly in the battery cell during use will also increase. Especially during the charging process of the battery cell, when metal ions intercalate into the silicon-based material of the negative electrode tab, the electrode assembly will expand in volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly on the housing of the battery cell. Therefore, increasing the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing at room temperature of 25 °C can improve the deformation ability of the housing, making the housing not easily damaged during the use of the battery cell, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery cell and further improving the service life of the battery cell. However, the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing at room temperature of 25 °C should not be too large to reduce the material selection difficulty and processing difficulty of the housing, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the electrode assembly includes a negative electrode tab, the negative electrode tab includes a negative electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating and intercalating metal ions, and the negative electrode active material includes a silicon-based material; the yield strength of at least a part of the housing at a temperature of 25 °C is Re, and Re satisfies: 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 MPa.

[0032] In this embodiment, setting a silicon-based material on the negative electrode tab can accommodate more metal ions, effectively increasing the energy density of the battery cell. Additionally, when the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode tab has a silicon-based material, the amount of deformation of the electrode assembly within the battery cell during use will also increase. Especially during the charging process of the battery cell, when metal ions are embedded in the silicon-based material of the negative electrode tab, the electrode assembly will expand in volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly on the housing of the battery cell. Therefore, increasing the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing under the condition of normal temperature of 25 °C can improve the deformation ability of the housing, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery cell and further increasing the service life of the battery cell. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell, when the electrode assembly cyclically expands and contracts in volume, increasing the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing can increase the maximum extrusion force that the housing can withstand. Without exceeding the limit of the yield strength of the housing, the housing is not easily damaged, and the deformation of the housing can be restored, increasing the service life of the housing. However, the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing under normal temperature conditions should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode tab, the positive electrode tab includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly extracting-inserting metal ions, and the positive electrode active material includes a nickel-containing element compound; the melting point of at least a part of the housing is p, and p satisfies: 1200 °C ≤ p ≤ 2000 °C.

[0034] In this embodiment, when the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode tab includes a nickel-containing element compound, it can effectively increase the energy density and long cycle life of the battery cell, and also increase the gas generated during the use of the battery cell. Especially when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, the internal temperature of the battery cell rapidly increases and a large amount of gas is generated. Therefore, appropriately increasing the melting point p of at least a part of the housing will make the housing not easily melted, reducing the possibility of explosion of the battery cell, and further reducing the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells, so as to improve the reliability of the battery. However, the melting point p of the housing should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode tab, the positive electrode tab includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly extracting-inserting metal ions, and the positive electrode active material includes a nickel-containing element compound; the tensile strength of at least a part of the housing under the condition of a temperature of 500 °C is Rn, and Rn satisfies: 100 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 1200 MPa.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode plate includes a nickel-containing element compound, the energy density and long cycle life of the battery cell can be effectively increased, but the gas generated during the use of the battery cell will also increase. Especially when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, the internal temperature of the battery cell will increase rapidly and a large amount of gas will be generated. Therefore, appropriately increasing the tensile strength Rn of at least part of the housing under the condition of a high temperature of 500 °C can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing when the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, making it difficult for the housing to be quickly damaged and exploded, thereby reducing the risk of adjacent battery cells undergoing thermal runaway and improving the reliability of the battery. However, the tensile strength Rn of at least part of the housing under the condition of a high temperature of 500 °C should not be too large to save costs and facilitate processing.

[0037] In a third aspect, a battery is provided, including a plurality of battery cells as in the second aspect and any of its possible implementation manners.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, an electrical device is provided, including a battery, and the battery includes a plurality of battery cells as in the second aspect and any of its possible implementation manners. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 4 It is an explosion schematic diagram of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a housing disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a housing disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0047] Figure 8 Shows a schematic diagram of the material flow during the one-piece molding process of the housing.

[0048] Figure 9 Shows a schematic diagram of the forces acting on the housing during the one-piece molding process.

[0049] Figure 10 Is another cross-sectional view of the housing disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0050] Figure 11 Is Figure 10 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B in

[0051] Figure 12 Is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 13 Is an exploded schematic diagram of another battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 14 Is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 15 Is a schematic cross-sectional view of the negative electrode tab or the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 16 Is a schematic structural diagram of a fixture for cyclic charge fatigue testing according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 17 Shows a schematic side view of the housing according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0057] Figure 18 Is a schematic top view of the housing according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Figure 19 Is a partial enlarged view of the structure of the housing according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 20 Is a schematic cross-sectional view of the partial structure of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 21 Is an exploded structural schematic diagram of a battery cell according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure 22 Is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a battery cell according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Figure 23 Is a schematic cross-sectional view of the partial structure of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Figure 24 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another partial structure of the battery according to another embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the present application in the specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application or the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a specific order or primary-secondary relationship.

[0066] Referring to "embodiments" in the present application means that specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] The term " / and" in the present application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, in different embodiments, the detailed description of the same components is omitted. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, etc. of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, etc. of the integrated device are only for illustrative purposes and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.

[0070] The term "a plurality of" as used in the present application refers to two or more (including two). Similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of sheets" refers to two or more sheets (including two sheets).

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery cell may be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be activated by charging after discharging so that the active material can be reused.

[0072] The battery cell may be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0073] The battery cell generally includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) intercalate and deintercalate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which can prevent short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes and at the same time allow the active ions to pass through.

[0074] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0075] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite to each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is disposed on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0076] As an example, the positive electrode current collector may be a metal foil, a foam metal, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, aluminum or stainless steel with a silver surface treatment, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium, etc. may be used. The foam metal may be foam nickel, foam copper, foam aluminum, foam alloy, or foam carbon, etc. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0077] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as the positive electrode active material of the battery can also be used. These positive electrode active materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, examples of lithium-containing phosphates may include, but are not limited to, lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO 4 (which can also be abbreviated as LFP)), a composite material of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), a composite material of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and at least one of a composite material of lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon.

[0078] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material provided on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0079] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite to each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0080] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a foam metal, or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum or stainless steel with silver surface treatment, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrodes, carbon, nickel, titanium, etc. can be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The foam metal can be foam nickel, foam copper, foam aluminum, foam alloy, or foam carbon, etc. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (such as copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0081] As an example, the negative electrode active material can be a negative electrode active material for a battery cell well-known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc.

[0082] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a separator, and the separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0083] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator membrane. The present application has no particular limitation on the type of the separator membrane, and any well-known porous structure separator membrane with good chemical stability and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0084] As an example, the main material of the separator membrane can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramics.

[0085] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and functions to transport ions and isolate the positive and negative electrodes simultaneously.

[0086] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an electrolyte, which functions to conduct ions between the positive and negative electrodes. There is no specific limitation on the type of the electrolyte in this application, and it can be selected according to requirements. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel-like or solid.

[0087] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs, and the tabs can lead the current out of the electrode assembly. The tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0088] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a housing. The housing is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The housing can be a steel shell, an aluminum shell, a plastic shell (such as polypropylene), a composite metal shell (such as a copper-aluminum composite shell), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc. The housing includes a case and a cover plate.

[0089] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell includes a square-shell battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, a multi-prismatic battery, and the multi-prismatic battery is, for example, a hexagonal prism battery, etc. There is no special limitation in this application.

[0090] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cells to provide a single physical module with a higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel or in a hybrid connection through a busbar component.

[0091] In some embodiments, the battery can be a battery module. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0092] In some embodiments, the battery can be a battery pack. The battery pack includes a box body and battery cells, and the battery cells or battery modules are accommodated in the box body.

[0093] In some embodiments, the box body can be a part of the chassis structure of a vehicle. For example, a part of the box body can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or a part of the box body can become at least a part of the crossbeam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0094] In some embodiments, the battery can be located in an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0095] The development of battery technology needs to consider various design factors simultaneously. For example, performance parameters such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate, etc. In addition, the impact of the housing on battery performance also needs to be considered. For example, the space utilization rate of the housing, the tensile strength of the housing, and the manufacturability of the housing.

[0096] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a housing. By setting the inner diameter R1 of the first fillet between the depth H of the housing and the second wall to satisfy 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm and 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm, it is possible to reduce the risk of cracking caused by stress during the integral molding process of the housing as much as possible without affecting the energy density of the battery cell, thereby reducing the molding difficulty of the housing.

[0097] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various electrical equipment using batteries.

[0098] The electrical equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptop computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or an extended-range electric vehicle, etc.; The spacecraft includes airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships, etc.; Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric vehicle toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.; Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact electric drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not make special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.

[0099] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments take the electrical equipment as a vehicle as an example for description.

[0100] For example, as Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or an extended-range electric vehicle, etc. A motor 80, a controller 60, and a battery 10 can be arranged inside the vehicle 1. The controller 60 is used to control the power supply of the battery 10 to the motor 80. For example, the battery 10 can be arranged at the bottom, the front end, or the rear end of the vehicle 1. The battery 10 can be used for the power supply of the vehicle 1. For example, the battery 10 can be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle 1 and used for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, such as for the working power consumption requirements during the start, navigation, and operation of the vehicle 1. In another embodiment of the present application, the battery 10 can not only be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle 1 but also be used as the driving power supply of the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0101] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 20. The battery 10 may further include a box body 11, the interior of the box body 11 is a hollow structure, and the plurality of battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box body 11. Figure 2 A possible implementation manner of the box body 11 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, such as Figure 2 shown, the box body 11 may include two parts, which are respectively referred to as a first part 111 and a second part 112 here, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are snapped together. The shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be determined according to the shape of the combined plurality of battery cells 20, and at least one of the first part 111 and the second part 112 has an opening. For example, as Figure 2 shown, both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be hollow cuboids and each has only one face as an opening face. The opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are oppositely arranged, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are snapped together to form a box body 11 with a closed chamber. The closed chamber can be used to accommodate a plurality of battery cells 20. The plurality of battery cells 20 are placed in parallel or in series or in a mixed connection combination in the box body 11 formed after the first part 111 and the second part 112 are snapped together.

[0102] Again, for example, different from Figure 2 shown, only one of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be a hollow cuboid with an opening, and the other may be a plate-shaped one to cover the opening. For example, taking the second part 112 as a hollow cuboid with only one face as an opening face and the first part 111 as a plate-shaped one as an example, then the first part 111 covers the opening of the second part 112 to form a box body 11 with a closed chamber. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0103] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. For example, Figure 3 the battery cell 20 shown may be Figure 2 any one of the battery cells 20 in the battery 10 shown; Figure 4 The partial exploded structural schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. For example, Figure 4 the battery cell 20 described may be Figure 3 the battery cell 20 shown, or may also be Figure 2 any one of the battery cells 20 in the battery 10 shown.

[0104] Such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application may include: a housing 21 and an electrode assembly 22. The housing 21 has a closed accommodation space, and the electrode assembly 22 is placed in the accommodation space within the housing 21. The housing 21 may include a housing body 30 and a cover plate 40. The housing body 30 is a hollow structure with at least one opening; the cover plate 40 is used to cooperate with the housing body 30 to form a housing 21 with a closed accommodation space.

[0105] In some embodiments, the cover plate 40 may be a plate-like structure for covering the opening of the housing body 30. In other embodiments, the structure of the cover plate 40 is similar to that of the housing body 30, that is, both the housing body 30 and the cover plate 40 are hollow structures with one opening, and the two openings are butted to form a housing 21 with a closed accommodation space.

[0106] It should be understood that if the cover plate 40 is a plate-like structure, the housing body 30 may be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end or multiple ends. For example, if the housing body 30 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, one cover plate 40 may be provided; if the housing body 30 is a hollow structure with openings formed at opposite ends, two cover plates 40 may be provided, and the two cover plates 40 are respectively used to cover the openings at both ends of the housing body 30.

[0107] The housing 21 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, or other polyhedrons. Exemplarily, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the housing 21 is mainly described by taking the cuboid structure as an example.

[0108] It should be understood that the cover plate 40 of the embodiment of the present application is used to cooperate with the housing body 30 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the cover plate 40 may be adapted to the shape of the housing body 30. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the housing body 30 is a cuboid structure, and the cover plate 40 is a rectangular plate-like structure adapted to the housing body 30.

[0109] It should be understood that the battery cell 20 further includes electrode terminals 214. The electrode terminals 214 of the embodiment of the present application are used to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 22 inside the battery cell 20 to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20. As Figures 3 to 4As shown, the battery cell 20 may include at least two electrode terminals 214. The at least two electrode terminals 214 may include at least one first electrode terminal 214a and at least one second electrode terminal 214b. The positive electrode terminal 214a is used to electrically connect to the positive electrode tab 222a of the electrode assembly 22, and the negative electrode terminal 214b is used to electrically connect to the negative electrode tab 222b of the electrode assembly 22. The positive electrode terminal 214a and the positive electrode tab 222a may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and the negative electrode terminal 214b and the negative electrode tab 222b may be directly connected or indirectly connected. For example, one electrode terminal 214a may be electrically connected to one tab through one connecting member 23.

[0110] In the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 is the component in the battery cell 20 where the electrochemical reaction occurs. According to actual usage requirements, the electrode assembly 22 in the housing 30 may be provided as one or multiple. For example, as Figure 4 shown, there are 2 electrode assemblies 22 provided in the battery cell 20. The electrode assembly 22 may be a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cylinder structure, the housing 30 may also be a cylinder structure. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cuboid structure, the housing 30 may also be a cuboid structure.

[0111] It should be understood that, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the electrode assembly 22 includes tabs 222 and an electrode main body 221. Among them, the tabs 222 of the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode tab 222a and a negative electrode tab 222b. The positive electrode tab 222a may be formed by laminating the part of the positive electrode plate where the positive electrode active material layer is not coated, and the negative electrode tab 222b may be formed by laminating the part of the negative electrode plate where the negative electrode active material layer is not coated; the electrode main body 221 may be formed by laminating or winding the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate with each other.

[0112] Figure 5 Fig. shows a structural diagram of the housing 30 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 Fig. shows Figure 5 a top view of the housing 30 shown in Fig. Figure 7 Fig. shows Figure 6 an enlarged schematic view of part A in Fig. It should be noted that the housing 30 is applied to the battery cell. For example, the housing 30 may be applied to the battery cell 20 shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 Fig. And the housing 30 may be the housing 30 shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 Fig. For example, as Figure 5As shown, the housing 30 has an opening 301 and the housing 30 is an integrally formed structure. The housing 30 includes a first wall 31 disposed opposite to the opening 301 and at least two second walls 32. The first wall 31 and the second walls 32 intersect.

[0113] The housing 30 being an integrally formed structure means that a plate-like structure is stamped into a hollow structure with an opening using a mold. After stamping, the housing 30 can have openings of various shapes. For example, the opening 301 can be circular, polygonal, or oval-shaped. The polygon can be, for example, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, or other irregular shapes.

[0114] The first wall 31 of the housing 30 can be understood as the wall disposed opposite to the opening 301, and the walls connected to the first wall 31 are the second walls 32. At least two second walls 32 and the first wall 31 enclose a cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly. In some embodiments, the first wall 31 and the second walls 32 can be perpendicularly disposed.

[0115] In some embodiments, at least two second walls 32 can be connected end to end to enclose a hollow structure with two open ends. Among them, the first wall 31 covers the opening at one end of the hollow structure.

[0116] In some embodiments, the placement manner of the housing 30 can be as Figure 4 shown. Then, the first wall 31 can be the bottom wall of the housing 30 for supporting the electrode assembly 22, and the second walls 32 are the side walls of the housing 30 disposed around the electrode assembly 22.

[0117] As Figure 5 shown, the depth of the housing 30 is H, and H satisfies: 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm. As Figure 5 and 6 shown, at least two second walls 32 are connected by a first rounded corner 331. And as shown in the partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 6 , the inner diameter of the first rounded corner 331 is R1, and R1 satisfies:

[0118] 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm.

[0119] In some embodiments, R1 = 2.5 mm, 5 mm, 7.5 mm, 10 mm, 12.5 mm, 15 mm, 17.5 mm, 20 mm. In some other embodiments, H = 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm.

[0120] In some embodiments, the depth can be understood as the distance from the opening inward to the bottom. For example, the depth H of the housing 30 can be understood as the distance from the opening 301 to the first wall 31.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first rounded corner 331 has an inner surface and an outer surface, and both the inner surface and the outer surface are arc surfaces. The inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner 331 can be understood as the radius of the circle where the inner arc is located.

[0122] In some embodiments, two adjacent second walls 32 among at least two second walls 32 can be connected by the first rounded corner 331. In other embodiments, two relatively arranged second walls 32 among at least two second walls 32 can be connected by the first rounded corner 331. For example, the housing 30 includes two groups of second walls 32, and the second walls in these two groups of second walls 32 are sequentially cross-connected. One group of second walls 32 is relatively arranged and flat, and the other group of second walls 32 is relatively arranged and arc-shaped.

[0123] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the material flow during the integral molding process of the housing 30 is shown. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the force on the housing 30 during the integral molding process is shown. From Figure 8 and Figure 9 it can be seen that when the housing 30 is molded, the material of the housing 30 is likely to accumulate at the position of the first rounded corner 331, resulting in a large frictional force between the housing 30 and the mold, and the housing 30 is prone to cracking. In this embodiment, the depth H of the housing 30 and the inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner 331 can be set to satisfy: 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm, 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm, so that H cannot be too large or R cannot be too small, reducing the risk of cracking of the housing 30. In addition, H cannot be too small or R cannot be too large, reducing the impact on the energy density of the battery cell.

[0124] In some embodiments, H and R1 satisfy: 75 mm ≤ H ≤ 180 mm, 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm.

[0125] For example, H = 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, 175 mm, 180 mm. For example: R1 = 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm.

[0126] In this embodiment, by setting H and R1 to satisfy: 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm, 75 mm ≤ H ≤ 180 mm, on the one hand, the energy density of the battery cell 20 will not be reduced due to too small H or too large R, and on the other hand, the housing 30 will not be prone to material accumulation during the molding process due to too large H or too small R, thereby avoiding the situation where the housing 30 is subjected to excessive force and cracking.

[0127] In some other embodiments, H and R1 satisfy: 5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 10 mm, 90 mm ≤ H ≤ 140 mm. For example, R1 = 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm. Again for example, H = 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 140 mm.

[0128] In some embodiments, the yield strength of the housing 30 at a temperature of 25 °C is Re, and Re and R1 satisfy: 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 Mpa, 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm. For example, Re = 140 MPa, 180 MPa, 200 MPa, 230 MPa, 250 MPa, 280 MPa, 300 MPa, 320 MPa, 350 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 430 MPa, 450 MPa, 480 MPa, 500 MPa, 550 MPa, 600 MPa, 650 MPa, 700 MPa, 750 MPa, 800 MPa, 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 Mpa.

[0129] The yield strength can be understood as the critical stress value at which the material yields. Generally, after the material is subjected to stress, as the stress increases, in addition to elastic deformation, plastic deformation may also occur. The point at which the material undergoes plastic deformation can be called the yield point, and the strength corresponding to the yield point is called the yield strength. The test method for the yield strength Re of the housing 30 in the embodiments of the present application at a temperature of 25 °C can be selected according to actual applications. For example, GB / T228.1 - 2010 can be used to test the yield strength Re under normal temperature conditions of 25 °C.

[0130] In this embodiment, by using a material with a yield strength Re satisfying 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 Mpa to make the housing 30, the wall thickness of the housing 30 can be thinned without reducing the strength of the housing 30, thereby increasing the capacity space of the battery cell; in addition, by setting the inner diameter R1 of the first fillet 331 between the second walls 32 to satisfy 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm, the problem of cracking of the housing caused by stress during the integral molding process of high-strength materials can be solved as much as possible, and the molding difficulty of the housing 30 can be reduced.

[0131] In some embodiments, the yield strength Re of the housing 30 and R1 can satisfy: 150 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 400 Mpa, 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm.

[0132] For example, Re = 150 MPa, 170 MPa, 190 MPa, 210 MPa, 230 MPa, 260 MPa, 290 MPa, 310 MPa, 330 MPa, 370 MPa, 390 MPa, 400 Mpa.

[0133] For example, R1 = 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm.

[0134] In this embodiment, by defining 150 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 400 Mpa and 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm, it helps to achieve a balance between the forming difficulty and the degree of deformation of the housing 30.

[0135] In some embodiments, the yield strength Re and R1 of the housing 30 may satisfy: 160 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 300 Mpa and 5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 10 mm.

[0136] For example, Re = 160 MPa, 170 MPa, 180 MPa, 190 MPa, 200 MPa, 210 MPa, 220 MPa, 230 MPa, 240 MPa, 250 MPa, 260 MPa, 270 MPa, 280 MPa, 290 MPa, 300 Mpa.

[0137] For example, R1 = 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm.

[0138] In this embodiment, by defining 160 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 300 Mpa and 5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 10 mm, it is possible to minimize the stress deformation of the housing 30 during use without affecting the forming difficulty of the housing 30.

[0139] In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the housing 30 at a temperature of 25 °C is Rm, and Rm and R1 satisfy: 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 1000 MPa and 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm.

[0140] The tensile strength can be understood as the maximum stress value that the material can withstand before being broken. The test method for the tensile strength Rm of the housing 30 in the embodiment of the present application at a temperature of 25 °C can be selected according to the actual application. For example, the tensile strength Rm can be tested under the normal temperature condition of 25 °C by using ISO 6892-2:2018.

[0141] For example, Rm = 250 MPa, 300 MPa, 350 MPa, 400 MPa, 450 MPa, 500 MPa, 550 MPa, 600 MPa, 650 MPa, 700 MPa, 750 MPa, 800 MPa, 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 MPa.

[0142] In some embodiments, Rm and R1 satisfy: 280 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 800 MPa, 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm.

[0143] In other embodiments, Rm and R1 satisfy: 380 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 600 MPa, 5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 10 mm.

[0144] Optionally, as Figure 6 shown in the partial enlarged view of part A in

[0145] From Figure 6 it can be seen that the first fillet 331 has two surfaces, namely the inner surface and the outer surface. The inner surface and the outer surface can be arc surfaces, and the inner surface and the outer surface are coaxially arranged. The maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet 331 can be defined as the length of the extension line of the connection line between the centers of the inner arc circle and the outer arc circle in any cross-section along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the inner surface and the outer surface in the first fillet 331.

[0146] If at least two second walls 32 of the housing 30 have unequal wall thicknesses, for example, the wall thicknesses of the two second walls 32 adjacent to a first fillet 331 are not equal, then in the embodiments of the present application, T0 is the second wall 32 with the largest wall thickness among the two second walls 32 adjacent to the first fillet 331 in the housing 30. And if at least two second walls 32 of the housing 30 have equal wall thicknesses, for example, the wall thicknesses of the two second walls 32 adjacent to a first fillet 331 are equal, then in the embodiments of the present application, T0 is the wall thickness of any second wall 32 of the housing 30.

[0147] It should be noted that if a certain second wall 32 includes a functional area, the maximum thickness of the second wall 32 actually refers to the maximum thickness of the area of the second wall 32 other than the functional area, and the functional area includes at least one of the following areas: pressure relief area, electrode terminal area, liquid injection area, and welding area.

[0148] In this embodiment, by providing a first fillet 331 between two adjacent second walls 32, stress concentration between the two adjacent second walls 32 can be reduced, and the risk of structural failure caused by stress concentration can be lowered. Additionally, by setting the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet 331 to be greater than the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall with the largest thickness among the two adjacent second walls, the thickened first fillet 331 can enhance the structural strength of the housing 30, which is beneficial for solving the problem of deformation of the housing 30 during the production and assembly process of the battery cell 20, and the problem of deformation of the housing 30 caused by gas production and expansion during the use of the battery cell 20.

[0149] In some embodiments, the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet 331 and the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall 32 with the largest thickness among the two adjacent second walls 32 satisfy: 1.5 ≤ T1 / T0 ≤ 7.

[0150] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet 331 to the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall 32 with the largest thickness among the two adjacent second walls 32 within the range of [1.5, 7], on the one hand, the strength of the housing can be enhanced by the relatively thick first fillet 331, and on the other hand, the difficulty of manufacturing the housing 30 due to excessive thickening of the first fillet 331 can be restricted, so that a balance can be achieved between the strength of the housing 30 and the manufacturing difficulty of the housing 30.

[0151] In practical applications, the ratio of T1 to T0 can be adjusted. For example, the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet 331 and the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall 32 with the largest thickness among the two adjacent second walls 32 can satisfy: 2 ≤ T1 / T0 ≤ 4.

[0152] For example, T1 / T0 can be equal to 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, etc.

[0153] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet 331 to the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall 32 with the largest thickness among the two adjacent second walls 32 within the range of [2, 4], the maximum balance can be achieved between the strength of the housing 30 and the manufacturing difficulty of the housing 30.

[0154] As Figure 7 shown, the inner diameter of the first fillet 331 is R1, and the outer diameter of the first fillet 331 is R2.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first rounded corner 331 has an inner surface and an outer surface, and both the inner surface and the outer surface are arc surfaces. The inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner 331 can be understood as the radius of the circle where the inner arc of the first rounded corner 331 is located, and the outer diameter R2 of the first rounded corner 331 can be understood as the radius of the circle where the outer arc of the first rounded corner 331 is located.

[0156] In some embodiments, the inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner 331 satisfies: 2 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 4 mm. For example, R1 = 2 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.9 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, etc.

[0157] In this embodiment, by setting the inner diameter of the first rounded corner 331 between two adjacent second walls 32 within [2 mm, 4 mm], on the one hand, it will not occupy too much internal space of the housing 30 due to too large an inner diameter, resulting in an increase in the gas production pressure inside the housing 30; on the other hand, it will not lead to insufficient wall thickness increment of the first rounded corner 331 due to too small an inner diameter, and then lead to insufficient strength of the housing 30, so that a balance can be achieved between the internal space utilization rate of the housing 30 and the strength of the housing 30.

[0158] In some embodiments, the outer diameter R2 of the first rounded corner 331 satisfies: 1.5 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 3.5 mm. For example, R2 = 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, etc.

[0159] In this embodiment, when the cover plate 40 is fixedly connected to the housing 30 by side welding, the larger the outer diameter R2 of the first rounded corner 331 between two adjacent second walls 32, the more difficult it is to control the welding quality and it is easy to have false welding; while the smaller the outer diameter R2 of the first rounded corner 331, the more difficult it is for the housing 30 to be formed. Therefore, by controlling the outer diameter R2 of the first rounded corner 331 within the range of [1.5 mm, 3.5 mm], a balance can be achieved between the welding quality and the forming difficulty of the housing.

[0160] In another embodiment, the two second walls 32 connected by the first rounded corner 331 are two opposite second walls 32. In this case, it is more beneficial to reduce the risk of cracking of the housing caused by the force during the integral forming process of high-strength materials by increasing the inner diameter R1 of the first rounded corner.

[0161] Figure 10 Another schematic cross-sectional view of the housing 30 according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. As Figure 10As shown in the enlarged partial view of part B, the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 are connected by a second fillet 34, as Figure 10 As shown in the enlarged schematic view of part B, the inner diameter of the second fillet 34 is r1, and the minimum thickness of the second wall 32 with the smallest thickness among at least two second walls 32 is T2. Among them, the inner diameter r1 of the second fillet 34 and the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 with the smallest thickness among at least two second walls 32 satisfy: 2.0 ≤ r1 / T2 ≤ 30.

[0162] It should be understood that the first wall 31 is connected to at least two second walls 32. Optionally, any second wall 32 and the first wall 31 are connected by a second fillet 34 as Figure 10 shown. In addition, the second fillet 34 here is similar to the first fillet 331 in Figure 6 , that is, the second fillet 34 has an inner surface and an outer surface, and both the inner surface and the outer surface are arc surfaces. The inner diameter r1 of the second fillet 34 can be understood as the radius of the circle where the inner arc is located.

[0163] It should be noted that if each second wall 32 is a wall with uniform thickness, the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 can refer to the thickness of the second wall 32 with the thinnest thickness among at least two second walls 32. If the thickness of each second wall 32 is non-uniform, the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 can refer to the thickness of the thinnest area among all second walls 32.

[0164] It should also be noted that if a certain second wall 32 includes a functional area, the minimum thickness of the second wall 32 actually refers to the minimum thickness of the area of the second wall 32 other than the functional area, and the functional area includes at least one of the following areas: pressure relief area, area where the electrode terminal is located, liquid injection area, and welding area.

[0165] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the inner diameter r1 of the second fillet 34 between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 to the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 with the smallest thickness within [2.0, 30], it helps to balance the processing difficulty of the housing 30, the space capacity of the battery cell 20, and the strength.

[0166] In some embodiments, the inner diameter r1 of the second fillet 34 and the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 with the smallest thickness among at least two second walls 32 satisfy: 2.5 ≤ r1 / T2 ≤ 10. For example, r1 / T2 = 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, 10, etc.

[0167] Optionally, the inner diameter r1 of the second rounded corner 34 may satisfy: 0.8 mm ≤ r1 ≤ 1.5 mm. For example, r1 = 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm.

[0168] In this embodiment, by setting the inner diameter r1 of the second rounded corner 34 within [0.8 mm, 1.5 mm], on the one hand, the manufacturing difficulty of the housing 30 will not increase due to too small r1, and on the other hand, the interference between the electrode assembly 22 and the second rounded corner 34 will not decrease due to too large r1, that is, there is no need to reduce the height of the electrode assembly 22 and sacrifice the capacity of the electrode assembly 22 to meet the assembly of the housing 30 and the electrode assembly 22. In addition, if r1 is too large, the housing 30 is also prone to deformation.

[0169] Figure 11 shows Figure 10 Another partial enlarged schematic view of part B in. As Figure 11 shown, the outer diameter of the second rounded corner 34 is r2, where r2 satisfies: 1 mm ≤ r2 ≤ 2.5 mm. For example, r2 = 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm.

[0170] Similar to the definition of the inner diameter r1 of the second rounded corner 34, the outer diameter r2 of the second rounded corner 34 can be understood as the radius of the circle where the outer arc of the second rounded corner 34 is located.

[0171] In this embodiment, by setting the outer diameter r2 of the second rounded corner 34 within [1.0 mm, 2.5 mm], on the one hand, the insulating film outside the battery cell 20 will not be punctured by sharp points due to too small r2, resulting in insulation failure; on the other hand, the thickness of the second rounded corner 34 will not be too thin due to too large r2, affecting the strength of the housing 30.

[0172] In some embodiments, H and T2 satisfy: 300 ≤ H / T2 ≤ 800. For example, H / T2 = 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, etc.

[0173] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio between the depth H of the housing 30 and the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 with the minimum thickness within [300, 800], the volume utilization rate and strength of the battery cell 20 can be taken into account.

[0174] As Figure 11As shown, the maximum thickness of the second rounded corner 34 is T3, where the ratio of T3 to T2 satisfies: 0.8 ≤ T3 / T2 ≤ 2. For example, T3 / T2 = 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0.

[0175] The thickness of the second rounded corner 34 can be uniform or non-uniform. Hereinafter, the maximum thickness T3 of the second rounded corner 34 will be defined by taking the thickness of the second rounded corner 34 as uniform as an example. In some embodiments, the maximum thickness T3 of the second rounded corner 34 can be defined as the length of the extension line of the connection line between the centers of the inner arc circle and the outer arc circle in any cross-section along the axis perpendicular to the inner surface and the outer surface in the second rounded corner 34.

[0176] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio between the maximum thickness T3 of the second rounded corner 34 and the minimum thickness T2 of the second wall 32 with the smallest thickness in the range of [0.8, 2], the strength and manufacturability of the housing 30 can be balanced. That is, it will not cause insufficient strength of the housing 30 due to excessive thinning of the second rounded corner 34, nor will it cause the housing 30 to be difficult to manufacture due to too little thinning of the second rounded corner 34.

[0177] In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the housing 30 is uniform, that is, all walls of the housing 30 have the same wall thickness.

[0178] In this embodiment, by setting the wall thickness of the housing 30 to be uniform, on the one hand, the processing difficulty of the housing 30 can be reduced, and on the other hand, each wall of the housing 30 can be set to the minimum processing wall thickness, which helps to fully improve the space utilization rate of the housing 30.

[0179] Such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery cell 20, including an electrode assembly 22 and a housing 211, and the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the housing 211.

[0180] It should be noted that the housing 211 can be the housing 30 in the above various embodiments.

[0181] In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes: a cover plate 212 for covering the opening of the housing 211 to enclose the electrode assembly 22 in the cavity of the housing 211.

[0182] In some embodiments, the shape of the battery cell 20 is generally a cuboid. For example, the battery cell 20 is a cuboid battery cell. For another example, the battery cell 20 is a runway-shaped battery cell, and the thickness of the battery cell 20 is D1, where H, R1, and D1 satisfy: 0.15 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 36 mm.

[0183] For example, R1*D1 / H = 0.15, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, 35, 36.

[0184] In some embodiments, D2 may be the dimension of the battery cell 20 in the expansion direction of the electrode assembly 22.

[0185] In this embodiment, by setting 0.15 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 36 mm, it is possible to reduce the risk of material accumulation during the forming process of the housing 211 caused by too small a value of R1*D1 / H, thereby reducing the risk of cracking of the housing 211 due to excessive stress, and it is also possible to reduce the impact on the energy density of the battery cell 20 caused by too large a value of R1*D1 / H.

[0186] In this embodiment, D1 satisfies: 15 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 90 mm. For example, D1 = 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm, 70 mm, 75 mm, 80 mm, 85 mm, 90 mm.

[0187] In this embodiment, H and R1 satisfy: 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm, 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm.

[0188] In some embodiments, H, R1 and D1 satisfy: 0.34 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 18 mm.

[0189] In this embodiment, by setting 0.34 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 18 mm, it is possible to achieve a balance between the forming difficulty of the housing 211 and the energy density.

[0190] For example, R1*D1 / H = 0.34, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 16, 18.

[0191] Similarly, in this embodiment, D1 satisfies: 15 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 90 mm.

[0192] In this embodiment, H and R1 satisfy: 75 mm ≤ H ≤ 180 mm, 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm.

[0193] In some embodiments, H, R1 and D1 satisfy: 0.9 mm ≤ R*D / H ≤ 6.6 mm.

[0194] For example, R1*D1 / H = 0.9, 1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 2.0, 2.3, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.3, 3.5, 3.8, 4.0, 4.3, 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 5.1, 5.4, 5.7, 6.0, 6.2, 6.5, 6.6.

[0195] In this embodiment, D1 satisfies: 25 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 60 mm. For example, D1 = 25 mm, 28 mm, 31 mm, 34 mm, 37 mm, 39 mm, 41 mm, 43 mm, 46 mm, 49 mm, 51 mm, 54 mm, 58 mm, 50 mm.

[0196] And in this embodiment, H and R1 satisfy: 90 mm ≤ H ≤ 140 mm, 3 mm ≤ R ≤ 10 mm.

[0197] It should be noted that the value ranges of R1, H, D1, and R1*D1 / H can be interrelated. For example, when 15 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 90 mm, 50 mm ≤ H ≤ 250 mm, and 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm, 0.15 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 36 mm. Another example, when 15 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 90 mm, 75 mm ≤ H ≤ 180 mm, and 4 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 15 mm,

[0198] 0.34 mm ≤ R*D / H ≤ 18 mm. Another example, when 25 mm ≤ D1 ≤ 60 mm, 90 mm ≤ H ≤ 140 mm, and 3 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 10 mm, 0.9 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 6.6 mm.

[0199] In some embodiments, the thickness of the electrode assembly 22 is D2, and R1 and D2 satisfy: 0.125 ≤ R1 / D2 ≤ 0.45.

[0200] For example, R1 / D2 = 0.125, 0.15, 0.175, 0.2, 0.225, 0.25, 0.275, 0.3, 0.325, 0.35, 0.375, 0.4, 0.425, 0.45.

[0201] Optionally, D2 can be the dimension of the electrode assembly 22 in the expansion direction.

[0202] In this embodiment, by setting 0.125 ≤ R1 / D2 ≤ 0.45, on the one hand, it will not interfere with the electrode assembly 22 or cause insufficient internal residual space in the battery cell 20 due to too large R1, thereby affecting the performance of the battery cell 20; on the other hand, it will not cause difficulty in forming the housing 211 due to too small R1.

[0203] In an embodiment of the present application, the electrode assembly 22 includes a negative electrode tab 224, the negative electrode tab 224 includes a negative electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating and intercalating metal ions, and the negative electrode active material includes a silicon-based material; a housing 211 is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22, and the tensile strength of at least a part of the housing 211 at a temperature of 25°C is Rm, and Rm satisfies: 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa.

[0204] It should be understood that as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the electrode assembly 22 of the embodiment of the present application may include a tab 222 and an electrode main body portion 221. Among them, the tab 222 of the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode tab 222a and a negative electrode tab 222b. The positive electrode tab 222a may be formed by laminating a part of the positive electrode tab 223 where the positive electrode active material is not coated, and the negative electrode tab 222b may be formed by laminating a part of the negative electrode tab 224 where the negative electrode active material is not coated; the electrode main body portion 221 may be formed by laminating or winding the positive electrode tab 223 and the negative electrode tab 224 with each other.

[0205] The negative electrode active material included in the negative electrode tab 224 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the negative electrode active material may include a silicon-based material. When a silicon-based material is added to the negative electrode tab 224, the silicon-based material can accommodate more metal ions, which can effectively increase the energy density of the battery cell 20; in addition, it will also increase the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20 during use. Especially during the charging process of the battery cell 20, when metal ions are intercalated into the silicon-based material of the negative electrode tab 224, the electrode assembly 22 will expand in volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20.

[0206] Therefore, increasing the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 at room temperature of 25°C can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211, so that this part of the housing 211 is not easily damaged during the use of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. However, the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing. For example, generally, the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions can be set to satisfy 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa.

[0207] It should be understood that the value range of the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application under normal temperature conditions of 25 °C can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the value of the normal temperature tensile strength Rm can satisfy 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa. For another example, the value of the normal temperature tensile strength Rm can also satisfy 400 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 1200 MPa. On the one hand, increasing the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, making this part of the housing 211 not easily damaged, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. On the other hand, controlling the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions not to be too large can reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0208] Furthermore, it can also be set that the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions satisfies 450 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 800 MPa. The tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, but also facilitate implementation and save costs.

[0209] In some embodiments, the value of the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application under normal temperature conditions can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the normal temperature tensile strength Rm can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 250 MPa, 280 MPa, 300 MPa, 330 MPa, 350 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 450 MPa, 500 MPa, 550 MPa, 600 MPa, 650 MPa, 700 MPa, 750 MPa, 800 MPa, 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 MPa, 1050 MPa, 1100 MPa, 1150 MPa, 1200 MPa, 1250 MPa, 1300 MPa, 1350 MPa, 1400 MPa, 1450 MPa, 1500 MPa, 1550 MPa, 1600 MPa, 1650 MPa, 1700 MPa, 1750 MPa, 1800 MPa, 1850 MPa, 1900 MPa, 1950 MPa, and 2000 MPa.

[0210] It should be understood that the tensile strength in the embodiments of the present application refers to the maximum stress value that the material can withstand before being broken. The test method of the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application at a temperature of 25°C can be selected according to actual applications. For example, the national standard GB / T 228.1-2010 can be adopted to test the tensile strength Rm under the normal temperature condition of 25°C.

[0211] Figure 14 Fig. shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the electrode assembly 22 in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the Figure 14 shown cross-sectional schematic diagram can be Figure 12 the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the electrode assembly 22 shown, and this cross-section is perpendicular to the height direction Z of the battery cell 20. Figure 15 Fig. shows a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positive electrode plate 223 or the negative electrode plate 224 in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the Figure 15 can represent the Figure 14 partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the negative electrode plate 224 of the electrode assembly 22 shown along its thickness direction, or can also represent the Figure 14 partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positive electrode plate 223 of the electrode assembly 22 shown along its thickness direction.

[0212] As Figures 12 to 15 shown, the electrode assembly 22 in the embodiments of the present application includes a positive electrode plate 223 and a negative electrode plate 224. The electrode assembly 22 can be formed by laminating or winding the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 with each other. For example, the electrode assembly 22 can include a plurality of positive electrode plates 223 and a plurality of negative electrode plates 224; along the thickness direction Y of the electrode assembly 22, the plurality of positive electrode plates 223 and the plurality of negative electrode plates 224 are alternately laminated with each other to form a laminated electrode assembly 22. For another example, the electrode assembly 22 can include a plurality of positive electrode plates 223, and the negative electrode plate 224 includes a plurality of bent segments and a plurality of laminated segments that are connected and alternately arranged. After the bent segments are bent, the plurality of positive electrode plates 223 and the plurality of laminated segments of the negative electrode plate 224 are alternately laminated with each other to form a laminated electrode assembly 22. For another example, the electrode assembly can also be formed by winding the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 with each other to form a wound electrode assembly 22. For the convenience of description, the wound electrode assembly 22 is taken as an example in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. Further, the electrode assembly 22 can also include a separator 225 for isolating the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224.

[0213] In the embodiments of the present application, the negative electrode plate 224 includes a negative electrode active material. For example, the negative electrode active material coated on the negative electrode plate 224 can be used to form a negative electrode active material layer 2241, and the negative electrode active material layer 2241 can be disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector 2242. For example, the negative electrode active material layers 2241 can be disposed on both sides of the negative electrode current collector 2242 perpendicular to its thickness direction.

[0214] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector 2242 can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. As an example of the metal foil, copper foil, copper alloy foil, aluminum foil, or aluminum alloy foil can be used. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal material layer formed on at least one surface of the polymer material base layer. As an example, the metal material can include one or more of copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy. As an example, the polymer material base layer can include one or more of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE).

[0215] It should be understood that the negative electrode active material in the embodiments of the present application can be flexibly set according to actual applications. Specifically, the negative electrode active material in the embodiments of the present application can include a silicon-based material, thereby improving the energy density of the battery. For example, the silicon-based material can include at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compound, silicon-carbon composite, silicon-nitrogen composite, silicon-containing alloy, or silicon-oxycarbon composite.

[0216] In some embodiments, the silicon-based material can include silicon element and one or more of alkali metal elements and alkaline earth metal elements. Among them, as an example, the alkali metal element can include Li. As an example, the alkaline earth metal element includes Mg. As an example, the silicon-based material can be a silicon-based material pre-embedded with alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal, for example, a silicon-based material pre-embedded with Li and / or Mg.

[0217] It should be understood that the mass percentage g of the silicon-based material in the embodiments of the present application can be flexibly set according to actual applications.

[0218] For example, the value range of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can be set to satisfy 2% ≤ g ≤ 40%. Adding the silicon-based material to the negative active material of the negative electrode sheet 224 can effectively improve the energy density of the battery cell 20 because the silicon-based material can accommodate more metal ions than other elements. For example, the capacity of the silicon-based material is about ten times that of graphite. However, the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material should not be set too large, otherwise it will increase the processing difficulty of the electrode assembly 22. In addition, it will also increase the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20 during use. Especially during the charging process of the battery cell 20, when metal ions are embedded in the silicon-based material of the negative electrode sheet 224, the electrode assembly 22 will expand in volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20, and further increasing the processing difficulty of the battery cell 20.

[0219] Furthermore, the value range of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can be set to satisfy 8% ≤ g ≤ 40%. Appropriately reducing the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can reduce the processing difficulty of the electrode assembly 22, and can also reduce the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 during the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 20, that is, reduce the volume expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, thereby reducing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 and reducing the requirement for the structural strength of the housing 211, facilitating processing and reducing costs.

[0220] Furthermore, the value range of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can be set to satisfy 10% ≤ g ≤ 30%. Reasonably adjusting the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can not only effectively increase the energy density of the battery cell 20, but also reduce the processing difficulty of the electrode assembly 22, and can also effectively reduce the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 during the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 20, thereby reducing the requirement for the structural strength of the housing 211.

[0221] In some embodiments, the value of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material in the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 38%, 40%, 43%, 45%, 48%, and 50%.

[0222] It should be understood that the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material in the negative active material of the embodiments of the present application means that the ratio of the mass of the silicon-based material in the negative active material to the total mass of the negative active material is g. The test method of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material can be selected according to actual applications and can be tested by methods known in the art.

[0223] In the embodiments of the present application, the negative electrode active material may further include other materials. For example, the negative electrode active material may further include a negative electrode binder. For example, the negative electrode binder may include one or more of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), water-soluble unsaturated resin SR-1B, water-based acrylic resin (e.g., polyacrylic acid PAA, polymethacrylic acid PMAA, sodium polyacrylate PAAS), polyacrylamide (PAM), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0224] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active material may further include a negative electrode conductive agent. The present application has no particular limitation on the type of the negative electrode conductive agent. As an example, the negative electrode conductive agent may include one or more of superconducting carbon, conductive graphite, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0225] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active material may further include other additives. As an example, the other additives may include thickeners, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), PTC thermistor materials, etc.

[0226] The negative electrode sheet 224 does not exclude other additional functional layers other than the negative electrode active material layer 2241. For example, in some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet 224 may further include a conductive bottom coating (e.g., composed of a conductive agent and a binder) sandwiched between the negative electrode current collector 2242 and the negative electrode active material layer 2241 and disposed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 2242; in some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet 224 may further include a protective layer covering the surface of the negative electrode active material layer 2241.

[0227] In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet 224 may be prepared by the following method: dispersing the negative electrode active material, optional negative electrode binder, optional negative electrode conductive agent, and optional other additives in a solvent and stirring evenly to form a negative electrode slurry; coating the negative electrode slurry on the negative electrode current collector 2242, and after processes such as drying and cold pressing, the negative electrode sheet 224 is formed. The solvent may be N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or deionized water, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0228] In the embodiments of the present application, the value of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material and the value of the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 at a temperature of 25°C can be restricted from each other to balance the relationship between the energy density and the structural strength of the battery cell 20. For example, in the negative electrode active material, the mass ratio of the silicon-based material is g, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 includes iron element, and Rm and g satisfy 2% < g < 40%, 300 MPa < Rm < 2000 MPa. The material of at least a part of the housing 211 including iron element can increase the structural strength of the material of this part of the housing 211 to meet the design requirements.

[0229] In some embodiments, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 includes carbon steel or stainless steel, and Rm and g satisfy 2.5% ≤ g ≤ 15%, 315 MPa ≤ Rm < 800 MPa. For example, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 may include Q195 carbon steel, which is convenient for processing and can also meet the value of the tensile strength Rm at 25°C.

[0230] In some embodiments, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 includes carbon steel or stainless steel, and Rm and g satisfy 4.5% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 380 MPa ≤ Rm < 2000 MPa. For example, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 may include SPCC carbon steel, which is convenient for processing and can also meet the value of the tensile strength Rm at 25°C.

[0231] In some embodiments, Rm and g satisfy 8% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 400 MPa ≤ Rm < 2000 MPa. For example, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 may include modified stainless steel, which is convenient for processing and can also meet the value of the tensile strength Rm at 25°C.

[0232] In some embodiments, Rm and g satisfy 10% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 480 MPa ≤ Rm < 2000 MPa. For example, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 may include 316 stainless steel, which is convenient for processing and can also meet the value of the tensile strength Rm at 25°C.

[0233] In some embodiments, Rm and g satisfy 15% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 520 MPa ≤ Rm < 2000 MPa. For example, the material of at least a part of the housing 211 may include 304 stainless steel, which is convenient for processing and can also meet the value of the tensile strength Rm at 25°C.

[0234] In some embodiments, Rm and g satisfy 20% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 600 MPa ≤ Rm < 2000 MPa.

[0235] The following is a comparative description through multiple comparative examples and multiple embodiments. Specifically, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples are all in the form of square shell batteries as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 wherein the housing 211 has a hollow structure with one end open.

[0236] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the preparation methods of the positive electrode plate 223, negative electrode plate 224, electrolyte and separator 225 of the battery cell 20 are as follows.

[0237] 1. Preparation of the positive electrode plate 223

[0238] The positive electrode active material LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 , conductive agent Super P, and binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are made into a positive electrode paste in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The solid content in the positive electrode paste is 50 wt%, and in the solid components, the mass ratio of LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , Super P, and PVDF is 8:1:1. The positive electrode paste is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85°C, then cold-pressed, and then trimmed, sliced, and slit. After that, it is dried in a vacuum at 85°C for 4 h to make the positive electrode plate 223.

[0239] 2. Preparation of the negative electrode plate 224

[0240] The negative electrode active material, conductive agent Super P, thickener carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are mixed evenly in deionized water to make a negative electrode paste. The negative electrode active material includes graphite and silicon-based material, and the silicon-based material is silicon oxide. The solid content in the negative electrode paste is 30 wt%. In the solid components, the mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, silicon suboxide, Super P, CMC, and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is 88:7:3:2. The negative electrode paste is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil, dried at 85°C, then cold-pressed, trimmed, sliced, and slit. After that, it is dried in a vacuum at 120°C for 12 h to make the negative electrode plate 224.

[0241] 3. Preparation of the electrolyte

[0242] In an argon atmosphere glove box (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), the fully dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 was dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50). After mixing evenly, an electrolyte solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L was obtained.

[0243] 4. Preparation of the separator 225

[0244] A 16-μm polyethylene film was used as the separator 225.

[0245] 5. Preparation of the lithium-ion battery cell 20

[0246] The positive electrode plate 223, the separator 225, and the negative electrode plate 224 were stacked in sequence, with the separator 225 placed between the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 to isolate the positive and negative electrodes. After winding, a bare battery core was obtained, the electrode tabs were welded, the bare battery core was placed in a housing made of different materials, and the above-prepared electrolyte solution was injected into the dried housing, followed by encapsulation, static settling, formation, shaping, capacity testing, etc., to complete the preparation of the lithium-ion battery cell 20.

[0247] In the following examples and comparative examples, the tensile strength of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 at a temperature of 25 °C was Rm, and to obtain different tensile strengths Rm, different materials were selected for the housing 211; the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode plate 224 of the electrode assembly 22 of the battery cell 20 included a silicon-based material, and the mass ratio of the silicon-based material was g; the specific parameter settings were as shown in Table 1 below. In addition, in each example and comparative example, the material of the entire area of the housing 211 was the same, and the tensile strength Rm of the housing 211 at 25 °C was measured using the method specified in GB / T 228.1-2010. Moreover, the battery cells 20 in the following examples and comparative examples had the same other setting conditions except for the different parameter settings shown in Table 1. For example, the wall thickness of each wall of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 in each example was 0.25 mm; for another example, the capacity of the battery cell 20 in each example was 350 Ah.

[0248] The battery cells 20 in the following examples and comparative examples were subjected to a cyclic charge fatigue test. Specifically, Figure 16 Fig. shows a schematic structural diagram of the fixture 700 for the cyclic charge fatigue test according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 16As shown in the figure, the fixture 700 includes three 10-mm steel plates that completely cover the wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20. For ease of explanation, the three fixture steel plates are sequentially defined as the first steel plate 710, the second steel plate 720, and the third steel plate 730. The first steel plate 710 and the third steel plate 730 are located at both ends of the fixture 700 and are fixed by bolts. The middle second steel plate 720 is constrained by a guide rail so that the second steel plate 720 can only translate in a direction perpendicular to the large surface of the second steel plate 720; between the first steel plate 710 and the second steel plate 720 is used to clamp the battery cell 20, and the wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20 is attached to the first steel plate 710 and the second steel plate 720; a pressure sensor 740 is provided between the second steel plate 720 and the third steel plate 730. By adjusting the position of the second steel plate 720, the initial extrusion pressure of the second steel plate 720 on the battery cell 20 can be adjusted.

[0249] Specifically, the battery cell 20 is clamped and fixed in the special fixture 700 to ensure that the two walls with the largest relative area of the battery cell 20 are clamped, and the initial pressure is set to 2000 N, and the electrode terminals 214 of the battery cell 20 are connected to the special battery charge and discharge equipment.

[0250] The fixture 700 holding the battery cell 20 is placed in a constant temperature environment of 25 ± 2 °C, and the test is started after the battery cell 20 reaches temperature equilibrium.

[0251] The specific test steps refer to and are carried out in accordance with Section 6.4 "Standard Cycle Life" of "GBT31484-2015 Requirements and Test Methods for Cycle Life of Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles", and the test cycle cut-off condition is changed to "stop the test until the weld 2113 of the battery cell 20 is damaged".

[0252] For example, the test can be carried out according to the following steps: Step a, discharge at 1I (A) to the discharge termination condition specified by the enterprise; Step b, set aside for no less than 30 min or the set-aside condition specified by the enterprise; Step c, charge according to the method in 6.1.1.3; Step d, set aside for no less than 30 min or the set-aside condition specified by the enterprise; Step e, discharge at 1I1 (A) to the discharge termination condition specified by the enterprise; Step f, cycle according to Steps b to e until the weld 2113 is damaged and the test is stopped.

[0253] During the above test process, continuously observe the weld 2113 of the battery cell 20 until the weld 2113 leaks, record the number of cycles, and obtain the situation of the housing 211 at 1000 cycles as shown in Table 1 below. Among them, in the following embodiments and comparative examples, the weld 2113 refers to the weld between the housing 211 and the cover plate 212, that is, the weld 2113 surrounds the open end of the housing 211, and the housing 211 is of an integrally formed structure.

[0254] Table 1

[0255]

[0256] It should be understood that in the above Table 1, the material of the housing 211 can be Q195 carbon steel, and the tensile strength Rm of Q195 carbon steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 315 MPa to 430 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 328 MPa is taken as an example, but it is not limited thereto. Similarly, the material of the housing 211 can be SPCC carbon steel, and the tensile strength Rm of SPCC carbon steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 380 MPa to 430 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 396 MPa is taken as an example; the material of the housing 211 can be modified stainless steel, and the tensile strength Rm of modified stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 400 MPa to 600 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 421 MPa is taken as an example; the material of the housing 211 can be SUS430 stainless steel, and the tensile strength Rm of SUS430 stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 450 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 459 MPa is taken as an example; the material of the housing 211 can be SUS304 stainless steel, and the tensile strength Rm of SUS304 stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 520 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 533 MPa and 625 MPa are taken as examples.

[0257] Comparing the 2 comparative examples with the 12 examples in Table 1 above, it can be determined that different tensile strengths Rm correspond to different materials used for the housing 211. When the tensile strength Rm satisfies 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa, for example, in Examples 1-12, even if the mass fraction g of the silicon-based material in the negative electrode tab 224 of the battery cell 20 is different, the number of failure fatigue cycles of the battery cell 20 can all reach more than one thousand to meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20. However, when the tensile strength Rm does not satisfy 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa, for example, in Comparative Examples 1-2, even if the mass fraction g of the silicon-based material in the negative electrode tab 224 of the battery cell 20 is low, the number of failure fatigue cycles of the battery cell 20 cannot reach one thousand times and cannot meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20.

[0258] It should be understood that the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application can also meet other design requirements. Specifically, the yield strength of at least a part of the housing 211 at a temperature of 25°C is Re, and Re satisfies: 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 MPa.

[0259] Increasing the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature can improve the deformation ability of the housing 211, thereby enhancing the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 20, when the electrode assembly 22 cyclically expands and contracts in volume, increasing the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature can increase the maximum extrusion force borne by the housing 211. Without exceeding the limit of the yield strength of the housing 211, the housing 211 is not easily damaged, and the deformation of the housing 211 can be restored, thus improving the service life of the housing 211. However, the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing. For example, generally, it can be set that the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature satisfies: 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 MPa.

[0260] It should be understood that the value range of the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 of the embodiment of the present application at normal temperature with a temperature of 25 °C can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the value of the normal temperature yield strength Re can satisfy 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 MPa. For another example, the value of the normal temperature yield strength Re can satisfy 180 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 600 MPa. On the one hand, increasing the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, making this part of the housing 211 not easily damaged; and, without exceeding the limit of the yield strength of the housing 211, if the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22 shrinks, the deformation of the housing 211 can also be restored, thereby enhancing the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. On the other hand, controlling the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature not to be too large can reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0261] Furthermore, it can also be set that the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature satisfies 220 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 400 MPa. The yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at normal temperature is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, but also be easy to implement and save costs.

[0262] In some embodiments, the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application at normal temperature can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the yield strength Re at normal temperature can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 140 MPa, 150 MPa, 160 MPa, 180 MPa, 200 MPa, 220 MPa, 250 MPa, 280 MPa, 300 MPa, 330 MPa, 350 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 430 MPa, 450 MPa, 480 MPa, 500 MPa, 530 MPa, 550 MPa, 580 MPa, 600 MPa, 630 MPa, 650 MPa, 680 MPa, 700 MPa, 730 MPa, 750 MPa, 780 MPa, 800 MPa, 830 MPa, 850 MPa, 880 MPa, 900 MPa, 930 MPa, 950 MPa, 980 MPa, and 1000 MPa.

[0263] It should be understood that the yield strength in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as the critical stress value at which the material yields. Generally, after the material is subjected to stress, as the stress increases, in addition to elastic deformation, plastic deformation may also occur. The point at which the material undergoes plastic deformation can be called the yield point, and the strength corresponding to the yield point is called the yield strength. In addition, the yield strength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the upper yield strength, that is, the upper yield strength of at least a part of the housing 211 at a temperature of 25°C is Re.

[0264] The test method for the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application at a temperature of 25°C can be selected according to actual applications. For example, the national standard GB / T228.1-2010 can be used to test the yield strength Re under the normal temperature condition of 25°C.

[0265] In the embodiments of the present application, the value of the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material and the value of the yield strength Re of at least a part of the housing 211 at a temperature of 25°C can be mutually restricted to improve the structural strength of the housing 211 and thus improve the structural strength and service life of the battery cell 20 while increasing the energy density of the battery cell 20.

[0266] For example, in the negative electrode active material, the mass ratio of the silicon-based material is g, and g and Re satisfy: 2% < g < 40%, 140 MPa < Re < 600 MPa. Adding a silicon-based material to the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode sheet 224 can effectively increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 because the silicon-based material can accommodate more metal ions than other elements. For example, the capacity of the silicon-based material is about ten times that of graphite. At the same time, the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material should not be set too large, otherwise it will increase the processing difficulty of the electrode assembly 22 and also increase the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20 during use. Especially during the charging process of the battery cell 20, when metal ions are embedded in the silicon-based material of the negative electrode sheet, the electrode assembly 22 will expand in volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 and further increasing the processing difficulty of the battery cell 20. Therefore, the yield strength Re of at least part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions can be appropriately increased to improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, so that this part of the housing 211 is not easily damaged; and, without exceeding the limit of the yield strength of the housing 211, if the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22 shrinks, the deformation of the housing 211 can also be restored, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. In addition, controlling the yield strength Re of at least part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions should not be too large, which can reduce the material selection difficulty and processing difficulty of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0267] In some embodiments, the material of at least part of the housing 211 includes carbon steel or stainless steel, and g and Re satisfy 4.5% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 170 MPa ≤ Re < 600 MPa. For example, the material of at least part of the housing 211 can include SPCC carbon steel, which is both easy to process and can meet the value of the yield strength Re under the condition of 25°C.

[0268] In some embodiments, g and Re satisfy 8% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 180 MPa ≤ Re < 600 MPa. For example, the material of at least part of the housing 211 can include modified stainless steel, which is both easy to process and can meet the value of the yield strength Re under the condition of 25°C.

[0269] In some embodiments, g and Re satisfy 10% ≤ g ≤ 40%, 190 MPa ≤ Re < 600 MPa. For example, the material of at least part of the housing 211 can include 316 stainless steel, which is both easy to process and can meet the value of the yield strength Re under the condition of 25°C.

[0270] In some embodiments, g and Re satisfy 15% ≤ g ≤ 40% and 200 MPa ≤ Re < 600 MPa. For example, the material of at least part of the housing 211 may include 304 stainless steel, which is convenient for processing and can meet the value of the yield strength Re under the condition of 25°C.

[0271] In some embodiments, g and Re satisfy 20% ≤ g ≤ 40% and 210 MPa ≤ Re < 600 MPa.

[0272] The following is a comparative description through multiple comparative examples and multiple embodiments. Specifically, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples are all in the form of Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown square shell batteries, where the housing 211 adopts a hollow structure with one end open.

[0273] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the preparation methods of the positive electrode sheet 223, negative electrode sheet 224, electrolyte, and separator 225 of the battery cell 20 are as follows.

[0274] 1. Preparation of the positive electrode sheet 223

[0275] The positive electrode active material LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 , conductive agent Super P, and binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are made into a positive electrode slurry in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The solid content in the positive electrode slurry is 50 wt%. In the solid components, the mass ratio of LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , Super P, and PVDF is 8:1:1. The positive electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85°C, and then cold-pressed. After that, it is trimmed, sliced, and slit, and then dried in a vacuum at 85°C for 4 h to make the positive electrode sheet 223.

[0276] 2. Preparation of the negative electrode sheet 224

[0277] The negative electrode active material is mixed evenly with conductive agent Super P, thickening agent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in deionized water to make a negative electrode slurry. The negative electrode active material includes graphite and a silicon-based material, and the silicon-based material is a silicon oxide compound. The solid content in the negative electrode slurry is 30 wt%. The mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, silicon monoxide, Super P, CMC, and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in the solid components is 88:7:3:2. The negative electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil and dried at 85 °C, and then after cold pressing, trimming, slicing, and slitting, it is dried in a vacuum at 120 °C for 12 h to make the negative electrode plate 224.

[0278] 3. Preparation of the electrolyte

[0279] In an argon atmosphere glove box (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), the fully dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 is dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50), and after mixing evenly, an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L is obtained.

[0280] 4. Preparation of the separator 225

[0281] A 16-μm polyethylene film is used as the separator 225.

[0282] 5. Preparation of the lithium-ion battery cell 20

[0283] The positive electrode plate 223, the separator 225, and the negative electrode plate 224 are stacked in sequence, with the separator 225 placed between the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, and then wound to obtain a bare battery cell. The electrode tabs are welded, and the bare battery cell is placed in a housing made of different materials. The above-prepared electrolyte is injected into the dried housing, and then processes such as encapsulation, standing, formation, shaping, and capacity testing are completed to prepare the lithium-ion battery cell 20.

[0284] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the yield strength of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 at a temperature of 25°C is Re, and to obtain different yield strengths Re, different materials are selected for the housing 211; the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode plate 224 of the electrode assembly 22 of the battery cell 20 includes a silicon-based material, and the mass ratio of the silicon-based material is g; the specific parameter settings are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, in each embodiment and comparative example, the material of all regions of the housing 211 is the same, and the yield strength Re of the housing 211 at 25°C is measured by the method specified in GB / T 228.1-2010. Moreover, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples have the same other setting conditions except for the different parameter settings shown in Table 1. For example, the wall thickness of each wall of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 in each embodiment is 0.25 mm; for another example, the capacity of the battery cell 20 in each embodiment is 350 Ah.

[0285] A cyclic charge fatigue test is performed on the battery cell 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples. Specifically, a fixture 700 for cyclic charge fatigue test as shown in the figure can be used for the test.

[0286] Specifically, the battery cell 20 is clamped and fixed in a special fixture 700, ensuring that the two relatively largest-area walls of the battery cell 20 are clamped, and the initial pressure is set to 2000 N, and the electrode terminals 214 of the battery cell 20 are connected to a special battery charge and discharge device.

[0287] The fixture 700 holding the battery cell 20 is placed in a constant temperature environment of 25±2°C, and the test is started after the battery cell 20 reaches temperature equilibrium.

[0288] The specific test steps refer to Section 6.4 "Standard Cycle Life" in "GBT31484-2015 Requirements and Test Methods for the Cycle Life of Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles", and the test cycle cut-off condition is changed to "stop the test until the weld 2113 of the battery cell 20 is damaged".

[0289] For example, the test can be performed according to the following steps: Step a, discharge at 1I (A) to the discharge termination condition specified by the enterprise; Step b, set aside for no less than 30 min or the set-aside condition specified by the enterprise; Step c, charge according to the method in 6.1.1.3; Step d, set aside for no less than 30 min or the set-aside condition specified by the enterprise; Step e, discharge at 1I1 (A) to the discharge termination condition specified by the enterprise; Step f, cycle according to Steps b to e until the weld 2113 is damaged and stop the test.

[0290] During the above test process, continuously observe the weld 2113 of the battery cell 20 until leakage occurs in the weld 2113, record the number of cycles, so as to obtain the failure fatigue condition of the housing 211 at 1000 cycles as shown in Table 2 below. Among them, in the following embodiments and comparative examples, the weld 2113 refers to the weld between the housing 211 and the cover plate 212, that is, the weld 2113 surrounds the open end of the housing 211, and the housing 211 adopts an integrally formed structure.

[0291] Table 2

[0292]

[0293] It should be understood that in Table 2 above, the material of the housing 211 can be modified stainless steel, and the yield strength Re of the modified stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 140 MPa to 180 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 145 MPa and 173 MPa are taken as examples, but it is not limited thereto. Similarly, the material of the housing 211 can be SUS316 stainless steel, and the yield strength Re of the SUS316 stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 177 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 182 MPa and 193 MPa are taken as examples; the material of the housing 211 can be Q195 carbon steel, and the yield strength Re of the Q195 carbon steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 195 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 203 MPa is taken as an example; the material of the housing 211 can be SUS304 stainless steel, and the yield strength Re of the SUS304 stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 205 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 212 MPa is taken as an example.

[0294] Comparing the 2 comparative examples and 12 embodiments in Table 2 above, it can be seen that when the housing 211 uses different materials, different yield strengths Re can be determined accordingly. When the yield strength Re satisfies 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 MPa, for example, in Embodiments 1-12, even if the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material in the material of the negative electrode tab 224 of the battery cell 20 is different, the failure fatigue times of the battery cell 20 can all reach more than one thousand to meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20. However, when the yield strength Re does not satisfy 140 MPa ≤ Re ≤ 1000 MPa, for example, in Comparative Examples 1-2, even if the mass ratio g of the silicon-based material in the material of the negative electrode tab 224 of the battery cell 20 is low, the failure fatigue times of the battery cell 20 cannot reach one thousand times and cannot meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20.

[0295] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 22 further includes a positive electrode plate 223, the positive electrode plate 223 includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating / inserting metal ions, and the positive electrode active material includes a nickel-containing element compound; the melting point of at least a part of the housing 211 is p, and p satisfies: 1200°C ≤ p ≤ 2000°C.

[0296] The positive electrode plate 223 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating / inserting metal ions, and the positive electrode active material can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the positive electrode active material can include a nickel-containing element compound, which can effectively increase the energy density and long cycle life of the battery cell 20, but at the same time, it will also increase the temperature and the generated gas during the use of the battery cell 20. Especially when thermal runaway occurs during the use of the battery cell 20, the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 will increase rapidly and a large amount of gas will be generated.

[0297] Therefore, appropriately increasing the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 will make the housing 211 not easily melted, reduce the possibility of explosion of the battery cell 20, and further reduce the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells 20, so as to improve the reliability of the battery 10. However, the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing. For example, generally, it can be set that the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 satisfies 1200°C ≤ p ≤ 2000°C.

[0298] It should be understood that the value range of the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 generally satisfies 1200°C ≤ p ≤ 2000°C. For another example, the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 can also satisfy 1300°C ≤ p ≤ 1800°C. On the one hand, appropriately increasing the value of the melting point p can improve the anti-melting ability of this part of the housing 211 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, make the housing 211 not easily melted, and further reduce the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells 20, that is, reduce the risk of thermal diffusion, so as to improve the reliability of the battery 10. At the same time, the melting point p cannot be too large, so as to facilitate the selection of suitable materials, reduce the processing difficulty, and further save costs and facilitate processing.

[0299] Furthermore, it can also be set that the melting point p of at least a part of the housing 211 satisfies 1400°C ≤ p ≤ 1600°C, which can improve the structural strength of the housing 211 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, make the housing 211 not easily melted, maintain the structural integrity of this part of the housing 211, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells 20. At the same time, it can also reduce the processing difficulty and save costs.

[0300] In some embodiments, the melting point p of at least a partial region of the housing 211 can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the melting point p can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 1200 °C, 1250 °C, 1300 °C, 1350 °C, 1400 °C, 1450 °C, 1500 °C, 1550 °C, 1600 °C, 1650 °C, 1700 °C, 1750 °C, 1800 °C, 1850 °C, 1900 °C, 1950 °C, and 2000 °C.

[0301] In the embodiments of the present application, the positive electrode tab 223 includes a positive electrode active material. For example, the positive electrode active material coated on the positive electrode tab 223 can be used to form a positive electrode active material layer 2231, and the positive electrode active material layer 2231 can be disposed on at least one side surface of the positive electrode current collector 2232. For example, the positive electrode active material layers 2241 can be disposed on both sides of the positive electrode current collector 2232 perpendicular to its thickness direction, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0302] In some embodiments, the positive electrode current collector 2232 can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. As an example of the metal foil, aluminum foil can be used. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal material layer formed on at least one surface of the polymer material base layer. As an example, the metal material can include one or more of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy. As an example, the polymer material base layer can include one or more of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE).

[0303] It should be understood that the positive electrode active material of the embodiments of the present application can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the positive electrode active material can include a nickel element-containing compound. As an example, the nickel element-containing compound includes a layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide, and the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide accounts for more than 50% of the total molar amount of the transition metal elements in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide. Increasing the proportion of the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide to more than 50% can effectively improve the energy density and long cycle life of the battery cell 20, but the proportion should not be set too large, otherwise it will increase the processing difficulty of the electrode assembly 22, thereby increasing the processing cost of the battery cell 20.

[0304] Furthermore, the proportion of the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide can also be more than 70%, or more than 80%, or 90%. In this way, while effectively improving the energy density of the battery cell 20, the processing difficulty of the electrode assembly 22 can also be controlled to reduce the processing cost of the battery cell 20.

[0305] In some embodiments, the proportion of the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide of the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the proportion of the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 50%, 53%, 55%, 58%, 60%, 63%, 65%, 68%, 70%, 73%, 75%, 78%, 80%, 83%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 96%, and 98%.

[0306] It should be understood that the test method for the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide and the total molar amount of transition metal elements in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide of the embodiments of the present application can be selected according to actual applications, and can be determined by known instruments and methods in the art. For example, the positive electrode active material can be laid and adhered to the conductive adhesive to make a test sample with a length×width of 6 cm×1.1 cm; a scanning electron microscope & energy spectrometer (such as ZEISS Sigma300) can be used to test the particle morphology. The test can refer to JY / T 010-1996. To ensure the accuracy of the test results, 20 different regions can be randomly selected in the test sample for scanning test, and at a certain magnification (for example, more than 1000 times), the content of the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide in each region can be statistically calculated. For example, the average value of the test results of 20 test regions can be taken as the quantity of the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide in the positive electrode active material, and then the molar amount of the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide can be determined; similarly, the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide can also be determined by this method.

[0307] In some embodiments, the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide can include one or more of lithium cobaltate and ternary materials. As an example, the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide includes LiaNibCocMdOeAf, where 0 < a ≤ 1.2, 0.5 ≤ b < 1, optionally, 0.9 ≤ b < 1; 0 < c < 1; 0 < d < 1; 1 ≤ e ≤ 2; 0 ≤ f ≤ 1, M includes but is not limited to one or more of Mn, Al, Zr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti, and B, and A includes but is not limited to one or more of N, F, S, and Cl. Among them, the proportion b of the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide is set to more than 50%, that is, the proportion b satisfies: 0.5 ≤ b < 1, and further can satisfy 0.8 ≤ b < 1, or 0.9 ≤ b < 1, thereby further improving the energy density of the battery cell 20.

[0308] As an example, the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide may include, but is not limited to, one or more of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (abbreviated as NCM523), LiNi0.5Co0.25Mn0.25O2 (abbreviated as NCM211), LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (abbreviated as NCM622), LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (abbreviated as NCM811), LiNi0.9Co0.06Mn0.04O2, LiNi0.96Co0.02Mn0.02O2, and LiNi0.85Co0.15Al0.05O2.

[0309] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material may further include other materials. For example, the positive electrode active material may further include a positive electrode conductive agent. The present application does not particularly limit the type of the positive electrode conductive agent. As an example, the positive electrode conductive agent may include one or more of superconducting carbon, conductive graphite, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0310] In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material may further include a positive electrode binder. The present application does not particularly limit the type of the positive electrode binder. As an example, the positive electrode binder may include one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and fluorinated acrylate resins.

[0311] In some embodiments, the positive electrode sheet 223 may be prepared by the following method: The positive electrode active material layer 2231 is generally formed by coating a positive electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector 2232 and then drying and cold pressing. The positive electrode slurry is generally formed by dispersing a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode binder, a positive electrode conductive agent, etc. in a solvent and stirring evenly. The solvent may be N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or deionized water, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0312] The following is a comparative description through multiple comparative examples and multiple embodiments. Specifically, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples are all in the form of Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown square shell batteries, where the housing 211 has a hollow structure with one end open.

[0313] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the preparation methods of the positive electrode sheet 223, negative electrode sheet 224, electrolyte, and separator 225 of the battery cell 20 are as follows.

[0314] 1. Preparation of the positive electrode sheet 223

[0315] The positive electrode active material LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 , the conductive agent Super P, and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are made into a positive electrode slurry in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The solid content in the positive electrode slurry is 50 wt%, and in the solid components, the mass ratio of LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , Super P, and PVDF is 8:1:1. The positive electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85°C, cold-pressed, then trimmed, sliced, and slit, and finally dried in a vacuum at 85°C for 4 h to make the positive electrode plate 223.

[0316] 2. Preparation of the negative electrode plate 224

[0317] The negative electrode active material, the conductive agent Super P, the thickening agent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are mixed evenly in deionized water to make a negative electrode slurry. The negative electrode active material includes graphite and a silicon-based material, and the silicon-based material is a silicon oxide. The solid content in the negative electrode slurry is 30 wt%, and in the solid components, the mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, silicon suboxide, Super P, CMC, and the binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is 88:7:3:2. The negative electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil, dried at 85°C, then cold-pressed, trimmed, sliced, and slit, and finally dried in a vacuum at 120°C for 12 h to make the negative electrode plate 224.

[0318] 3. Preparation of the electrolyte

[0319] In a glove box under an argon atmosphere (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), the fully dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 is dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) are mixed according to a mass ratio of 50:50). After mixing evenly, an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L is obtained.

[0320] 4. Preparation of the separator 225

[0321] A 16-μm polyethylene film is used as the separator 225.

[0322] 5. Preparation of the lithium-ion battery monomer 20

[0323] Stack the positive electrode plate 223, the separator 225, and the negative electrode plate 224 in sequence, with the separator 225 placed between the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, wind to obtain a bare battery cell, weld the tabs, place the bare battery cell in a housing made of different materials, inject the prepared electrolyte into the dried housing, and perform encapsulation, standing, formation, shaping, capacity testing, etc. to complete the preparation of the lithium-ion battery single cell 20.

[0324] In the following respective examples and comparative examples, the melting point of the housing 211 of the battery single cell 20 is p, and to obtain different melting points, different materials are correspondingly selected for the housing 211; the capacity of the battery single cell 20 is C; the wall thickness of the wall with the largest area of the battery single cell 20 is T, and the specific parameter settings are shown in Table 3 below. Additionally, in each example and comparative example, the material of the entire area of the housing 211 is the same. And, except for the different parameter settings shown in Table 3 for the battery single cell 20 in the following respective examples and comparative examples, the remaining setting conditions are the same. For example, in each of the examples, the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode plate 223 of the electrode assembly 22 of the battery single cell 20 includes a nickel element-containing compound, wherein the nickel element-containing compound includes a layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide, and the molar amount of the nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide accounts for 95% of the total molar amount of the transition metal elements in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide.

[0325] For the battery single cell 20 in the following respective comparative examples and examples, refer to the short-circuit test method in Section 6.2.4 of "GBT31485-2015 Safety Requirements and Test Methods for Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles" to test the single battery, and observe the integrity of the housing 211 after the test, that is, observe whether the housing 211 melts.

[0326] Table 3

[0327]

[0328]

[0329] Comparing the two comparative examples and the six examples in Table 3 above, it can be seen that when the housing 211 uses different materials, different melting points p can be correspondingly determined. When the melting point p satisfies 1200°C ≤ p ≤ 2000°C, for example, in Examples 1-6, the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 does not melt and can meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20; and, when other parameters of the battery cell 20 have different fluctuations, such as the capacity C of the battery cell 20 is different, or the thickness of the wall with the largest area of the housing 211 is different, the battery cell 20 does not melt and can meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20. However, when the melting point p does not satisfy 1200°C ≤ p ≤ 2000°C, for example, in Comparative Examples 1-2, the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 melts and cannot meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20.

[0330] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 22 further includes a positive electrode tab 223. The positive electrode tab 223 includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly deintercalating / inserting metal ions. The positive electrode active material includes a nickel-containing compound; the tensile strength of at least a part of the housing 211 at a temperature of 500°C is Rn, and Rn satisfies: 100 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 1200 MPa.

[0331] The positive electrode active material may include a nickel-containing compound, which can effectively increase the energy density and long cycle life of the battery cell 20, but also increase the gas generated during the use of the battery cell 20. Especially when thermal runaway occurs during the use of the battery cell 20, the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 increases rapidly and a large amount of gas is generated.

[0332] Therefore, appropriately increasing the tensile strength Rn of at least a part of the housing 211 at a high temperature of 500°C can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, making the housing 211 not easily damaged and exploded quickly, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells 20 and improving the reliability of the battery 10. However, the tensile strength Rn of at least a part of the housing 211 at high temperature should not be too large, otherwise it will increase the processing difficulty, such as easily scratching the mold and reducing the service life of the mold. Therefore, appropriately reducing the tensile strength Rn can save costs and facilitate processing. For example, generally, the tensile strength Rn can be set to satisfy 100 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 1200 MPa.

[0333] It should be understood that the value range of the tensile strength Rn of at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application under the high-temperature condition of 500 °C can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the value of the high-temperature tensile strength Rn can satisfy 100 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 1200 MPa. For another example, the value of the high-temperature tensile strength Rn can also satisfy 112 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 720 MPa. On the one hand, appropriately increasing the value of the tensile strength Rn can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 when the battery cell 20 undergoes thermal runaway, making the housing 211 not easily be quickly damaged and explode, thereby reducing the risk of adjacent battery cells 20 undergoing thermal runaway and improving the reliability of the battery 10. At the same time, it is necessary to control that the tensile strength Rn of at least part of the housing 211 under high-temperature conditions cannot be too large to reduce the processing difficulty, and thus the cost can be saved and the processing is facilitated.

[0334] Furthermore, the value of the high-temperature tensile strength Rn can be set to satisfy 152 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 480 MPa, which can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 when the battery cell 20 undergoes thermal runaway, improve the structural strength of the housing 211, make the housing 211 not easily be quickly damaged and explode, thereby reducing the risk of adjacent battery cells 20 undergoing thermal runaway and improving the reliability of the battery 10. At the same time, the processing difficulty can also be reduced and the cost can be saved.

[0335] In some embodiments, the value of the high-temperature tensile strength Rn in the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the high-temperature tensile strength Rn can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 100 MPa, 112 MPa, 130 MPa, 150 MPa, 152 MPa, 168 MPa, 180 MPa, 200 MPa, 228 MPa, 250 MPa, 280 MPa, 300 MPa, 320 MPa, 350 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 430 MPa, 450 MPa, 480 MPa, 500 MPa, 530 MPa, 550 MPa, 580 MPa, 600 MPa, 630 MPa, 650 MPa, 680 MPa, 700 MPa, 720 MPa, 750 MPa, 780 MPa, 800 MPa, 830 MPa, 850 MPa, 880 MPa, 900 MPa, 930 MPa, 950 MPa, 980 MPa, 1000 MPa, 1050 MPa, 1100 MPa, 1150 MPa, and 1200 MPa.

[0336] It should be understood that the tensile strength in the embodiments of the present application refers to the maximum stress value that the material can withstand before being broken. The test method of the tensile strength Rn of at least part of the region of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application under the high-temperature condition of 500 °C can be selected according to actual applications. For example, the national standard GB / T 228.1-2010 can be adopted to test the tensile strength Rn under the high-temperature condition of 500 °C.

[0337] The following is a comparative description through multiple comparative examples and multiple embodiments. Specifically, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples are all in the form of Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown square shell batteries, where the housing 211 adopts a hollow structure with one end open.

[0338] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the preparation methods of the positive electrode sheet 223, negative electrode sheet 224, electrolyte and separator 225 of the battery cell 20 are as follows.

[0339] 1. Preparation of the positive electrode sheet 223

[0340] The positive electrode active material LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 , conductive agent Super P, and binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are made into a positive electrode paste in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The solid content in the positive electrode paste is 50 wt%, and the mass ratio of LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , Super P, and PVDF in the solid components is 8:1:1. The positive electrode paste is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85 °C, then cold-pressed, and then trimmed, sliced, and slit. After that, it is dried in a vacuum at 85 °C for 4 h to make the positive electrode sheet 223.

[0341] 2. Preparation of the negative electrode sheet 224

[0342] The negative electrode active material, conductive agent Super P, thickening agent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and adhesive styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are mixed evenly in deionized water to make a negative electrode paste. The negative electrode active material includes graphite and silicon-based materials, and the silicon-based material is silicon oxide. The solid content in the negative electrode paste is 30 wt%, and the mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, silicon monoxide, Super P, CMC, and adhesive styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in the solid components is 88:7:3:2. The negative electrode paste is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil and dried at 85 °C, then cold-pressed, trimmed, sliced, and slit. After that, it is dried in a vacuum at 120 °C for 12 h to make the negative electrode sheet 224.

[0343] 3. Preparation of electrolyte solution

[0344] In an argon atmosphere glove box (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), the fully dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 is dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50), and after mixing evenly, an electrolyte solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L is obtained.

[0345] 4. Preparation of separator 225

[0346] A 16-μm polyethylene film is used as separator 225.

[0347] 5. Preparation of lithium-ion battery single cell 20

[0348] The positive electrode plate 223, separator 225, and negative electrode plate 224 are stacked in sequence, with separator 225 placed between positive electrode plate 223 and negative electrode plate 224 to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, and then wound to obtain a bare battery core. The electrode tabs are welded, the bare battery core is placed in a housing made of different materials, and the above-prepared electrolyte solution is injected into the dried housing, followed by encapsulation, standing, formation, shaping, capacity testing, etc., to complete the preparation of lithium-ion battery single cell 20.

[0349] In the following examples and comparative examples, the tensile strength of the housing 211 of battery single cell 20 at a temperature of 500 °C is Rn, and to obtain different tensile strengths Rn, different materials are selected for housing 211; the capacity of battery single cell 20 is C; the wall thickness of the wall with the largest area of battery single cell 20 is T, and the specific parameter settings are shown in Table 4 below. In addition, in each example and comparative example, the material of the entire area of housing 211 is the same, and the tensile strength Rn of housing 211 at 500 °C is measured by the method specified in GB / T 228.1-2010. Moreover, except for the different parameter settings shown in Table 4 for battery single cell 20 in the following examples and comparative examples, the remaining setting conditions are the same. For example, in each example, the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode plate 223 of the electrode assembly 22 of battery single cell 20 includes a nickel-containing compound, wherein the nickel-containing compound includes a layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide, and the molar amount of nickel element in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide accounts for 95% of the total molar amount of transition metal elements in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide.

[0350] For the battery cell 20 in the following pairs of ratios and examples, refer to the short - circuit test method in Section 6.2.4 of "GBT31485 - 2015 Safety Requirements and Test Methods for Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles" to test the single - cell battery, and observe the integrity of the housing 211 after the test, that is, observe whether the housing 211 is cracked.

[0351] Table 4

[0352] Rn (MPa) T (mm) C (Ah) Shell material Test results Comparative Example 1 13 0.7 350 Aluminum Shell cracking Comparative Example 2 12 0.15 72 Aluminum Shell cracking Example 1 115 0.15 350 Low-carbon steel Shell intact Example 2 113 0.15 72 Low-carbon steel Shell intact Example 3 129 0.15 350 Low-carbon steel Shell intact Example 4 194 0.15 350 Stainless steel Shell intact Example 5 191 0.15 72 Stainless steel Shell intact Example 6 234 0.15 350 Stainless steel Shell intact

[0353] Comparing the two comparative ratios and six examples in Table 4 above, it can be seen that when the housing 211 uses different materials, different tensile strengths Rn can be determined correspondingly. When the tensile strength Rn satisfies 100 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 1200 MPa, for example, in Examples 1 - 6, the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 does not crack and can meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20; moreover, when other parameters of the battery cell 20 have different fluctuations, such as different capacities C of the battery cell 20 or different thicknesses of the wall with the largest area of the housing 211, the battery cell 20 does not crack and can meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20. However, when the tensile strength Rn does not satisfy 100 MPa ≤ Rn ≤ 1200 MPa, for example, in Comparative Ratios 1 - 2, the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 cracks and cannot meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20.

[0354] It should be understood that at least part of the area of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application may include a local area of the housing 211 and may also include the entire area of the housing 211. In some embodiments, the housing 211 includes a weld 2113, and at least part of the area of the housing 211 includes the area within a preset distance from the weld 2113 of the housing 211, and the preset distance is L, where L satisfies: L = 10 mm. When the negative active material of the negative electrode tab 224 of the electrode assembly 22 includes a silicon - based material, since the silicon - based material can accommodate more metal ions, it will increase the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20 during use, causing the electrode assembly 22 to expand in volume, and further increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20. Under the same conditions, the structural strength of the area of the housing 211 near the weld 2113 is smaller than that of other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, the area of the housing 211 near the weld 2113 is more likely to be damaged during the use of the battery cell 20. Therefore, setting the area within the preset distance L from the weld 2113 to meet the requirements of the tensile strength Rm or the yield strength Re under normal temperature conditions can improve the deformation ability of the area of the housing 211 near the weld 2113, making this part of the area of the housing 211 not easily damaged, and further improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20.

[0355] When the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode tab 223 of the electrode assembly 22 includes a nickel element-containing compound, if the battery cell 20 undergoes thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery cell 20 will increase rapidly and a large amount of gas will be generated. Under the same conditions, the structural strength of the region of the housing 211 near the weld 2113 is smaller than that of other regions of the housing 211. Therefore, the housing 211 is likely to rupture in the region near the weld 2113, which may trigger thermal runaway of the connected battery cells 20, that is, cause thermal diffusion. Therefore, setting the region within a preset distance L from the weld 2113 to meet the requirements of the tensile strength Rn or the melting point p under high temperature conditions can improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211, so that this part of the region is not easily damaged rapidly or completely melted, reducing the risk of thermal diffusion or even explosion between multiple battery cells 20, so as to improve the reliability of the battery 10.

[0356] It should be understood that the weld 2113 included in the housing 211 of the embodiment of the present application may include the weld 2113 at any position of the housing 211. For example, the weld 2113 included in the housing 211 may include the weld between the housing 211 and the cover plate 212, that is, the region around the open end of the housing 211 is the weld. For another example, the weld 2113 of the housing 211 may also include the weld between different parts of the housing 211. For example, the housing 211 may include at least two parts, and the at least two parts are connected by welding to form the housing 211, where Figure 13 Taking the housing 211 including two parts along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20 as an example, there is a weld 2113 between the upper half housing and the lower half housing; or, different from Figure 13 as shown, the weld 2113 may also be provided in other parts of the housing 211, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0357] In some embodiments, at least a partial region of the housing 211 includes a surrounding region 2111 of the housing 211. The surrounding region 2111 surrounds the electrode assembly 22, and the surrounding region 2111 is at least a partial region of the side wall of the housing 211. In this way, when the negative active material of the negative electrode tab 224 of the electrode assembly 22 includes a silicon-based material, since the silicon-based material can accommodate more metal ions, the amount of deformation of the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20 during use will increase, causing the electrode assembly 22 to expand in volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20. Therefore, setting the surrounding region 2111 to meet the requirements of the tensile strength Rm or the yield strength Re under normal temperature conditions can improve the deformation ability of the housing 211. Moreover, since the surrounding region 2111 is arranged to surround the electrode assembly 22, it can limit the extrusion force of the internal electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 in the radial direction, making the housing 211 not easily damaged, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20.

[0358] When the positive active material of the positive electrode tab 223 of the electrode assembly 22 includes a nickel-containing element compound, if the battery cell 20 undergoes thermal runaway, the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 will increase rapidly and a large amount of gas will be generated. If the surrounding region 2111 meets the requirements of the tensile strength Rn or the melting point p under high temperature conditions, then the deformation ability of the surrounding region 2111 of the housing 211 can be improved, making the surrounding region 2111 not easily be damaged rapidly or completely melted, and it can limit the excessive expansion of the internal electrode assembly 22 of the housing 211 in its thickness direction, reducing the possibility of the battery cell 20 exploding, thereby reducing the risk of adjacent battery cells 20 undergoing thermal runaway and improving the reliability of the battery 10.

[0359] It should be understood that the position and size of the surrounding region 2111 in the embodiments of the present application can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20, the height of the surrounding region 2111 can be less than or equal to the height of the housing 211. Specifically, if along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20, the height of the surrounding region 2111 is less than the height of the housing 211, then the surrounding region 2111 can be located at any position of the housing 211 along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20. For example, the surrounding region 2111 can be located in the middle of the housing 211 along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20 to limit the deformation of the corresponding middle position of the electrode assembly 22.

[0360] If, along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20, the height of the surrounding area 2111 is equal to the height of the housing 211, then the surrounding area 2111 includes all the side walls of the housing 211 and can wrap the side surface of the electrode assembly 22, thereby improving the structural strength of the side walls of the housing 211 and reducing the risk of explosion and thermal diffusion caused by the damage of the local weak area of the side walls of the housing 211 after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, and thus improving the reliability of the battery 10.

[0361] In some embodiments, at least part of the housing 211 includes all the walls of the housing 211, that is, at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application may refer to all areas of the housing 211. In this way, when the negative active material of the negative electrode tab 224 of the electrode assembly 22 includes a silicon-based material, since the silicon-based material can accommodate more metal ions, the deformation amount of the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20 during use will increase, causing the electrode assembly 22 to expand in volume, and thus increasing the pressure of the electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 of the battery cell 20. Therefore, setting all areas of the housing 211 to meet the requirements of the tensile strength Rm or the yield strength Re at normal temperature can improve the overall deformation ability of the housing 211, and can also limit the extrusion force of the internal electrode assembly 22 on the housing 211 in all directions, making the strength of each part of the housing 211 balanced and not easily damaged in the local weak area, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20.

[0362] When the positive active material of the positive electrode tab 223 of the electrode assembly 22 includes a nickel-containing compound, if the battery cell 20 undergoes thermal runaway, the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 will increase rapidly and a large amount of gas will be generated; and if all areas of the housing 211 meet the requirements of the tensile strength Rn or the melting point p at high temperature, then the overall deformation ability of the housing 211 can be improved, making the housing 211 not easily damaged or melted, capable of restricting the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the housing 211, reducing the impact on the connected battery cells 20, and thus reducing the risk of thermal runaway of adjacent battery cells 20 to improve the reliability of the battery 10.

[0363] Furthermore, the cover plate 212 in the embodiments of the present application may be made of the same material as at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application, so that the structural strength of the cover plate 212 also meets the design requirements. For example, the cover plate 212 may also meet at least one of the above requirements of the tensile strength Rm and the yield strength Re at normal temperature, the tensile strength Rn at high temperature, and the melting point p, so as to improve the structural strength of the cover plate 212 and thus improve the structural stability of the battery cell 20, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0364] In an embodiment of the present application, the housing 211 at least partially includes a third housing wall 2112, and the average thickness of the third housing wall 2112 is T, where T satisfies: 0.05 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.5 mm, 60 mm·MPa ≤ T×Rm ≤ 500 mm·MPa.

[0365] It should be understood that the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application can be any wall of the housing 211. Specifically, the battery cell 20 can be any polyhedral structure, the housing 211 can be a hollow structure with at least one open end, the housing 211 can include one or more walls, the third housing wall 2112 is any wall of the housing 211, and the housing 211 can include one or more third housing walls 2112. For example, if the housing 211 is a prism, the third housing wall 2112 can be any wall of the prism, and the surface of the third housing wall 2112 can be any polygon. For another example, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, if the housing 211 is a cuboid, the third housing wall 2112 can be any wall of the housing 211, and the surface of the third housing wall 2112 is a rectangle. For another example, if the housing 211 is a cylinder, the third housing wall 2112 can be the bottom surface of the cylinder or the side surface of the cylinder, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. In addition, if the adjacent two walls of the housing 211 are connected by a fillet, when the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application is any wall of the housing 211, the third housing wall 2112 does not include the connection area of the fillet between the wall and the connected wall.

[0366] In an embodiment of the present application, at least a part of the housing 211 includes the third housing wall 2112, and the tensile strength of the third housing wall 2112 under normal temperature conditions of 25°C is Rm. Increasing the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions of 25°C can improve the deformation ability of the housing 211, so that the housing 211 is not easily damaged during the use of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. However, the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 under normal temperature conditions should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0367] When the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 is relatively thin, the structural strength of the third housing wall 2112 can be increased by increasing the tensile strength Rm of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 at room temperature of 25°C. This can not only improve the energy density of the battery cell 20, but also improve the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20. On the contrary, when the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 is relatively thick, the structural strength of the housing 211 can be improved, and the difficulty of selecting the material of the housing 211 can be reduced by appropriately reducing the requirement for the tensile strength Rm of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 at room temperature, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of the battery cell 20. Moreover, T×Rm represents the stiffness of the third housing wall, and it is restricted that the stiffness of the third housing wall should not be too small or too large, which can not only enable the third housing wall to have good deformation ability, but also reduce the processing difficulty and cost.

[0368] It should be understood that the value range of the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 in the embodiment of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 satisfies: 0.05 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.5 mm. Further, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 satisfies: 0.1 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.4 mm. Appropriately thinning the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 inside the battery 10, thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10, and the requirement for the structural strength of the housing 211 can be compensated by increasing the tensile strength Rm of the third housing wall 2112 at room temperature to maintain the stability of the housing 211; while appropriately increasing the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can also reduce the processing difficulty of the third housing wall 2112.

[0369] Further, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 satisfies: 0.1 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.3 mm. The average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the structural strength and structural stability of the housing 211, but also reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 inside the battery 10, thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10.

[0370] In some embodiments, the value of the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 of the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.05 mm, 0.075 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.125 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.175 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.225 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.275 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.325 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.375 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.425 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.475 mm, and 0.5 mm.

[0371] In some embodiments, the value range of T×Rm can also be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, Rm and T satisfy: 60 mm·MPa ≤ T×Rm ≤ 500 mm·MPa; further, Rm and T can also satisfy: 100 mm·MPa ≤ T×Rm ≤ 500 mm·MPa. By selecting appropriate materials, the tensile strength Rm of the third housing wall 2112 at room temperature can be improved, and then the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can be reduced, so that the stiffness value of the third housing wall 2112 meets the design requirements, which can not only improve the structural strength and structural stability of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211, but also improve the energy density of the battery cell 20 and the battery 10.

[0372] Further, the value range of T×Rm can also be set to: Rm and T satisfy: 100 mm·MPa ≤ T×Rm ≤ 300 mm·MPa, so that the stiffness value of the third housing wall 2112 is more appropriate, which can not only enable the third housing wall 2112 to have good deformation ability to improve the service life of the battery cell 20, but also reduce the difficulty of material selection, and then reduce the processing difficulty and processing cost.

[0373] In some embodiments, the value of T×Rm of the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of T×Rm can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 60 mm·MPa, 65 mm·MPa, 70 mm·MPa, 75 mm·MPa, 80 mm·MPa, 85 mm·MPa, 90 mm·MPa, 95 mm·MPa, 100 mm·MPa, 130 mm·MPa, 150 mm·MPa, 180 mm·MPa, 200 mm·MPa, 230 mm·MPa, 250 mm·MPa, 280 mm·MPa, 300 mm·MPa, 330 mm·MPa, 350 mm·MPa, 380 mm·MPa, 400 mm·MPa, 430 mm·MPa, 450 mm·MPa, 480 mm·MPa, and 500 mm·MPa.

[0374] In the embodiments of the present application, the value of the mass fraction g of the silicon-based material and the value of the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can be mutually restricted, and can also be mutually restricted with the value of the tensile strength Rm of at least a part of the housing 211 under the condition that the temperature is 25 °C, so as to balance the relationship between the energy density and the structural strength of the battery cell 20. For example, in the negative electrode active material, the mass fraction of the silicon-based material is g, and g and T satisfy: 2% < g < 20%, 0.15 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.4 mm. When the mass fraction g of the silicon-based material is small, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can be appropriately reduced to improve the space utilization rate of the housing 211. When increasing the energy density of the battery cell 20, the structural strength of the housing 211 can also be balanced.

[0375] In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the silicon-based material in the negative electrode active material is g, and g, T, and Rm satisfy: 15% < g < 40%, 0.2 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.4 mm, 100 mm·MPa ≤ T×Rm ≤ 500 mm·MPa. Increasing the mass g of the silicon-based material can effectively increase the energy density of the battery cell 20. At the same time, increasing the thickness and stiffness T×Rm of the third housing wall 2112 can improve the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20.

[0376] It should be understood that the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 in the embodiments of the present application may refer to the average thickness of at least a part of the third housing wall 2112. For example, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 may refer to the average thickness T of all regions of the third housing wall 2112, especially when the third housing wall 2112 is relatively flat, that is, the thicknesses of most regions of the third housing wall 2112 are basically equal or have a small difference, or the thicknesses of all regions of the third housing wall 2112 are basically equal or have a small difference, then the average thickness of all regions of the third housing wall 2112 can be determined as T.

[0377] For another example, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 may also refer to the average thickness T of a local region of the third housing wall 2112, that is, the average thickness T of the remaining region after excluding a part of the third housing wall 2112. For example, if there are some special regions in the third housing wall 2112, and the thicknesses of these special regions are quite different from those of other regions. For example, there are convex structures or concave regions in these special regions, making the thicknesses of these special regions larger or smaller than those of other regions, then these special regions can be excluded to calculate the average thickness of the remaining regions of the third housing wall 2112 as T.

[0378] In some embodiments, the third housing wall 2112 includes a functional area, and the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 is the average thickness of the area of the third housing wall 2112 other than the functional area. The functional area includes at least one of the following areas: a pressure relief area, the area where the electrode terminal 214 is located, a liquid injection area, and a welding area. The thickness of the functional area usually varies significantly compared to the thickness of other areas of the third housing wall 2112. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 without including the functional area, the design of the third housing wall 2112 can better meet the strength requirements, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20.

[0379] Specifically, the functional area of the embodiment of the present application may include an area on the third housing wall 2112 where a specific structure is provided or which has a specific use. For example, the functional area may include a pressure relief area, and the pressure relief area is used to provide a pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is an element or component that is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold can be adjusted according to different design requirements. For example, the predetermined threshold may depend on one or several of the materials of the positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, electrolyte, and separator membrane in the battery cell 20.

[0380] The "actuation" mentioned in the present application means that the pressure relief mechanism generates an action or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 20 can be released. The actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism rupturing, breaking, being torn, or opening, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 20 will be discharged outward from the actuated part as emissions. In this way, the battery cell 20 can be pressure-relieved and temperature-relieved under controlled pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potential more serious accidents.

[0381] The emissions from the battery cell 20 mentioned in the present application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator membrane, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by reactions, flames, etc.

[0382] The pressure relief mechanism of the embodiment of the present application can be disposed on any wall of the battery cell 20. For example, the pressure relief mechanism can be disposed in the pressure relief area of the third housing wall 2112 of the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism can be a part of the third housing wall 2112; alternatively, it can also be a split structure with the third housing wall 2112 and is fixed on the third housing wall 2112 by means such as welding. For example, when the pressure relief mechanism is a part of the third housing wall 2112, for example, the pressure relief mechanism can be formed by setting a notch on the third housing wall 2112, that is, the third housing wall 2112 is provided with a notch in the pressure relief area, and the thickness at the notch is significantly less than the thickness of other areas of the third housing wall 2112. Therefore, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can not calculate the thickness at the notch. The notch is the weakest position of the pressure relief mechanism. When the gas generated by the battery cell 20 is too much, causing the internal pressure to rise and reach the threshold value, or the internal reaction of the battery cell 20 generates heat, causing the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 to rise and reach the threshold value, the pressure relief mechanism can rupture at the notch, resulting in the internal and external communication of the battery cell 20, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the crack of the pressure relief mechanism, thereby avoiding the explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0383] For another example, the pressure relief mechanism can also be a split structure with the third housing wall 2112. The pressure relief mechanism can be in the form of, for example, an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and can specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure. For example, the third housing wall 2112 is provided with a through hole in the pressure relief area, and the pressure relief mechanism is installed and fixed to the third housing wall 2112 through the through hole. After installation, the pressure relief mechanism may protrude or recess relative to other areas of the third housing wall 2112. Therefore, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 can not include the pressure relief area where the pressure relief mechanism is located. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold value, the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is damaged, thereby forming an opening or a channel for discharging the internal pressure or temperature.

[0384] In some embodiments, the functional region may further include the region where the electrode terminal 214 is located. Specifically, the electrode terminal 214 in the embodiment of the present application is used to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 22 inside the battery cell 20 to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20. Moreover, the battery cell 20 may include at least two electrode terminals 214, and the at least two electrode terminals 214 respectively include at least one first electrode terminal 214a and at least one second electrode terminal 214b, wherein the first electrode terminal 214a and the second electrode terminal 214b have opposite polarities. For example, the first electrode terminal 214a may be a positive electrode terminal, then the second electrode terminal 214b is a negative electrode terminal; or, the first electrode terminal 214a may be a negative electrode terminal, then the second electrode terminal 214b is a positive electrode terminal. Among them, the positive electrode terminal is used to be electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 222a of the electrode assembly 22, and the negative electrode terminal is used to be electrically connected to the negative electrode tab 222b of the electrode assembly 22. The positive electrode terminal and the positive electrode tab 222a may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and the negative electrode terminal and the negative electrode tab 222b may be directly connected or indirectly connected. Exemplarily, the positive electrode terminal may be electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 222a through a connecting member 23, and the negative electrode terminal is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab 222b through a connecting member 23.

[0385] It should be understood that each electrode terminal 214 in the embodiment of the present application may be disposed on any one wall, and a plurality of electrode terminals 214 may be disposed on the same wall or different walls of the battery cell 20. For example, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, taking each battery cell 20 including two electrode terminals 214 and the two electrode terminals 214 being located on the same wall as an example, for example, the two electrode terminals 214 may both be located on the cover plate 212.

[0386] For another example, still taking each battery cell 20 including two electrode terminals 214 and the two electrode terminals 214 being located on the same wall as an example, different from Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the two electrode terminals 214 may also be located on the housing 211. For example, the two electrode terminals 214 may both be located on the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211. When the electrode terminal 214 is located on the third housing wall 2112, the electrode terminal 214 generally protrudes from other regions of the third housing wall 2112, that is, the thickness of the region where the electrode terminal 214 is located is much greater than the thickness of other regions of the third housing wall 2112. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112, the region where the electrode terminal 214 is located may not be included.

[0387] In some embodiments, the functional region may further include a liquid injection region. For example, the liquid injection region of the third housing wall 2112 may be provided with a liquid injection hole, through which electrolyte is injected into the housing 211. After the electrolyte injection is completed, the liquid injection hole may be sealed by a seal. Considering that the thickness of the liquid injection region where the seal is located is generally much greater than the thickness of other regions of the third housing wall 2112, therefore, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 may not include this liquid injection region when calculated.

[0388] In some embodiments, the functional region may further include a welding region. For example, the third housing wall 2112 may be fixed to other walls by welding, or the third housing wall 2112 itself needs to be processed and formed by welding, then the third housing wall 2112 may include a welding region. For example, as Figure 13 shown, the housing 211 may be welded in a splicing manner, then the housing 211 may have a weld seam 2113. Specifically, the housing 211 may include at least two parts, and the at least two parts are connected by welding to form the housing 211, where Figure 13 taking the housing 211 including two parts along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20 as an example, there is a weld seam 2113 between the upper half housing and the lower half housing; or, different from Figure 13 shown, weld seams 2113 may also be provided in other parts of the housing 211, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The welding region of the functional region in the embodiments of the present application may further include this weld seam 2113. Due to processing technology reasons, the thickness of the welding region is generally greater than the thickness of other regions of the third housing wall 2112, therefore, the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 may not include this welding region when calculated.

[0389] In the embodiments of the present application, the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 may be any wall of the housing 211. For example, the third housing wall 2112 is the wall with the smallest thickness of the housing 211. That is, by restricting the thickness T of the wall with the smallest thickness of the housing 211 to restrict the thickness of other walls of the housing 211, so that each wall of the housing 211 can meet the requirements of structural strength, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20.

[0390] In some embodiments, the third housing wall 2112 is the wall with the largest area of the housing 211. Considering that a plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged in the battery 10, the plurality of battery cells 20 usually abut against each other through the wall with the largest area of the housing 211. Therefore, the wall with the largest area usually receives the greatest extrusion force from the electrode assembly 22. By restricting the average thickness T and the room temperature tensile strength Rm of the third housing wall 2112, the deformation ability of the housing 211 can be effectively improved, and further the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20 can be improved.

[0391] It should be understood that the position of the wall with the largest area of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application can be set according to actual applications. For example, the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 20, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of battery cells 20 may be perpendicular or parallel to the wall with the largest area of the housing 211. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0392] In some embodiments, the housing 211 includes an intersecting bottom wall and side walls, wherein the bottom wall is used to support the electrode assembly accommodated in the housing 211. Specifically, the housing 211 may be a hollow structure with at least one open end, and the bottom wall and side walls of the housing 211 do not necessarily refer to the walls opposite and adjacent to the opening respectively. When the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated inside the housing 211, considering that in actual applications, due to different application scenarios, the setting direction of the electrode assembly 22 may be different, and the housing 211 may include a wall for supporting the electrode assembly 22. Therefore, the bottom wall of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application is the wall for supporting the electrode assembly 22, that is, the bottom wall of the housing 211 is used to bear the gravity of the electrode assembly 22. Relatively, the wall of the housing 211 that directly intersects with the bottom wall is the side wall of the housing 211.

[0393] In some embodiments, the third housing wall 2112 is the side wall of the housing 211. Considering that the uses of the bottom wall and side walls of the housing 211 are different, the design requirements for the bottom wall and side walls may also be different. For example, the side walls of the housing 211 usually have higher requirements for deformation ability. In the case where the third housing wall 2112 is the side wall of the housing 211, by restricting the room temperature tensile strength Rm of the side wall of the housing 211 and the average thickness T of the side wall, the deformation ability of the side wall of the housing 211 can be effectively improved, and further the structural stability of the battery cell 20 can be improved.

[0394] In some embodiments, the housing 211 includes a plurality of side walls with equal thicknesses for easy processing.

[0395] In some embodiments, the thickness of the bottom wall of the housing 211 is equal to the thickness of the side walls of the housing 211 for easy processing and optimizing the space occupied by the housing 211.

[0396] In some embodiments, the third housing wall 2112 is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the electrode plates of the electrode assembly 22. The stacking direction of the electrode plates of the electrode assembly 22 is generally the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22. Considering that the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22 is prone to expansion during the cyclic charge and discharge of the battery cell 20, relatively high requirements are imposed on the deformation of the corresponding wall of the housing 211. Therefore, by setting the third housing wall 2112 as the wall perpendicular to the stacking direction of the electrode plates of the electrode assembly 22, or in other words, arranging the third housing wall 2112 along the stacking direction of the electrode plates of the electrode assembly 22, by restricting the tensile strength Rm and the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 at room temperature, both the energy density of the battery cell 20 can be increased, and the deformation ability of the third housing wall 2112 can be effectively improved, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery cell 20.

[0397] It should be understood that the cover plate 212 of the embodiment of the present application can adopt the same or different designs from the third housing wall 2112. For example, the cover plate 212 can adopt the same design as the third housing wall 2112, that is, the average thickness of the cover plate 212 can be T, the room temperature tensile strength of the cover plate 212 can be b, and the design requirements of the above b and T are satisfied to improve the deformation ability of the cover plate 212, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20.

[0398] In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the internal space of the housing 211 to the outer shape volume of the housing 211 is greater than or equal to 93%. That is, the thickness of the housing 211 is relatively thin, so that the space occupied by the housing 211 itself is small, thereby improving the space utilization rate and energy density of the battery 10.

[0399] It should be understood that the specific calculation methods of the volume of the internal space of the housing 211 and the outer shape volume of the housing 211 in the embodiment of the present application are related to the shape of the housing 211. For example, taking the housing 211 as a cuboid as an example. Figure 17 The side view schematic diagram of the housing 211 of the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 18 The top view schematic diagram of the housing 211 of the embodiment of the present application is shown. For example, the Figure 17 and Figure 18 The shown housing 211 can be the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown.

[0400] Such as Figure 17 and Figure 18As shown, here, the rectangular parallelepiped housing 211 is taken as an example, and the housing 211 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped with one end open. When calculating the volume of the internal space of the housing 211 and the external volume of the housing 211, the fillet connection between the adjacent walls of the housing 211 can be ignored. As Figure 17 and Figure 18 shown, since each wall of the housing 211 has a certain thickness, in the length direction Y, the internal length of the housing 211 is Y1, and the external length is Y2, and Y2 is greater than Y1; similarly, in the width direction X, the internal width of the housing 211 is X1, and the external width is X2, and X2 is greater than X1; in the height direction Z, the internal height of the housing 211 is Z1, and the external height is Z2, and Z2 is greater than Z1. Therefore, the volume V1 of the internal space of the housing 211 = X1 × Y1 × Z1; the volume V2 of the external space of the housing 211 = X2 × Y2 × Z2, and V1 / V2 is greater than or equal to 93%, so as to reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 itself, thereby improving the space utilization rate and energy density of the battery 10.

[0401] The following is a comparative description through multiple comparative examples and multiple implementation examples. Specifically, the battery cells 20 in the following implementation examples and comparative examples are all taken as the square shell battery as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, wherein, the housing 211 adopts a hollow structure with one end open.

[0402] In the following implementation examples and comparative examples, the preparation methods of the positive electrode plate 223, negative electrode plate 224, electrolyte and separator 225 of the battery cell 20 are as follows.

[0403] 1. Preparation of the positive electrode plate 223

[0404] The positive electrode active material LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 , conductive agent Super P, and binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are made into a positive electrode slurry in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The solid content in the positive electrode slurry is 50 wt%. In the solid components, the mass ratio of LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , Super P, and PVDF is 8:1:1. The positive electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85°C, and then cold-pressed. Then, after trimming, slicing, and slitting, it is dried in a vacuum at 85°C for 4 hours to make the positive electrode plate 223.

[0405] 2. Preparation of the negative electrode plate 224

[0406] The negative electrode active material is mixed evenly with conductive agent Super P, thickening agent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in deionized water to prepare a negative electrode paste. The negative electrode active material includes graphite and a silicon-based material, and the silicon-based material is a silicon oxide compound. The solid content in the negative electrode paste is 30 wt%. The mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, silicon suboxide, Super P, CMC, and binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in the solid components is 88:7:3:2. The negative electrode paste is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil and dried at 85°C, and then after cold pressing, edge trimming, slicing, and slitting, it is dried in a vacuum at 120°C for 12 h to prepare the negative electrode plate 224.

[0407] 3. Preparation of the electrolyte

[0408] In an argon atmosphere glove box (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), the fully dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 is dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50), and after mixing evenly, an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L is obtained.

[0409] 4. Preparation of the separator 225

[0410] A 16-μm polyethylene film is used as the separator 225.

[0411] 5. Preparation of the lithium-ion battery single cell 20

[0412] The positive electrode plate 223, the separator 225, and the negative electrode plate 224 are stacked in sequence, with the separator 225 placed in the middle between the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, and then wound to obtain a bare battery cell. The electrode tabs are welded, the bare battery cell is placed in a casing made of different materials, and the above-prepared electrolyte is injected into the dried casing, followed by encapsulation, standing, formation, shaping, capacity testing, etc. to complete the preparation of the lithium-ion battery single cell 20.

[0413] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the tensile strength of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 at a temperature of 25 °C is Rm, and different materials are selected for the housing 211 to obtain different tensile strengths Rm; the average thickness of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 is T; the specific parameter settings are shown in Table 5 below. In addition, in each embodiment and comparative example, the material of all regions of the housing 211 is the same, and the tensile strength Rm of the housing 211 at 25 °C is measured by the method specified in GB / T 228.1-2010. Moreover, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples have the same other setting conditions except for the different parameter settings shown in Table 5. For example, the capacity of the battery cell 20 in each embodiment is 350 Ah.

[0414] A cyclic charge fatigue test was carried out on the battery cell 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples. Specifically, it can be carried out using the fixture 700 for cyclic charge fatigue test as shown in Figure 16 Figure.

[0415] Specifically, the battery cell 20 was clamped and fixed in the special fixture 700, ensuring that the two walls with the largest relative area of the battery cell 20 were clamped, and the initial pressure was set to 2000 N, and the electrode terminals 214 of the battery cell 20 were connected to the special battery charge and discharge equipment.

[0416] The fixture 700 holding the battery cell 20 was placed in a constant temperature environment of 25 ± 2 °C, and the test was started after the battery cell 20 reached temperature equilibrium.

[0417] The specific test steps refer to Section 6.4 "Standard Cycle Life" of "GBT31484-2015 Requirements and Test Methods for Cycle Life of Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles", and the test cycle cut-off condition was changed to "stop the test until the weld 2113 of the battery cell 20 is damaged".

[0418] For example, the test can be carried out according to the following steps: Step a, discharge at 1I (A) to the discharge termination condition specified by the enterprise; Step b, set aside for no less than 30 min or the set-aside condition specified by the enterprise; Step c, charge according to the method in 6.1.1.3; Step d, set aside for no less than 30 min or the set-aside condition specified by the enterprise; Step e, discharge at 1I1 (A) to the discharge termination condition specified by the enterprise; Step f, cycle according to Steps b to e until the weld 2113 is damaged and stop the test.

[0419] During the above test process, continuously observe the weld 2113 of the battery cell 20 until the weld 2113 leaks liquid, record the number of cycles, so as to obtain the situation of the housing 211 at 1000 cycles as shown in Table 5 below. Among them, in the following embodiments and comparative examples, the weld 2113 refers to the weld between the housing 211 and the cover plate 212, that is, the weld 2113 surrounds the open end of the housing 211, and the housing 211 adopts an integrally formed structure.

[0420] Table 5

[0421]

[0422]

[0423] It should be understood that in Table 5 above, the material of the housing 211 can be Q195 carbon steel, and the tensile strength Rm of Q195 carbon steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 315 MPa to 430 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 328 MPa is taken as an example, but it is not limited thereto. Similarly, the material of the housing 211 can be SPCC carbon steel, and the tensile strength Rm of SPCC carbon steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 380 MPa to 430 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 396 MPa is taken as an example; the material of the housing 211 can be SUS430 stainless steel, and the tensile strength Rm of SUS430 stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 450 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 459 MPa is taken as an example; the material of the housing 211 can be SUS304 stainless steel, and the tensile strength Rm of SUS304 stainless steel at room temperature of 25°C is usually at least 520 MPa. In the above embodiments, only 533 MPa, 625 MPa, and 763 MPa are taken as examples.

[0424] According to Table 5 above, in the above Embodiments 1-12, the Rm and T of the third housing wall 2112 of the housing 211 satisfy: 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 Mpa, 0.05 mm ≤ T ≤ 0.5 mm, and 60 mm·MPa ≤ T×Rm ≤ 500 mm·MPa. The failure fatigue life of the battery cell 20 can reach more than one thousand times to meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20. Moreover, even if the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 is set to be small, the failure fatigue life of the battery cell 20 can still reach more than one thousand times, and setting the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 to be small can also increase the energy density of the battery 10. However, in the two comparative examples, the structural strength of the third housing wall 2112 is insufficient, and both Rm and T×Rm do not meet the above values. Even if the average thickness T of the third housing wall 2112 is large, the failure fatigue life of the battery cell 20 cannot reach one thousand times and cannot meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20.

[0425] In some embodiments, the capacity of the battery cell is C, and C satisfies: 25 Ah ≤ C ≤ 550 Ah. On the one hand, increasing the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can increase the capacity density of the battery 10 including a plurality of such battery cells 20. Or, when the total capacity of the battery 10 remains unchanged, if the capacity C of a single battery cell 20 is increased, the number of battery cells 20 provided can be reduced, and correspondingly, the number of electrical connections between a plurality of battery cells 20 can also be reduced, reducing the probability of electrical connection failures and helping to improve the reliability of the battery. Moreover, when the capacity C of the battery cell 20 is relatively large, the tensile strength Rm of at least part of the housing 211 can be increased under the condition of normal temperature of 25 °C to meet the requirements of the high-capacity battery cell 20 for the structural strength of the housing 211, thereby further improving the reliability and service life of the battery cell 20. On the other hand, if the battery cell 20 has a large capacity, the reaction inside it will intensify, thereby increasing the requirements for the structural strength of the housing 211. Therefore, the capacity C of the battery cell 20 should not be too large to limit the design requirements for the structural strength of the housing 211, which can also reduce the material selection difficulty and processing difficulty of the battery cell 20, reduce costs and improve processing efficiency.

[0426] It should be understood that the value range of the capacity C of the battery cell 20 in the embodiments of the present application can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can be reasonably selected according to the actual requirements of the battery 10. In some embodiments, the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can be further set to satisfy: 100 Ah ≤ C ≤ 300 Ah. Appropriately increasing the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can increase the energy density of the battery 10; at the same time, the capacity C of the battery cell 20 should not be too large to balance the relationship between the capacity C of the battery cell 20 and the structural strength of the housing 211, and improve the reliability and service life of the battery cell 20.

[0427] Furthermore, the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can also satisfy: 150 Ah ≤ C ≤ 250 Ah. Further restricting the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can not only increase the energy density of the battery 10, but also increase the structural strength of the housing 211, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the battery cell 20 and the battery 10.

[0428] In some embodiments, the value of the capacity C of the battery cell 20 of the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 25 Ah, 30 Ah, 35 Ah, 40 Ah, 45 Ah, 50 Ah, 55 Ah, 60 Ah, 65 Ah, 70 Ah, 75 Ah, 80 Ah, 85 Ah, 90 Ah, 95 Ah, 100 Ah, 130 Ah, 150 Ah, 180 Ah, 200 Ah, 230 Ah, 250 Ah, 280 Ah, 300 Ah, 330 Ah, 350 Ah, 380 Ah, 400 Ah, 430 Ah, 450 Ah, 480 Ah, 500 Ah, 530 Ah, and 550 Ah.

[0429] It should be understood that the capacity C of the battery cell 20 of the embodiments of the present application represents the amount of electricity output when the battery cell 20 is fully charged and discharged to the cut-off voltage under specified discharge conditions. The test method for the capacity C of the battery cell 20 can be selected according to actual applications. For example, GB / T 31467.1 can be used for the discharge test to determine the capacity C of the battery cell 20, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0430] The following is a comparative description through multiple comparative examples and multiple embodiments. Specifically, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples are all in the form of Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown rectangular shell batteries, where the housing 211 has a hollow structure with one end open.

[0431] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the preparation methods of the positive electrode plate 223, negative electrode plate 224, electrolyte, and separator 225 of the battery cell 20 are as follows.

[0432] 1. Preparation of the positive electrode plate 223

[0433] Mix the positive active material LiNi 0.95 Co 0.04 Mn 0.01 O 2 , conductive agent Super P, and binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) to form a positive electrode slurry, where the solid content in the positive electrode slurry is 50 wt%, and in the solid components, LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2, The mass ratio of Super P, PVDF is 8:1:1. The positive electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector aluminum foil, dried at 85 °C, then cold-pressed, and after trimming, slicing, and slitting, it is dried in a vacuum at 85 °C for 4 h to make the positive electrode plate 223.

[0434] 2. Preparation of the negative electrode plate 224

[0435] The negative electrode active material is mixed evenly with the conductive agent Super P, the thickening agent carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in deionized water to make the negative electrode slurry. The negative electrode active material includes graphite and silicon-based materials, and the silicon-based material is silicon oxide. The solid content in the negative electrode slurry is 30 wt%. The mass ratio of the negative electrode active material, silicon suboxide, Super P, CMC, and the binder styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in the solid components is 88:7:3:2. The negative electrode slurry is coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the current collector copper foil and dried at 85 °C, then cold-pressed, trimmed, sliced, and slit, and then dried in a vacuum at 120 °C for 12 h to make the negative electrode plate 224.

[0436] 3. Preparation of the electrolyte

[0437] In an argon atmosphere glove box (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), the fully dried electrolyte salt LiPF6 is dissolved in a mixed solvent (the mixed solvent includes ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) are mixed in a mass ratio of 50:50), and after mixing evenly, an electrolyte with a concentration of 1 mol / L is obtained.

[0438] 4. Preparation of the separator 225

[0439] A 16-μm polyethylene film is used as the separator 225.

[0440] 5. Preparation of the lithium-ion battery single cell 20

[0441] The positive electrode plate 223, the separator 225, and the negative electrode plate 224 are stacked in sequence, with the separator 225 placed between the positive electrode plate 223 and the negative electrode plate 224 to isolate the positive and negative electrodes, and then wound to obtain a bare battery core. The electrode tabs are welded, the bare battery core is placed in a casing made of different materials, and the above-prepared electrolyte is injected into the dried casing, followed by encapsulation, standing, formation, shaping, capacity testing, etc., to complete the preparation of the lithium-ion battery single cell 20.

[0442] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the tensile strength of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 at a temperature of 25°C is Rm, and different materials are selected for the housing 211 to obtain different tensile strengths Rm; the capacity of the battery cell 20 is C; the specific parameter settings are shown in Table 6 below. In addition, in each embodiment and comparative example, the material of all regions of the housing 211 is the same, and the tensile strength Rm of the housing 211 at 25°C is measured by the method specified in GB / T 228.1-2010. Moreover, the battery cells 20 in the following embodiments and comparative examples have the same other setting conditions except for the different parameter settings shown in Table 6. For example, the wall thickness of the wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20 in each embodiment is 0.15 mm; for another example, the chemical system of the battery cell 20 in each embodiment is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary system.

[0443] Table 6

[0444] Rm (MPa) C (Ah) Shell material Test results Comparative Example 1 177 500 Aluminum Shell cracking Comparative Example 2 190 100 Aluminum Shell cracking Example 1 393 500 Low-carbon steel Shell intact Example 2 394 300 Low-carbon steel Shell intact Example 3 390 100 Low-carbon steel Shell intact Example 4 851 500 Stainless steel Shell intact Example 5 854 300 Stainless steel Shell intact Example 6 845 100 Stainless steel Shell intact

[0445] Comparing the two comparative examples and the six embodiments in Table 6 above, it can be seen that different tensile strengths Rm can be determined corresponding to different materials used for the housing 211. When the tensile strength Rm satisfies 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa and the capacity C of the battery cell 20 satisfies 25 Ah ≤ C ≤ 550 Ah, for example, in Embodiments 1-6, the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 does not crack, so the structural strength of the housing 211 can be used for battery cells 20 with a larger capacity and can meet the design requirements of the battery cell 20. However, when the tensile strength Rm does not satisfy 250 MPa ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa, for example, in Comparative Examples 1-2, the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 cracks, and thus the design requirements of the battery cell 20 cannot be met.

[0446] It should be understood that in order to meet the above design requirements, the material of at least part of the region of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application can be flexibly selected according to actual applications.

[0447] In some embodiments, the material of at least part of the region of the housing 211 includes at least one of the following: steel, copper alloy, titanium alloy, and nickel alloy. These materials have relatively high strength, can meet the strength requirements of the housing 211, are easy to process, and have low costs.

[0448] In some embodiments, the material of at least part of the housing 211 includes at least one of the following: stainless steel, carbon steel, and high-strength alloy steel. For example, if the housing 211 is made of stainless steel, it has relatively high structural strength and can generally meet the requirements for the tensile strength Rm at normal temperature, the yield strength Re at normal temperature, the tensile strength Rn at high temperature, and the melting point p. For example, the melting point of stainless steel is usually between 1400 °C and 1500 °C. Moreover, the housing 211 made of stainless steel is not prone to rusting, and compared with other materials, it can extend the service life of the housing 211.

[0449] If the housing 211 is made of carbon steel, it has high structural strength and can easily meet the requirements for the tensile strength Rm at normal temperature, the yield strength Re at normal temperature, the tensile strength Rn at high temperature, and the melting point p. For example, the melting point of carbon steel is usually between 1425 °C and 1525 °C. Additionally, considering that carbon steel may be prone to corrosion during use, nickel can be plated on the outer surface of the carbon steel housing 211. For example, the thickness of the nickel plating layer is usually 1 μm to 10 μm to protect the surface of the housing 211 from oxidation and corrosion, thereby extending the service life of the housing 211.

[0450] The housing 211 can also be made of other high-strength alloy steel materials to effectively improve the structural strength of the housing 211. For example, when the requirement for the structural strength of the housing 211 is relatively high, high-strength alloy steel materials can be selected, which can easily meet the requirements for the tensile strength Rm at normal temperature, the yield strength Re at normal temperature, the tensile strength Rn at high temperature, and the melting point p.

[0451] In some embodiments, when steel is used in at least part of the housing 211, the steel types can include at least one of the following: SPCC, Q195, Q215, Q235, SUS 304, SUS 316, and other modified stainless steels. These steels are easily obtainable, their strength can meet the design requirements, and the cost is relatively low. For example, the approximate values of the tensile strength Rm at normal temperature of 25 °C, the yield strength Re at normal temperature of 25 °C, the tensile strength Rn at high temperature of 500 °C, and the melting point p of different steels can be seen in Table 7 below.

[0452] Table 7

[0453]

[0454] It should be understood that other materials can also be selected for at least part of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application. For example, different materials can be reasonably selected according to the mass content of different elements in the material and the role played by the element.

[0455] In some embodiments, the mass content of chromium element in the material of at least part of the housing 211 is m, and m satisfies: 10% ≤ m ≤ 30%. Appropriately increasing the chromium element in the material of at least part of the housing 211 can increase the melting point and strength of the material, making it easy to meet the requirements of the tensile strength Rm at normal temperature, the yield strength Re at normal temperature, the tensile strength Rn at high temperature, and the melting point p in the embodiments of the present application. In addition, since chromium element can react with oxygen to form a dense chromium oxide film, a corrosion-resistant protective film can also be formed on the surface of the housing 211, improving the corrosion resistance of the housing 211.

[0456] In some embodiments, the mass content of nickel element in the material of at least part of the housing 211 is n, and n satisfies 8% ≤ n ≤ 25%. Appropriately increasing the nickel element in the material of at least part of the housing 211 can increase the structural strength and plasticity of the housing 211. For example, it can increase the tensile strength Rm at normal temperature, the yield strength Re at normal temperature, and the tensile strength Rn at high temperature, and can also provide the corrosion resistance of the material.

[0457] In some embodiments, taking the housing 211 made of steel as an example, the mass contents of different elements included in different types of steel are different. For example, for stainless steel materials, the mass content of iron element is one of the basic elements of stainless steel, and its mass content is usually between 60% and 70%. For another example, Table 8 shows the mass contents of different elements of several types of steel, where the values in Table 8 are the maximum values of the mass percentages of each element in the material, that is, the mass percentages of each element in the corresponding application are usually not greater than the values shown in Table 8.

[0458] Table 8

[0459]

[0460] It should be understood that when at least part of the housing 211 is made of steel, if the mass content of carbon element in the steel is increased, the strength and hardness of the steel can be improved. For example, generally, the higher the carbon content, the higher the hardness and strength of the steel, but the corrosion resistance may be reduced.

[0461] If the mass content of chromium element in the steel is increased, since chromium element can react with oxygen to form a dense chromium oxide film, forming a corrosion-resistant protective film on the surface of the steel, the corrosion resistance of the steel can be improved.

[0462] If the mass content of nickel element in the steel is increased, the corrosion resistance, strength, and plasticity of the steel can be improved.

[0463] If the mass content of molybdenum element in the steel is increased, the corrosion resistance and strength of the steel can be improved, especially in corrosive media such as acids and salts.

[0464] If the mass content of manganese element in the steel is increased, the toughness and fatigue resistance of the steel can be increased.

[0465] If the mass content of silicon element in the steel is increased, the corrosion resistance and strength of the stainless steel can be increased.

[0466] If the mass content of phosphorus element and sulfur element in the steel is reduced, the negative impacts of these two elements on the corrosion resistance, plasticity and toughness of the steel can be reduced.

[0467] In addition, other elements can also be provided in the steel. For example, the steel can also include copper element. For example, the mass content of copper element in Q195, Q215 and Q235 is generally not more than 0.3%, while that in the modified stainless steel is generally not more than 2% to 3.5%. For another example, the steel can also include nitrogen element. For example, the mass content of nitrogen element in Q195, Q215 and Q235 is generally not more than 0.12%.

[0468] It should be understood that the test method for the mass content of each element of the above steel in the embodiments of the present application can be set according to actual applications. For example, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, that is, inductively coupled plasma technology (ICP) can be used for testing, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0469] Figure 19 FIG. shows a partial structural schematic diagram of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application. For example, this Figure 19 can be Figure 18 a partial enlarged view of the area A' shown. As Figure 19 shown, the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application is a multi-layer structure, and the material of the outermost housing 2117 of the housing 211 includes at least one of the following: aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy and chromium.

[0470] It should be understood that the housing 211 of the embodiments of the present application is a multi-layer structure, that is, for any wall of the housing 211, multiple layers of structures are stacked along the thickness direction of the wall, so that the housing 211 is a multi-layer structure. Moreover, the installation method between the multi-layer structures of the housing 211 can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, multiple single-layer housing structures with different sizes but basically the same shape can be processed first. For example, each single-layer housing structure is a hollow structure with an opening; then the housing structures with relatively larger sizes among the multiple single-layer housing structures are sequentially sleeved outside the housing structures with relatively smaller sizes, so that the multiple single-layer housing structures can be combined into a multi-layer housing 211. For another example, an approximately plate-shaped structure with a multi-layer structure can also be processed first; then multiple such plate-shaped structures are spliced and combined with each other, and a multi-layer housing 211 can also be formed, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0471] It should be understood that the outermost housing 2117 of the housing 211 of the embodiments of the present application includes the outermost structure of each wall of the housing 211, that is, the outermost housing 2117 is a layer of housing structure including the outer surface of the housing 211.

[0472] In the embodiments of the present application, the material of the outermost housing 2117 of the housing 211 may include at least one of the following: aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, and chromium. Among them, when the material of the outermost housing 2117 contains aluminum, the aluminum will be oxidized into dense aluminum oxide, which can prevent corrosion; when the material of the outermost housing 2117 contains copper, the copper will be oxidized into copper oxide, that is, verdigris, which can prevent corrosion; when the material of the outermost housing 2117 contains chromium, the chromium will be oxidized into chromium oxide, which can also prevent corrosion. Therefore, when the material of the outermost housing 2117 adopts the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant materials, the other housing layers located inside it can be protected by the outermost housing 2117, which can not only improve the structural stability of the housing 211, but also improve the service life of the housing 211.

[0473] It should be understood that the specific thickness of the outermost housing 2117 of the embodiments of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the thickness of the outermost housing 2117 can be set according to a certain ratio based on the thickness of the housing 211.

[0474] In some embodiments, the average thickness of the outermost shell 2117 is T11, and the average thickness of the shell 211 is T10. T11 and T10 satisfy: 0.15 ≤ T11 / T10 ≤ 0.5. If the ratio T11 / T10 is set too small, since the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 is limited, the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 will be very small. On the one hand, it will increase the processing difficulty, and on the other hand, it will also reduce the anti-corrosion effect of the outermost shell 2117, thereby affecting the structural reliability of the shell 211. Conversely, if the ratio T11 / T10 is set too large, the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 will be very large, while the thickness of the other layers of the shell 211 except the outermost shell 2117 will be very small. However, the structural strength of the outermost shell 2117 may be insufficient. Especially after it is oxidized, its deformation ability is poor. In the case where its average thickness T11 is large, it will affect the overall structural strength of the shell 211, thereby reducing the stability of the shell 211.

[0475] Further, T11 and T10 satisfy: 0.15 ≤ T11 / T10 ≤ 0.4. Appropriately reducing the maximum value of the ratio T11 / T10 and increasing the minimum value of the ratio T11 / T10 can limit the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 from being too large or too small, which can not only improve the anti-corrosion effect, but also improve the structural strength and structural stability of the shell 211.

[0476] Further, T11 and T10 satisfy: 0.2 ≤ T11 / T10 ≤ 0.3, so as to better improve the anti-corrosion effect, as well as the stability and reliability of the shell 211.

[0477] In some embodiments, the value of the ratio T11 / T10 of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 to the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 in the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the ratio T11 / T10 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.15, 0.18, 0.2, 0.23, 0.25, 0.28, 0.3, 0.33, 0.35, 0.38, 0.4, 0.43, 0.45, 0.48, and 0.5.

[0478] It should be understood that the value range of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 satisfies: 0.05 mm ≤ T10 ≤ 0.5 mm. The value of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 should not be too small to reduce the processing difficulty of the multi-layer housing 211 and improve the structural strength of the housing 211. For example, the housing 211 is not easily broken, thereby improving the service life of the housing 211. On the contrary, the value of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 should not be too large so that the space occupied by the housing 211 is less, improving the space utilization rate of the battery cell 20, and thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10 provided with a plurality of battery cells 20.

[0479] Further, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 satisfies: 0.075 mm ≤ T10 ≤ 0.4 mm. Appropriately thinning the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 inside the battery 10, and thereby improve the energy density of the battery 10; while appropriately increasing the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can also reduce the processing difficulty of the housing 211.

[0480] Further, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 satisfies: 0.1 mm ≤ T10 ≤ 0.3 mm. The average thickness T10 of the housing 211 is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the structural strength and structural stability of the housing 211, but also reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 inside the battery 10, and thereby improve the energy density of the battery 10.

[0481] In some embodiments, the value of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.05 mm, 0.075 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.125 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.175 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.225 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.275 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.325 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.375 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.425 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.475 mm, and 0.5 mm.

[0482] It should be understood that the value range of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 in the embodiments of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, T11 satisfies: 0.015 mm ≤ T11 ≤ 0.25 mm. The average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 should not be too small to reduce the processing difficulty, improve the anti-corrosion effect of the outermost shell 2117, and further improve the structural reliability of the shell 211. On the contrary, the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 should not be too large. Considering that after the outermost shell 2117 is oxidized, its deformation ability is poor. When its average thickness T11 is too large, it will affect the deformation ability of the overall structure of the shell 211, and further reduce the reliability and stability of the shell 211.

[0483] Furthermore, the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 can also satisfy: 0.05 mm ≤ T11 ≤ 0.2 mm. Appropriately increasing the minimum value of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 can improve the anti-corrosion effect of the outermost shell 2117; appropriately reducing the maximum value of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 can improve the deformation ability of the overall structure of the shell 211, and further improve the reliability and stability of the shell 211.

[0484] Furthermore, the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 can also satisfy: 0.075 mm ≤ T11 ≤ 0.15 mm. It can not only improve the anti-corrosion effect of the outermost shell 2117, but also improve the deformation ability of the overall structure of the shell 211, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the shell 211.

[0485] In some embodiments, the value of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 in the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.015 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.025 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.035 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.045 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.055 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.065 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.075 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.085 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.095 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.24 mm, and 0.25 mm.

[0486] It should be understood that the thickness of the inner shell 2118 of the shell 211 in the embodiments of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. Here, the inner shell 2118 is any layer of the shell 211 except for the outermost shell 2117. Moreover, the shell 211 can include one or more inner shells 2118. In the case where the shell 211 includes multiple inner shells 2118, the thicknesses of the multiple inner shells 2118 can be the same for ease of processing, or can also be different to flexibly adjust the thicknesses of the inner shells 2118 at different positions according to actual applications. For example, as Figure 19 shown, here, taking the shell 211 including a three-layer shell structure as an example, the three-layer shell structure includes the outermost shell 2117 located on the outermost side and two inner shells 2118 located inside. The two inner shells 2118 include the innermost shell 2118b and the intermediate shell 2118a. The average thickness of the innermost shell 2118b and the average thickness of the intermediate shell 2118a can be the same or different. For example, the average thickness of the innermost shell 2118b and the average thickness of the intermediate shell 2118a can both be set to T12, and the value of T12 can be set according to the application. For example, T12 can be greater than or equal to or less than T11. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0487] It should be understood that the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the average thickness of at least part of the area of the shell 211. The average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 of the shell 211 can also refer to the average thickness of at least part of the area of the outermost shell 2117. The average thickness T12 of the inner shell 2118 of the shell 211 can also refer to the average thickness of at least part of the area of the inner shell 2118. Moreover, the calculation area of the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 is usually the same as the calculation area of the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117, and is also the same as the calculation area of the average thickness T12 of the inner shell 2118. For example, if a part of the area is excluded when calculating the average thickness T10 of the shell 211, correspondingly, the same area needs to be excluded when calculating the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117, and the same area needs to be excluded when calculating the average thickness T12 of the inner shell 2118. For the sake of convenience of description, the following takes the calculation of the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 as an example for description, but the relevant description also applies to determining the average thickness T11 of the outermost shell 2117 and the average thickness T12 of the inner shell 2118, and will not be elaborated herein one by one.

[0488] For example, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may refer to the average thickness T10 of all regions of the housing 211. In particular, when the entire surface of the housing 211 is relatively flat, that is, the thicknesses of most regions of the housing 211 are substantially equal or have a small difference, or the thicknesses of all regions of the housing 211 are substantially equal or have a small difference, then the average thickness of all regions of the housing 211 can be determined to be T10.

[0489] For another example, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may also refer to the average thickness T10 of a partial region of the housing 211, that is, the average thickness T10 of the remaining region after excluding a part of the housing 211. For example, if there are some special regions in the housing 211 and the thickness of this part of the special region is quite different from that of other regions. For example, there are raised structures or sunken regions in the thickness direction in this part of the special region, making the thickness of this part of the special region larger or smaller than that of other regions, then this part of the special region can be excluded to calculate the average thickness of the remaining region of the housing 211 as T10.

[0490] In some embodiments, the housing 211 may include functional regions, and the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 is the average thickness of the regions of the housing 211 other than the functional regions. For example, the functional regions include at least one of the following regions: a pressure relief region, the region where the electrode terminal 214 is located, a liquid injection region, and a welding region. The thickness of the functional regions usually has a large difference compared with the thickness of other regions of the housing 211. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 without including the functional regions, the design of the housing 211 can be made more in line with the strength requirements to improve the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20.

[0491] It should be understood that the functional areas in the embodiments of the present application may include areas on the housing 211 with specific structures or specific uses, and are applicable to the "functional areas" described above. For the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated one by one here. For example, the functional area may include a pressure relief area for setting a pressure relief mechanism. The pressure relief mechanism in the embodiments of the present application may be provided on any wall of the battery cell 20. For example, the pressure relief mechanism may be provided in the pressure relief area of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism may be a part of the housing 211; or, it may also be a split structure with the housing 211 and is fixed to the housing 211 by means such as welding. For example, when the pressure relief mechanism is a part of the housing 211, for example, the pressure relief mechanism may be formed by setting a notch on the housing 211, that is, the housing 211 is provided with a notch in the pressure relief area, and the thickness at the notch is significantly smaller than the thickness of other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may not include the thickness at the notch. The notch is the weakest position of the pressure relief mechanism. When the gas generated by the battery cell 20 is too much, causing the internal pressure to rise and reach the threshold, or the heat generated by the internal reaction of the battery cell 20 causes the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 to rise and reach the threshold, the pressure relief mechanism may rupture at the notch, resulting in the internal and external communication of the battery cell 20, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the crack of the pressure relief mechanism, thereby avoiding the explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0492] For another example, the pressure relief mechanism may also be a split structure with the housing 211. The pressure relief mechanism may be in the form of, for example, an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and may specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure. For example, the housing 211 is provided with a through hole in the pressure relief area, and the pressure relief mechanism is fixedly installed with the housing 211 through the through hole. After installation, the pressure relief mechanism may protrude or recess relative to other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may not include the pressure relief area where the pressure relief mechanism is located. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is damaged, thereby forming an opening or channel for discharging the internal pressure or temperature.

[0493] In some embodiments, the functional area may further include the area where the electrode terminal 214 is located. Each electrode terminal 214 in the embodiments of the present application may be provided on any wall, and a plurality of electrode terminals 214 may be provided on the same wall or different walls of the battery cell 20. For example, as Figures 3 to 4 shown, taking each battery cell 20 including two electrode terminals 214 and the two electrode terminals 214 being located on the same wall as an example, for example, the two electrode terminals 214 may both be located on the cover plate 212.

[0494] For another example, still taking each battery cell 20 including two electrode terminals 214, and the two electrode terminals 214 being located on the same wall as an example, different from Figures 3 to 4 as shown, the two electrode terminals 214 may also be located on any one wall of the housing 211. For example, the two electrode terminals 214 may both be located on the wall of the housing 211 with the smallest area. When one or more electrode terminals 214 are located on the housing 211, each electrode terminal 214 generally protrudes from other areas of the housing 211, that is, the thickness of the area where the electrode terminal 214 is located is much greater than the thickness of other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211, the areas where all the electrode terminals 214 are located may not be included.

[0495] In some embodiments, the functional area may further include a liquid injection area. For example, a liquid injection hole may be provided in the liquid injection area of the housing 211, and electrolyte is injected into the housing 211 through the liquid injection hole. After the electrolyte injection is completed, the liquid injection hole may be sealed by a seal. Considering that the thickness of the liquid injection area where the seal is located is generally much greater than the thickness of other areas of the housing 211, therefore, when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211, the liquid injection area may not be included.

[0496] In some embodiments, the functional area may further include a welding area. For example, the housing 211 and the cover plate 212 may be fixed by welding, or the housing 211 itself needs to be processed and formed by welding. For example, any two walls of the housing 211 may be welded, or the housing 211 is formed by splicing at least two parts, then the housing 211 may include a welding area. For example, the housing 211 may be welded in a splicing manner, then the housing 211 may have a weld 2113. Specifically, the housing 211 may include at least two parts, and the at least two parts are connected by welding to form the housing 211. Among them, in the embodiments of the present application, mainly taking the housing 211 including two parts along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20 as an example, there is a weld 2113 between the upper half housing and the lower half housing; or, different from Figure 4 as shown, welds 2113 may also be provided in other parts of the housing 211, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The welding area of the functional area in the embodiments of the present application may also include the weld 2113. Due to processing technology reasons, the thickness of the welding area is generally greater than the thickness of other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211, the welding area may not be included.

[0497] It should be understood that in order to further improve the structural strength and reliability of the housing 211, the inner housing 2118 of the housing 211 can be set according to actual applications. In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the inner housing 2118 of the housing 211 at 25°C is Rm1, and Rm1 satisfies: 250 MPa ≤ Rm1 ≤ 2000 MPa. By increasing the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 of the housing 211 at room temperature (25°C), the overall structural strength and stability of the housing 211 are increased; however, the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 at room temperature should not be too large, so as to reduce the difficulty of material selection for the inner housing 2118, and further reduce the processing difficulty and processing cost of the battery cell 20.

[0498] It should be understood that the value range of the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 in the embodiments of the present application at room temperature (25°C) can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the value of the room temperature tensile strength Rm1 can also satisfy 400 MPa ≤ Rm1 ≤ 1200 MPa. On the one hand, increasing the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 at room temperature can improve the deformation ability of the inner housing 2118 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, making the inner housing 2118 not easily damaged, and thus improving the structural stability and service life of the housing 211 and the battery cell 20. On the other hand, controlling the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 at room temperature not to be too large can reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the inner housing 2118, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0499] Furthermore, it can be set that the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 at room temperature satisfies 450 MPa ≤ Rm1 ≤ 800 MPa. The tensile strength Rm1 of the inner housing 2118 at room temperature is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the deformation ability of the inner housing 2118 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, but also be easy to implement and save costs.

[0500] In some embodiments, the value of the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner shell 2118 of the embodiments of the present application at normal temperature can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the normal temperature tensile strength Rm1 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 250 MPa, 280 MPa, 300 MPa, 330 MPa, 350 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 450 MPa, 500 MPa, 550 MPa, 600 MPa, 650 MPa, 700 MPa, 750 MPa, 800 MPa, 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 MPa, 1050 MPa, 1100 MPa, 1150 MPa, 1200 MPa, 1250 MPa, 1300 MPa, 1350 MPa, 1400 MPa, 1450 MPa, 1500 MPa, 1550 MPa, 1600 MPa, 1650 MPa, 1700 MPa, 1750 MPa, 1800 MPa, 1850 MPa, 1900 MPa, 1950 MPa, and 2000 MPa.

[0501] It should be understood that the tensile strength in the embodiments of the present application refers to the maximum stress value that the material can withstand before being broken. The test method for the tensile strength Rm1 of the inner shell 2118 of the embodiments of the present application at a temperature of 25 °C can be selected according to actual applications. For example, the national standard GB / T 228.1-2010 can be used to test the tensile strength Rm1 under the normal temperature condition of 25 °C.

[0502] In the above text, the cuboid battery cell 20 is mainly described as an example. In the following text, the cylindrical battery cell 20 will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Except for the different shapes, the descriptions of the cylindrical battery cell 20 in the embodiments of the present application and the rectangular battery cell 20 in the above text are mutually applicable, and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0503] Figure 20 The structural schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. For example, Figure 3 the shown battery cell 20 can be any battery cell 20 in the battery 10; Figure 21 The partial exploded structural schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. For example, Figure 21 it can be Figure 20 the partial exploded structural schematic diagram of the shown battery cell 20. Figure 22 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the shell 211 of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. For example, Figure 22 it can be Figure 20 and Figure 21 the cross-sectional views of the shell 211 of the shown battery cell 20, and this cross-section is the cross-section of the shell 211.

[0504] In the embodiment of the present application, as Figures 20 to 22 shown, the battery cell 20 includes: an electrode assembly 22, and the electrode assembly 22 includes a first tab 2221; a first electrode terminal 214a; a housing 211, the housing 211 includes a cylindrical body 211b and a cover body 211a connected to the cylindrical body 211b, the cylindrical body 211b is disposed around the outer periphery of the electrode assembly 22, the cover body 211a includes the first electrode terminal 214a, the first tab 2221 is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 214a through the cylindrical body 211b, the housing 211 is a multi-layer structure, and the resistivity of the multi-layer structure is different.

[0505] The housing 211 can be of various shapes, for example, a cylinder, a cuboid or other polyhedrons. Exemplarily, as Figures 20 to 22 shown, here the housing 211 is taken as a hollow cylindrical structure as an example for description. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the housing 211 is mainly taken as a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, and correspondingly, the cover plate 212 is a circular plate-like structure adapted to the housing 211. For the cylindrical housing 211, correspondingly, the cylindrical body 211b is a cylinder, and the cover body 211a is a circular plate-like structure.

[0506] The electrode assembly 22 in the embodiment of the present application may include a first tab 2221, and the first tab 2221 can be electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 214a through the cylindrical body 211b of the housing 211, which can simplify the structure of the battery cell 20; the housing 211 is set as a multi-layer structure, and the resistivity of the multi-layer structure is different, and the over-current capacity of the battery cell 20 can be improved through a layer structure with a lower resistivity, and the structural strength of the housing 211 can be improved through a layer structure with a higher resistivity, which can not only improve the performance of the battery cell 20, but also improve the structural strength of the battery cell 20, thereby increasing the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0507] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrode assembly 22 further includes a second tab 2222, and the second tab 2222 and the first tab 2221 have opposite polarities. Specifically, from the outer shape of the electrode assembly 22, the electrode assembly 22 includes a main body portion 221 and tabs 222, the tabs 222 include a first tab 2221 and a second tab 2222, and the first tab 2221 and the second tab 2222 protrude from the main body portion 221. The first tab 2221 is a portion of the first electrode plate where the active material layer is not coated, and the second tab 2222 is a portion of the second electrode plate where the active material layer is not coated. The first tab 2221 and the second tab 2222 are used to lead out the current in the main body portion 221.

[0508] The first pole lug 2221 and the second pole lug 2222 may extend from the same side of the main body 221, that is, the first pole lug 2221 and the second pole lug are located at the same end surface of the electrode assembly 22. Alternatively, the first pole lug 2221 and the second pole lug 2222 may extend from different sides of the main body 221, that is, the first pole lug 2221 and the second pole lug are located at different end surfaces of the electrode assembly 22. For example, the first pole lug 2221 and the second pole lug 2222 may also extend from opposite sides, that is, the first pole lug 2221 and the second pole lug 2222 are located at opposite end surfaces of the electrode assembly 22, for easy processing. Figures 20 to 22 As shown in FIG. 1 , the first pole tab 2221 and the second pole tab 2222 may be respectively disposed on both sides of the main body 221 along the first direction Z. In other words, the first pole tab 2221 and the second pole tab 2222 are respectively disposed at both ends of the electrode assembly 22 along the first direction Z. The first direction Z may be the height direction Z of the electrode assembly 22.

[0509] It should be understood that the electrode assembly 22 includes a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet and a separator, and the separator is used to separate the first electrode sheet from the second electrode sheet. The polarities of the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet are opposite. In other words, one of the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet is a positive electrode sheet 223, and the other of the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet is a negative electrode sheet 224.

[0510] The first pole piece, the second pole piece and the separator are all strip-shaped structures, and the first pole piece, the second pole piece and the separator are wound together to form a winding structure. The winding structure can be a cylindrical structure, a flat structure or a structure of other shapes.

[0511] Optionally, the first pole lug 2221 is wound around the central axis of the electrode assembly 22 for multiple turns, and the first pole lug 2221 includes multiple turns of pole lug layers. After the winding is completed, the first pole lug 2221 is generally cylindrical, and a gap is left between two adjacent turns of pole lug layers. The embodiment of the present application may process the first pole lug 2221 to reduce the gap between the pole lug layers, so as to facilitate the connection of the first pole lug 2221 with other conductive structures. For example, the embodiment of the present application may flatten the first pole lug 2221 so that the end area of ​​the first pole lug 2221 away from the main body 221 is gathered and gathered together; the flattening process forms a dense end face at the end of the first pole lug 2221 away from the main body 221, reduces the gap between the pole lug layers, and facilitates the connection of the first pole lug 2221 with other conductive structures. Alternatively, the embodiment of the present application may also fill the conductive material between two adjacent turns of pole lug layers to reduce the gap between the pole lug layers.

[0512] ​​​Optionally, the second tab 2222 is wound around the central axis of the electrode assembly 22 for multiple turns, and the second tab 2222 includes multiple tab layers. Exemplarily, the second tab 2222 has also been flattened to reduce the gap between the tab layers of the second tab 2222.

[0513] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 20 further includes: a second electrode terminal 214b, which is electrically connected to the second tab 2222, and the first electrode terminal 214a and the second electrode terminal 214b are located on the same wall of the battery cell 20 to improve the integration of the battery cell 20, improve the space utilization rate of the battery cell 20 in the battery 10, and facilitate processing and assembly.

[0514] It should be understood that the cover 211a of the embodiment of the present application includes the first electrode terminal 214a. For example, the first electrode terminal 214a can be disposed on the cover 211a, or the cover 211a can also directly serve as the first electrode terminal 214a.

[0515] In some embodiments, the cover 211a is the first electrode terminal 214a, the cover 211a is provided with an electrode lead-out hole 211c, the second electrode terminal 214b is insulatingly disposed on the cover 211a and installed in the electrode lead-out hole 211c, and one of the cover 211a and the second electrode terminal 214b is the positive output pole of the battery cell, and the other is the negative output pole of the battery cell. At least a part of the housing 211 itself can be used as an output electrode of the battery cell 20, thus eliminating a traditional electrode terminal and being able to simplify the structure of the battery cell 20. When multiple battery cells 20 are assembled into a group, the housing 211 can be electrically connected to the busbar component, which can not only increase the current-carrying area but also make the structural design of the busbar component more flexible.

[0516] For the convenience of description, the following mainly takes the cover 211a as the first electrode terminal 214a as an example, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0517] Figure 23 FIG. is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the battery 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application, and the battery 10 may include multiple battery cells 20; Figure 24 FIG. is another partial cross-sectional schematic view of the battery 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application. For example, the Figure 24 may be Figure 23 an enlarged schematic view of the battery 10 shown in FIG. at region B'.

[0518] As Figures 20 to 24As shown, the cover body 211a is provided with an electrode lead-out hole 211c, and at least a part of the cover body 211a is used for electrically connecting the first connection member 81 and the first tab 2221 of the battery 10; the second electrode terminal 214b is used for electrically connecting the second connection member 82 and the second tab 2222 of the battery 10. The second electrode terminal 214b is insulated and arranged on the cover body 211a and installed in the electrode lead-out hole 211c. One of the cover body 211a and the second electrode terminal 214b is the positive output pole of the battery cell 20, and the other is the negative output pole of the battery cell 20.

[0519] The cover body 211a is electrically connected to the cylindrical body 211b, and the cover body 211a and the cylindrical body 211b may have the same polarity.

[0520] It should be understood that the cover body 211a and the cylindrical body 211b of the embodiment of the present application may be an integrally formed structure, that is, the housing 211 is an integrally formed member. In this way, the connection process between the cover body 211a and the cylindrical body 211b can be omitted. For example, the housing 211 can be formed by a stretching process. Of course, the cover body 211a and the cylindrical body 211b can also be two separately provided members, and then connected together by welding, riveting, bonding, etc. The embodiment of the present application mainly takes the cover body 211a and the cylindrical body 211b as an integrally formed structure as an example.

[0521] The housing 211 of the embodiment of the present application can be a hollow structure with one end open. Specifically, the cylindrical body 211b has an opening 211d at the end facing away from the cover body 211a. The battery cell 20 further includes a cover plate 212, and the cover plate 212 covers the opening 211d of the cylindrical body 211b to close the opening 211d of the cylindrical body 211b. The cover plate 212 can be of various structures. For example, the cover plate 212 is a plate-like structure.

[0522] In some embodiments, the cover body 211a is provided with an electrode lead-out hole 211c, and the area of the cover body 211a other than the electrode lead-out hole 211c includes an area for welding with the first connection member 81, that is, the cover body 211a can be welded to the first connection member 81 to form a first welding part W1. Exemplarily, during welding, the laser acts on the surface of the first connection member 81 facing away from the cover body 211a, and the laser melts and connects a part of the first connection member 81 and a part of the cover body 211a to form the first welding part W1.

[0523] The electrode lead-out hole 211c penetrates the cover body 211a to facilitate the extraction of electrical energy in the electrode assembly 22 to the outside of the housing 211. Exemplarily, the electrode lead-out hole 211c penetrates the cover body 211a along the first direction Z.

[0524] The electrode lead-out hole 211c of the embodiment of the present application is formed after the stretching and forming of the housing 211. For example, in this embodiment, an opening process is used to form the electrode lead-out hole 211c for installing the second electrode terminal 214b on the cover body 211a, so as to set the positive output electrode and the negative output electrode at one end of the battery cell 20 away from the opening of the housing 211; the cover body 211a is formed during the forming process of the housing 211, and the flatness can be ensured after the electrode lead-out hole 211c is opened, and the connection strength between the cover body 211a and the first connection member 81 can be ensured. At the same time, the flatness of the cover body 211a is not restricted by its own size, so the cover body 211a can have a larger size, thereby improving the over-current capacity of the battery cell 20.

[0525] In some embodiments, the cylindrical body 211b is cylindrical, the electrode lead-out hole 211c is a circular hole, and the central axis of the cylindrical body 211b and the central axis of the electrode lead-out hole 211c are arranged to coincide. The "coincident arrangement" does not require the central axis of the cylindrical body 211b and the central axis of the electrode lead-out hole 211c to be absolutely completely coincident, and there can be deviations allowed by the process.

[0526] The electrode lead-out hole 211c can be used to define the position of the second electrode terminal 214b. In this embodiment, the central axis of the electrode lead-out hole 211c is arranged to coincide with the central axis of the cylindrical body 211b, so that at least part of the second electrode terminal 214b can be located at the central position of the cover body 211a. In this way, when multiple battery cells 20 are assembled into a group, the requirement for the position accuracy of the second electrode terminal 214b can be reduced, the assembly process can be simplified, and the assembly efficiency can be improved.

[0527] The central axis of the electrode assembly 22 is a virtual straight line, which is parallel to the first direction Z. The central axis of the electrode assembly 22 can pass through the electrode lead-out hole 211c or can be arranged to be offset from the electrode lead-out hole 211c. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0528] The first tab 2221 is electrically connected to the cover body 211a. The first tab 2221 can be directly electrically connected to the cover body 211a or can be indirectly electrically connected to the cover body 211a through other conductive structures. For example, the first tab 2221 can be electrically connected to the cover body 211a through the cylindrical body 211b.

[0529] The second tab 2222 is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 214b. The second tab 2222 can be directly electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 214b or can be indirectly electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 214b through other conductive structures. For example, the second tab 2222 can be electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 214b through the current collector member 23.

[0530] The second electrode terminal 214b is insulated and disposed on the cover 211a. Therefore, the second electrode terminal 214b and the cover 211a can have different polarities, and the second electrode terminal 214b and the cover 211a can serve as different output poles.

[0531] The second electrode terminal 214b is fixed to the cover 211a. The second electrode terminal 214b can be integrally fixed on the outer side of the cover 211a, or can extend into the interior of the housing 211 through the electrode lead-out hole 211c.

[0532] When the first tab 2221 is a negative electrode tab and the second tab 2222 is a positive electrode tab, the cover 211a is the negative output pole of the battery cell 20, and the second electrode terminal 214b is the positive output pole of the battery cell 20. When the first tab 2221 is a positive electrode tab and the second tab 2222 is a negative electrode tab, the cover 211a is the positive output pole of the battery cell 20, and the second electrode terminal 214b is the negative output pole of the battery cell 20.

[0533] In the battery 10, a plurality of battery cells 20 are electrically connected through a current collecting member. The current collecting member includes a first connecting member 81 and a second connecting member 82. The first connecting member 81 is used to connect to the cover 211a of the battery cell 20, and the second connecting member 82 is used to connect to the second electrode terminal 214b of the battery cell 20.

[0534] The first connecting member 81 can be connected to the cover 211a by welding, bonding or other means to achieve the electrical connection between the first connecting member 81 and the cover 211a. The second connecting member 82 can be connected to the second electrode terminal 214b by welding, bonding, riveting or other means to achieve the electrical connection between the second connecting member 82 and the second electrode terminal 214b.

[0535] Exemplarily, the first connecting member 81 connects the cover 211a of one battery cell 20 and the second electrode terminal 214b of another battery cell 20, and the second connecting member 82 connects the second electrode terminal 214b of this one battery cell 20 and the cover 211a of yet another battery cell 20. In this way, the first connecting member 81 and the second connecting member 82 connect three battery cells 20 in series.

[0536] In this embodiment, by using the cover 211a and the second electrode terminal 214b as output poles, the structure of the battery cell 20 can be simplified and the over-current capacity of the battery cell 20 can be ensured. The cover 211a and the second electrode terminal 214b are located at the same end of the battery cell 20. In this way, the first connecting member 81 and the second connecting member 82 can be assembled on the same side of the battery cell 20, which can simplify the assembly process and improve the efficiency of assembling a plurality of battery cells 20 into a group.

[0537] It should be understood that, as Figures 20 to 24 shown, the second electrode terminal 214b of the embodiment of the present application includes a terminal body 2141. Further, the terminal body 2141 can be fixed to the cover body 211a by riveting. For example, at least a part of the terminal body 2141 is located within the electrode lead-out hole 211c, and both ends of the terminal body 2141 are riveted to the electrode lead-out hole 211c.

[0538] In some embodiments, the terminal body 2141 can be provided with a recess, which recess is recessed from the outer surface of the terminal body 2141 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The bottom of the recess is used for welding to the current collector member 23.

[0539] When the electrode assembly 22 and the current collector member 23 are installed into the housing 211 through the opening 211d of the cylinder body 211b, and the current collector member 23 abuts against the cover body 211a, an external welding device can weld the bottom of the recess and the current collector member 23 from a side of the bottom of the recess facing away from the current collector member 23.

[0540] In this embodiment, by providing the recess, the thickness of the terminal body 2141 is reduced, so that the welding power required for welding the bottom of the recess and the current collector member 23 can be reduced, heat generation can be reduced, and the risk of other components (such as the first insulating member 61 and the second insulating member 60) being burned can be reduced.

[0541] In some embodiments, the second electrode terminal 214b further includes a sealing plate 2142, and the sealing plate 2142 is used to close the opening of the recess. The sealing plate 2142 can be entirely located outside the recess, or can be partially received within the recess, as long as the sealing plate 2142 can close the opening of the recess. The sealing plate 2142 can protect the recess from the outside, reduce external impurities entering the recess, reduce the risk of the bottom of the recess being damaged by external impurities, and improve the sealing performance of the battery cell 20.

[0542] In some embodiments, the sealing plate 2142 is used to be welded to the second connecting member 82 to form a second welding portion W2. The second welding portion W2 can reduce the contact resistance between the sealing plate 2142 and the second connecting member 82 and improve the overcurrent capacity.

[0543] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the sealing plate 2142 protrudes from the outer surface of the terminal body 2141. When welding the second connecting member 82 and the sealing plate 2142 is required, first, the second connecting member 82 is fitted to the upper surface of the sealing plate 2142 (i.e., the surface of the sealing plate 2142 facing away from the recess), and then the second connecting member 82 and the sealing plate 2142 are welded. At least a portion of the sealing plate 2142 protrudes from the outer surface of the terminal body 2141 to prevent the outer surface of the terminal body 2141 from interfering with the fitting of the sealing plate 2142 and the second connecting member 82, ensuring a tight fit between the second connecting member 82 and the sealing plate 2142.

[0544] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 20 further includes: a first insulating member 61 for insulating at least a portion of the second electrode terminal 214b from the cover body 211a. Exemplarily, at least a portion of the first insulating member 61 is clamped between the cover body 211a and the second electrode terminal 214b to insulate the cover body 211a and the second electrode terminal 214b from each other, reducing the risk of short circuit.

[0545] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 20 further includes a second insulating member 60 located between the cover body 211a and the electrode assembly 22. Specifically, the second insulating member 60 can separate the electrode assembly 22 from the cover body 211a, reducing the risk of contact conduction between the electrode assembly 22 and the cover body 211a when the battery cell 20 vibrates, and improving the safety performance.

[0546] In some embodiments, at least one of the first insulating member 61 and the second insulating member 60 can be used to seal the electrode lead-out hole 211c. In other embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes a sealing ring 62 sleeved on the second electrode terminal 214b and used to seal the electrode lead-out hole 211c. Optionally, a portion of the sealing ring 62 extends into the electrode lead-out hole 211c to separate the hole wall of the electrode lead-out hole 211c from the second electrode terminal 214b.

[0547] In some embodiments, the second tab 2222 is provided at one end of the electrode assembly 22 facing the cover body 211a, and the first tab 2221 is provided at the other end of the electrode assembly 22 facing away from the cover body 211a. The cylindrical body 211b is used to connect the first tab 2221 and the cover body 211a so that the first tab 2221 is electrically connected to the cover body 211a.

[0548] The cylindrical body 211b can be directly electrically connected to the first tab 2221 or can be electrically connected to the first tab 2221 through other components. For example, the first tab 2221 is electrically connected to the cylindrical body 211b through the cover plate 212.

[0549] In the embodiments of the present application, the first tab 2221 and the second tab 2222 are provided at both ends of the electrode assembly 22, which can reduce the risk of conduction between the first tab 2221 and the second tab 2222, and increase the current-carrying area of the first tab 2221 and the current-carrying area of the second tab 2222.

[0550] In some embodiments, the first tab 2221 is a negative tab, and the base material of the housing 211 is steel. The housing 211 is electrically connected to the negative tab, that is, the housing 211 is in a low-potential state. The steel housing 211 is not easily corroded by the electrolyte in the low-potential state, so as to reduce the safety risk.

[0551] In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes a current collector member 23 for connecting the second tab 2222 and the second electrode terminal 214b. The current collector member 23 can be connected to the second tab 2222 by means of welding, abutting or bonding, etc., and connected to the second electrode terminal 214b by means of welding, abutting, bonding, riveting, etc., so as to realize the electrical connection between the second tab 2222 and the second electrode terminal 214b.

[0552] In the first direction Z, the second electrode terminal 214b is disposed opposite to the middle region of the second tab 2222. If the second electrode terminal 214b and the second tab 2222 are directly connected, then the conduction path between the edge region of the second tab 2222 and the second electrode terminal 214b will be relatively long, resulting in uneven current density of the second electrode plate of the electrode assembly 22, increasing the internal resistance, and affecting the over-current capacity and charging efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0553] The current collector member 23 in the embodiments of the present application may have a large connection area with the second tab 2222, and the current of the second tab 2222 can flow into the second electrode terminal 214b via the current collector member 23. In this way, the current collector member 23 can reduce the difference in the conduction path between different regions of the second tab 2222 and the second electrode terminal 214b, improve the uniformity of the current density of the second electrode plate, reduce the internal resistance, and improve the over-current capacity and charging efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0554] It should be understood that the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application is a multi-layer structure, that is, both the cylinder 211b and the cover 211a of the housing 211 are multi-layer structures. For the convenience of description, the housing 211 in the following text includes both the cylinder 211b and the cover 211a.

[0555] In the embodiments of the present application, the housing 211 includes a first housing layer 2115, and the resistivity of the first housing layer 2115 is K1, and K1 satisfies: 1×10^-8 Ω·m ≤ K1 ≤ 6×10^-8 Ω·m. Wherein, the first housing layer 2115 is any one layer of the multi-layer housing 211. For example, Figure 22Taking the innermost shell as the first shell layer 2115 as an example, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. By setting the resistivity K1 of the first shell layer 2115 included in the shell 211 to be small, the overcurrent capacity of the shell 211 can be improved, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0556] In some embodiments, the resistivity K1 of the first shell layer 2115 can also satisfy 1×10^-8 Ω·m ≤ K1 ≤ 2.8×10^-8 Ω·m. This can not only improve the overcurrent capacity and performance of the shell 211, but also facilitate implementation. In some embodiments, the value of the resistivity K1 of the first shell layer 2115 can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the resistivity K1 of the first shell layer 2115 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 1×10^-8 Ω·m, 1.3×10^-8 Ω·m, 1.5×10^-8 Ω·m, 1.8×10^-8 Ω·m, 2×10^-8 Ω·m, 2.3×10^-8 Ω·m, 2.5×10^-8 Ω·m, 2.8×10^-8 Ω·m, 3×10^-8 Ω·m, 3.3×10^-8 Ω·m, 3.5×10^-8 Ω·m, 3.8×10^-8 Ω·m, 4×10^-8 Ω·m, 4.3×10^-8 Ω·m, 4.5×10^-8 Ω·m, 4.8×10^-8 Ω·m, 5×10^-8 Ω·m, 5.3×10^-8 Ω·m, 5.5×10^-8 Ω·m, 5.8 and 6×10^-8 Ω·m.

[0557] It should be understood that the specific thickness of the first shell layer 2115 in the embodiments of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the thickness of the first shell layer 2115 can be set according to a certain ratio based on the thickness of the shell 211.

[0558] In some embodiments, the average thickness of the first shell layer 2115 is T13, and the average thickness of the shell 211 is T10. T13 and T10 satisfy: 0.15 ≤ T13 / T10 ≤ 0.85. If T13 / T10 is set too small, when the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 is certain, T13 will be too small, which will increase the processing difficulty and also make the overcurrent heat too large, easily leading to thermal runaway. On the contrary, if T13 / T10 is set too large, when the average thickness T10 of the shell 211 is certain, T13 will be too large, then the thickness of other structural layers will be too small, which will affect the structural strength of the shell 211.

[0559] Furthermore, T13 and T10 satisfy: 0.2 ≤ T13 / T10 ≤ 0.6. This can not only improve the current-carrying capacity of the housing 211, but also improve the structural strength of the housing 211. In some embodiments, the value of the ratio T13 / T10 can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the ratio T13 / T10 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, and 0.85.

[0560] It should be understood that the value range of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application can also be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 satisfies: 0.05 mm ≤ T10 ≤ 0.5 mm. The average thickness T10 of the housing 211 should not be too small to reduce the processing difficulty of the multi-layer housing 211 and improve the structural strength of the housing 211. For example, the housing 211 is not easily broken, thereby improving the service life of the housing 211. On the contrary, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 should not be too large so that the housing 211 occupies less space, improves the space utilization rate of the battery cell 20, and further improves the energy density of the battery 10 provided with a plurality of battery cells 20.

[0561] Furthermore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 satisfies: 0.075 mm ≤ T10 ≤ 0.4 mm. Appropriately thinning the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 inside the battery 10, thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10; while appropriately increasing the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can also reduce the processing difficulty of the housing 211.

[0562] Furthermore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 satisfies: 0.1 mm ≤ T10 ≤ 0.3 mm. The average thickness T10 of the housing 211 is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the structural strength and structural stability of the housing 211, but also reduce the space occupied by the housing 211 inside the battery 10, thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10.

[0563] In some embodiments, the value of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 of the embodiments of the present application can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.05 mm, 0.075 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.125 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.175 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.225 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.275 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.325 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.375 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.425 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.475 mm, and 0.5 mm.

[0564] In the embodiments of the present application, the material of the first housing layer 2115 can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the material of the first housing layer 2115 includes at least one of the following: silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, and brass to meet the design requirements of the resistivity K1 of the first housing layer 2115.

[0565] In the embodiments of the present application, the housing 211 includes a second housing layer 2116, and the tensile strength of the second housing layer 2116 at a temperature of 25 °C is Rm2, and Rm2 satisfies: 250 MPa ≤ Rm2 ≤ 2000 MPa. Among them, the second housing layer 2116 is any one of the multiple layers of the housing 211. For example, Figure 22 taking the outermost housing as the second housing layer 2116 as an example, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. By setting the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 included in the housing 211 at a temperature of 25 °C to be relatively large, the structural strength and deformation ability of the housing 211 can be improved, so that the housing 211 is not easily damaged during the use of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. However, the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 at room temperature of 25 °C should not be too large to reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the housing 211, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0566] It should be understood that the value range of the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application under normal temperature conditions of 25 °C can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the value of the tensile strength Rm2 at normal temperature can also satisfy 400 MPa ≤ Rm2 ≤ 1200 MPa. On the one hand, increasing the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 under normal temperature conditions can improve the deformation ability of this part of the second housing layer 2116 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, making the second housing layer 2116 not easily damaged, and thus improving the structural stability and service life of the battery cell 20. On the other hand, controlling the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 under normal temperature conditions not to be too large can reduce the difficulty of material selection and processing of the second housing layer 2116, save costs, and facilitate processing.

[0567] Furthermore, it can also be set that the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 under normal temperature conditions satisfies 450 MPa ≤ Rm2 ≤ 800 MPa. The tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 under normal temperature conditions is neither too large nor too small, which can not only improve the deformation ability of this part of the housing 211 to resist the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 22, but also facilitate implementation and save costs.

[0568] In some embodiments, the value of the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application under normal temperature conditions can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the tensile strength Rm2 at normal temperature can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 250 MPa, 280 MPa, 300 MPa, 330 MPa, 350 MPa, 380 MPa, 400 MPa, 450 MPa, 500 MPa, 550 MPa, 600 MPa, 650 MPa, 700 MPa, 750 MPa, 800 MPa, 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 MPa, 1050 MPa, 1100 MPa, 1150 MPa, 1200 MPa, 1250 MPa, 1300 MPa, 1350 MPa, 1400 MPa, 1450 MPa, 1500 MPa, 1550 MPa, 1600 MPa, 1650 MPa, 1700 MPa, 1750 MPa, 1800 MPa, 1850 MPa, 1900 MPa, 1950 MPa, and 2000 MPa.

[0569] It should be understood that the tensile strength in the embodiments of the present application refers to the maximum stress value that the material can withstand before being broken. The test method for the tensile strength Rm2 of the second housing layer 2116 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application under the condition of 25 °C can be selected according to actual applications. For example, the national standard GB / T can be adopted.

[0570] Test the tensile strength Rm2 under the normal temperature condition of 25°C in accordance with GB / T 228.1-2010.

[0571] In the embodiment of the present application, the average thickness of the second housing layer 2116 is T14, and the average thickness of the housing 211 is T10. T14 and T10 satisfy: 0.15 ≤ T14 / T10 ≤ 0.85. If T14 / T10 is set too small, with a certain average thickness T10 of the housing 211, T14 will be too small, which will affect the structural strength of the housing 211. Conversely, if T14 / T10 is set too large, with a certain average thickness T10 of the housing 211, T14 will be too large, and the thicknesses of other structural layers will be too small. For example, the thickness T13 of the first housing layer 2115 will be too small, which will increase the processing difficulty and also cause the overcurrent heat to be too large, making thermal runaway likely to occur.

[0572] Furthermore, T14 and T10 satisfy: 0.2 ≤ T14 / T10 ≤ 0.6. This can not only improve the overcurrent capacity of the housing 211 but also enhance the structural strength of the housing 211. In some embodiments, the value of the ratio T14 / T10 can also be set to other values. For example, the value of the ratio T14 / T10 can be any one of the following values or between any two of the following values: 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, and 0.85.

[0573] Moreover, the average thickness T14 of the second housing layer 2116 in the embodiment of the present application may be the same as or different from the average thickness T13 of the first housing layer 2115 to meet different design requirements.

[0574] It should be understood that the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 in the embodiments of the present application may refer to the average thickness of at least a part of the housing 211. The average thickness T13 of the first housing layer 2115 of the housing 211 may also refer to the average thickness of at least a part of the first housing layer 2115. The average thickness T14 of the second housing layer 2116 of the housing 211 may also refer to the average thickness of at least a part of the second housing layer 2116. Moreover, the calculation area of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 is generally consistent with the calculation area of the average thickness T13 of the first housing layer 2111 and is also consistent with the calculation area of the average thickness T14 of the second housing layer 2116. For example, if some areas are excluded when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211, correspondingly, the same areas need to be excluded when calculating the average thickness T13 of the first housing layer 2115, and the same areas also need to be excluded when calculating the average thickness T14 of the second housing layer 2116. For the sake of convenience of description, the following takes the calculation of the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 as an example for description, but the relevant description is equally applicable to determining the average thickness T13 of the first housing layer 2115 and the average thickness T14 of the second housing layer 2116, and will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0575] For example, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may refer to the average thickness T10 of all areas of the housing 211, especially when the overall surface of the housing 211 is relatively flat, that is, when the thicknesses of most areas of the housing 211 are basically equal or have a small difference, or when the thicknesses of all areas of the housing 211 are basically equal or have a small difference, the average thickness of all areas of the housing 211 can be determined to be T10.

[0576] For another example, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may also refer to the average thickness T10 of a local area of the housing 211, that is, the average thickness T10 of the remaining area after excluding some areas of the housing 211. For example, if there are some special areas in the housing 211 and the thicknesses of these special areas are quite different from those of other areas. For example, there are raised structures or sunken areas in these special areas along the thickness direction, making the thicknesses of these special areas larger or smaller than those of other areas, then these special areas can be excluded to calculate the average thickness of the remaining area of the housing 211 as T10.

[0577] In some embodiments, the housing 211 may include functional regions, and the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 is the average thickness of the regions of the housing 211 other than the functional regions. For example, the functional regions include at least one of the following regions: a pressure relief region, the region where the electrode terminal 214 is located, a liquid injection region, and a welding region. The thickness of the functional regions usually varies significantly from the thickness of other regions of the housing 211. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 without including the functional regions, the design of the housing 211 can better meet the strength requirements, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20.

[0578] Specifically, the functional regions in the embodiments of the present application may include regions on the housing 211 where specific structures are provided or which have specific uses. For example, the functional regions may include a pressure relief region, and the pressure relief region is used to provide a pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is an element or component that actuates to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold can be adjusted according to different design requirements. For example, the predetermined threshold may depend on one or several of the materials of the positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet, electrolyte, and separator in the battery cell 20.

[0579] As used in the present application, "actuate" means that the pressure relief mechanism generates an action or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 20 can be released. The actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism rupturing, breaking, being torn, or opening, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism actuates, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 20 are discharged outwards from the actuated part as emissions. In this way, the battery cell 20 can be depressurized and cooled under controlled pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potential more serious accidents.

[0580] The emissions from the battery cell 20 mentioned in the present application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0581] The pressure relief mechanism of the embodiment of the present application can be disposed on any wall of the battery cell 20. For example, the pressure relief mechanism can be disposed in the pressure relief area of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism can be a part of the housing 211; or, it can also be a split structure with the housing 211 and is fixed on the housing 211 by means such as welding. For example, when the pressure relief mechanism is a part of the housing 211, for example, the pressure relief mechanism can be formed by setting a notch on the housing 211, that is, the housing 211 is provided with a notch in the pressure relief area, and the thickness at the notch is significantly smaller than the thickness of other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can not calculate the thickness at the notch. The notch is the weakest position of the pressure relief mechanism. When too much gas is generated in the battery cell 20 causing the internal pressure to rise and reach the threshold or the internal reaction in the battery cell 20 generates heat causing the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 to rise and reach the threshold, the pressure relief mechanism can rupture at the notch, resulting in the internal and external communication of the battery cell 20, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the crack of the pressure relief mechanism, thereby avoiding the explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0582] For another example, the pressure relief mechanism can also be a split structure with the housing 211. The pressure relief mechanism can be in the form of, for example, an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and can specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure. For example, the housing 211 is provided with a through hole in the pressure relief area, and the pressure relief mechanism is fixedly installed with the housing 211 through the through hole. After installation, the pressure relief mechanism may protrude or recess relative to other areas of the housing 211. Therefore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 can not include the pressure relief area where the pressure relief mechanism is located. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is damaged, thereby forming an opening or a channel for discharging the internal pressure or temperature.

[0583] In some embodiments, the functional region may further include the region where the electrode terminal 214 is located. Specifically, the electrode terminal 214 in the embodiment of the present application is used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 22 inside the battery cell 20 to output the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. Moreover, the battery cell 20 may include at least two electrode terminals 214. The at least two electrode terminals 214 respectively include at least one positive electrode terminal and at least one negative electrode terminal. The positive electrode terminal is used to electrically connect to the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly 22, and the negative electrode terminal is used to electrically connect to the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 22. The positive electrode terminal and the positive electrode tab may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and the negative electrode terminal and the negative electrode tab may be directly connected or indirectly connected. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present application, the positive electrode terminal may be the first electrode terminal 214a, then the negative electrode terminal is the second electrode terminal 214b, or the positive electrode terminal may be the second electrode terminal 214b, and the negative electrode terminal is the first electrode terminal 214a.

[0584] It should be understood that each electrode terminal 214 in the embodiment of the present application may be disposed on any one wall, and multiple electrode terminals 214 may be disposed on the same wall or different walls of the battery cell 20. For example, as Figures 20 to 24 shown, taking each battery cell 20 including two electrode terminals 214 and the two electrode terminals 214 being located on the same wall as an example, for example, the two electrode terminals 214 may both be located on the cover body 211a. However, in the embodiment of the present application, if the cover body 23 is the first electrode terminal 214a, then among the two electrode terminals 214 included in the battery cell 20, there is still one electrode terminal 214 protruding from other regions of the cover body 211a of the housing 211, that is, the thickness of the region where the second electrode terminal 214b is located is much greater than the thickness of other regions of the housing 211. Therefore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may not include the region where the second electrode terminal 214b is located.

[0585] In some embodiments, the functional region may further include a liquid injection region. For example, a liquid injection hole may be provided in the liquid injection region of the housing 211, and electrolyte is injected into the housing 211 through the liquid injection hole. After the electrolyte injection is completed, the liquid injection hole may be sealed by a seal. Considering that the thickness of the liquid injection region where the seal is located is usually much greater than the thickness of other regions of the housing 211, therefore, the average thickness T10 of the housing 211 may not include the liquid injection region.

[0586] In some embodiments, the functional region may further include a welding region. For example, the housing 211 and the cover plate 212 may be fixed by welding, or the housing 211 itself needs to be processed and formed by welding. For example, any two walls of the housing 211 may be welded, or the housing 211 is formed by splicing at least two parts, then the housing 211 may include a welding region. For example, the housing 211 may be welded by splicing, then the housing 211 may have a weld 2113. Specifically, the housing 211 may include at least two parts, and the at least two parts are connected by welding to form the housing 211. Among them, in the embodiments of the present application, mainly taking the housing 211 including two parts along the height direction Z of the battery cell 20 as an example, there is a weld 2113 between the upper half housing and the lower half housing; or, different from Figure 21 as shown, welds 2113 may also be provided in other parts of the housing 211, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The welding region of the functional region in the embodiments of the present application may also include the weld 2113. Due to processing technology reasons, the thickness of the welding region is usually greater than the thickness of other regions of the housing 211. Therefore, when calculating the average thickness T10 of the housing 211, the welding region may not be included.

[0587] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the second housing layer 2116 is K2, and K2 and K1 satisfy: 2 ≤ K2 / K1 ≤ 40. Further, it may also satisfy: 2 ≤ K2 / K1 ≤ 20, so as to limit the resistivity K1 of the first housing layer 2115, and further improve the overcurrent capacity of the housing 211.

[0588] In the embodiments of the present application, the material of the second housing layer 2116 can be flexibly set according to actual applications. For example, the material of the second housing layer 2116 includes at least one of the following: titanium, steel, silicon steel, and stainless steel, so as to meet the design requirements of the second housing layer 2116.

[0589] In some embodiments, the materials of the first housing layer 2115 and the second housing layer 2116 can be selected from the various materials shown in Table 9 to meet the design requirements.

[0590] Table 9

[0591]

[0592]

[0593] It should be understood that the housing 211 of the embodiments of the present application is a multi-layer structure, and the number of layers of the housing 211 can be set according to actual applications. For example, the housing 211 includes a plurality of the first housing layers 2115 and / or a plurality of the second housing layers 2116, and the positions of different first housing layers 2115 and second housing layers 2116 can be flexibly set according to actual applications to meet different application scenarios.

[0594] In some embodiments, the housing 211 may include a plurality of first housing layers 2115 and one second housing layer 2116, and the second housing layer 2116 may be located in the middle or on one side of the plurality of first housing layers 2115. Similarly, the housing 211 may include one first housing layer 2115 and a plurality of second housing layers 2116, and the first housing layer 2115 may be located in the middle or on one side of the plurality of second housing layers 2116. For another example, the housing 211 may include a plurality of first housing layers 2115 and a plurality of second housing layers 2116. The plurality of first housing layers 2115 and the plurality of second housing layers 2116 may be arranged at intervals, or the plurality of first housing layers 2115 may be arranged on one side of the plurality of second housing layers 2116. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0595] In some embodiments, if the housing 211 includes a plurality of first housing layers 2115 that meet the above design requirements, the materials of the plurality of first housing layers 2115 may be the same or different, the resistivity K1 may also be the same or different, and the thickness T13 may also be the same or different to increase the design flexibility. Similarly, if the housing 211 includes a plurality of second housing layers 2116 that meet the above design requirements, the materials of the plurality of second housing layers 2116 may be the same or different, the tensile strength Rm2 under normal temperature conditions may also be the same or different, and the thickness T14 may also be the same or different to increase the design flexibility.

[0596] The embodiments of the present application also provide a battery, which includes the battery cells 20 of the above various embodiments.

[0597] The embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, including a battery, which includes the battery cells 20 of the above various embodiments and is used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.

[0598] The electrical device may be a vehicle as shown in Figure 1 or any device using a battery.

[0599] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components thereof can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A housing, characterized in that: The shell has an opening and is an integrally formed structure. The shell includes a first wall and at least two second walls arranged opposite to the opening, and the first wall and the second wall are arranged to intersect each other. Two of the at least two second walls are connected by a first fillet, the inner diameter of the first fillet is R1 and the depth of the shell is H, which satisfies: 2.5 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 20 mm, 50mm≤H≤250mm.

2. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that H and R1 satisfy: 75mm≤H≤180mm, 4mm≤R1≤15mm.

3. The housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The yield strength of the shell at a temperature of 25° C. is Re, and Re satisfies: 140MPa≤Re≤1000Mpa.

4. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The two second walls are two adjacent second walls among the at least two second walls, and the maximum thickness T1 of the first fillet and the maximum thickness T0 of the second wall with the largest thickness among the two second walls satisfy: T1>T0.

5. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The two second walls are two opposite second walls among the at least two second walls.

6. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The first wall and the second wall are connected via a second fillet, and an inner diameter r1 of the second fillet and a minimum thickness T2 of the second wall with the smallest thickness among the at least two second walls satisfy the following: 2.0≤r1 / T2≤30.

7. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The wall thickness of the shell is uniform.

8. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The material of at least a part of the shell includes at least one of the following: stainless steel and carbon steel.

9. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The mass content of chromium in the material of at least a partial area of ​​the shell is m, and m satisfies: 10%≤m≤30%.

10. The housing according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: At least a partial area of ​​the housing includes the entire wall of the housing.

11. A battery cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrode assembly and a casing according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing.

12. The battery cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: The thickness of the battery cell is D1, wherein H, R1 and D1 satisfy: 0.15 mm ≤ R1*D1 / H ≤ 36 mm.

13. The battery cell according to claim 12, characterized in that: The relationship between H, R1 and D1 is as follows: 0.34mm≤R1*D1 / H≤18mm.

14. The battery cell according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The thickness of the electrode assembly is D2, and R1 and D2 satisfy: 0.125≤R1 / D2≤0.

45.

15. The battery cell according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The electrode assembly includes a negative electrode plate, the negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode active material capable of reversibly extracting and inserting metal ions, and the negative electrode active material includes a silicon-based material; The tensile strength of at least a portion of the shell at a temperature of 25° C. is Rm, and Rm satisfies: 250 MPa≤Rm≤2000 MPa.

16. The battery cell according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that: The electrode assembly includes a negative electrode plate, the negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode active material capable of reversibly extracting and inserting metal ions, and the negative electrode active material includes a silicon-based material; The yield strength of at least a part of the shell at a temperature of 25° C. is Re, and Re satisfies: 140 MPa≤Re≤1000 MPa.

17. The battery cell according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that: The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, the positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly extracting and inserting metal ions, and the positive electrode active material includes a nickel-containing compound; The melting point of at least a part of the shell is p, and p satisfies: 1200°C≤p≤2000°C.

18. The battery cell according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that: The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, the positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly extracting and inserting metal ions, and the positive electrode active material includes a nickel-containing compound; The tensile strength of at least a portion of the shell at a temperature of 500° C. is Rn, and Rn satisfies: 100 MPa≤Rn≤1200 MPa.

19. A battery, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are the battery cells according to any one of claims 11 to 18.

20. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: A battery, comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 11 to 18, wherein the battery is used to supply power to the electrical device.

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