Long-life cutting pick and coal rock cutting structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mining machinery, and provides a long-life cutting pick which comprises a pick holder and a pick body which are fixedly connected, a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly are fixedly arranged on the pick body, the first cutting assembly is close to a pick top of the pick body, the first cutting assembly comprises a plurality of hemispherical first protruding blocks, and the second cutting assembly comprises a plurality of hemispherical second protruding blocks. The first cutting assembly comprises a plurality of first protruding blocks, the first protruding blocks are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the tooth body, the second cutting assembly comprises a plurality of second protruding blocks, the second protruding blocks are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the tooth body, and the second protruding blocks are gradually enlarged in the direction from the tooth top to the tooth body. According to the long-service-life cutting pick and the coal rock cutting structure, a new hard alloy structure composed of the hemispherical first protruding blocks and the trapezoidal-table-shaped second protruding blocks is adopted, the abrasion speed is low, and the service life is longer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mining machinery, in particular to a long-life pick and a coal-rock cutting structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, picks are one of the most widely used tools in mechanical coal mining, with advantages such as good stability, long service life, and low footage cost. During the mining process, picks are often in a complex environment with relatively complex temperature and humidity. As the mining depth continues to increase, the wear of the picks will continue to increase. Once the picks are excessively worn, the workload of other teeth will increase. The reciprocating cycle will reduce the overall coal mining efficiency and even affect the service life of the equipment.

[0003] In the prior art, the pick is mainly provided with a carbide layer or a cylindrical protrusion on the surface to enhance the cutting performance and slow down the wear rate. The use of harder and more wear-resistant carbide can achieve the purpose of extending the service life of the pick, but the cost of this type of carbide is high and needs to be spot welded on the surface of the pick for fusion use, which increases the overall cost. When the cylindrical carbide block contacts the coal rock, it mainly applies pressure to the coal rock in the axial direction, and the stress it is subjected to is large, which also leads to a faster wear rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a long-life pick and coal rock cutting structure, which adopts a new cemented carbide structure composed of a hemispherical first protrusion block and a trapezoidal table-shaped second protrusion block, has a slow wear rate and a longer service life.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the specific scheme adopted by the present invention is: A long-life cutting tooth comprises a tooth seat and a tooth body which are fixedly connected, a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly are fixedly arranged on the tooth body, and the first cutting assembly is close to the tooth tip of the tooth body, the first cutting assembly comprises a plurality of first hemispherical protrusions, and the plurality of first protrusions are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tooth body, the second cutting assembly comprises a plurality of second protrusions, and the plurality of second protrusions are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tooth body, and the second protrusions gradually expand in the direction from the tooth tip to the tooth body.

[0006] Preferably, a gap is left between two adjacent second protruding blocks, and the gap gradually shrinks in the direction from the tooth tip to the tooth body, and the first protruding block is correspondingly arranged on one side of the gap close to the tooth tip.

[0007] Preferably, the second protrusion block has a front end face close to the tooth tip, the front end face is inclined relative to the axis of the tooth body, and the distance between the front end face and the tooth body gradually increases in the direction from the tooth tip to the tooth body.

[0008] Preferably, the second protruding block has two oppositely arranged side surfaces, the side surfaces are arranged as arc-shaped surfaces, and the distance between the two side surfaces gradually increases in the direction from the tooth tip to the tooth body so that the second protruding block gradually expands.

[0009] Preferably, the second protruding block has a top surface parallel to the peripheral side wall of the tooth body.

[0010] Preferably, two cutting grooves are provided on the top surface, and one end of the cutting groove passes through to the front end surface, and an angle is left between the extension directions of the two cutting grooves, and the angle is an acute angle.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the other end of the cutting groove is arranged as an inclined surface to form a guiding surface for guiding the debris cut by the cutting tooth.

[0012] Preferably, two chip removal grooves are provided on the top surface, the chip removal grooves correspond to the cutting grooves one by one, and the extending direction of the chip removal grooves is the same as the guiding direction of the cutting grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the chip removal groove and the cutting groove are separated by a fixing block, and the fixing block is fixedly connected to the top surface.

[0014] The coal-rock cutting structure comprises a main body, on which a plurality of the above-mentioned long-life cutting teeth are detachably arranged.

[0015] In the pick of the present invention, the cutting unit composed of cylindrical cemented carbide on the traditional pick is replaced by a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly. The first cutting assembly is composed of a plurality of hemispherical first protrusions, and the second cutting assembly is composed of a plurality of second protrusions that are integrally trapezoidal. When crushing coal rock, the coal rock is cut into larger pieces by extrusion. In this process, the contact area between the hemispherical surface of the first protrusion and the coal rock is small, the friction area is also small, and the surface of the first protrusion is smooth, so the wear of the first protrusion is also small. Afterwards, the larger pieces contact the second protrusion. Because the second protrusion gradually expands in the direction from the tooth tip to the tooth body, the larger pieces can be divided into multiple smaller pieces, and the stress of the coal rock on the second protrusion in the process will be dispersed to the side, and the force is more uniform, thereby reducing the wear. The first protrusion cooperates with the second protrusion, which can effectively crush the coal rock, reduce the stress of the coal rock on the tooth body, and extend the life of the tooth body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pick of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the first cutting assembly and the second cutting assembly; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the pick on the main body; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first protruding block; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the stress state of the second protruding block; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the top surface of the second protruding block.

[0018] Figure numerals: 1-tooth seat, 2-tooth body, 3-tooth tip, 4-first protruding block, 5-second protruding block, 6-front end face, 7-side face, 8-top face, 9-rear end face, 10-cutting groove, 11-chip groove, 12-fixing block, 13-guide surface, 14-main body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a long-life cutting tooth comprises a tooth seat 1 and a tooth body 2 which are fixedly connected, a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly are fixedly arranged on the tooth body 2, and the first cutting assembly is close to the tooth tip 3 of the tooth body 2, the first cutting assembly comprises a plurality of hemispherical first protrusion blocks 4, and the plurality of first protrusion blocks 4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tooth body 2, the second cutting assembly comprises a plurality of second protrusion blocks 5, and the plurality of second protrusion blocks 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tooth body 2, and the second protrusion blocks 5 gradually expand in the direction from the tooth tip 3 to the tooth body 2.

[0021] The pick of the present invention is suitable for mining machinery and equipment such as tunneling machines. In the pick of the present invention, the cutting unit composed of cylindrical cemented carbide on the traditional pick is replaced by a first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly. The first cutting assembly is composed of a plurality of hemispherical first protrusion blocks 4, and the second cutting assembly is composed of a plurality of second protrusion blocks 5 that are integrally trapezoidal. When crushing coal rock, the coal rock is cut into larger pieces by extrusion. In this process, the contact area between the hemispherical surface of the first protrusion block 4 and the coal rock is small, the friction area is also small, and the surface of the first protrusion block 4 is smooth, so the wear amount of the first protrusion block 4 is also small. Afterwards, the larger pieces contact the second protrusion block 5. Because the second protrusion block 5 gradually expands in the direction from the tooth tip 3 to the tooth body 2, the larger pieces can be divided into multiple smaller pieces. In the process, the stress of the coal rock on the second protrusion block 5 will be dispersed to the side, and the force is more uniform, thereby reducing the wear amount. The first protruding block 4 cooperates with the second protruding block 5 to effectively crush the coal rock, reduce the stress of the coal rock on the tooth body 2, and extend the life of the tooth body 2.

[0022] The relative position relationship between the first protruding block 2 and the second protruding block 5 is as follows: a gap is left between two adjacent second protruding blocks 5, and the gap gradually shrinks in the direction from the tooth tip 3 to the tooth body 2, and the first protruding block 4 is correspondingly arranged on the side of the gap close to the tooth tip 3. Through this arrangement, the larger coal and rock fragments produced after being squeezed and cut by the first protruding block 2 can smoothly contact with the second protruding block 5, and be further cut and crushed by the second protruding block 5, thereby fully ensuring the mining efficiency of the roadheader.

[0023] The specific shape of the second protruding block 5 is as follows: the second protruding block 5 has a front end face 6 close to the tooth tip 3, the front end face 6 is inclined relative to the axis of the tooth body 2, and the distance between the front end face 6 and the tooth body 2 gradually increases in the direction from the tooth tip 3 to the tooth body 2; the second protruding block 5 has two oppositely arranged side faces 7, the side faces 7 are arranged as arcuate faces, and the distance between the two side faces 7 gradually increases in the direction from the tooth tip 3 to the tooth body 2 so that the second protruding block 5 gradually expands; the second protruding block 5 has a top face 8 parallel to the peripheral side wall of the tooth body 2. In addition, corresponding to the front end face 6, the second protruding block 5 also has a rear end face 9 facing away from the front end face 6, and the rear end face 9 can be arranged as a plane and perpendicular to the side wall of the tooth body 2; corresponding to the top face 8, the second protruding block 5 also has a bottom face, which contacts the tooth body 2 and is fixedly connected to the tooth body 2. Overall, the second protruding block 5 is in the shape of a trapezoidal table and has two arcuate surfaces, namely two side faces 7.

[0024] When the coal rock is crushed, the two side surfaces 7 of the second protruding block 5 are in contact with the coal rock and generate a squeezing force F on the coal rock. 1 and F 2, and the second protrusion block 5 will be subjected to the stress generated by the coal rock, that is, F N Compared with the conventional cylindrical structure that directly applies force in the axial direction, the stress F N will be reduced, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the wear of the second protrusion block 5.

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, considering that the top surface 8 of the second raised block 5 will also directly contact the coal rock, in order to further improve the cutting efficiency of the second raised block 5, two cutting grooves 10 are provided on the top surface 8, and one end of the cutting groove 10 passes through the front end surface 6, and an angle is left between the extension directions of the two cutting grooves 10, and the angle is an acute angle. When the top surface 8 contacts the coal rock, the edge of the cutting groove 10 can cut the coal rock and accelerate the crushing of the coal rock, and the angle between the extension directions of the two cutting grooves 10 is an acute angle, and the cut debris can move along the cutting groove 10 and gradually move to the two side surfaces 7, thereby dispersing and avoiding local accumulation.

[0026] In order to accelerate the discharge of debris and prevent the debris from being retained in the cutting groove 10, the inner wall of the other end of the cutting groove 10 is set as an inclined surface to form a guide surface 13 for guiding the debris cut by the cutting teeth. When the subsequent coal rock enters the cutting groove 10, the debris in the cutting groove 10 can be pushed out of the cutting groove 10 along the guide surface 13, thereby preventing the debris from accumulating in the cutting groove 10.

[0027] In order to further accelerate the discharge of the debris and prevent the debris from being adhered to the top surface 8 in large quantities, two chip grooves 11 are provided on the top surface 8, and the chip grooves 11 correspond to the cutting grooves 10 one by one, and the extending direction of the chip grooves 11 is the same as the guiding direction of the cutting grooves 10. The chip grooves 11 can collect a part of the debris and discharge the debris along the chip grooves 10 during the movement of the pick, thereby preventing the debris from being adhered to the top surface 8 in large quantities.

[0028] On the basis of providing the cutting groove 10 and the chip removal groove 11, in order to ensure the structural strength of the second protruding block 5, the chip removal groove 11 is separated from the cutting groove 10 by a fixing block 12, and the fixing block 12 is fixedly connected to the top surface 8. The top of the fixing block 12 can be slightly lower than the top surface 8, or it can be flush with the top surface 8, and the fixing block 12 can be integrally formed with the second protruding block 5.

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the radius R of the first protruding block 4 is 1.625mm, the radius r of the projected area is 1.5mm, and the height is 1mm; the projected upper bottom side of the second protruding block 5 is 4mm long, the projected lower bottom side is 10mm long, the projected curved edge radius is 10.875mm, the entire boss height is 2mm, and a chamfer of 2.5mm is made at the edge of the top surface 8. The total length of the pick is 182mm, the angle of the tooth tip 3 is 75°, the shank is 90mm long, the shank radius is 17.5mm, the projected length of the cone surface of the first cutting assembly and the second cutting assembly is 20mm, the radius of the tooth seat 1 is 28mm, and the length of the tooth seat 1 is 84mm.

[0030] The present invention also provides a coal rock cutting structure, including a main body 14, on which a plurality of long-life picks described above are detachably provided, and the main body 14 is mounted on a body of a mining device. It should be noted that the structure of the main body 14 and the installation method of the picks on the main body 14 are conventional technical means in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0032] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A long-life pick, comprising a tooth seat (1) and a tooth body (2) which are fixedly connected, characterized in that: A first cutting assembly and a second cutting assembly are fixedly arranged on the tooth body (2), and the first cutting assembly is close to the tooth tip (3) of the tooth body (2), the first cutting assembly comprises a plurality of hemispherical first protrusion blocks (4), and the plurality of first protrusion blocks (4) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tooth body (2), and the second cutting assembly comprises a plurality of second protrusion blocks (5), and the plurality of second protrusion blocks (5) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tooth body (2), and the second protrusion blocks (5) gradually expand in the direction from the tooth tip (3) to the tooth body (2).

2. A long-life pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is left between two adjacent second protruding blocks (5), and the gap gradually shrinks in the direction from the tooth tip (3) to the tooth body (2), and the first protruding block (4) is correspondingly arranged on one side of the gap close to the tooth tip (3).

3. A long-life pick according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second protruding block (5) has a front end face (6) close to the tooth tip (3), the front end face (6) being arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the tooth body (2), and the distance between the front end face (6) and the tooth body (2) gradually increases in the direction from the tooth tip (3) to the tooth body (2).

4. A long-life pick according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second protruding block (5) has two side surfaces (7) arranged opposite to each other, the side surfaces (7) being arranged as arc-shaped surfaces, and the distance between the two side surfaces (7) gradually increases in the direction from the tooth tip (3) to the tooth body (2), so that the second protruding block (5) gradually expands.

5. A long-life pick according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second raised block (5) has a top surface (8) parallel to the peripheral side wall of the tooth body (2).

6. A long-life pick according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two cutting grooves (10) are provided on the top surface (8), and one end of the cutting groove (10) passes through the front end surface (6), and an angle is left between the extension directions of the two cutting grooves (10), and the angle is an acute angle.

7. A long-life pick according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall at the other end of the cutting groove (10) is arranged as an inclined surface, forming a guide surface (13) for guiding the debris cut by the cutting teeth.

8. A long-life pick according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two chip removal grooves (11) are provided on the top surface (8), the chip removal grooves (11) correspond to the cutting grooves (10) one by one, and the extending direction of the chip removal grooves (11) is the same as the guiding direction of the cutting grooves (10).

9. A long-life pick according to claim 8, characterized in that: The chip removal groove (11) and the cutting groove (10) are separated by a fixing block (12), and the fixing block (12) is fixedly connected to the top surface (8).

10. A coal-rock cutting structure, characterized in that: It comprises a main body (14), on which a plurality of long-life cutting teeth according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are detachably arranged.

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