Magnetic suspension heart pump system based on nuclear battery energy supply and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of implantable artificial heart pumps, in particular to a nuclear battery energy supply-based magnetic suspension heart pump system and a control method thereof. According to the device, through fusion of a nuclear energy-capacitance hybrid power supply system and an intelligent regulation and control technology, dependence of a traditional artificial heart on an external power supply is broken through, and lifelong-maintained physiological-level circulation support is achieved. The core innovation of the system is that a miniature nuclear battery pack is constructed by adopting a beta radiation isotope diamond semiconductor packaging technology, a dual-mode energy network is formed by combining a super capacitor, and dynamic balance of energy density and power output is realized while radiation safety is ensured; according to the third-generation centrifugal pump body based on a magnetic suspension bearing and fluid mechanics optimization, a personalized pump cavity structure is constructed through a biocompatible material, and a non-contact blood driving system is formed; and the working state of the pump body is dynamically optimized by monitoring hemodynamic parameters and metabolic indexes in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of implantable artificial heart pumps, and in particular to a magnetically suspended heart pump system powered by a nuclear battery and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a long-life energy supply device, nuclear batteries were mainly used in space exploration (such as radioisotope thermoelectric generators, RTG) and deep-sea equipment in the early days. The core principle is to release energy through the decay of radioisotopes and convert it into electrical energy. However, traditional nuclear batteries (such as RTG) are difficult to meet the stringent requirements of medical implant devices due to their large size, complex radiation protection, and low energy density. For example, the typical power output of RTG is tens to hundreds of watts, but its thermal management requirements cause the volume to far exceed the range that can be implanted in the human body.

[0003] In recent years, betavoltaic batteries have attracted attention due to their low radiation characteristics. They use beta particles (such as nickel-63 decay) to directly generate electricity. However, the power density of existing betavoltaic batteries is generally insufficient (usually less than 1 milliwatt / cubic centimeter), which cannot meet the basic power requirements of medical equipment such as heart pumps (5 watts to 15 watts). In addition, heart pumps need to adapt to instantaneous changes in blood flow (such as 20 watts of peak power during exercise), and existing nuclear batteries cannot independently support such requirements. In addition, the lack of radiation shielding technology further limits its safe application in the human body.

[0004] Since the first clinical implantation of artificial heart pumps (ventricular assist devices, VADs) by Kolff's team in 1964, three generations of technological innovation have been achieved: the first generation of pulsatile pumps (such as Novacor) simulated heart contraction through mechanical compression of the diaphragm, the second generation of axial flow pumps (such as HeartMate II) used an impeller structure to significantly reduce the volume, and the third generation of magnetic levitation centrifugal pumps (such as HeartMate 3) achieved a contactless bearing design. Although technological iterations have increased the 5-year survival rate from 20% to 70%, core bottlenecks still exist:

[0005] Limitations of energy supply method: Reliance on percutaneous wires to connect external lithium batteries leads to infection risk (incidence rate 10%-20%) and requires frequent battery replacement, which seriously affects the patient's quality of life.

[0006] Thrombosis and flow control accuracy issues: The pump chamber flow channel design is not fully optimized, and turbulence increases the risk of thrombosis; the existing control algorithm cannot match the patient's physiological state (such as exercise or sleep) in real time, which can easily lead to insufficient blood supply or excessive pumping.

[0007] The exploration of nuclear-powered heart pumps is limited by energy supply technology, and the prototype of nuclear-powered heart pumps can be traced back to nuclear pacemakers. In recent years, research on nuclear-powered heart pumps has focused on combining miniature radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) with ventricular assist devices (VADs), attempting to achieve long-term maintenance-free operation through isotope decay energy supply. Its technical bottleneck is mainly reflected in the fact that the power output of the miniature RTG is restricted by the isotope decay characteristics. In addition, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of RTG (usually 5%-12%) limits the power density, and it is necessary to combine supercapacitors or flywheel energy storage systems to buffer instantaneous load requirements, but the volume and weight of such hybrid energy systems still exceed the limitations of human implantation.

[0008] Current technology faces the triple contradiction of "energy-safety-volume": isotope dilemma: high-energy isotopes require complex shielding, and low-risk isotopes are insufficient in energy supply; thermal management paradox: Stirling engines require a temperature difference of >200℃ to maintain efficiency, but the heat resistance threshold of human tissue is only 50℃. In addition, the risk of biological interface is prominent. A breakthrough requires the construction of an "energy-control-interface" collaborative system: integrating isotope physics (developing new β radiation sources), AI algorithms (dynamic power regulation) and synthetic biology (anti-radiation biological coatings) to achieve safe and reliable long-term implantation. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to propose a magnetic levitation heart pump system powered by a nuclear battery and a control method thereof.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is a magnetic levitation heart pump system based on nuclear battery energy supply, including a nuclear battery energy supply module, a magnetic levitation blood pump, a supercapacitor energy storage module, a wireless communication module and a control module;

[0011] The nuclear battery energy supply module uses nickel-63 as fuel, adopts diamond packaging and modular sandwich structure, and supplies energy for the magnetic levitation blood pump;

[0012] The supercapacitor energy storage module is used to release peak power in a short time to provide auxiliary energy for the magnetic suspension blood pump;

[0013] The control module dynamically adjusts the blood pump operating parameters based on a machine learning algorithm;

[0014] The magnetic levitation heart pump system is connected to an external terminal via a wireless communication module, and all implanted components are connected without percutaneous wires, and no external cables are required to penetrate the skin.

[0015] Furthermore, the nuclear battery energy supply module specifically comprises: a single crystal diamond substrate, whose crystal surface is plasma etched to form a periodic micro-column array;

[0016] The nickel-63 fuel layer deposited on the substrate is formed into a nano-island structure using a magnetron sputtering process;

[0017] The top diamond encapsulation layer is a carbon-12 isotope diamond film grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition process, with its crystal plane parallel to the substrate surface;

[0018] Charge collection enhancement structure with periodic graphene intercalation embedded at the interface between substrate and encapsulation layer.

[0019] Furthermore, each unit is bonded via a diamond-metal interface and stacked into a modular sandwich structure, the stacking layer spacing is controlled at 5 μm-20 μm, and a zigzag electric field distribution structure is adopted.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer layer of the modular sandwich structure is covered with a protective shell, which is made of a biocompatible material, specifically selected from aluminum nitride ceramics or titanium alloy; a silicone rubber buffer layer is filled between the protective shell and the internal module.

[0021] Furthermore, the pump chamber of the magnetic levitation blood pump is formed by 3D printing using selective laser sintering technology and is made of medical-grade polyurethane or silicone rubber material; the impeller of the magnetic levitation blood pump adopts a centrifugal design, and the surface of the impeller is coated with a phosphorylcholine group bionic coating, a covalently bonded heparin coating and a polysulfobetaine zwitterionic polymer coating in sequence.

[0022] Furthermore, the driving system of the magnetic levitation blood pump includes a stator coil and a Hall sensor, which generates a rotating magnetic field through closed-loop feedback control to maintain the stability of the impeller suspension. The stator coil uses medical-grade polyetheretherketone or polytetrafluoroethylene as a biocompatible insulating packaging material, or uses a composite packaging structure formed by a polydopamine bionic coating and a chitosan-based composite material.

[0023] Furthermore, the peak power output of the supercapacitor energy storage module is not less than 20 watts, which is used to supplement the basic power output of the nuclear battery when the blood pump flow changes suddenly.

[0024] Furthermore, the total power output of the nuclear battery energy supply module is 1 watt to 2 watts, and it cooperates with the supercapacitor energy storage module to realize a hybrid energy supply mode.

[0025] Further, the control module includes an embedded microprocessor and an adaptive control algorithm of a decision model;

[0026] Real-time data collection of cardiac output, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and impeller position, dynamic adjustment of pump speed through deep reinforcement learning model, to achieve precise matching with the patient's physiological needs;

[0027] The control module is equipped with a thrombosis risk prediction module and a time-series convolutional neural network model, which integrates historical physiological data with real-time hemodynamic parameters, extracts key features through an attention mechanism, predicts the probability of thrombosis, and sends multi-level warning signals to the medical terminal.

[0028] A control method of a magnetically suspended heart pump powered by a nuclear battery, which controls the above system, comprises the following specific steps:

[0029] S1: Multimodal physiological signal acquisition and preprocessing

[0030] The patient's cardiac output, arterial blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, impeller speed and pump chamber shear stress signals are collected in real time; the original signals are filtered, normalized and feature extracted through the embedded microprocessor to generate a standardized physiological data set.

[0031] S2: Dynamic pump speed control and energy distribution

[0032] The standardized physiological data set was input into the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model, which was pre-trained for 500,000 steps based on the PPO algorithm and output the target pump speed adjustment; if the cardiac output demand increased, the pump speed was increased according to the predetermined program; if the blood oxygen saturation decreased (ΔSpO 2 ≤3%), the emergency mode is triggered, the pump speed is instantly increased to 4000rpm, and the supercapacitor energy storage module is activated to replenish energy; the impeller speed of the magnetic levitation blood pump is adjusted according to different physiological conditions, so that it can be continuously adjusted within the range of 1800rpm to 4000rpm.

[0033] S3: Thrombosis risk prediction and active warning

[0034] Real-time hemodynamic parameters (including pump chamber pressure, blood flow velocity, and D-dimer concentration) are input into a temporal convolutional neural network (TCN) model; the TCN model includes 4 layers of dilated convolution and a multi-head attention mechanism, and outputs the probability of thrombosis (P_thrombus); if P_thrombus ≥ 0.7, a three-level warning signal (low / medium / high risk) is sent to the medical terminal through the wireless communication module, and the pump speed is automatically adjusted to reduce shear stress.

[0035] S4: Wireless communication and remote collaborative control

[0036] The pump speed, energy status and warning information are transmitted to the external terminal via Bluetooth / Wi-Fi protocol; remote commands are received to update DRL model parameters or switch control modes (such as sleep mode: fixed pump speed 1800rpm; sports mode: adaptive dynamic adjustment).

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] Through the innovative nuclear energy-capacitor hybrid energy supply system, nickel-63 nuclear batteries provide lifelong basic energy supply (1-2 watts), combined with supercapacitors that release peak power of no less than 20 watts in a short time, to achieve a precise balance between energy density and dynamic demand. The overall life of the system exceeds 50 years, which completely solves the pain points of traditional artificial hearts relying on external power supplies and frequent battery replacement. The AI-driven adaptive control system deeply integrates machine learning algorithms and multimodal physiological sensing technology to collect cardiac output, blood oxygen and impeller status data in real time, dynamically optimize pump speed and flow distribution, not only reducing average energy consumption, but also accurately matching changes in patients' physiological states such as exercise and sleep. At the same time, neural networks are used to predict thrombosis risks and actively warn, greatly improving treatment safety. In addition, the entire system adopts a wire-free fully implantable design, and wireless communication modules are used to achieve parameter calibration, remote upgrades and fault diagnosis, completely eliminating the risk of infection caused by percutaneous wires (the infection rate of traditional VADs is 10%-20%). Combined with 3D printed customized pump chambers and anticoagulant coatings, the incidence of thrombosis and complications is significantly reduced, providing a safe, long-term and intelligent treatment option for patients with end-stage heart failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sandwich packaging structure of the nuclear battery module;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a periodic graphene intercalation;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a crystal plane diagram of the diamond substrate;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the blood pump structure;

[0044] Figure 6 It is the control flow chart of the control system.

[0045] Figure numerals: 1. nuclear battery energy supply module; 2. supercapacitor energy storage module; 3. control module; 4. magnetic levitation blood pump; 5. wireless communication module; 6. protective layer; 7. upper electrode; 8. diamond semiconductor layer; 9. radiation source layer; 10. lower electrode; 11. graphene intercalation layer; 12. periodic micro-pillar array; 13. diamond substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The magnetic levitation heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply of the present invention includes a magnetic levitation blood pump 4, a nuclear battery power supply module 1, a supercapacitor energy storage module 2 and a control module 3. Among them, the magnetic levitation blood pump 4 drives the centrifugal impeller through a magnetic levitation bearing, and the surface of the impeller is coated with an anti-coagulation coating, and the inner wall of the blood pump flow channel is polished to reduce the blood flow resistance, and the two work together to achieve non-contact blood drive; the nuclear battery power supply module 1 is composed of a single crystal diamond substrate 13, a nickel-63 fuel layer and a top diamond packaging layer. Each power generation unit is independently packaged and stacked into a modular sandwich structure that works in conjunction with the supercapacitor energy storage module 2 to form a dual-mode energy network; the control module 3 collects physiological data in real time and dynamically adjusts the pump speed based on the adaptive intelligent control algorithm of the DeepSeek-R1 framework and the OpenAI GPT-4o generative decision model, and dynamically adjusts the pump speed through the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model to ensure that the hemodynamics are accurately matched with the patient's needs.

[0048] The nuclear battery energy supply module 1 uses nickel-63 as fuel and adopts diamond packaging technology. It is composed of a single crystal diamond substrate 13, a radiation source layer 9 and a top diamond packaging layer to form an independent power generation unit. Each unit is stacked into a modular sandwich structure. The outer layer is covered with a protective layer 6 formed by a biocompatible aluminum nitride ceramic or titanium alloy protective shell. The total power output is 1 watt to 2 watts. The crystal surface of the single crystal diamond substrate 13 is plasma etched to form a periodic micro-column array 12; its working principle is: after the beta particles (maximum energy 66.9 keV) released by the decay of nickel-63 penetrate the fuel layer, they are ionized in the diamond layer to generate electron-hole pairs, which are separated by a built-in electric field to form a current. The open circuit voltage of the single-layer power generation unit reaches 0.85V, and the energy conversion efficiency is ≥15%.

[0049] Each unit in the nuclear battery energy supply module 1 is stacked into a modular sandwich structure (layer spacing 5μm-20μm) through diamond-metal (Ti / Pt / Au) bonding, such as Figure 2 As shown, from top to bottom, the sandwich structure is a protective layer 6, an upper electrode 7, a diamond semiconductor layer 8, a radiation source layer 9, a lower electrode 10 and a graphene intercalation layer 11; combined with the sawtooth electric field distribution design, the β-particle penetration rate is less than 0.1%, and the overall radiation dose rate is less than 0.05μSv / h, which meets safety standards and ensures long-term implantation safety. This design achieves efficient energy conversion and miniaturized integration through nanostructure optimization, diamond packaging and graphene enhancement technology, breaking through the power density and radiation safety bottlenecks of traditional nuclear batteries. The modular sandwich structure solves the problem of the excessive size of traditional nuclear batteries (size ≤50×50×30mm) by using an independent power generation unit stacking design. 3); Diamond packaging, single crystal base + top packaging layer, effectively reduce radiation leakage rate; through the nickel-63 decay can continuously provide energy for more than 50 years, the total power of the intelligent nuclear-powered heart pump system is 1 watt to 2 watts, without the need to replace batteries.

[0050] The magnetic suspension blood pump 4 includes a centrifugal impeller, a magnetic suspension drive unit and a 3D printed pump chamber. The impeller speed range is 1800 rpm-4000 rpm, and the surface is coated with a heparin-polydopamine composite coating and an anti-coagulation coating; the magnetic suspension drive unit adopts closed-loop control to control the dielectric strength of the stator coil packaging material, and maintains the stability of the impeller suspension through closed-loop feedback electromagnetic force. The stator coil adopts biocompatible insulating materials such as medical-grade polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or a composite packaging structure formed by a polydopamine bionic coating and a chitosan-based composite material as packaging; the pump chamber flow channel is optimized by fluid mechanics and is 3D printed by selective laser sintering (SLS) technology. The material is medical-grade polyurethane or silicone rubber. The SLS-molded medical polyurethane pump chamber has a flow channel turbulence intensity reduced to less than 5%, which is much smaller than the traditional pump chamber.

[0051] The peak power output of the supercapacitor energy storage module 2 is not less than 20 watts, which is used to supplement the basic power of the nuclear battery when the blood pump flow changes suddenly, ensuring the dynamic balance between energy density and power output. The supercapacitor energy storage module 2 used can dynamically balance the power of the nuclear battery through instantaneous energy replenishment in scenarios such as exercise and stress through capacitors. At the same time, the nuclear battery provides a basic power of 1 watt to 2 watts.

[0052] The control module 3 in the nuclear-powered heart pump includes an embedded microprocessor and a lightweight AI model, which collects cardiac output, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and impeller position data in real time, and dynamically adjusts the pump speed through a machine learning algorithm. The learning algorithm is based on DRL dynamic regulation, and an adaptive intelligent control algorithm based on the DeepSeek-R1 framework and the OpenAI GPT-4o generative decision model, so that the pump speed control error is less than 5%. At the same time, a thrombosis risk prediction module - TCN thrombosis prediction is configured, which integrates 17-dimensional real-time data (historical physiological data and real-time hemodynamic parameters, shear stress, D-dimer, coagulation factor concentration, etc.) based on a neural network model through an attention mechanism to extract key features, predict the probability of thrombosis, and send early warning signals to the medical terminal.

[0053] The design scheme of the artificial heart pump dynamic control system and thrombus prediction module based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is as follows. The DRL algorithm constructs the state space through 12-dimensional real-time physiological and equipment parameters (such as cardiac output, blood oxygen saturation, impeller speed, etc.), uses the PPO algorithm for 500,000 steps of offline pre-training, and combines federated learning to update the model weekly, outputs the impeller speed adjustment (discrete three gears or continuous adjustment), and aims to optimize the control under the constraints of energy efficiency ratio ≥ 80% and turbulence intensity ≤ 5%; the thrombus risk prediction adopts the TCN model, inputs 17-dimensional time series data (including blood flow velocity, D-dimer concentration, etc.), calculates the probability through 4-layer dilated convolution and multi-head attention mechanism, triggers warning with a threshold of 0.7, and realizes <50ms real-time inference on the FPGA accelerator. In actual applications, the basic speed is set at 1800rpm, linearly adjusted according to cardiac output, and the safety of patients is ensured by safety thresholds (such as blood oxygen <90% for 10 seconds to enter emergency mode).

[0054] The magnetic levitation heart pump system powered by nuclear batteries needs to adopt a wire-free implant design. All components are connected to the external terminal through the wireless communication module 5, supporting postoperative parameter calibration, remote software upgrades and fault diagnosis. The wireless communication and wire-free design can reduce the infection risk to zero and completely eliminate the risk of percutaneous wire infection.

[0055] A specific case is provided below to introduce the solution of the present invention in detail.

[0056] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the nuclear powered heart pump and its intelligent system of the present invention include a magnetic suspension blood pump 4, a nuclear battery energy supply module 1, a super capacitor energy storage module 2, a control module 3 and a wireless communication module 5. The components work together to achieve lifelong energy supply, dynamic power regulation and intelligent blood drive.

[0057] In the present invention, the nuclear battery energy supply module 1 uses nickel-63 as fuel and adopts diamond packaging technology ( Figure 2 As shown): The nuclear battery adopts multi-layer diamond composite packaging technology, including an independent power generation unit composed of a single crystal diamond substrate 13, a nickel-63 fuel layer and a diamond packaging layer. Each unit is stacked into a modular sandwich structure (layer spacing 5-20μm) through diamond-metal (Ti / Pt / Au) bonding. The outer layer is covered with aluminum nitride ceramic or titanium alloy protective shell to shield radiation, which can provide 1-2 watts of basic power.

[0058] Its working principle is as follows: after the beta particles (maximum energy 66.9keV) released by the decay of nickel-63 penetrate the fuel layer, they are ionized in the diamond layer to produce electron-hole pairs, which are separated by the built-in electric field to form current. The open-circuit voltage of a single-layer unit reaches 0.85V, and the energy conversion efficiency is ≥15%. Combined with the sawtooth electric field distribution design, the beta particle penetration rate is <0.1%, and the radiation dose rate is <0.05μSv / h, which meets safety standards and realizes efficient miniaturized energy supply and lifelong safe implantation.

[0059] In the present invention, the supercapacitor energy storage module 2 is connected in parallel with the nuclear battery, and the peak power output is not less than 20 watts, which is used to instantly supplement the power gap when the blood pump flow changes suddenly (such as when the patient moves), achieving a precise balance between energy density and dynamic demand. This dual-mode energy supply system enables the overall system life to exceed 50 years, completely getting rid of the traditional VAD's dependence on external power supplies.

[0060] In the example of the present invention, the control module 3 runs a lightweight machine learning model based on an embedded microprocessor, collects cardiac output, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and impeller position data in real time, and dynamically optimizes the pump speed and flow distribution through an algorithm. For example, the pump speed is automatically increased to 4000 rpm when the patient is exercising, and reduced to 1800 rpm when sleeping, accurately matching physiological needs. At the same time, the system integrates a thrombosis risk prediction module, and the temporal convolutional neural network (TCN) model of the adaptive intelligent control algorithm based on the DeepSeek-R1 framework and the OpenAI GPT-4o generative decision model analyzes historical and real-time data (such as blood flow velocity, pump chamber pressure), predicts the risk of thrombosis, and sends a warning signal to the medical terminal through the wireless communication module 5 to achieve active safety protection.

[0061] In the example of the present invention, the magnetic levitation blood pump 4 realizes non-contact blood drive through a centrifugal impeller (rotation speed 1800-4000 rpm). The surface of the impeller is coated with an anti-coagulant coating (such as a bionic coating of phosphorylcholine groups, a covalently bonded heparin coating, and a polysulfobetaine zwitterionic polymer coating), combined with a 3D printed pump chamber optimized by fluid mechanics (the material is medical grade polyurethane or silicone rubber), which significantly reduces the risk of turbulence and thrombosis. The magnetic levitation drive unit is composed of a stator coil and a Hall sensor, which generates a rotating magnetic field through closed-loop feedback control to maintain the stability of the impeller suspension. The pump chamber is implanted between the left ventricle and the aorta through minimally invasive surgery, and directly participates in physiological blood circulation support.

[0062] In the present invention, all implanted components of the system (blood pump, nuclear battery, supercapacitor, control module 3) are not connected by percutaneous wires and are encapsulated by biocompatible materials. The wireless communication module 5 supports Bluetooth / Wi-Fi protocol, realizes postoperative parameter calibration (such as initial pump speed setting), remote software upgrade (optimization of AI algorithm) and real-time fault diagnosis (such as nuclear battery output abnormal alarm), completely eliminating the infection risk caused by wires in traditional VAD (the incidence rate is reduced to 0%).

[0063] Take an actual usage scenario as an example: when a patient climbs a mountain, the cardiac output demand suddenly increases. Through physiological perception, the control module 3 will sense the decrease in blood oxygen saturation and the cardiac output demand will increase from 5L / min to 12L / min; the supercapacitor releases power instantly and the pump speed increases rapidly in a short period of time; the 3D printed flow channel will control the turbulence intensity to avoid the risk of hemolysis; the TCN model predicts shear stress abnormalities, triggers a first-level warning and adjusts the pump speed; finally, the real-time data is encrypted and transmitted to the patient's smart watch and the hospital monitoring platform.

[0064] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetically suspended heart pump system powered by a nuclear battery, characterized in that: It includes a nuclear battery energy supply module, a magnetic levitation blood pump, a supercapacitor energy storage module, a wireless communication module and a control module; The nuclear battery energy supply module uses nickel-63 as fuel, adopts diamond packaging and modular sandwich structure, and supplies energy for the magnetic levitation blood pump; The supercapacitor energy storage module is used to release peak power in a short time to provide auxiliary energy for the magnetic suspension blood pump; The control module dynamically adjusts the blood pump operating parameters based on a machine learning algorithm; The magnetic levitation heart pump system is connected to an external terminal via a wireless communication module, and all implanted components are connected without percutaneous wires, and no external cables are required to penetrate the skin.

2. The magnetic levitation heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nuclear battery energy supply module specifically comprises: a single crystal diamond substrate, the crystal surface of which is plasma etched to form a periodic micro-column array; The nickel-63 fuel layer deposited on the substrate is formed into a nano-island structure using a magnetron sputtering process; The top diamond encapsulation layer is a carbon-12 isotope diamond film grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition process, with its crystal plane parallel to the substrate surface; Charge collection enhancement structure with periodic graphene intercalation embedded at the interface between substrate and encapsulation layer.

3. The magnetic levitation heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each unit is bonded via a diamond-metal interface and stacked into a modular sandwich structure, with the stacking layer spacing controlled at 5μm-20μm.

4. The magnetically suspended heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The outer layer of the modular sandwich structure is covered with a protective shell, which is made of a biocompatible material, specifically selected from aluminum nitride ceramics or titanium alloy; a silicone rubber buffer layer is filled between the protective shell and the internal module.

5. The magnetically suspended heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pump chamber of the magnetic levitation blood pump is formed by 3D printing using selective laser sintering technology and is made of medical-grade polyurethane or silicone rubber material; the impeller of the magnetic levitation blood pump adopts a centrifugal design, and the surface of the impeller is coated with a phosphorylcholine group bionic coating, a covalently bonded heparin coating and a polysulfobetaine zwitterionic polymer coating in sequence.

6. The magnetically suspended heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The driving system of the magnetic levitation blood pump includes a stator coil and a Hall sensor, which generates a rotating magnetic field through closed-loop feedback control to maintain the stability of the impeller suspension. The stator coil uses medical-grade polyetheretherketone or polytetrafluoroethylene as a biocompatible insulating packaging material, or uses a composite packaging structure formed by a polydopamine bionic coating and a chitosan-based composite material.

7. The magnetic levitation heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The peak power output of the supercapacitor energy storage module is not less than 20 watts, and is used to supplement the basic power output of the nuclear battery when the blood pump flow rate changes suddenly.

8. The magnetically suspended heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The total power output of the nuclear battery energy supply module is 1 watt to 2 watts, and it cooperates with the supercapacitor energy storage module to realize a hybrid energy supply mode.

9. The magnetic levitation heart pump system based on nuclear battery power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control module includes an embedded microprocessor and an adaptive control algorithm of a decision model; Real-time collection of cardiac output, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and impeller position data, dynamic adjustment of pump speed through deep reinforcement learning model, to achieve precise matching with the patient's physiological needs; The control module is equipped with a thrombosis risk prediction module and a time-series convolutional neural network model, which integrates historical physiological data with real-time hemodynamic parameters, extracts key features through an attention mechanism, predicts the probability of thrombosis, and sends multi-level warning signals to the medical terminal.

10. A control method for a magnetically suspended heart pump powered by a nuclear battery, for controlling the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Multimodal physiological signal acquisition and preprocessing Collect the patient's cardiac output, arterial blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, impeller speed and pump chamber shear stress signals in real time; filter, normalize and extract features of the original signals through the embedded microprocessor to generate a standardized physiological data set; S2: Dynamic pump speed control and energy distribution The standardized physiological data set is input into the deep reinforcement learning model. The DRL model is pre-trained for 500,000 steps based on the PPO algorithm and outputs the target pump speed adjustment amount. If the cardiac output demand increases, the pump speed is increased according to the predetermined program. If the blood oxygen saturation decreases, the emergency mode is triggered, the pump speed is instantly increased to 4000rpm, and the supercapacitor energy storage module is activated for energy replenishment. The impeller speed of the magnetic suspension blood pump is adjusted according to different physiological conditions so that it can be continuously adjusted within the range of 1800rpm to 4000rpm. S3: Thrombosis risk prediction and active warning The real-time hemodynamic parameters are input into a time series convolutional neural network (TCN) model; the TCN model includes 4 layers of dilated convolution and a multi-head attention mechanism, and outputs the probability of thrombosis P_thrombus; if P_thrombus ≥ 0.7, a third-level warning signal is sent to the medical terminal through the wireless communication module, and the pump speed is automatically adjusted to reduce shear stress; S4: Wireless communication and remote collaborative control Transmit pump speed, energy status and warning information to external terminals via Bluetooth / Wi-Fi protocol; receive remote commands to update DRL model parameters or switch control modes.

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