An unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying

Abstract

The present application relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying, belonging to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles. It includes a flight body, a flight mechanism, a stabilization mechanism, and a shooting mechanism. The flight mechanism is arranged on the flight body and is used for flight. The stabilization mechanism is arranged on the flight body, and the shooting mechanism is arranged on the stabilization mechanism. When the flight body pitches or tilts and swings, the stabilization mechanism drives the shooting mechanism to rotate. The present application has the effect of making the quality of topographic surveying by the unmanned aerial vehicle better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and more particularly to an unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Topographic surveying and mapping refers to the operation of surveying and mapping topographic maps, that is, measuring the projection positions and elevations of ground features and terrains on the earth's surface on a horizontal plane, reducing them according to a certain ratio, and drawing them into topographic maps with symbols and annotations. The surveying and mapping of topographic maps basically uses aerial photogrammetry methods, and aerial photos are mainly used for mapping indoors. With the continuous development of science and technology, advanced digital aerial photogrammetry technology has been widely used in the surveying and mapping geographic information industry, and the topographic surveying and mapping industry in China has also made great progress in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0003] According to Chinese Patent Authorization No. CN 111792032 A, it discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle including a multi-angle detection mechanism, a buffer soft landing mechanism, a protection mechanism, a mounting frame, and a carrying platform; four rotating arms distributed in a matrix are provided at the top edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a propeller is provided at the top end of each rotating arm. The protection mechanism includes a driving component and four propeller protection components arranged on the top of the carrying platform, and each propeller protection component includes a protective cover, a buffer component, a mounting seat, and a connecting plate.

[0004] In view of the above related technologies, when the unmanned aerial vehicle conducts topographic surveying and mapping, it needs to move forward and backward or fly laterally continuously. At this time, the multi-angle detection mechanism swings up and down or tilts together with the unmanned aerial vehicle body, which easily causes the picture taken by the multi-angle detection mechanism to shake and easily causes deviation in the surveyed terrain. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make the quality of topographic surveying and mapping by the unmanned aerial vehicle better, this application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying and mapping.

[0006] An unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying and mapping provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying and mapping includes a flight body, a flight mechanism, a stabilizing mechanism, and a photographing mechanism. The flight mechanism is arranged on the flight body and is used for flight. The stabilizing mechanism is arranged on the flight body, and the photographing mechanism is arranged on the stabilizing mechanism. When the flight body pitches or tilts and swings, the stabilizing mechanism drives the photographing mechanism to rotate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the flying body needs to fly, the flight mechanism drives the flying body to fly. When the flight mechanism drives the flying body to move forward and backward or fly laterally, the stabilizing mechanism drives the photographing mechanism to rotate relative to the flying body, so as to resist the pitching or tilting of the flying body, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism always remains unchanged, so that the quality of topographic mapping by the UAV is better, and it improves the problem that when the UAV conducts topographic mapping, it needs to move forward and backward or fly laterally continuously. At this time, the photographing mechanism swings up and down or tilts together with the UAV body, which easily causes the image captured by the photographing mechanism to shake and easily causes deviation in the mapped terrain.

[0009] Optionally, the stabilizing mechanism further includes a stabilizing cover, two stabilizing rods and a stabilizing ring. The stabilizing cover is rotatably arranged on the flying body. The two stabilizing rods are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the stabilizing cover. The axes of the two stabilizing rods are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the stabilizing cover. The stabilizing ring is provided with two through stabilizing holes. When the stabilizing ring is rotatably arranged on the stabilizing cover, the two stabilizing rods respectively pass through and are rotatably connected to the two stabilizing holes. The photographing mechanism is arranged on the stabilizing ring.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the flying body pitches, the gravity of the photographing mechanism drives the stabilizing cover to rotate relative to the flying body, so as to resist the pitching of the flying body, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism always remains unchanged. When the flying body rolls, the gravity of the photographing mechanism drives the stabilizing ring to rotate relative to the flying body, so as to resist the rolling of the flying body, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism always remains unchanged, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism is more stable, and the quality of UAV topographic mapping is better.

[0011] Optionally, the stabilizing mechanism further includes a locking assembly. The locking assembly includes a locking ratchet wheel, two locking pawls, two locking torsion springs, a locking motor and a locking block. The locking ratchet wheel is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotation shaft of the stabilizing cover. The two locking pawls are both rotatably arranged on the flying body. One ends of the two locking torsion springs are fixedly connected to the flying body respectively. The other ends of the two locking torsion springs are respectively fixedly connected to the two locking pawls. The locking motor is fixedly arranged on the flying body. The locking block is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the locking motor. When the two locking pawls are engaged with the locking ratchet wheel, the two locking pawls are both abutted against the locking block.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the stabilizing cover needs to resist the pitching of the flying body, the locking motor is driven, and the output shaft of the locking motor drives the locking block to rotate, so that the locking block is disengaged from the two locking pawls, so that the two locking torsion springs drive the two locking pawls to rotate away from each other, so that the two locking pawls are disengaged from the engagement with the locking ratchet wheel, so that when the flying body pitches, the stabilizing cover rotates relative to the flying body. When the stabilizing cover does not need to resist the pitching of the flying body, one end of each of the two locking pawls abuts against the locking block, and the other end of each of the two locking pawls engages with the locking ratchet wheel, so that the stabilizing cover is fixed to the flying body, so that when the flying body pitches, the stabilizing cover pitches together with the flying body, so that the stabilizing mechanism can more easily meet the different shooting requirements of the drone and has better usability.

[0013] Optionally, the stabilizing mechanism further includes a locking assembly, the locking assembly includes two locking blocks, two locking springs, a locking motor and an unlocking block. The two locking blocks are both slidably fitted to the stabilizing ring. One end of each of the two locking springs is fixedly connected to the stabilizing ring, and the other end of each of the two locking springs is fixedly connected to one of the two locking blocks respectively. The locking motor is fixedly arranged on the stabilizing ring, and the unlocking block is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the locking motor. When the stabilizing ring is fixedly arranged on the stabilizing cover, the two locking blocks respectively abut against and fix the two sides of one of the stabilizing rods.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the stabilizing ring needs to resist the roll of the flying body, the locking motor is driven, the output shaft of the locking motor drives the unlocking block to rotate, and the rotation of the unlocking block drives the two locking blocks to slide away from each other respectively until the two locking blocks are disengaged from the abutting and fixing with the stabilizing rods, so that when the flying body rolls, the stabilizing ring rotates relative to the flying body. When the stabilizing ring does not need to resist the roll of the flying body, the two locking springs respectively push the two locking blocks to slide towards each other until the two locking blocks respectively abut against and fix the two sides of one of the stabilizing rods, so that the stabilizing ring is fixedly connected to the stabilizing cover, so that when the flying body rolls, the stabilizing ring rolls together with the flying body, so that the stabilizing mechanism can more easily meet the different shooting requirements of the drone and has better usability.

[0015] Optionally, the shooting mechanism includes a rotation motor and a shooting module. The rotation motor is fixedly arranged on the stabilizing ring. One end of the shooting module is rotatably connected to the stabilizing ring, and the other end of the shooting module is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotation motor.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the shooting angle of the shooting module needs to be rotated, the rotation motor is driven, and the output shaft of the rotation motor drives the shooting to rotate relative to the stabilizing ring, so as to complete the adjustment of the shooting angle, so that the shooting angle of the drone is more diversified and the usability is better.

[0017] Optionally, the photographing mechanism further includes a balance weight, which is rotatably connected to the stabilizing ring. When the photographing module rotates, the balance weight rotates in the opposite direction.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the balance weight enables the center of gravity of the photographing mechanism to always remain stable and not prone to deviation when the photographing module rotates relative to the stabilizing ring. Thus, the position maintained by the stabilizing mechanism driving the photographing mechanism always remains stable, making it more user-friendly.

[0019] Optionally, the photographing mechanism further includes a linkage assembly, which includes a main linkage gear and a secondary linkage gear. The main linkage gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the rotating motor, and the secondary linkage gear is fixedly connected to the balance weight. The main linkage gear and the secondary linkage gear are meshed.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rotating motor rotates, the output shaft of the rotating motor drives the main linkage gear to rotate. The main linkage gear rotates to drive the secondary linkage gear to rotate. The secondary linkage gear rotates to drive the balance weight to rotate relative to the stabilizing ring, thereby completing the drive for the balance weight and the photographing module to rotate in opposite directions, making the drive of the balance weight simpler and more convenient, and making it more user-friendly.

[0021] Optionally, it further includes a landing mechanism, which includes a landing seat, a plurality of landing rods, and a landing assembly. The landing seat is fixedly arranged on the flying body, and each landing rod is rotatably arranged on the landing seat. The landing assembly includes a plurality of shock absorbers. One end of each shock absorber is fixedly connected to the landing seat, and the other end of each shock absorber is fixedly connected to each landing rod respectively.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drone lands, the flying body drives the landing seat to land. The landing seat drives each landing rod to land until each landing rod abuts against the ground. Each landing rod rotates towards the direction close to the drone, thereby respectively compressing each shock absorber. Subsequently, each shock absorber drives each landing rod to reset, thereby reducing the impact force when the drone lands, making it more user-friendly.

[0023] Optionally, each landing rod includes a first landing part and a second landing part. Each first landing part is slidably matched with each second landing part. The landing assembly further includes a plurality of landing springs. One end of each landing spring is fixedly connected to each first landing part respectively, and the other end of each landing spring is fixedly connected to each second landing part respectively.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drone lands, each second landing part slides towards the direction close to each first landing part respectively, thereby respectively compressing each landing spring. Subsequently, each landing spring drives each second landing part to reset, thereby further reducing the impact force when the drone lands, making it more user-friendly.

[0025] Optionally, the landing mechanism further includes a fixing component, which includes a plurality of fixing blocks and a plurality of fixing springs. Each of the fixing blocks is slidably engaged with the flying body. One end of each of the fixing springs is fixedly connected to the flying body, and the other end of each of the fixing springs is fixedly connected to each of the fixing blocks respectively. The landing seat is provided with a plurality of fixing grooves. When the landing seat is fixedly connected to the flying body, each of the fixing blocks respectively penetrates and is snap-fitted with each of the fixing grooves.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the landing seat needs to be fixedly arranged on the flying body, each of the fixing blocks slides towards the direction close to each of the fixing grooves until each of the fixing blocks respectively penetrates and is snap-fitted with each of the fixing grooves, so that the landing seat is fixedly arranged on the flying body. When the landing seat needs to be disengaged from the fixed connection with the flying body, the landing seat is moved away from the flying body, thereby pushing each of the fixing blocks to slide away from each of the fixing grooves until each of the fixing blocks is disengaged from the snap-fitting with each of the fixing grooves, so that the landing seat is disengaged from the fixation with the flying body, making the disassembly of the landing seat simpler and more convenient and improving the usability.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] When the flying body needs to fly, the flying mechanism drives the flying body to fly. When the flying mechanism drives the flying body to move forward and backward or fly laterally, the stabilizing mechanism drives the photographing mechanism to rotate relative to the flying body, thereby resisting the pitching or tilting of the flying body, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism always remains unchanged, improving the quality of terrain mapping by the drone. When the drone is used for terrain mapping and needs to move forward and backward or fly laterally continuously, the multi-angle detection mechanism swings up and down or tilts together with the drone body, which easily causes the picture taken by the multi-angle detection mechanism to shake and easily leads to deviation in the mapped terrain.

[0029] When the flying body pitches, the gravity of the photographing mechanism drives the stabilizing cover to rotate relative to the flying body, thereby resisting the pitching of the flying body, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism always remains unchanged. When the flying body rolls, the gravity of the photographing mechanism drives the stabilizing ring to rotate relative to the flying body, thereby resisting the rolling of the flying body, so that the photographing position of the photographing mechanism always remains unchanged, making the photographing position of the photographing mechanism more stable and improving the quality of drone terrain mapping.

[0030] When the stabilizing cover needs to resist the pitching of the flight body, the locking motor is driven, and the output shaft of the locking motor drives the locking block to rotate, so that the locking block is disengaged from the two locking pawls, so that the two locking torsion springs drive the two locking pawls to rotate away from each other, so that the two locking pawls are disengaged from the engagement with the locking ratchet wheel, so that when the flight body pitches, the stabilizing cover rotates relative to the flight body. When the stabilizing cover does not need to resist the pitching of the flight body, one end of each of the two locking pawls abuts against the locking block, and the other end of each of the two locking pawls engages with the locking ratchet wheel, so that the stabilizing cover is fixed to the flight body, so that when the flight body pitches, the stabilizing cover pitches together with the flight body, so that the stabilizing mechanism can more easily meet the different shooting requirements of the drone and has better usability. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stabilizing mechanism of an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stabilizing cover of an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking assembly of an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking component of an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 6 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A of

[0037] Description of the reference numerals: 1, flight body; 2, flight mechanism; 21, flight bracket; 22, flight motor; 23, flight fan blade; 3, stabilizing mechanism; 31, stabilizing cover; 32, stabilizing rod; 33, stabilizing ring; 34, locking assembly; 341, locking ratchet wheel; 342, locking pawl; 343, locking torsion spring; 344, locking motor; 345, locking block; 35, locking component; 351, locking block; 352, locking spring; 353, locking motor; 354, unlocking block; 4, shooting mechanism; 41, shooting seat; 42, rotating motor; 43, shooting module; 44, linkage component; 441, main linkage gear; 442, secondary linkage gear; 45, balance block; 5, landing mechanism; 51, landing seat; 52, fixing component; 521, fixing block; 522, fixing spring; 53, landing rod; 531, first landing part; 532, second landing part; 54, landing component; 541, shock absorber; 542, landing spring. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] The following will further elaborate on this application in conjunction with the attached drawings. Figures 1-5 This application will be further described in detail below.

[0039] An embodiment of this application discloses a drone for topographic surveying. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a drone for topographic surveying includes a flight body 1, a flight mechanism 2, a stabilizing mechanism 3, a photographing mechanism 4, and a landing mechanism 5. The flight body 1 is square. The flight mechanism 2 is arranged on the flight body 1. The stabilizing mechanism 3 is arranged on the flight body 1. The photographing mechanism 4 is arranged on the stabilizing mechanism 3. The landing mechanism 5 is arranged on the flight body 1.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 , the flight mechanism 2 includes a plurality of flight brackets 21, a plurality of flight motors 22, and a plurality of flight fan blades 23. Each flight bracket 21 is rotatably arranged on the flight body 1. Each flight motor 22 is fixedly arranged at one end of each flight bracket 21 away from the flight body 1. Each flight fan blade 23 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of each flight motor 22.

[0041] Referring to Figure 2 , the stabilizing mechanism 3 further includes a stabilizing cover 31, two stabilizing rods 32, and a stabilizing ring 33. A stabilizing groove is formed at the middle position of the flight body 1. In the embodiment of this application, the stabilizing cover 31 is a large hemispherical transparent cover body. The stabilizing cover 31 is rotatably arranged in the stabilizing groove. The two stabilizing rods 32 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the stabilizing cover 31. The two stabilizing rods 32 are respectively located on both sides of the stabilizing cover 31. The axes of the two stabilizing rods 32 are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the stabilizing cover 31. The stabilizing ring 33 is in a circular ring shape. The stabilizing ring 33 is provided with two through stabilizing holes. When the stabilizing ring 33 is rotatably arranged on the stabilizing cover 31, the two stabilizing rods 32 respectively pass through and are rotatably connected to the two stabilizing holes.

[0042] Referring to Figure 3 , the stabilizing mechanism 3 further includes a locking assembly 34. The locking assembly 34 includes a locking ratchet 341, two locking pawls 342, two locking torsion springs 343, a locking motor 344, and a locking block 345. A locking groove is formed in the flight body 1. The locking ratchet 341 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotation axis of the stabilizing cover 31 and is located in the locking groove. The two locking pawls 342 are both rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the locking groove. The two locking torsion springs 343 are both located in the locking groove. One end of each of the two locking torsion springs 343 is fixedly connected to the flight body 1. The other ends of the two locking torsion springs 343 are respectively fixedly connected to the two locking pawls 342. The locking motor 344 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the locking groove. The locking block 345 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the locking motor 344. When the two locking pawls 342 are engaged with the locking ratchet 341, the two locking pawls 342 are both in contact with the locking block 345.

[0043] When the stabilizing cover 31 needs to resist the pitching of the flying body 1, the locking motor 344 is driven. The output shaft of the locking motor 344 drives the locking block 345 to rotate, so that the locking block 345 disengages from the two locking pawls 342. As a result, the two locking torsion springs 343 drive the two locking pawls 342 to rotate away from each other at the ends close to the locking ratchet 341, so that the two locking pawls 342 disengage from the engagement with the locking ratchet 341. When the flying body 1 pitches, the stabilizing cover 31 rotates relative to the flying body 1. When the stabilizing cover 31 does not need to resist the pitching of the flying body 1, the locking motor 344 is driven. The output shaft of the locking motor 344 drives the locking block 345 to rotate, so that the ends of the two locking pawls 342 close to the locking block 345 are in contact with the locking block 345 respectively. As a result, the ends of the two locking pawls 342 close to the locking ratchet 341 rotate towards each other until the other ends of the two locking pawls 342 are engaged with the locking ratchet 341 respectively, so that the stabilizing cover 31 is fixed to the flying body 1. When the flying body 1 pitches, the stabilizing cover 31 pitches together with the flying body 1.

[0044] Referring to Figure 4 , the stabilizing mechanism 3 further includes a locking assembly 35. The locking assembly 35 includes two locking blocks 351, two locking springs 352, a locking motor 353 and an unlocking block 354. Two locking slots are formed in the stabilizing ring 33. The two locking blocks 351 are respectively inserted and slidably engaged in the two locking slots. The two locking springs 352 are respectively located in the two locking slots. One ends of the two locking springs 352 are respectively fixedly connected to the slot bodies of the two locking slots, and the other ends of the two locking springs 352 are respectively fixedly connected to the two locking blocks 351. The locking motor 353 is fixedly arranged on the stabilizing ring 33, and the unlocking block 354 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the locking motor 353. When the stabilizing ring 33 is fixedly arranged on the stabilizing cover 31, the two locking blocks 351 are respectively in tight contact and fixed with both sides of one of the stabilizing rods 32.

[0045] When the stabilizing ring 33 needs to resist the roll of the flying body 1, the locking motor 353 is driven. The output shaft of the locking motor 353 drives the unlocking block 354 to rotate. The rotation of the unlocking block 354 drives the two locking blocks 351 to slide away from each other until the two locking blocks 351 are disengaged from the tight contact and fixation with the stabilizing rod 32. When the flying body 1 rolls, the stabilizing ring 33 rotates relative to the flying body 1. When the stabilizing ring 33 does not need to resist the roll of the flying body 1, the two locking springs 352 respectively push the two locking blocks 351 to slide towards each other until the two locking blocks 351 are respectively in tight contact and fixed with both sides of one of the stabilizing rods 32, so that the stabilizing ring 33 is fixedly connected to the stabilizing cover 31. When the flying body 1 rolls, the stabilizing ring 33 rolls together with the flying body 1.

[0046] Referring to Figure 2, the photographing mechanism 4 includes a photographing base 41, a rotating motor 42, and a photographing module 43. The photographing base 41 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the stabilizing ring 33. The rotating motor 42 is fixedly arranged on one side of the photographing base 41. The photographing module 43 is arranged on one side of the photographing base 41. One end of the photographing module 43 is rotatably connected to the stabilizing ring 33, and the other end of the photographing module 43 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 42.

[0047] Referring to Figure 2 , the photographing mechanism 4 further includes a linkage assembly 44. The linkage assembly 44 includes a main linkage gear 441 and a secondary linkage gear 442. The main linkage gear 441 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the rotating motor 42. The secondary linkage gear 442 is rotatably connected to the photographing base 41. The main linkage gear 441 and the secondary linkage gear 442 are meshed with each other.

[0048] Referring to Figure 2 , the photographing mechanism 4 further includes a balance weight 45. The balance weight 45 is rectangular. The balance weight 45 is rotatably connected to the middle position of the photographing base 41. One end of the balance weight 45 is fixedly connected to the secondary linkage gear 442. When the photographing module 43 rotates, the balance weight 45 rotates in the opposite direction.

[0049] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the landing mechanism 5 includes a landing base 51 and a fixing assembly 52. The landing base 51 is rectangular. A through landing groove is provided at the middle position of the landing base 51. The flight body 1 passes through the landing groove. The fixing assembly 52 includes a plurality of fixing blocks 521 and a plurality of fixing springs 522. A plurality of sliding grooves are provided on the flight body 1. Each fixing block 521 respectively passes through and is slidably matched with each sliding groove. Each fixing spring 522 is respectively located in each sliding groove. One end of each fixing spring 522 is respectively fixedly connected to the groove body of the sliding groove, and the other end of each fixing spring 522 is respectively fixedly connected to each fixing block 521. A plurality of fixing grooves are provided on the landing base 51. Each fixing groove is respectively communicated with each sliding groove. When the landing base 51 is fixedly connected to the flight body 1, each fixing block 521 respectively passes through and is snap-fitted with each fixing groove.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1, the landing mechanism 5 further includes a plurality of landing rods 53 and a landing assembly 54. Each landing rod 53 is circumferentially and evenly distributed around the axis of the landing seat 51. Each landing rod 53 includes a first landing portion 531 and a second landing portion 532. Each first landing portion 531 is slidably engaged with each second landing portion 532. Each first landing portion 531 is rotatably connected to the landing groove. The landing assembly 54 includes a plurality of shock absorbers 541 and a plurality of landing springs 542. One end of each shock absorber 541 is fixedly connected to the landing seat 51, and the other end of each shock absorber 541 is fixedly connected to each landing rod 53 respectively. Each second landing portion 532 passes through each landing spring 542 respectively. One end of each landing spring 542 is fixedly connected to each first landing portion 531 respectively, and the other end of each landing spring 542 is fixedly connected to each second landing portion 532 respectively.

[0051] The implementation principle of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for topographic surveying in an embodiment of this application is as follows: When the UAV needs to fly, the flight mechanism 2 drives the flight body 1 to fly. When the flight mechanism 2 drives the flight body 1 to move forward and backward or fly laterally, the stabilization mechanism 3 drives the imaging mechanism 4 to rotate relative to the flight body 1, thereby resisting the pitching or tilting of the flight body 1. That is, when the stabilizing cover 31 needs to resist the pitching of the flight body 1, the locking motor 344 is driven, and the output shaft of the locking motor 344 drives the locking block 345 to rotate, so that the locking block 345 disengages from the abutment with the two locking pawls 342, so that the two locking torsion springs 343 drive the two locking pawls 342 to rotate in the direction away from each other at the ends close to the locking ratchet 341, so that the two locking pawls 342 disengage from the engagement with the locking ratchet 341, so that when the flight body 1 pitches, the stabilizing cover 31 rotates relative to the flight body 1. When the stabilizing cover 31 does not need to resist the pitching of the flight body 1, the locking motor 344 is driven, and the output shaft of the locking motor 344 drives the locking block 345 to rotate, so that the ends of the two locking pawls 342 close to the locking block 345 are both in abutment with the locking block 345, so that the ends of the two locking pawls 342 close to the locking ratchet 341 rotate in the direction close to each other until the other ends of the two locking pawls 342 are both engaged with the locking ratchet 341, so that the stabilizing cover 31 is fixed to the flight body 1, so that when the flight body 1 pitches, the stabilizing cover 31 pitches together with the flight body 1. When the stabilizing ring 33 needs to resist the roll of the flight body 1, the locking motor 353 is driven, and the output shaft of the locking motor 353 drives the unlocking block 354 to rotate. The rotation of the unlocking block 354 drives the two locking blocks 351 to slide away from each other until the two locking blocks 351 are both disengaged from the abutting fixation with the stabilizing rod 32, so that when the flight body 1 rolls, the stabilizing ring 33 rotates relative to the flight body 1. When the stabilizing ring 33 does not need to resist the roll of the flight body 1, the two locking springs 352 respectively push the two locking blocks 351 to slide towards each other until the two locking blocks 351 are respectively in abutting fixation with both sides of one of the stabilizing rods 32, so that the stabilizing ring 33 is fixedly connected to the stabilizing cover 31, so that when the flight body 1 rolls, the stabilizing ring 33 rolls together with the flight body 1. Thus, the imaging position of the imaging mechanism 4 is always kept unchanged, so that the quality of the topographic surveying by the UAV is better, improving the problem that when the UAV conducts topographic surveying and needs to continuously move forward and backward or fly laterally, at this time, the multi-angle detection mechanism swings up and down or tilts together with the UAV body, which easily causes the image captured by the multi-angle detection mechanism to shake and easily causes deviation in the surveyed terrain;

[0052] When the drone needs to land, the flight body 1 drives the landing seat 51 to descend, and the landing seat 51 drives the landing rods 53 to descend until each landing rod 53 abuts against the ground. Each landing rod 53 rotates towards the direction close to the drone, thereby respectively compressing each shock absorber 541. Subsequently, each shock absorber 541 drives each landing rod 53 to reset respectively, thereby reducing the impact force when the drone lands. Each second landing part 532 slides towards the direction close to each first landing part 531 respectively, thereby respectively compressing each landing spring 542. Subsequently, each landing spring 542 drives each second landing part 532 to reset respectively, thereby further reducing the impact force when the drone lands.

[0053] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying and mapping, characterized in that: It includes a flight body (1), a flight mechanism (2), a stabilization mechanism (3), and a shooting mechanism (4). The flight mechanism (2) is arranged on the flight body (1) and is used for flight. The stabilization mechanism (3) is arranged on the flight body (1), and the shooting mechanism (4) is arranged on the stabilization mechanism (3). When the flight body (1) pitches or tilts and swings, the stabilization mechanism (3) drives the shooting mechanism (4) to rotate; The stabilization mechanism (3) further includes a stabilization cover (31), two stabilization rods (32), and a stabilization ring (33). The stabilization cover (31) is rotatably arranged on the flight body (1). The two stabilization rods (32) are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the stabilization cover (31). The axes of the two stabilization rods (32) are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the stabilization cover (31). The stabilization ring (33) is provided with two through stabilization holes. When the stabilization ring (33) is rotatably arranged on the stabilization cover (31), the two stabilization rods (32) respectively pass through and are rotatably connected to the two stabilization holes. The shooting mechanism (4) is arranged on the stabilization ring (33); The stabilization mechanism (3) further includes a locking assembly (34). The locking assembly (34) includes a locking ratchet (341), two locking pawls (342), two locking torsion springs (343), a locking motor (344), and a locking block (345). The locking ratchet (341) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotation axis of the stabilization cover (31). The two locking pawls (342) are both rotatably arranged on the flight body (1). One end of each of the two locking torsion springs (343) is fixedly connected to the flight body (1), and the other end of each of the two locking torsion springs (343) is respectively fixedly connected to the two locking pawls (342). The locking motor (344) is fixedly arranged on the flight body (1), and the locking block (345) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the locking motor (344). When the two locking pawls (342) engage with the locking ratchet (341), the two locking pawls (342) are both in contact with the locking block (345); The stabilization mechanism (3) further includes a locking component (35). The locking component (35) includes two locking blocks (351), two locking springs (352), a locking motor (353), and an unlocking block (354). The two locking blocks (351) are both slidably matched with the stabilization ring (33). One end of each of the two locking springs (352) is fixedly connected to the stabilization ring (33), and the other end of each of the two locking springs (352) is respectively fixedly connected to the two locking blocks (351). The locking motor (353) is fixedly arranged on the stabilization ring (33), and the unlocking block (354) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the locking motor (353). When the stabilization ring (33) is fixedly arranged on the stabilization cover (31), the two locking blocks (351) respectively abut and fix against both sides of one of the stabilization rods (32).

2. The UAV for topographic survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shooting mechanism (4) includes a rotating motor (42) and a shooting module (43). The rotating motor (42) is fixedly arranged on the stabilizing ring (33). One end of the shooting module (43) is rotatably connected to the stabilizing ring (33), and the other end of the shooting module (43) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor (42).

3. The UAV for topographic survey according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shooting mechanism (4) further includes a balance weight (45). The balance weight (45) is rotatably connected to the stabilizing ring (33). When the shooting module (43) rotates, the balance weight (45) rotates in the opposite direction.

4. The UAV for topographic survey according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shooting mechanism (4) further includes a linkage assembly (44). The linkage assembly (44) includes a main linkage gear (441) and a secondary linkage gear (442). The main linkage gear (441) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the rotating motor (42). The secondary linkage gear (442) is fixedly connected to the balance weight (45). The main linkage gear (441) and the secondary linkage gear (442) are meshed with each other.

5. The UAV for topographic surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a landing mechanism (5). The landing mechanism (5) includes a landing seat (51), a plurality of landing rods (53) and a landing assembly (54). The landing seat (51) is fixedly arranged on the flight body (1). Each of the landing rods (53) is rotatably arranged on the landing seat (51). The landing assembly (54) includes a plurality of shock absorbers (541). One end of each of the shock absorbers (541) is fixedly connected to the landing seat (51), and the other end of each of the shock absorbers (541) is fixedly connected to each of the landing rods (53).

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle for topographic surveying according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the landing rods (53) includes a first landing part (531) and a second landing part (532). Each of the first landing parts (531) is in sliding fit with each of the second landing parts (532). The landing assembly (54) further includes a plurality of landing springs (542). One end of each of the landing springs (542) is fixedly connected to each of the first landing parts (531), and the other end of each of the landing springs (542) is fixedly connected to each of the second landing parts (532).

7. The UAV for topographic surveying according to claim 5, characterized in that: The landing mechanism (5) further includes a fixing assembly (52). The fixing assembly (52) includes a plurality of fixing blocks (521) and a plurality of fixing springs (522). Each of the fixing blocks (521) is in sliding fit with the flight body (1). One end of each of the fixing springs (522) is fixedly connected to the flight body (1), and the other end of each of the fixing springs (522) is fixedly connected to each of the fixing blocks (521). The landing seat (51) is provided with a plurality of fixing grooves. When the landing seat (51) is fixedly connected to the flight body (1), each of the fixing blocks (521) respectively passes through and is in snap fit with each of the fixing grooves.

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