Biomass-based environment-friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for underground coal mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass-based environment-friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for an underground coal mine. The biomass-based environment-friendly hydrogel dust suppressant is prepared from the following preparation raw materials by mass: 10-20 g of starch, 5-10 g of cellulose, 3-8 g of sodium alginate, 1-3 g of chitosan, 0.5-1.5 g of glutaraldehyde, 2-5 g of glycerol, 1-3 g of polyethylene glycol, 2-6 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1-0.5 g of natural antibacterial components of tea tree essential oil. The natural materials and the auxiliaries have small irritation to the skin and respiratory system of underground workers and are safe to use, the low-ignition-point characteristic of the biomass-based material is beneficial to reducing the fire risk and improving the safety of underground operation, the chitosan, the tea tree essential oil and other natural antibacterial components have good antibacterial performance, microorganism breeding is prevented, and the safety of underground operation is improved. According to different application requirements, the hydrogel with different performance characteristics can be prepared by adjusting the proportion and dosage of all the components, and the requirements of various working conditions are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of equipment, in particular to a biomass-based environment-friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for underground coal mines. Background Art

[0002] Dust in coal mines not only affects the health of miners, but may also cause safety hazards such as explosions. Therefore, the development of efficient, environmentally friendly and safe dust suppressants is of great significance to improving the working environment in coal mines. The use of biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressants is an efficient and environmentally friendly solution that can be used to control and reduce dust generated underground. When the hydrogel dust suppressant is sprayed on the soil or dust surface, it absorbs moisture in the air and forms a moisturizing film. This film can effectively cover the dust particles and prevent them from flying in the wind. However, the existing biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressants used in coal mines are not environmentally friendly and do not have a good antibacterial effect, making them inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines in order to solve the problem that the raw materials used in existing biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressants for use in coal mines are poorly environmentally friendly and do not have good antibacterial effects, making them inconvenient to use.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines, comprising the following raw materials of quality: 10-20 grams of starch, 5-10 grams of cellulose, 3-8 grams of sodium alginate, 1-3 grams of chitosan, 0.5-1.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 2-5 grams of glycerol, 1-3 grams of polyethylene glycol, 2-6 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1-0.5 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

[0005] As a further solution of the present invention: the raw materials include: 10 grams of starch, 5 grams of cellulose, 3 grams of sodium alginate, 1 gram of chitosan, 0.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 2 grams of glycerol, 1 gram of polyethylene glycol, 2 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the raw materials include: 15 grams of starch, 7 grams of cellulose, 5 grams of sodium alginate, 2 grams of chitosan, 1 gram of glutaraldehyde, 3 grams of glycerol, 2 grams of polyethylene glycol, 4 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.2 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the raw materials include: 20 grams of starch, 10 grams of cellulose, 7 grams of sodium alginate, 3 grams of chitosan, 1.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 4 grams of glycerol, 3 grams of polyethylene glycol, 6 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.3 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the raw materials include: 12 grams of starch, 6 grams of cellulose, 4 grams of sodium alginate, 2 grams of chitosan, 0.8 grams of glutaraldehyde, 3 grams of glycerol, 1.5 grams of polyethylene glycol, 3 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.15 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the raw materials include: 18 grams of starch, 9 grams of cellulose, 6 grams of sodium alginate, 2.5 grams of chitosan, 1.2 grams of glutaraldehyde, 4 grams of glycerol, 2.5 grams of polyethylene glycol, 5 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.25 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, starch, cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan are all natural biodegradable biomass-based materials, which will not cause long-term pollution to the environment after use, and all ingredients are environmentally friendly materials, non-toxic and harmless to underground workers and the ecological environment, meeting environmental protection requirements, and the raw materials are widely available, such as corn starch, plant fiber, etc., which can be recycled and reduced dependence on non-renewable resources, while biomass-based materials such as starch and sodium alginate have high water absorption, can quickly absorb and lock dust, and reduce dust flying, wherein materials such as cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol enhance the mechanical strength of the hydrogel, so that it has good stability and durability in the complex environment of the underground well; The natural materials and additives in the present invention have little irritation to the skin and respiratory system of underground workers and are safe to use. The low ignition point characteristics of biomass-based materials help reduce fire risks and improve the safety of underground operations. Chitosan and tea tree essential oil natural antibacterial ingredients have good antibacterial properties, prevent the growth of microorganisms, and reduce biological pollution in mines. According to different application requirements, hydrogels with different performance characteristics can be prepared by adjusting the proportion and dosage of each component to meet the requirements of various working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process structure of the preparation of a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the raw material preparation steps of a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the raw material pretreatment step in the biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mixing and cross-linking steps in a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the solidification and molding steps of a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the performance testing steps of a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 7 It is a comparison chart of Examples 1 to 5 of the biomass-based environment-friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for underground coal mines described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following is an explanation of an embodiment of the present invention based on the overall structure of the present invention.

[0014] Reference Figures 1 to 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines specifically includes the following embodiments: Embodiment 1

[0015] S1: Raw material preparation, select 10 grams of starch, 5 grams of cellulose, 3 grams of sodium alginate, 1 gram of chitosan, 0.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 2 grams of glycerol, 1 gram of polyethylene glycol, 2 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1 grams of tea tree essential oil natural antibacterial ingredients; S2: Raw material pretreatment, dissolving 10 g starch in 100 ml distilled water, 5 g cellulose in 50 ml distilled water, 3 g sodium alginate in 50 ml distilled water, 1 g chitosan in 20 ml distilled water and adding a small amount of acetic acid to assist dissolution according to the actual situation; S3: Mixing and cross-linking, the pretreated starch, cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan solution are mixed in the above proportions, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are added to prepare a mixed solution, 0.5 g of glutaraldehyde is slowly added dropwise to the mixed solution, and 2 g of glycerol is added to the mixed solution together with glutaraldehyde for cross-linking reaction, and the cross-linking reaction temperature is maintained at 50-70°C by heating, and the reaction time is 30-60 minutes. During the cross-linking reaction, 0.1 g of natural antibacterial components of tea tree essential oil are added and stirred evenly; S4: solidification and molding, pouring the cross-linked mixed solution into a mold, leaving it to stand for 12-24 hours to solidify naturally, taking the solidified hydrogel out of the mold, and cutting it into the desired shape and size to complete the preparation; S5: Performance Test Water absorption test: Weigh a certain amount of hydrogel sample, record the initial mass, place the sample in distilled water, weigh it regularly until water absorption equilibrium is reached, calculate the water absorption rate, and evaluate the water absorption performance of the hydrogel.

[0016] Mechanical strength test: Use a material testing machine to conduct a tensile test on the hydrogel sample, record the stress-strain curve, calculate the mechanical strength parameters, adjust the formula as needed, and optimize the mechanical properties.

[0017] Antibacterial test: The hydrogel sample is placed in contact with a specific bacterial culture medium. After a period of culture, the bacterial growth is observed, the antibacterial effect is evaluated, and the amount of antibacterial components added is adjusted if necessary.

[0018] Stability test: Place the hydrogel sample in a chamber simulating a mine environment, control parameters such as temperature and humidity, and regularly test the physical and chemical properties and dust suppression effect of the hydrogel. Based on the test results, further optimize the formula and preparation process. Embodiment 2

[0019] S1: Raw material preparation, select 15 grams of starch, 7 grams of cellulose, 5 grams of sodium alginate, 2 grams of chitosan, 1 gram of glutaraldehyde, 3 grams of glycerol, 2 grams of polyethylene glycol, 4 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.2 grams of tea tree essential oil natural antibacterial ingredients; S2: Raw material pretreatment, dissolving 15 g starch in 150 ml distilled water, 7 g cellulose in 90 ml distilled water, 5 g sodium alginate in 70 ml distilled water, 2 g chitosan in 35 ml distilled water and adding a small amount of acetic acid to assist dissolution according to the actual situation; S3: Mixing and cross-linking, the pretreated starch, cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan solution are mixed in the above proportions, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are added to prepare a mixed solution, 1 gram of glutaraldehyde is slowly added dropwise to the mixed solution, and 3 grams of glycerol and glutaraldehyde are added to the mixed solution together for cross-linking reaction, and the cross-linking reaction temperature is maintained at 50-70°C by heating, and the reaction time is 30-60 minutes. During the cross-linking reaction, 0.2 grams of natural antibacterial components of tea tree essential oil are added and stirred evenly; S4: solidification and molding, pouring the cross-linked mixed solution into a mold, leaving it to stand for 12-24 hours to solidify naturally, taking the solidified hydrogel out of the mold, and cutting it into the desired shape and size to complete the preparation; S5: Performance Test Water absorption test: Weigh a certain amount of hydrogel sample, record the initial mass, place the sample in distilled water, weigh it regularly until water absorption equilibrium is reached, calculate the water absorption rate, and evaluate the water absorption performance of the hydrogel.

[0020] Mechanical strength test: Use a material testing machine to conduct a tensile test on the hydrogel sample, record the stress-strain curve, calculate the mechanical strength parameters, adjust the formula as needed, and optimize the mechanical properties.

[0021] Antibacterial test: The hydrogel sample is placed in contact with a specific bacterial culture medium. After a period of culture, the bacterial growth is observed, the antibacterial effect is evaluated, and the amount of antibacterial components added is adjusted if necessary.

[0022] Stability test: Place the hydrogel sample in a chamber simulating a mine environment, control parameters such as temperature and humidity, and regularly test the physical and chemical properties and dust suppression effect of the hydrogel. Based on the test results, further optimize the formula and preparation process. Embodiment 3

[0023] S1: Raw material preparation, select 20 grams of starch, 10 grams of cellulose, 7 grams of sodium alginate, 3 grams of chitosan, 1.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 4 grams of glycerol, 3 grams of polyethylene glycol, 6 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.3 grams of tea tree essential oil natural antibacterial ingredients; S2: raw material pretreatment, dissolving 20 g starch in 200 ml distilled water, dissolving 10 g cellulose in 100 ml distilled water, dissolving 7 g sodium alginate in 90 ml distilled water, dissolving 3 g chitosan in 50 ml distilled water and adding a small amount of acetic acid to assist dissolution according to the actual situation; S3: Mixing and cross-linking, the pretreated starch, cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan solution are mixed in the above proportions, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are added to prepare a mixed solution, 1.5 g of glutaraldehyde is slowly added dropwise to the mixed solution, and 4 g of glycerol is added to the mixed solution together with glutaraldehyde for cross-linking reaction, and the cross-linking reaction temperature is maintained at 50-70°C by heating, and the reaction time is 30-60 minutes. During the cross-linking reaction, 0.3 g of natural antibacterial component of tea tree essential oil is added and stirred evenly; S4: solidification and molding, pouring the cross-linked mixed solution into a mold, leaving it to stand for 12-24 hours to solidify naturally, taking the solidified hydrogel out of the mold, and cutting it into the desired shape and size to complete the preparation; S5: Performance Test Water absorption test: Weigh a certain amount of hydrogel sample, record the initial mass, place the sample in distilled water, weigh it regularly until water absorption equilibrium is reached, calculate the water absorption rate, and evaluate the water absorption performance of the hydrogel.

[0024] Mechanical strength test: Use a material testing machine to conduct tensile tests on hydrogel samples, record stress-strain curves, calculate mechanical strength parameters, adjust the formula as needed, and optimize mechanical properties.

[0025] Antibacterial test: The hydrogel sample is placed in contact with a specific bacterial culture medium. After a period of culture, the bacterial growth is observed, the antibacterial effect is evaluated, and the amount of antibacterial components added is adjusted if necessary.

[0026] Stability test: Place the hydrogel sample in a chamber simulating a mine environment, control parameters such as temperature and humidity, and regularly test the physical and chemical properties and dust suppression effect of the hydrogel. Based on the test results, further optimize the formula and preparation process. Embodiment 4

[0027] S1: Raw material preparation, select 12 grams of starch, 6 grams of cellulose, 4 grams of sodium alginate, 2 grams of chitosan, 0.8 grams of glutaraldehyde, 3 grams of glycerol, 1.5 grams of polyethylene glycol, 3 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.15 grams of tea tree essential oil natural antibacterial ingredients; S2: Raw material pretreatment, dissolving 12 g starch in 120 ml distilled water, dissolving 6 g cellulose in 60 ml distilled water, dissolving 4 g sodium alginate in 60 ml distilled water, dissolving 2 g chitosan in 35 ml distilled water and adding a small amount of acetic acid to assist dissolution according to the actual situation; S3: Mixing and cross-linking, the pretreated starch, cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan solution are mixed in the above proportions, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are added to prepare a mixed solution, 0.8 g of glutaraldehyde is slowly added dropwise to the mixed solution, and 3 g of glycerol is added to the mixed solution together with glutaraldehyde for cross-linking reaction, and the cross-linking reaction temperature is maintained at 50-70°C by heating, and the reaction time is 30-60 minutes. During the cross-linking reaction, 0.15 g of natural antibacterial components of tea tree essential oil are added and stirred evenly; S4: solidification and molding, pouring the cross-linked mixed solution into a mold, leaving it to stand for 12-24 hours to solidify naturally, taking the solidified hydrogel out of the mold, and cutting it into the desired shape and size to complete the preparation; S5: Performance Test Water absorption test: Weigh a certain amount of hydrogel sample, record the initial mass, place the sample in distilled water, weigh it regularly until water absorption equilibrium is reached, calculate the water absorption rate, and evaluate the water absorption performance of the hydrogel.

[0028] Mechanical strength test: Use a material testing machine to conduct tensile tests on hydrogel samples, record stress-strain curves, calculate mechanical strength parameters, adjust the formula as needed, and optimize mechanical properties.

[0029] Antibacterial test: The hydrogel sample is placed in contact with a specific bacterial culture medium. After a period of culture, the bacterial growth is observed, the antibacterial effect is evaluated, and the amount of antibacterial components added is adjusted if necessary.

[0030] Stability test: Place the hydrogel sample in a chamber simulating a mine environment, control parameters such as temperature and humidity, and regularly test the physical and chemical properties and dust suppression effect of the hydrogel. Based on the test results, further optimize the formula and preparation process. Embodiment 5

[0031] S1: Raw material preparation, select 18 grams of starch, 9 grams of cellulose, 6 grams of sodium alginate, 2.5 grams of chitosan, 1.2 grams of glutaraldehyde, 4 grams of glycerol, 2.5 grams of polyethylene glycol, 5 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.25 grams of tea tree essential oil natural antibacterial ingredients; S2: raw material pretreatment, dissolving 18 g starch in 180 ml distilled water, dissolving 9 g cellulose in 90 ml distilled water, dissolving 6 g sodium alginate in 80 ml distilled water, dissolving 2.5 g chitosan in 42.5 ml distilled water and adding a small amount of acetic acid to assist dissolution according to the actual situation; S3: Mixing and cross-linking, the pretreated starch, cellulose, sodium alginate and chitosan solution are mixed in the above proportions, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are added to prepare a mixed solution, 1.2 g of glutaraldehyde is slowly added dropwise to the mixed solution, and 4 g of glycerol and glutaraldehyde are added to the mixed solution for cross-linking reaction, and the cross-linking reaction temperature is maintained at 50-70°C by heating, and the reaction time is 30-60 minutes. During the cross-linking reaction, 0.25 g of natural antibacterial components of tea tree essential oil are added and stirred evenly; S4: solidification and molding, pouring the cross-linked mixed solution into a mold, leaving it to stand for 12-24 hours to solidify naturally, taking the solidified hydrogel out of the mold, and cutting it into the desired shape and size to complete the preparation; S5: Performance Test Water absorption test: Weigh a certain amount of hydrogel sample, record the initial mass, place the sample in distilled water, weigh it regularly until water absorption equilibrium is reached, calculate the water absorption rate, and evaluate the water absorption performance of the hydrogel.

[0032] Mechanical strength test: Use a material testing machine to conduct tensile tests on hydrogel samples, record stress-strain curves, calculate mechanical strength parameters, adjust the formula as needed, and optimize mechanical properties.

[0033] Antibacterial test: The hydrogel sample is placed in contact with a specific bacterial culture medium. After a period of culture, the bacterial growth is observed, the antibacterial effect is evaluated, and the amount of antibacterial components added is adjusted if necessary.

[0034] Stability test: Place the hydrogel sample in a chamber simulating a mine environment, control parameters such as temperature and humidity, and regularly test the physical and chemical properties and dust suppression effect of the hydrogel. Based on the test results, further optimize the formula and preparation process.

[0035] The biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressants for underground coal mines prepared by the preparation processes in Examples 1 to 5 were respectively selected for comparative experiments on water absorption, mechanical strength, antibacterial properties and dust suppression effects. Figure 7 It can be clearly seen that the effects of different formulations on the performance of the hydrogel dust suppressant, formulation 3 performs best in terms of water absorption, mechanical strength, antibacterial properties and dust suppression effects, and can be used as an optimized formulation for further application and testing; in actual applications, the dosage of each ingredient can be adjusted according to specific needs to achieve the best dust suppression effect.

[0036] What has been described above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines, characterized in that: The preparation material comprises the following qualities: 10-20 grams of starch, 5-10 grams of cellulose, 3-8 grams of sodium alginate, 1-3 grams of chitosan, 0.5-1.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 2-5 grams of glycerol, 1-3 grams of polyethylene glycol, 2-6 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1-0.5 grams of natural antibacterial components of tea tree essential oil.

2. The biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 10 grams of starch, 5 grams of cellulose, 3 grams of sodium alginate, 1 gram of chitosan, 0.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 2 grams of glycerol, 1 gram of polyethylene glycol, 2 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

3. The biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 15 grams of starch, 7 grams of cellulose, 5 grams of sodium alginate, 2 grams of chitosan, 1 gram of glutaraldehyde, 3 grams of glycerol, 2 grams of polyethylene glycol, 4 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.2 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

4. The biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 20 grams of starch, 10 grams of cellulose, 7 grams of sodium alginate, 3 grams of chitosan, 1.5 grams of glutaraldehyde, 4 grams of glycerol, 3 grams of polyethylene glycol, 6 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.3 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

5. The biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 12 grams of starch, 6 grams of cellulose, 4 grams of sodium alginate, 2 grams of chitosan, 0.8 grams of glutaraldehyde, 3 grams of glycerol, 1.5 grams of polyethylene glycol, 3 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.15 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

6. The biomass-based environmentally friendly hydrogel dust suppressant for use in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 18 grams of starch, 9 grams of cellulose, 6 grams of sodium alginate, 2.5 grams of chitosan, 1.2 grams of glutaraldehyde, 4 grams of glycerol, 2.5 grams of polyethylene glycol, 5 grams of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.25 grams of natural antibacterial ingredients of tea tree essential oil.

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