Anti-collision device based on nanofluid material

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-collision device based on a nanofluid material, and belongs to the technical field of novel engineering structure anti-collision devices. Comprising a nano-fluid damper, a universal hinge support and a panel mechanism, the nano-fluid damper is installed between the universal hinge support and the panel mechanism, the universal hinge support is fixed to a main body structure, the universal hinge support and the panel mechanism are connected through a plurality of hard springs, the nano-fluid damper comprises a cylinder barrel filled with nano-fluid materials, and the cylinder barrel is connected with the panel mechanism through a plurality of hard springs. The cylinder barrel is sealed through a piston assembly, and an energy absorption and consumption assembly is arranged outside the cylinder barrel, and when the anti-collision device deforms, the nanofluid material in the cylinder barrel is always in a pressed state through the energy absorption and consumption assembly. The device is manufactured based on a novel nano-fluid material, has the technical advantages that the higher the impact speed is, the better the energy consumption effect is, no residual deformation is generated after impact, repeated use is achieved and the like, and when the device is applied to an engineering structure, impact harm can be effectively relieved, and meanwhile the device has low overhaul and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials, belonging to the technical field of new engineering structure anti-collision devices. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the transportation industry, such as land and sea transportation, has developed rapidly worldwide, resulting in a significant increase in the frequency of accidents such as engineering structures being hit by cars or ships. Therefore, the development of new anti-collision devices to improve the anti-collision performance of engineering structures has important economic and social value.

[0003] Traditional anti-collision devices are usually made of rubber materials. Although they can play a buffering role, the impact protection ability of rubber materials is relatively fixed. When an emergency occurs beyond the design conditions, the traditional anti-collision devices based on rubber materials may not be able to effectively protect the main structure due to their own insufficient capacity. Under the design conditions, due to the limited energy consumption capacity of rubber materials, the energy in the collision or impact process ultimately needs to be absorbed and dissipated by vehicles, ships and other means of transportation and the impacted engineering structure. Although reasonable design can avoid damage to the impacted engineering structure, it is easy to cause loss of life and property, and it will inevitably cause internal damage to the impacted engineering structure. The long-term accumulation of damage will seriously affect the safety, applicability and durability of the engineering structure.

[0004] Nanofluid is a new type of high-efficiency energy absorption and energy consumption material. It has the outstanding characteristics of higher energy consumption efficiency as the impact speed increases, and it can automatically recover to its initial state after impact with basically no residual deformation. Figure 1 As shown, it is an ideal material for manufacturing anti-collision devices. When used in actual projects, it can not only effectively absorb impact energy, but also has the technical advantage of "weak when encountering weak objects, stronger when encountering strong objects", so that it can take into account different working conditions such as low-speed impact and high-speed impact, and thus play a more comprehensive and effective protective role. However, nanofluid materials can only absorb and consume energy when under pressure, and do not have the ability to withstand tension. In actual projects, it is difficult to ensure that the anti-collision device only undergoes compression deformation and no tensile deformation at all due to factors such as the impact position and impact angle.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new type of anti-collision device, so that no matter whether the anti-collision device is compressed or stretched due to changes in the impact angle and impact position, the nanofluid material inside it can always be in a compressed state, so that the efficient energy absorption and energy consumption characteristics of the nanofluid material can be fully utilized, thereby improving the anti-collision performance and reliability of the engineering structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make full use of the energy absorption and energy consumption characteristics of nanofluid materials and effectively improve the anti-collision performance of the main structure, a new anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials is proposed. The device is manufactured based on new nanofluid materials and has the technical advantages of faster impact speed, better energy consumption effect, no residual deformation after impact, and reusability. Its application in engineering structures can not only effectively reduce the damage of impact, but also has lower inspection and maintenance costs.

[0007] The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material of the present invention is special in that it comprises a nanofluid damper, a universal hinge support, and a panel mechanism. The nanofluid damper is installed between the universal hinge support and the panel mechanism, the universal hinge support is fixed on the main structure, the universal hinge support and the panel mechanism are connected by a plurality of hard springs, the nanofluid damper comprises a cylinder containing nanofluid material, the cylinder is sealed by a piston assembly, and an energy absorbing and consuming assembly capable of keeping the nanofluid material in the cylinder always under pressure is arranged outside the cylinder;

[0008] Preferably, the piston assembly comprises a piston for sealing the cylinder, a piston rod is fixed on the piston, and a pressure plate and a limit plate capable of entering and exiting the cylinder are fixed on the piston rod;

[0009] Preferably, the energy absorption and consumption assembly comprises a first door-shaped member and a second door-shaped member, both of which are inserted into the outside of the cylinder barrel at both ends along the axial direction of the piston rod, wherein one end of the first door-shaped member is sleeved on the piston rod, and the end is limited by a limit plate, and the other end of the first door-shaped member extends along the axial direction of the piston rod toward the direction of the universal hinge support, and the end is connected to a push rod assembly, and a push rod assembly is provided on the push rod assembly, and one end of the second door-shaped member is close to the bottom of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a through hole for passing the push head, and the other end extends along the axial direction of the piston rod toward the panel mechanism, and the end is installed on the panel mechanism through the first end plate;

[0010] Preferably, the first door-shaped member comprises two L-shaped members, which are centrally welded to form the first door-shaped member, and the centrally welded positions of the two L-shaped members are respectively provided with semicircular notches, which are butt-jointed to form a circular hole for passing the piston rod, and the diameter of the circular hole is smaller than the diameter of the limit plate;

[0011] Preferably, the L-shaped member is an L-shaped member formed by welding a first side plate and a fourth end plate with a semicircular notch in the middle;

[0012] Preferably, the push rod assembly includes a second end plate fixed to one end of the first door-shaped member, the guide rod passes through the second end plate and is fixed to the second end plate, the push head is fixed to the guide rod, and one end of the guide rod is fixed to the second panel;

[0013] Preferably, the second door-shaped member includes two cover plates and a third end plate, which are welded together to form the second door-shaped member, and the through hole is opened on the third end plate;

[0014] Preferably, the net distance between the second end plate and the third end plate is the same as the net distance between the fourth end plate and the pressure plate, both being δ 1 , δ 1 The maximum allowable collision depth of the anti-collision device; the net distance δ between the fourth end plate and the cylinder wall edge 2 Not less than δ 1 .

[0015] Preferably, the universal hinge support comprises a bottom plate anchored on the main structure, a universal hinge base is mounted on the bottom plate, a circular hinge head of the universal hinge is embedded in the universal hinge base, one end of the universal hinge shaft of the structure integral with the circular hinge head is connected to the first panel, and the first panel is connected to the second panel;

[0016] Preferably, the panel mechanism comprises a third panel connected to the nanofluid damper, and a rubber surface layer on the outer surface of the third panel.

[0017] The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material of the present invention has a reasonable structural design and the beneficial effects are as follows:

[0018] (1) Regardless of whether the anti-collision device is stretched or compressed, the nanofluid material in the cylinder is always under pressure, which avoids the occurrence of tension on the nanofluid material and can fully utilize the energy absorption and energy consumption characteristics of the nanofluid material, so that the anti-collision device can work reliably at different impact angles and impact speeds. It has technical advantages such as high energy consumption efficiency, wide application range, and good stability, and can significantly improve the anti-collision performance of engineering structures.

[0019] (2) After the collision occurs, the dynamic response of the collision body and the collision body is closely related to the relative stiffness between the two. The new anti-collision device proposed in the present invention can flexibly adjust its own stiffness according to design requirements by changing the number and stiffness of the hard-connected springs. It has high design flexibility and can meet the design requirements of different application scenarios and working conditions.

[0020] (3) All components of the anti-collision device are assembled by bolts. During actual use, the components can be flexibly disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for inspection and maintenance and has low operation and maintenance costs.

[0021] (4) The anti-collision device can not only be used for newly built engineering structures, but also for anti-collision protection and reinforcement of existing engineering structures through welding or implanting anchor bolts, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1This is the impact resistance mechanical performance diagram of nanofluid materials;

[0023] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of an anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded diagram of

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nanofluid damper;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 1-1 sectional view;

[0028] Figure 7 is the tensile state diagram of the nanofluid damper;

[0029] Figure 8 is the compression state diagram of the nanofluid damper;

[0030] Fig. 9 for Figure 5 Exploded diagram of

[0031] Fig.10 An exploded view of the first door-shaped member, the second door-shaped member, and the cylinder;

[0032] Fig.11 is an exploded view of the first door-shaped member and the cylinder;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a universal hinge support;

[0034] Fig.13 This is a cross-sectional view of the universal joint support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] For better understanding and implementation, the following specific embodiments are given to describe in detail the structure and working principle of the anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials of the present invention:

[0036] This embodiment is a collision avoidance device based on nanofluid materials, see the attached Figure 2-13, including a nanofluid damper 1, a universal hinge support 2, and a panel mechanism 3. The nanofluid damper 1 is installed between the universal hinge support 2 and the panel mechanism 3. The universal hinge support 2 is fixed on the main structure 4. The universal hinge support 2 and the panel mechanism 3 are connected by multiple hard springs 5. The nanofluid damper 1 includes a cylinder 7 with nanofluid material 6 inside. The cylinder 7 is sealed by a piston assembly. The outside of the cylinder 7 is provided with an energy-absorbing and consuming component that can keep the nanofluid material in the cylinder 7 under pressure when the anti-collision device is deformed.

[0037] The piston assembly of this embodiment includes a piston 20 for sealing the cylinder 7 , a piston rod 8 is fixed to the piston 20 , and a pressure plate 21 and a limit plate 9 capable of entering and exiting the cylinder 7 are fixed to the piston rod 8 .

[0038] The energy absorbing and consuming assembly of the present embodiment comprises a first door-shaped member 11 and a second door-shaped member 12, which are inserted on the outside of the cylinder 7 at both ends facing each other along the axial direction of the piston rod 8, wherein one end of the first door-shaped member 11 is sleeved on the piston rod 8, and the end is limited by the limit plate 9, the other end of the first door-shaped member 11 extends along the axial direction of the piston rod 8 toward the direction of the universal hinge support 2, and the end is connected to a push rod assembly 10, on which a push head 10-3 is provided, one end of the second door-shaped member 12 is tightly attached to the bottom of the cylinder 7 and is provided with a through hole 12-3 for passing the push head 10-3, and the other end extends along the axial direction of the piston rod 8 toward the panel mechanism 3, and the end is mounted on the panel mechanism 3 through the first end plate 13.

[0039] The first door-shaped component 11 of this embodiment includes two L-shaped components 11-1, which are centrally welded together to form the first door-shaped component 11. Semicircular notches 11-2 are respectively provided at the central welding positions of the two L-shaped components 11-1. The two semicircular notches 11-2 are butt-jointed to form a circular hole for passing the piston rod 8, and the diameter of the circular hole is smaller than the diameter of the limit plate 9.

[0040] The push rod assembly 10 of this embodiment includes a second end plate 10-1 fixed to one end of the first door-shaped member 11, a guide rod 10-2 passes through the second end plate 10-1 and is fixed to the second end plate 10-1, a push head 10-3 is fixed to the guide rod 10-2, and one end of the guide rod 10-2 is fixed to the second panel 19;

[0041] In this embodiment, the second door-shaped member 12 includes two cover plates 12-1 and a third end plate 12-2, which are welded together to form the second door-shaped member 12. The through hole 12-3 is formed on the third end plate 12-2.

[0042] The assembly of the universal hinge support 2 in this embodiment: The basic structure of the universal hinge support is as shown in the attached figure. Fig.12 , 13As shown, the universal hinge support 2 includes a base plate 14 anchored on the main structure 4, a universal hinge base 15-1 is installed on the base plate 14, a circular hinge head 15-2 of the universal hinge 15 is embedded in the universal hinge base 15-1, and one end of the universal hinge shaft 15-3 integrally formed with the circular hinge head 15-2 is connected to the first panel 16, and the first panel 16 is connected to the second panel 19; during the assembly process, the connecting plate 15-4 is firstly evenly welded to the outer edge of the base plate 14, and then the universal hinge shaft 15-3 and the first panel 16 are aligned and welded into one, and finally the universal hinge base 15-1 is welded to the center position of the base plate 14 to complete the assembly of the universal hinge subsystem.

[0043] The panel mechanism 3 of this embodiment includes a third panel 17 connected to the nanofluid damper 1 and a rubber surface layer 18 on the outer surface of the third panel 17 .

[0044] The anti-collision device of this embodiment is connected to the main structure 4. Figure 2-4 As shown, first, the two ends of the hard spring 5 are connected to the connecting plate 15-4 on the base plate 14 and the connecting plate on the third panel 17 by a pin shaft. The number and stiffness of the hard spring 5 can be flexibly adjusted according to the design requirements. If it is used in a steel structure, the connecting plate can be directly welded to the steel structure member, or bolt holes can be opened on the steel member and then connected using high-strength bolts. If it is used in a reinforced concrete structure, anchor bolts can be pre-buried or implanted on the reinforced concrete column (pier), and then the anchor bolts can be passed through the corresponding anchor holes on the base plate and the matching anchor nuts can be tightened to achieve the connection between the new anti-collision device and the reinforced concrete structure member.

[0045] The diameter of the limit plate 9 in the nanofluid damper cannot exceed the inner diameter of the cylinder 7 (i.e., the diameter of the piston 20). During the assembly process: first, the first side plate 11-3 and the fourth end plate 11-4 with a semicircular notch 11-2 in the middle are welded into an L-shaped component 11-1, wherein the width of the fourth end plate 11-4 is equal to 1 / 2 of the diameter D of the cylinder 7, the height of the fourth end plate 11-4 and the first side plate 11-3 is the same as the diameter D of the cylinder 7, and the diameter R of the semicircular notch 11-2 is equal to 1 / 2 of the diameter D of the cylinder 7. 1It needs to be larger than the diameter of the piston rod 8 but not larger than the diameter of the limit plate 9. After the two L-shaped components 11-1 are centered and welded into one, the welded assembly is moved along the axial direction of the piston rod 8 so that the fourth end plate 11-4 contacts and presses against the limit plate 9; then, two first cover plates 12-1 and one third end plate 12-2 are welded into a door-shaped component to form a second door-shaped component 12, and the second door-shaped component 12 is centered and inserted into the cylinder barrel 7 so that the third end plate 12-2 contacts and presses against the bottom of the cylinder barrel 7, wherein The height of the third end plate 12-2 and the width of the third end plate 12-2 and the first cover plate 12-1 are consistent with the diameter D of the cylinder 7; finally, after the guide rod 10-2, the second end plate 10-1 and the push head 10-3 are welded together, the second end plate 10-1 is welded together with the two first side plates 11-3, and then the first end plate 13 and the two first cover plates 12-1 of the second door-shaped member 12 are welded together, thereby completing the assembly of the nanofluid damper. The aperture R of the third end plate 12-2 is 2 Should be 10-3 larger than the push head diameter R 3 After assembly, the cross-sectional view of the nanofluid damper is shown in Figure 5. In order to ensure that the damper can work normally according to the design target, the following should be met during the design process: the net distance between the second end plate 10-1 and the third end plate 12-2 of the second door-shaped member 12 is the same as the net distance between the fourth end plate 11-4 and the pressure plate 21, both of which are δ 1 , δ 1 The maximum allowable collision depth of the anti-collision device; the net distance δ between the fourth end plate 11-4 and the wall edge of the cylinder 7 2 Should be guaranteed to be no less than δ 1 , in order to prevent the maximum design allowable collision depth δ from being unable to be achieved due to premature contact between the cylinder wall 7 and the fourth end plate 11-4 when the anti-collision device is pulled 1 .

[0046] Working mechanism of nanofluid damper: Figure 7-8 As shown in the figure, when the nanofluid damper undergoes tensile deformation as a whole, Figure 6 As shown, the guide rod 10-2 drives the first side plate 11-3 and the fourth end plate 11-4 through the second end plate 10-1 to apply a leftward force to the limit plate 9 on the piston rod 8, thereby causing the piston 20 in the cylinder 7 to move leftward. On the other side, the first end plate 13 applies a rightward force to the bottom of the cylinder 7 through the cover plate 12-1 and the third end plate 12-2 and deforms accordingly. The relative movement in two directions can make the damper as a whole tensilely deformed, and the nanofluid material 6 in the cylinder 7 is in a compressed state; and when the nanofluid damper as a whole compressively deforms, as shown in the attached figure Figure 7As shown, the guide rod 10-2 pushes the bottom of the cylinder 7 to move to the right through the push head 10-3, and on the other side, the first end plate 13 pushes the piston 20 in the cylinder 7 to move to the left through the pressure plate 21 and the piston rod 8, so that when the nanofluid damper is compressed and deformed as a whole, the nanofluid material 6 in the cylinder 7 is also in a compressed state. In summary, it can be found that through the force transmission device designed in this embodiment, no matter whether the nanofluid damper is stretched or compressed and deformed as a whole, the nanofluid material in its cylinder is always in a compressed state, which effectively avoids the problem that the nanofluid material cannot absorb energy and consume energy when it is stretched.

[0047] The working mechanism of an anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials in the present embodiment is as follows: after the universal hinge support 2 and the nanofluid damper 1 are assembled together by high-strength bolts, due to the presence of the universal hinge support 2, the entire anti-collision device can produce follow-up deformation regardless of how the impact position and impact angle change. As mentioned above, regardless of whether the nanofluid damper mentioned in the present embodiment undergoes stretching or compression deformation as a whole, the nanofluid material in its cylinder is always under pressure, thereby enabling the new anti-collision device to have the technical advantage of reliably absorbing and consuming energy under complex working conditions. In addition, the stiffness of the anti-collision device can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the number and stiffness of the hard springs, thereby being able to meet the design requirements of different application scenarios and working conditions.

Claims

1. An anti-collision device based on nanofluid materials, characterized in that The invention comprises a nanofluid damper, a universal hinge support and a panel mechanism. The nanofluid damper is installed between the universal hinge support and the panel mechanism. The universal hinge support is fixed on the main structure. The universal hinge support and the panel mechanism are connected by a plurality of hard springs. The nanofluid damper comprises a cylinder filled with nanofluid material. The cylinder is sealed by a piston assembly. An energy absorbing and consuming assembly is arranged on the outside of the cylinder so that the nanofluid material in the cylinder is always under pressure when the anti-collision device is deformed.

2. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 1, characterized in that The piston assembly comprises a piston for sealing the cylinder, a piston rod is fixed on the piston, and a pressure plate and a limit plate capable of entering and exiting the cylinder are fixed on the piston rod.

3. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 2, characterized in that The energy absorption and consumption component includes a first door-shaped component and a second door-shaped component, which are inserted into the outside of the cylinder barrel at both ends along the axial direction of the piston rod, wherein one end of the first door-shaped component is sleeved on the piston rod and the end is limited by a limit plate, and the other end of the first door-shaped component extends along the axial direction of the piston rod toward the direction of the universal hinge support, and the end is connected to a push rod assembly, and a push rod assembly is provided on the push rod assembly, one end of the second door-shaped component is tightly against the bottom of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a through hole for passing the push head, and the other end extends along the axial direction of the piston rod toward the panel mechanism, and the end is installed on the panel mechanism through the first end plate.

4. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 3, characterized in that The first door-shaped component includes two L-shaped components, which are welded together to form the first door-shaped component. Semicircular notches are respectively opened at the welding points of the two L-shaped components. The two semicircular notches are connected to form a circular hole for passing the piston rod, and the diameter of the circular hole is smaller than the diameter of the limit plate.

5. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 4, characterized in that The L-shaped component is formed by welding a first side plate and a fourth end plate with a semicircular notch in the middle.

6. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 5, characterized in that The push rod assembly comprises a second end plate fixed to one end of the first door-shaped member, a guide rod passing through the second end plate and fixed to the second end plate, a push head fixed to the guide rod, and one end of the guide rod fixed to the second panel.

7. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 6, characterized in that The second door-shaped member includes two cover plates and a third end plate, which are welded together to form the second door-shaped member, and the through hole is opened on the third end plate.

8. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 7, characterized in that The net distance between the second end plate and the third end plate is the same as the net distance between the fourth end plate and the pressure plate, both of which are δ1, where δ1 is the maximum allowable collision depth of the anti-collision device; the net distance between the fourth end plate and the edge of the cylinder wall is δ2, which is not less than δ1.

9. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 6, characterized in that The universal hinge support includes a base plate anchored on the main structure, a universal hinge base is installed on the base plate, a circular hinge head of the universal hinge is embedded in the universal hinge base, one end of the universal hinge shaft with an integral structure with the circular hinge head is connected to the first panel, and the first panel is connected to the second panel.

10. The anti-collision device based on nanofluid material according to claim 1, characterized in that The panel mechanism comprises a third panel connected to the nanofluid damper and a rubber surface layer on the outer surface of the third panel.

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