Composition for air disinfection and deodorization and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of air disinfection and sterilization, and particularly relates to a composition for air disinfection and deodorization and a preparation method thereof. The composition comprises an inner core component and a shell component, the inner core component comprises the following components: sodium alginate, chitosan, potassium hydrogen persulfate, tannic acid, zinc nitrate, glycerol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride; the shell component is prepared from the following components: plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch, polyethylene glycol, nano silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polydimethylsiloxane and a silane coupling agent; according to the invention, through innovative combination of natural material intrinsic characteristics and core-shell structure dynamic regulation and control, competitive failure caused by chemical component piling in the traditional technology is broken through, and the air purification effect of synergism of multiple natural active substances is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of air disinfection and sterilization, and specifically relates to a composition for air disinfection and deodorization and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The acceleration of urbanization and the trend of indoor environment sealing have caused air pollution to evolve from a single particulate matter problem to a complex challenge covering biological and chemical hazards. Pathogenic microorganisms in the air (such as drug-resistant bacteria, enveloped viruses, fungal spores) and volatile odor molecules (such as aldehydes, sulfides, and ammonia) pose a dual threat. Their synergistic effect is particularly prominent in high-density places such as medical spaces and public transportation, which not only increases the risk of cross-infection, but also easily causes chronic respiratory diseases or sensory discomfort. Although traditional purification technologies have their own advantages, they are subject to inherent bottlenecks of physical or chemical properties: ultraviolet sterilization relies on direct radiation paths, is difficult to penetrate complex spatial structures, and places strict requirements on equipment maintenance and personnel protection; although ozone oxidation has strong disinfection capabilities, its chemical activity can easily cause mucosal irritation, especially in poorly ventilated scenes, which may lead to secondary health risks; activated carbon adsorption relies on porous physical interception, and is prone to saturation and inactivation when faced with continuously released odors or high concentrations of pollutants, resulting in pulsed fluctuations in purification efficiency and difficulty in maintaining steady-state environmental quality.

[0003] In recent years, the compatibility problem between different active ingredients has not been effectively solved. For example, some oxidative disinfection ingredients are prone to react with plant essential oils and become ineffective, while quaternary ammonium compounds may produce precipitates when mixed with certain metal catalysts. Existing compositions generally have the problem of a single target, and are unable to simultaneously destroy the chemical bonds between the microbial cell structure and the odor molecules, resulting in a difficult breakthrough in treatment efficiency. In addition, the degradation byproducts of chemical disinfectants (such as halides, residual monomers) may penetrate into the ecosystem, causing environmental tolerance and bioaccumulation concerns. These contradictions highlight the imbalance of existing technologies in terms of broad spectrum, environmental compatibility and long-term safety. Therefore, in this context, it is of great significance to develop a safe and efficient composite air purification composition with both disinfection and deodorization functions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a composition for air disinfection and deodorization and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The technical effect of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a composition for air disinfection and deodorization, which comprises a core component and an outer shell component; the core component comprises the following components: sodium alginate, chitosan, potassium persulfate, tannic acid, zinc nitrate, glycerol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride; the outer shell component comprises the following components: plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch, polyethylene glycol, nano-SiO2 , hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polydimethylsiloxane and silane coupling agent; Preferably, the plant essential oil is prepared from eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil and clove bud oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: preheating the eucalyptus oil at 50°C for 20-30 minutes under nitrogen protection, and then distilling it in stages; filtering it at 60°C through a 0.45μm nylon filter membrane to obtain pretreated eucalyptus oil; letting the lavender oil stand at 4°C for 48 hours, filtering and removing wax using a diatomaceous earth coating to obtain pretreated lavender oil; precooling the peppermint oil at -25 to -20°C for 12 hours, and then centrifuging it at 8000 to 10000 rpm for 30 minutes at -20 to -15°C under nitrogen protection to obtain pretreated peppermint oil; Step 2: The pretreated eucalyptus oil and pretreated lavender oil prepared in step 1 are stirred at 35-42° C. for 10-20 min under nitrogen protection, and then the pretreated peppermint oil is added, stirred at 2000 rpm for 20-30 min, clove bud oil and 2-3% Tween-80 are added dropwise, ultrasonically treated, 0.1% vitamin E is added, mixed evenly, and then allowed to stand at 4° C. for 24 h to obtain plant essential oil; Preferably, in step 1, the staged distillation step is evaporation at 85°C, condensation at -10°C, distillation at 0.8 mbar, and discarding the first 5% of the distillate; then heating to 95-105°C, distillation at 0.5 mbar, and discarding the first 5% and last 10% of the distillate; Preferably, in step 1, the filtration and wax removal step is to use a diatomaceous earth pre-coating with a wet base thickness of 5 mm and a pore size of 10 μm, at 10 to 15° C., at a rate of 0.01 MPa / min and a pressure increase from 0.1 MPa to 0.25 MPa, at a rate of 1 to 1.5 L / m 2 •h filtration rate, and repeat the filtration process three times; Preferably, in step 2, the volume ratio of the pretreated eucalyptus oil, the pretreated lavender oil, the pretreated peppermint oil and the clove bud oil is 4.5-5:2-3:1.5-2.5:0.5-1; the ultrasonic treatment parameters are 60-80W, 20kHz, and the time is 5-8min; Preferably, the silane coupling agent is any one of octyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane; further, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane is preferred; Preferably, another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composition for air disinfection and deodorization, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: Stir and mix 2-3 wt% sodium alginate solution and glycerol evenly, then add 1-2 wt% chitosan solution, stir and mix evenly, then add 0.15-0.2% zinc nitrate and 1-1.5% tannic acid in sequence, adjust the pH to 5, continue stirring until homogeneous, and obtain a precursor solution; Step 2: Slowly drop the precursor solution prepared in step 1 into 3wt% calcium chloride and 0.05M sodium chloride solution, maintain the temperature at 4°C, slowly stir for 30-60min, wash with deionized water, freeze-dry at -40°C for 12-24h, then immerse in 0.5wt% potassium persulfate solution, shake at 25°C for 2h, repeat washing with deionized water 3 times, freeze-dry at -40°C for 12h to obtain the inner core; Step 3: Nano-SiO 2 Dispersed in anhydrous ethanol, 60W ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 15-20min, added silane coupling agent, adjusted pH to 4.5-5.5, 60-65℃ water bath nitrogen protection reaction for 6h, centrifuged, ethanol washing repeated 3 times, 60℃ vacuum drying for 12h, to obtain modified nano-SiO 2 ; Pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, modified nano-SiO 2 and polyethylene glycol are dispersed in deionized water in turn, the pH is adjusted to 6, and ultrasonic treatment is performed at 60W for 20 to 30 minutes to obtain a pre-treated slurry; the core prepared in step 2 is preheated at 50°C for 10 minutes, and then the pre-treated slurry is evenly sprayed, treated at 70°C and 85% humidity for 2 hours, and dried at 50°C for 1 to 2 hours to obtain shelled particles; Step 4: adding the shelled particles prepared in step 3 into the plant essential oil preheated to 40° C., soaking for 35 to 60 minutes under vacuum conditions, and centrifuging at 1200 rpm for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain loaded particles; Step 5: spraying 1.5 wt% polydimethylsiloxane n-hexane solution onto the loaded particles prepared in step 4, and after the spraying treatment is completed; treating at 30°C and 85% humidity for 30 to 60 minutes, and then treating at 40°C and 50% humidity for 3 hours, and then repeating the cycle treatment to obtain a disinfection and deodorization composition; Preferably, in step 1, the sodium alginate solution and the chitosan solution are prepared by mixing sodium alginate and chitosan with deionized water; the volume ratio of the sodium alginate solution, glycerol and chitosan solution is 1:0.08-0.12:1-1.5; Preferably, in step 3, the nano-SiO 2 , anhydrous ethanol and silane coupling agent in a ratio of 1g:150mL:5-6mL; the pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, modified nano-SiO 2The ratio of the amount of polyethylene glycol to the amount of deionized water is 3-4 g: 0.8-1.2 g: 1.5-2 g: 120 mL; the amount of polyethylene glycol is 4% of the substrate mass; Preferably, in step 3, the spraying pretreatment slurry is operated at 50-55°C air inlet, 1-1.5 bar atomization pressure, 5 mL / min spray rate, and 10-15 min; Preferably, in step 4, the ratio of the amount of the shelled particles to the plant essential oil is 1 g: 0.35-0.45 mL; Preferably, in step 5, the spraying operation is performed at 0.3 MPa, a spraying distance of 20 to 25 cm, and a spraying volume of 5 to 8 mL / m 2 , spray twice with an interval of 10 minutes, dry with hot air at 40℃ for 1-2 hours, and then cure at 70-80℃ for 20-30 minutes; Preferably, in step five, the repeated cycle treatment operation is 30° C. and 75% humidity for 30 minutes, then 40° C. and 30% humidity for 2 hours, and the cycle treatment is repeated twice.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention realizes the synergistic effect of disinfection, deodorization and air purification by combining multiple technical means; in the raw material pretreatment stage, the composite essential oil is optimized and adapted in a targeted manner. Specifically, the eucalyptus oil is fractionally distilled to remove low-polarity resin substances and retain medium-polarity 1,8-cineole, which not only enhances its affinity with the shell nano-SiO 2 The hydrogen bonding force of the lavender oil is enhanced, and the risk of high-boiling-point impurities remaining in the pores is reduced; the lavender oil is then filtered at low temperature to remove wax, retaining small molecular active substances such as linalyl acetate and linalool, taking into account both rapid diffusion and pore patency; finally, the peppermint oil is frozen and crystallized to purify menthol, eliminating the effect of borneol on zinc ions (Zn 2+ ) complex interference. Based on the above treatment process, a multi-level synergistic system is constructed: at the disinfection and antibacterial level, eucalyptus destroys the lipid bilayer of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and inhibits ATP synthase, and the eugenol in clove bud oil attacks the hydrophobic region of microbial membrane proteins through phenolic hydroxyl groups to interfere with the activity of intracellular enzymes, and reacts with zinc ions (Zn 2+ ) synergistically interfere with DNA replication; menthol synergistically works by dissolving the chitin structure of fungi; in terms of deodorization, menthol quickly neutralizes sulfur-containing odor molecules, lavender oil ester groups long-term decompose nitrogen-containing compounds, and eucalyptus oil terpenes and eugenol phenolic hydroxyl groups synergistically catalyze the degradation of pollutants. 2+ The interpenetrating network fixed tannic acid and zinc nitrate complex, and the dynamic coordination balance between tannic acid polyphenolic hydroxyl and zinc ion was used to realize humidity responsive release; pregelatinized starch and nano-SiO 2Construct a core-shell structure. The pregelatinized starch rapidly adsorbs essential oils through capillary action and uses its porous skeleton as a support. The surface of nano-SiO 2 After being hydrophobically modified with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS), a dense alkyl chain barrier layer is formed. Through the synergistic regulation of the hydrophobic repulsion effect of the alkyl chains and the pore effect on the diffusion path of essential oil molecules, the evaporation rate of essential oils is regulated. In addition, the pregelatinized starch in the shell forms an interfacial interlock with sodium alginate in the core layer through hydrogen bonds to prevent the shell from peeling off. The long-chain alkyl groups of HDTMS form a physical interpenetrating network with the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hydrophobic film through intermolecular hydrophobic interactions, enhancing the interfacial binding strength and preventing interfacial delamination. In terms of the dynamic regulation mechanism, the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in the shell swells and expands to open pores in a high-humidity environment, triggering the generation of microcracks in the PDMS hydrophobic film, realizing humidity-responsive release and accelerating the release of essential oils. PDMS also functions as an oxygen and ultraviolet barrier. Its compactness and the HDTMS alkyl chain barrier synergistically inhibit the oxidative crosslinking of terpenoids, prevent the oxidative crosslinking of terpenoids in essential oils, and maintain the stability of active ingredients. In summary, the present invention innovatively combines the intrinsic properties of natural materials with the dynamic regulation of the core-shell structure, breaks through the competitive failure caused by the stacking of chemical components in traditional technologies, and realizes the air purification effect of the synergism of multiple natural active substances. Description of the Drawings

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only those of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0008] Figure 1 It is a test result diagram of disinfecting and sterilizing Escherichia coli of the compositions prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a test result diagram of disinfecting and sterilizing Staphylococcus aureus of the compositions prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a test result diagram of disinfecting and sterilizing Aspergillus niger of the compositions prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a test result diagram of air deodorization of H 2 S of the compositions prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a test result diagram of air deodorization of NH 3 of the compositions prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention; Figure 6It is a graph showing the mechanical strength test results of the compositions prepared in Example 2 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials involved in the present invention are purchased through conventional commercial channels.

[0010] Embodiment 1: A composition for air disinfection and deodorization, comprising a core component and an outer shell component; the core component comprises the following components: sodium alginate, chitosan, potassium persulfate, tannic acid, zinc nitrate, glycerol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride; the outer shell component comprises the following components: plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch, polyethylene glycol, nano-SiO 2 , hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polydimethylsiloxane and silane coupling agent; The plant essential oil is prepared from eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil and clove bud oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: 100 mL of eucalyptus oil was preheated at 50°C for 20 min under nitrogen protection, and then distilled in stages, evaporating at 85°C, condensing at -10°C, distilling at 0.8 mbar, and discarding the first 5% of the distillate; then the temperature was raised to 95°C, distilled at 0.5 mbar, and the first 5% and the last 10% of the distillate were discarded; at 60°C, filtered with a 0.45 μm nylon filter membrane to obtain pretreated eucalyptus oil; 100 mL of lavender oil was allowed to stand at 4°C for 48 h, filtered and dewaxed using a diatomaceous earth coating, using a diatomaceous earth pre-coating with a wet base thickness of 5 mm and a pore size of 10 μm, and at 15°C, the pressure was increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.25 MPa at a rate of 0.01 MPa / min, and the pressure was increased at 1 L / m 2 •h filtration rate, repeat the filtration process three times to obtain pretreated lavender oil; precool 100mL of peppermint oil at -25°C for 12h, and then centrifuge at -20°C and 8000rpm for 30min under nitrogen protection to obtain pretreated peppermint oil; Step 2: 45 mL of the pretreated eucalyptus oil prepared in step 1 and 20 mL of the pretreated lavender oil were stirred at 35° C. for 20 min under nitrogen protection, and then 15 mL of the pretreated peppermint oil was added, and the mixture was stirred at 2000 rpm for 20 min. 5 mL of clove bud oil and 1.7 mL of Tween-80 were added dropwise, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 60 W, 20 kHz, and the time was 8 min; 0.085 g of vitamin E was added, and the mixture was mixed evenly and allowed to stand at 4° C. for 24 h to obtain plant essential oil; The specific preparation steps of the composition for air disinfection and deodorization are as follows: Step 1: 100 mL of 2 wt% sodium alginate solution and 8 mL of glycerol were stirred and mixed evenly, and then mixed with 100 mL of 1 wt% chitosan solution, and then 0.3 g of zinc nitrate and 2 g of tannic acid were added in sequence, the pH was adjusted to 5, and stirring was continued until homogeneous to obtain a precursor solution; Step 2: Slowly add 200 mL of the precursor solution prepared in step 1 to 400 mL of 3 wt% calcium chloride and 0.05 M sodium chloride solution, maintain the temperature at 4 ° C, slowly stir for 30 min, wash with deionized water, freeze-dry at -40 ° C for 12 h, then immerse in 400 mL of 0.5 wt% potassium persulfate solution, shake at 25 ° C for 2 h, repeat washing with deionized water 3 times, freeze-dry at -40 ° C for 12 h to obtain the core; Step 3: 2g of nano-SiO 2 Dispersed in 300 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 60W ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 15 min, added 10 mL of octyl triethoxysilane, adjusted the pH to 4.5, reacted in a 60°C water bath with nitrogen protection for 6 h, centrifuged, washed with ethanol repeatedly for 3 times, and vacuum dried at 60°C for 12 h to obtain modified nano-SiO 2 ; 3g pregelatinized starch, 0.8g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 1.5g modified nano-SiO 2 and 0.212g polyethylene glycol were dispersed in 120mL deionized water, the pH was adjusted to 6, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 60W for 20min to obtain a pretreated slurry; 10g of the kernel prepared in step 2 was preheated at 50°C for 10min, and then the pretreated slurry was evenly sprayed, with an air inlet of 50°C, an atomization pressure of 1bar, a spray rate of 5mL / min, and a time of 15min; the shelled particles were treated at 70°C and a humidity of 85% for 2h, and dried at 50°C for 1h to obtain shelled particles; Step 4: Add 10 g of the shelled particles prepared in step 3 into 3.5 mL of plant essential oil preheated to 40° C., soak for 35 min under vacuum conditions, and centrifuge at 1200 rpm for 3 min to obtain loaded particles; Step 5: Spray 1.5 wt% polydimethylsiloxane hexane solution onto 10 g of the loaded particles prepared in step 4 at 0.3 MPa, a spray distance of 20 cm, and a spray volume of 5 mL / m 2 , spray twice with an interval of 10 minutes, hot air dry at 40°C for 2 hours, and then cure at 70°C for 30 minutes. After the spraying treatment is completed; treat at 30°C, 85% humidity for 30 minutes, then at 40°C, 50% humidity for 3 hours, and then repeat the cycle treatment, treat at 30°C, 75% humidity for 30 minutes, then at 40°C, 30% humidity for 2 hours, and repeat the cycle treatment twice to obtain a disinfecting and deodorizing composition.

[0011] Embodiment 2: A composition for air disinfection and deodorization, comprising a core component and a shell component; the core component comprises the following components: sodium alginate, chitosan, potassium persulfate, tannic acid, zinc nitrate, glycerol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride; the shell component comprises the following components: plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch, polyethylene glycol, nano-SiO 2 , hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polydimethylsiloxane and silane coupling agent; The plant essential oil is prepared from eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil and clove bud oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: 100 mL of eucalyptus oil was preheated at 50°C for 30 min under nitrogen protection, and then distilled in stages, evaporating at 85°C, condensing at -10°C, distilling at 0.8 mbar, and discarding the first 5% of the distillate; then the temperature was raised to 105°C, distilled at 0.5 mbar, and the first 5% and the last 10% of the distillate were discarded; at 60°C, filtered with a 0.45 μm nylon filter membrane to obtain pretreated eucalyptus oil; 100 mL of lavender oil was allowed to stand at 4°C for 48 h, filtered and dewaxed using a diatomaceous earth coating, using a diatomaceous earth pre-coating with a wet base thickness of 5 mm and a pore size of 10 μm, and at 10°C, the pressure was increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.25 MPa at a rate of 0.01 MPa / min, and the pressure was increased at 1.5 L / m 2 •h filtration rate, repeat the filtration process three times to obtain pretreated lavender oil; precool 100mL of peppermint oil at -20°C for 12h, and then centrifuge at -15°C and 10000rpm for 30min under nitrogen protection to obtain pretreated peppermint oil; Step 2: 50 mL of the pretreated eucalyptus oil prepared in step 1 and 30 mL of the pretreated lavender oil were stirred at 42° C. for 10 min under nitrogen protection, and then 25 mL of the pretreated peppermint oil was added, and the mixture was stirred at 2000 rpm for 30 min. 10 mL of clove bud oil and 3.45 mL of Tween-80 were added dropwise, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 80 W, 20 kHz, and the time was 5 min; 0.115 g of vitamin E was added, and the mixture was mixed evenly and allowed to stand at 4° C. for 24 h to obtain plant essential oil; The specific preparation steps of the composition for air disinfection and deodorization are as follows: Step 1: 100 mL of 3 wt% sodium alginate solution and glycerol were stirred and mixed evenly, and then mixed with 150 mL of 2 wt% chitosan solution, and then 0.5 g of zinc nitrate and 3.75 g of tannic acid were added in sequence, the pH was adjusted to 5, and stirring was continued until homogeneous to obtain a precursor solution; Step 2: Slowly drop 250 mL of the precursor solution prepared in step 1 into 500 mL of 3 wt% calcium chloride and 0.05 M sodium chloride solution, maintain the temperature at 4 ° C, slowly stir for 60 min, wash with deionized water, freeze-dry at -40 ° C for 24 h, then immerse in 500 mL of 0.5 wt% potassium persulfate solution, shake at 25 ° C for 2 h, repeat washing with deionized water for 3 times, and freeze-dry at -40 ° C for 12 h to obtain the inner core; Step 3: 2g of nano-SiO 2 Dispersed in 300 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 60W ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 20 min, added 12 mL of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, adjusted the pH to 5, reacted in a water bath at 65 °C with nitrogen protection for 6 h, centrifuged, washed with ethanol three times, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain modified nano-SiO 2 ; 4g pregelatinized starch, 1.2g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 2g modified nano-SiO 2 and 0.288g polyethylene glycol were dispersed in 120mL deionized water, the pH was adjusted to 6, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 60W for 25min to obtain a pretreated slurry; 10g of the kernel prepared in step 2 was preheated at 50°C for 10min, and then the pretreated slurry was evenly sprayed, with an air intake of 55°C, an atomization pressure of 1.5bar, a spray rate of 5mL / min, and a time of 10min; the shelled particles were treated at 70°C and 85% humidity for 2h, and dried at 50°C for 2h to obtain shelled particles; Step 4: Add 10 g of the shelled particles prepared in step 3 into 4.5 mL of plant essential oil preheated to 40° C., soak for 50 min under vacuum conditions, and centrifuge for 4 min at 1200 rpm to obtain loaded particles; Step 5: Spray 1.5 wt% polydimethylsiloxane hexane solution onto 10 g of the loaded particles prepared in step 4 at 0.3 MPa, a spray distance of 25 cm, and a spray volume of 8 mL / m 2 , spray twice with an interval of 10 minutes, hot air dry at 40°C for 1.5 hours, and then cure at 80°C for 20 minutes. After the spraying treatment is completed; treat at 30°C, 85% humidity for 60 minutes, then at 40°C, 50% humidity for 3 hours, and then repeat the cycle treatment, treat at 30°C, 75% humidity for 30 minutes, then at 40°C, 30% humidity for 2 hours, and repeat the cycle treatment twice to obtain a disinfecting and deodorizing composition.

[0012] Embodiment 3: A composition for air disinfection and deodorization, comprising a core component and a shell component; the core component comprises the following components: sodium alginate, chitosan, potassium persulfate, tannic acid, zinc nitrate, glycerol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride; the shell component comprises the following components: plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch, polyethylene glycol, nano-SiO 2, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polydimethylsiloxane and silane coupling agent; The plant essential oil is prepared from eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil and clove bud oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: 100 mL of eucalyptus oil was preheated at 50°C for 25 min under nitrogen protection, and then distilled in stages, evaporated at 85°C, condensed at -10°C, and distilled at 0.8 mbar, and the first 5% of the distillate was discarded; then the temperature was raised to 100°C, and distilled at 0.5 mbar, and the first 5% and the last 10% of the distillate were discarded; at 60°C, filtered with a 0.45 μm nylon filter membrane to obtain pretreated eucalyptus oil; 100 mL of lavender oil was allowed to stand at 4°C for 48 h, and filtered and dewaxed using a diatomaceous earth coating, using a diatomaceous earth pre-coating with a wet base thickness of 5 mm and a pore size of 10 μm, and at 12°C, the pressure was increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.25 MPa at a rate of 0.01 MPa / min, and the pressure was increased at 1.2 L / m 2 •h filtration rate, and repeated the filtration process three times to obtain pretreated lavender oil; 100mL of peppermint oil was precooled at -22°C for 12h, and then centrifuged at -18°C and 9000rpm for 30min under nitrogen protection to obtain pretreated peppermint oil; Step 2: 48 mL of the pretreated eucalyptus oil prepared in step 1 and 24 mL of the pretreated lavender oil were stirred at 38° C. for 15 min under nitrogen protection, and then 20 mL of the pretreated peppermint oil was added, and the mixture was stirred at 2000 rpm for 25 min. 8 mL of clove bud oil and 2.5 mL of Tween-80 were added dropwise, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 70 W, 20 kHz, and the time was 6 min; 0.1 g of vitamin E was added, and the mixture was mixed evenly and allowed to stand at 4° C. for 24 h to obtain plant essential oil; The specific preparation steps of the composition for air disinfection and deodorization are as follows: Step 1: 100 mL of 2.5 wt% sodium alginate solution and glycerol were stirred and mixed evenly, and then mixed with 120 mL of 1.5 wt% chitosan solution, stirred and mixed evenly, and then 0.396 g of zinc nitrate and 3.3 g of tannic acid were added in sequence, the pH was adjusted to 5, and stirring was continued until homogeneous to obtain a precursor solution; Step 2: Slowly drop 220 mL of the precursor solution prepared in step 1 into 440 mL of 3 wt% calcium chloride and 0.05 M sodium chloride solution, maintain the temperature at 4 ° C, slowly stir for 50 min, wash with deionized water, freeze-dry at -40 ° C for 20 h, then immerse in 440 mL of 0.5 wt% potassium persulfate solution, shake at 25 ° C for 2 h, repeat washing with deionized water for 3 times, and freeze-dry at -40 ° C for 12 h to obtain the inner core; Step 3: 2g of nano-SiO 2Dispersed in 300 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 60W ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 18 min, added 11 mL of dodecyltrimethoxysilane, adjusted the pH to 4.5, reacted in a water bath at 63 °C with nitrogen protection for 6 h, centrifuged, washed with ethanol three times, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain modified nano-SiO 2 ; 3.5g pregelatinized starch, 1g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 1.8g nano-SiO 2 and 0.252g polyethylene glycol were dispersed in 120mL deionized water, the pH was adjusted to 6, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 60W for 30min to obtain a pretreated slurry; 10g of the kernel prepared in step 2 was preheated at 50°C for 10min, and then the pretreated slurry was evenly sprayed, with an air intake of 52°C, an atomization pressure of 1.2bar, a spray rate of 5mL / min, and a time of 12min; the shelled particles were treated at 70°C and 85% humidity for 2h, and dried at 50°C for 1.5h to obtain shelled particles; Step 4: Add 10 g of the shelled particles prepared in step 3 into 4 mL of plant essential oil preheated to 40° C., soak for 60 min under vacuum conditions, and centrifuge at 1200 rpm for 5 min to obtain loaded particles; Step 5: Spray 1.5 wt% polydimethylsiloxane hexane solution onto 10 g of the loaded particles prepared in step 4 at 0.3 MPa, a spray distance of 22 cm, and a spray volume of 7 mL / m 2 , spray twice with an interval of 10 minutes, hot air dry at 40°C for 1 hour, and then cure at 75°C for 25 minutes. After the spraying treatment is completed; treat at 30°C, 85% humidity for 50 minutes, then at 40°C, 50% humidity for 3 hours, and then repeat the cycle treatment, treat at 30°C, 75% humidity for 30 minutes, then at 40°C, 30% humidity for 2 hours, and repeat the cycle treatment twice to obtain a disinfecting and deodorizing composition.

[0013] Comparative Example 1: The operation of Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as that of Example 2. The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that after spraying in step 5 of Comparative Example 1, the disinfecting and deodorizing composition is directly dried at 40°C to obtain the disinfecting and deodorizing composition.

[0014] Comparative Example 2: The operation of Comparative Example 2 is substantially the same as that of Example 2, except that all plant essential oils in Comparative Example 2 are not pretreated.

[0015] Comparative Example 3: The operation of Comparative Example 3 is substantially the same as that of Example 2, and the only difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that only pretreated eucalyptus oil is used in Comparative Example 3.

[0016] Comparative Example 4: The operation of Comparative Example 4 is basically the same as that of Example 2. The only difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 2 is that in Comparative Example 4, the core components sodium alginate, chitosan, zinc nitrate, etc. are directly blended with the shell components plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch and other raw materials, and then prepared by spray drying.

[0017] Performance Test: Sterilization and deodorization test: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger suspension (10 6 CFU / mL) was sprayed into the test chamber (1m 3 , temperature 25±2°C), the composition samples prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were used in an amount of 10 g / m 3 After 30 minutes of equilibration, the humidity was adjusted to 80%. Microorganisms in the air were collected at 0h, 2h, 6h, 12h and 24h. The control group: no composition, the same humidity conditions; Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were cultured at 37℃ for 48h and counted, and Aspergillus niger was cultured at 25℃ for 72h and counted. Sterilization rate (%) = (control group colony count - test group colony count) / (control group colony count) × 100%. The results are as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown; The odor source was tested as above (H 2 S 20ppm, NH 3 50ppm), collect gas every 30 minutes, the total detection time is 6 hours, detect the concentration change, and calculate the deodorization rate (%) = (C 初始浓度 -C 某时刻浓度 ) / C 初始浓度 ×100%, and the removal rates at 0, 1, 3 and 6 h were calculated. The results are as follows Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown.

[0018] Depend on Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The results show that the composition prepared by the present invention has excellent sterilization performance; from the results of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that the shell PDMS does not form dynamic pores, the concentration of essential oil drops rapidly after sudden release, and the core layer gel does not absorb water and swell sufficiently, which may lead to the Zn 2+The release rate is insufficient, which leads to a significant impact on the sterilization rate; from the results of Comparative Example 2 and Example 2, it can be seen that the resin residue in the eucalyptus oil may block the pores of the shell layer and reduce the diffusion efficiency of the essential oil. In addition, the deposition of lavender oil wax may cause the expansion of HPMC to be blocked, resulting in the failure of humidity response, thereby affecting the sterilization effect; from the results of Comparative Example 3 and Example 2, it can be seen that the penetration of eugenol on the fungal cell wall is missing, and there is no menthol to instantly neutralize the sulfur-containing metabolites, the microbial repair mechanism is not blocked, and the sterilization effect is significantly reduced; from the results of Comparative Example 4 and Example 2, it can be seen that Zn 2+ Direct contact with essential oils may cause complex precipitation and inactivation of active ingredients. Without core-shell isolation, the inner core components compete with the outer shell components for release, and the concentration drops sharply after 6 hours, significantly reducing the antibacterial effect.

[0019] Depend on Figure 4 and Figure 5 The results show that the composition prepared by the present invention has an excellent deodorizing effect on H 2 S and NH 3 It has an excellent reaction clearing effect; the results of Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 show that eucalyptol has an excellent reaction clearing effect on H 2 S has a more efficient cleaning effect, but lacks the synergistic effect of lavender oil and has a negative effect on NH 3 The cleaning effect was significantly affected.

[0020] Mechanical strength test: 1 g of the composition samples prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 4 (dried to constant weight at 40°C) were treated at a frequency of 20 Hz and an amplitude of 5 mm for 24 h to evaluate the mechanical strength. The particle breakage rate (40 mesh sieve) = broken mass / total mass × 100% was calculated. The results are as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0021] Depend on Figure 6 The results show that the disinfecting and deodorizing composition prepared by the present invention has excellent mechanical strength, and can effectively ensure stability during storage, transportation and use; from the results of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that the PDMS coating has not undergone humidity cycle treatment, the hydrophobic film is loosely combined with the shell layer, and the hydrogen bond interlocking between the core layer gel and the shell layer starch is not fully formed, the shell layer is prone to local peeling due to concentrated vibration stress, and the core layer is exposed and the water absorption and swelling are aggravated, resulting in rupture; from the results of Comparative Example 4 and Example 2, it can be seen that sodium alginate and pregelatinized starch are directly blended without core-shell isolation, the material compatibility is extremely poor, and zinc nitrate is in direct contact with essential oils, which may induce metal ion-terpene complexation reaction, thereby significantly affecting the structural stability.

[0022] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composition for air disinfection and deodorization, characterized in that: The composition includes a core component and an outer shell component; the core component includes the following components: sodium alginate, chitosan, potassium persulfate, tannic acid, zinc nitrate, glycerol, sodium chloride and calcium chloride; the outer shell component includes the following components: plant essential oil, pregelatinized starch, polyethylene glycol, nano-SiO2, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polydimethylsiloxane and silane coupling agent.

2. A composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant essential oil is prepared from eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil and clove bud oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: preheating the eucalyptus oil under nitrogen protection, and then distilling it in stages; filtering it through a nylon filter membrane to obtain pretreated eucalyptus oil; standing the lavender oil at 4°C, and then filtering and removing wax through a diatomaceous earth coating to obtain pretreated lavender oil; The peppermint oil is precooled, and then centrifuged at sub-zero temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain pretreated peppermint oil; Step 2: The pretreated eucalyptus oil and pretreated lavender oil prepared in step 1 are stirred at 35-42° C. for 10-20 min under nitrogen protection, and then the pretreated peppermint oil is added, stirred at 2000 rpm for 20-30 min, clove bud oil and Tween-80 are added dropwise, ultrasonically treated, vitamin E is added, mixed evenly and allowed to stand to obtain plant essential oil.

3. A composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the staged distillation steps are evaporation at 85°C, condensation at -10°C, distillation at 0.8 mbar, and discarding the first 5% of the distillate; then heating to 95-105°C, distillation at 0.5 mbar, and discarding the first 5% and last 10% of the distillate.

4. A composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 1, the diatomaceous earth coating is used to filter and remove wax by using a diatomaceous earth pre-coating with a wet base thickness of 5 mm and a pore size of 10 μm, and the pressure is increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.25 MPa at a rate of 0.01 MPa / min at 10-15°C, and the pressure is increased at a rate of 1-1.5 L / m 2 •h filtration rate and repeat the filtration process three times.

5. A composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The silane coupling agent is any one of octyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane.

6. A method for preparing a composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: Stir and mix the sodium alginate solution and glycerol evenly, then add the chitosan solution, stir and mix evenly, then add zinc nitrate and tannic acid in sequence, adjust the pH, continue stirring until homogeneous, and obtain a precursor solution; Step 2: slowly drop the precursor solution prepared in step 1 into the calcium chloride and sodium chloride solution, maintain the temperature at 4°C, slowly stir, wash with deionized water, freeze-dry at -40°C for 12 to 24 hours, then immerse in potassium persulfate solution, shake, repeatedly wash with deionized water, freeze-dry at -40°C for 12 hours, and obtain the inner core; Step 3: Disperse nano-SiO2 in anhydrous ethanol, perform ultrasonic dispersion treatment, add silane coupling agent, adjust pH, react in a water bath with nitrogen protection, centrifuge, repeatedly wash with ethanol, and vacuum dry to obtain modified nano-SiO2; disperse pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, modified nano-SiO2 and polyethylene glycol in deionized water in turn, adjust pH, perform ultrasonic treatment and mix to obtain pretreated slurry; Preheating the core prepared in step 2, then evenly spraying the pretreatment slurry, wet heat treatment, and drying to obtain shelled particles; Step 4: adding the shelled particles prepared in step 3 into the preheated plant essential oil, soaking and centrifuging under vacuum conditions to obtain loaded particles; Step 5: Spray the loaded particles prepared in step 4 with a polydimethylsiloxane n-hexane solution. After the spraying treatment is completed, treat at 30°C and 85% humidity for 30 to 60 minutes, then at 40°C and 50% humidity for 3 hours, and then repeat the cycle treatment to obtain a disinfection and deodorization composition.

7. A method for preparing the composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step one, the volume ratio of the sodium alginate solution, glycerol and chitosan solution is 1:0.08-0.12:1-1.5; in step three, the volume ratio of the nano-SiO2, anhydrous ethanol and silane coupling agent is 1g:150mL:5-6mL; the volume ratio of the pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, modified nano-SiO2 and deionized water is 3-4g:0.8-1.2g:1.5-2g:120mL.

8. A method for preparing the composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step three, the spraying pretreatment slurry is operated with an air inlet temperature of 50-55° C., an atomization pressure of 1-1.5 bar, a spray rate of 5 mL / min, and a time of 10-15 min.

9. A method for preparing the composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, the ratio of the amount of the shelled particles to the plant essential oil is 1g:0.35-0.45mL; in step 5, the spraying operation is at 0.3MPa, the spraying distance is 20-25cm, and the spraying amount is 5-8mL / m 2 , spray twice with an interval of 10 minutes, dry with hot air at 40℃ for 1 to 2 hours, and then cure at 70 to 80℃ for 20 to 30 minutes.

10. A method for preparing the composition for air disinfection and deodorization according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 5, the repeated cycle treatment operation is 30° C. and 75% humidity for 30 minutes, then 40° C. and 30% humidity for 2 hours, and the cycle treatment is repeated twice.

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