Combustion airflow adjusting device of circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion airflow adjusting device which comprises a circulating fluidized bed boiler, an auxiliary assembly, an adjusting assembly and a cleaning assembly, the adjusting assembly comprises an air door, and the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning mechanism and an impact mechanism. Flue gas is controlled in a passive mode through the air door, safety is guaranteed, meanwhile, the air pressure in the flue gas combustion boiler is made to be high, the fuel retention time is prolonged, and the bed temperature is kept stable; when smoke is exhausted, the cleaning mechanism and the impact mechanism are driven to clean the inner wall of the adjusting pipe, and when the smoke drives the cleaning mechanism and the impact mechanism, the exhaust speed of the smoke from the circulating fluidized bed boiler can be reduced, so that the pressure intensity in the boiler is kept, the fuel retention time is prolonged, the combustion reaction sufficiency is improved, and the combustion efficiency is improved. And the generation of CO and NOX is reduced while the bed temperature is kept stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, and in particular to a combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Art

[0002] Circulating fluidized bed boilers use fluidized combustion technology to significantly improve fuel combustion efficiency by intensifying combustion and desulfurization reactions at high wind speeds. Its unique design can handle difficult-to-burn solid fuels such as coal gangue, oil shale, and urban garbage, achieving efficient resource utilization. Unburned particles in the combustion process are re-combined into combustion through separators and return systems, reducing fuel waste. Circulating fluidized bed boilers play a core role in clean energy utilization, industrial heating, and cogeneration through efficient combustion, environmental protection and emission reduction, fuel adaptability, and equipment synergy.

[0003] For example, the patent application with publication number CN110081422A, publication date August 2, 2019, and titled "A Flue Gas Circulation System and Method for Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler", includes an outlet flue gas circulation duct, a flue gas circulation branch pipe, and a first electric switch door; the outlet flue gas circulation duct interface is arranged at the outlet of the induced draft fan, and the first electric switch door is arranged at the inlet of the outlet flue gas circulation duct; the flue gas circulation branch pipe includes a first branch pipe connected to the inlet flue of the desulfurization system absorption tower, a second branch pipe connected to the boiler secondary air hot air mother pipe, and a third branch pipe connected to the boiler primary air hot air mother pipe; the first branch pipe, the second branch pipe and the third branch pipe are respectively provided with electric regulating doors; at the same time, its operation method is disclosed, and the flue gas circulation system can be used alone for adjusting the inlet flue gas volume of the circulating fluidized bed semi-dry desulfurization absorption tower to stabilize the stable operation of the absorption tower, and can be used alone for adjusting the temperature and oxygen content in different areas of the boiler furnace to achieve NO X The control of the generated amount has higher environmental protection characteristics compared with the conventional flue gas circulation system under the same energy consumption conditions.

[0004] Although the prior art has the above-mentioned flue gas circulation system that controls the flue gas in the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the first electric switch door, the electric regulating door and other structures to achieve the adjustment of the temperature and oxygen content in different areas of the boiler furnace, the above-mentioned flue gas circulation system does not accurately and multiple times control the flue gas in the circulating fluidized bed boiler so as to fully utilize the flue gas to adjust the combustion sufficiency and maintain the furnace temperature of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. At the same time, the above-mentioned flue gas circulation system does not process the particles in the flue gas, which causes the particles in the flue gas to easily adhere to the flue gas duct. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion air flow regulating device to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion airflow regulating device, the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a boiler and a cyclone separator, the upper sides of the two are connected to each other, the lower sides of the boiler and the cyclone separator are also connected to each other, the boiler and the cyclone separator are both arranged on a support, the side of the boiler is provided with an auxiliary component, and the upper end of the cyclone separator is provided with a regulating component; A regulating assembly, wherein the regulating assembly comprises a regulating pipe, the regulating pipe is connected to the outlet at the upper end of the cyclone separator, an expansion joint is provided at one end of the regulating pipe close to the cyclone separator, the expansion joint connects the cyclone separator and the regulating pipe through a flange, a damper is provided at one end of the regulating pipe close to the expansion joint, and the damper is used to adjust the flow rate of smoke transported from the cyclone separator to the regulating pipe; A cleaning component is arranged in the regulating tube, and the cleaning component includes a mounting frame, a cleaning shaft is rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting frame, two cleaning mechanisms are arranged on the outer side of the cleaning shaft, and the two cleaning mechanisms are used to clean the inner wall of the regulating tube. An impact mechanism is arranged at the lower end of each of the cleaning mechanisms, and the impact mechanism can knock on the regulating tube when exhausting smoke to clean the regulating tube.

[0007] As mentioned above, the damper includes a mounting rod, and two semicircular plates are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting rod in a rotating manner, each semicircular plate is provided with one end of an arc-shaped round rod, and the other end of the arc-shaped round rod is slidably arranged in the mounting rod, and a return spring is arranged between the semicircular plate and the mounting rod, and the return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the arc-shaped round rod. A limiting plate is arranged on the mounting rod, and the limiting plate is used to limit the semicircular plate from flipping downward.

[0008] As mentioned above, the cleaning shaft includes two fixed sections and two swinging sections, the fixed section is arranged in the middle of the mounting frame, a swinging section is arranged at the lower end of the fixed section through a ball joint, and the swinging section is arranged at intervals from the fixed section, and two spiral grooves are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of each fixed section, and the spiral groove enables the cleaning mechanism to rotate when it moves on the fixed section.

[0009] As mentioned above, the cleaning mechanism includes a sliding sleeve, a plurality of partitions are rotatably arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve, and the plurality of partitions are evenly arranged along the circumference of the sliding sleeve, a torsion spring is arranged between the partition and the sliding sleeve, and a plurality of limit blocks are arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve, the number of the limit blocks corresponds to the number of the partitions, and the limit blocks are used to limit the partitions from flipping upward.

[0010] As mentioned above, the torsion spring is evenly arranged along the circumference of the sliding sleeve along with the partition plate, and the torsion force of the torsion spring gradually increases.

[0011] As mentioned above, the cleaning mechanism also includes a connecting sleeve, which is rotatably arranged on the upper end of the sliding sleeve, and two spiral blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the connecting sleeve, and the spiral blocks are rotatably arranged in the spiral groove, and one end of a plurality of connecting rods are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer side of the connecting sleeve, and a spiral scraper is arranged on the other end of the connecting rod, and a support plate is arranged on the lower side of each of the fixed sections, and a telescopic spring is arranged between the support plate and the sliding sleeve.

[0012] As mentioned above, the impact mechanism includes a support sleeve, which is arranged on the lower side of the swing section, and a plurality of support rods are evenly arranged on the outside of the support sleeve along its circumference, and the support sleeve is connected to each of the support rods through a ball joint, and a tensioning spring is arranged between each of the support rods and the support sleeve, and a fixing plate is arranged at one end of the support rod away from the support sleeve, and a rubber layer is arranged on the outside of the fixing plate in a sliding manner.

[0013] The above also includes a support assembly, which is arranged on the support and is used to support and limit the adjustment tube.

[0014] As mentioned above, the support assembly includes a support member, a sliding plate is slidably arranged on the support frame, a sliding frame is slidably arranged on the sliding plate, a limiting sleeve is rotatably arranged in the middle of the sliding frame, and the adjusting tube is slidably arranged in the limiting sleeve.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention controls the flue gas discharged from the circulating fluidized bed boiler in a passive manner through the damper, ensuring safety while making the gas pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler controlled by the combustion flue gas always at a higher pressure, so as to increase the particle concentration in the dense phase zone, prolong the fuel residence time, thereby improving the sufficiency of the combustion reaction and helping to maintain a stable bed temperature; 2. The present invention is provided with a cleaning mechanism so that the inner wall of the regulating tube can be cleaned in a passive manner when the smoke is discharged from the regulating tube. When the smoke is discharged from the regulating tube, the impact mechanism can also be driven to knock the regulating tube, thereby preventing particles in the smoke from adhering to the inner wall of the regulating tube; 3. The cleaning mechanism and the impact mechanism provided in the present invention drive the flue gas through the regulating tube to clean the inner wall of the regulating tube, and the flue gas driving the cleaning mechanism and the impact mechanism can slow down the speed of flue gas discharged from the circulating fluidized bed boiler, so as to prolong the fuel residence time, thereby improving the combustion reaction sufficiency, maintaining the bed temperature stable and reducing CO and NO X Generation of. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the operation of a circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion airflow regulating device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A top view of a combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Another embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 3 Sectional view at AA; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a damper provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure between a cleaning shaft and a cleaning mechanism provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a sliding sleeve, a connecting sleeve and a spiral block provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a fixed section, a swing section, a spiral groove, a support plate, a telescopic spring and an impact mechanism provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 Another embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local method at K; Fig.10 Another embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the N-point local method; Fig.11 Another embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local method at M.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1. Circulating fluidized bed boiler; 10. Support; 2. Auxiliary components; 3. Adjustment components; 30. Adjustment pipe; 31. Expansion joint; 32. Air door; 320. Mounting rod; 321. Semicircular plate; 322. Arc-shaped round rod; 323. Return spring; 324. Limit plate; 4. Cleaning components; 40. Mounting frame; 41. Cleaning shaft; 410. Fixed section; 411. Swinging section; 412. Spiral groove; 42. Cleaning mechanism; 420. Sliding sleeve; 421, partition; 422, limit block; 423, connecting sleeve; 424, spiral block; 425, connecting rod; 426, spiral scraper; 427, support plate; 428, telescopic spring; 43, impact mechanism; 430, support sleeve; 431, support rod; 432, tension spring; 433, fixing plate; 434, rubber layer; 5, support assembly; 50, support frame; 51, sliding plate; 52, sliding frame; 53, limit sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "inside", "outside", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion airflow regulating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 comprises a boiler and a cyclone separator, the upper sides of the two are interconnected, the lower sides of the boiler and the cyclone separator are also interconnected, the boiler and the cyclone separator are both arranged on a support 10, an auxiliary component 2 is arranged on the side of the boiler, and an regulating component 3 is arranged on the upper end of the cyclone separator; The regulating assembly 3 includes a regulating pipe 30, which is connected to the outlet at the upper end of the cyclone separator. An expansion joint 31 is provided at one end of the regulating pipe 30 close to the cyclone separator. The expansion joint 31 connects the cyclone separator and the regulating pipe 30 through a flange. A damper 32 is provided at one end of the regulating pipe 30 close to the expansion joint 31. The damper 32 is used to adjust the flow rate of smoke delivered from the cyclone separator to the regulating pipe 30. The cleaning component 4 is arranged in the regulating tube 30, and the cleaning component 4 includes a mounting frame 40. A cleaning shaft 41 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting frame 40. Two cleaning mechanisms 42 are arranged on the outer side of the cleaning shaft 41. The two cleaning mechanisms 42 are used to clean the inner wall of the regulating tube 30. A striking mechanism 43 is arranged at the lower end of each cleaning mechanism 42. The striking mechanism 43 can knock on the regulating tube 30 when exhausting smoke to clean the regulating tube 30.

[0022] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the damper 32 includes a mounting rod 320, and two semicircular plates 321 are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting rod 320 in a rotating manner. One end of an arc-shaped round rod 322 is arranged on each semicircular plate 321, and the other end of the arc-shaped round rod 322 is slidably arranged in the mounting rod 320. A return spring 323 is arranged between the semicircular plate 321 and the mounting rod 320, and the return spring 323 is sleeved on the outer side of the arc-shaped round rod 322. A limit plate 324 is arranged on the mounting rod 320, and the limit plate 324 is used to limit the semicircular plate 321 from flipping downward; The specific implementation method is as follows: during the combustion process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, the auxiliary component 2 continuously introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1. At this time, the airflow after combustion is transported from the boiler to the cyclone separator, so that the cyclone separator separates the airflow at this time, so that the solid in the airflow is returned to the boiler from the lower end of the cyclone separator for reuse, and the gas flows to the regulating pipe 30 through the upper end outlet of the cyclone separator, and when the airflow flows from the cyclone separator to the regulating pipe 30, when the airflow is small, the semicircular plate 321 is supported by the return spring 3 23, the airflow generated by the combustion and the airflow input by the auxiliary component 2 are not enough to break open the semicircular plate 321. At this time, the combustion airflow of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 will not be discharged from the regulating pipe 30, so that the dense phase area can be increased (the dense phase area of ​​the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 refers to the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed combustion chamber, the section with a high concentration of solid particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow; the corresponding dilute phase area refers to the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed combustion chamber, usually above the secondary air nozzle, the section with a low concentration of solid particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow; the transition The zone is the section between the dense phase zone and the dilute phase zone) particle concentration, prolongs the fuel residence time, improves the combustion reaction sufficiency, and increases the heat storage in the dense phase zone, which helps to maintain the bed temperature stable and reduce the impact of combustion fluctuations on efficiency; as the airflow generated by the combustion in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the airflow input by the auxiliary component 2 gradually increase, the combustion airflow of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 can break open the semicircular plate 321, so that the semicircular plate 321 squeezes the reset spring 323, so that the semicircular plate 321 drives the arc rod 322 along the mounting rod 3 20 rotates, so that a gap is generated between the semicircular plate 321 and the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30, so that the combustion airflow of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 passes through the semicircular plate 321 after being separated by the cyclone separator and flows into the regulating pipe 30. At this time, the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 decreases, and the oxygen in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 increases, which promotes the combustion of combustible gas and fine particles in the dilute phase zone. At the same time, the bed temperature in the dense phase zone decreases, and the burnout speed of large particle fuel is suppressed. However, the excessive air causes the bed temperature to decrease due to the excessive cold air mixing, and CO and NO X The generation increases, and the overall combustion efficiency decreases. At the same time, low bed pressure is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of circulating ash, the capture efficiency of the cyclone separator decreases, the carbon content of the flue gas entering the regulating pipe 30 through the semicircular plate 321 increases, and the fuel loss increases. In order to reduce or even avoid the above situation, when the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 drops, the reset spring 323 squeezes the semicircular plate 321, so that the semicircular plate 321 drives the arc-shaped round rod 322 to rotate and reset on the mounting rod 320. In this way, the semicircular plate 321 controls the closing and opening of the regulating pipe 30, so that the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is in a cycle of increasing and decreasing, thereby facilitating different combustion treatments of the fuel in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, so that the effects under two air pressures can be taken into account in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1. ‌‌‌‌‌‌ In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the cleaning shaft 41 includes two fixed sections 410 and two swing sections 411. The fixed section 410 is arranged in the middle of the mounting frame 40. A swing section 411 is arranged at the lower end of the fixed section 410 through a ball joint. The fixed section 410 and the swing section 411 are arranged at intervals. Two spiral grooves 412 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of each fixed section 410. The spiral grooves 412 are used for the cleaning mechanism 42 to rotate when it moves on the fixed section 410. The specific implementation is as follows: when the combustion airflow generated by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 passes through the semicircular plate 321 and enters the regulating pipe 30, the combustion airflow can drive the cleaning mechanism 42 to move outside the fixed section 410, so that the cleaning mechanism 42 moves and rotates on the fixed section 410 under the action of the spiral groove 412, so that the cleaning mechanism 42 moving and rotating along the fixed section 410 can clean the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30 to prevent particulate impurities in the flue gas from sticking to the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30.

[0023] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the cleaning mechanism 42 includes a sliding sleeve 420, a plurality of baffles 421 are rotatably arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve 420, and the plurality of baffles 421 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the sliding sleeve 420, a torsion spring is arranged between the baffles 421 and the sliding sleeve 420, and a plurality of limit blocks 422 are arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve 420, the number of the limit blocks 422 corresponds to the number of the baffles 421, and the limit blocks 422 are used to limit the baffles 421 from flipping upward; The specific implementation is as follows: after the combustion airflow generated by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 passes through the semicircular plate 321 and enters the regulating pipe 30, the combustion airflow impacts the partition 421. When the pressure of the combustion airflow on the partition 421 is less than the torsion of the torsion spring, the partition 421 will not rotate around the sliding sleeve 420. At this time, the partition 421 still closes the regulating pipe 30, and the combustion airflow will not be discharged from the regulating pipe 30. In this way, the outside air can continue to be transported into the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 through the auxiliary component 2, thereby ensuring that the fuel is fully burned while maintaining The gas pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is maintained so as to extend the residence time of the fuel, improve the sufficiency of the combustion reaction, and maintain the stability of the bed temperature. At the same time, adding a waste heat recovery device at the regulating pipe 30 to recover waste heat can save resources; and as the amount of combustion airflow transported by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to the regulating pipe 30 increases, the pressure in the regulating pipe 30 increases. At this time, the pressure of the combustion airflow impacting the partition 421 gradually exceeds the torsion of the torsion spring. In this way, the combustion airflow drives the partition 421 to squeeze the torsion spring and rotate outside the sliding sleeve 420, so that a gap appears between the partition 421 and the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30, so that the combustion airflow passes through the partition 421 and is discharged from the regulating pipe 30, thereby reducing the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, ensuring combustion safety while ensuring that the auxiliary component 2 can continuously transport oxygen into the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, and promoting the combustion of combustible gas and fine particles in the dilute phase zone; in addition, as a part of the combustion airflow in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is discharged, the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 decreases and gradually becomes less than the torsion of the torsion spring. At this time, the torsion spring drives the partition The plate 421 is reset, and the limit block 422 is used to limit the partition 421 during the reset process to prevent the partition 421 from rotating too much and still having a gap with the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, and when the partition 421 closes the regulating tube 30 again, the pressure of the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 and the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 will rise again, that is, the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating tube 30 always follows a cycle of increase-decrease and repeated increase, thereby extending the fuel residence time, improving the combustion reaction sufficiency and maintaining the bed temperature stable.

[0024] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the torsion spring is evenly arranged along the circumference of the sliding sleeve 420 along with the partition plate 421, and the torsion force of the torsion spring gradually increases; The specific implementation is as follows: in order to fully maintain the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to ensure the adequacy of the combustion reaction, gradually reducing the pressure of the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 can ensure the best combustion efficiency. In this way, a torsion spring with gradually increasing torsion is set, so that the pressure generated by the combustion airflow transported by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to the regulating pipe 30 gradually increases, and during the process of increasing the pressure of the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30, the torsion of the torsion spring with the lowest torsion is exceeded, so that the partition 421 connected to the torsion spring rotates outside the sliding sleeve 420 and a gap is generated between the partition 421 and the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30, so that the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 is discharged from the rotating partition 421, so as to reduce the pressure in the regulating pipe 30 and the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to ensure safety while slowing down the time for the pressure to decrease in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, so as to avoid the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to increase rapidly in a short time. The speed is reduced, so as to ensure the particle concentration in the dense phase zone and prolong the fuel residence time while improving the combustion reaction sufficiency and maintaining the bed temperature stable; and when the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating pipe 30 is too high, the pressure generated by the combustion airflow therein can increase the number of partitions 421 that are opened, so that a large amount of combustion airflow can be discharged from the regulating pipe 30 in a short time; correspondingly, when the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating pipe 30 gradually decreases, the torsion spring with large torsion will first drive the partition 421 connected thereto to reset, and the torsion spring with small torsion will finally drive the partition 421 connected thereto to reset, thereby ensuring that when the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating pipe 30 decreases, the partition 421 can make corresponding actions accordingly, so as to fully control the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 through the partition 421, thereby ensuring the sufficiency of the combustion reaction in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1.

[0025] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the cleaning mechanism 42 further includes a connecting sleeve 423, which is rotatably arranged on the upper end of the sliding sleeve 420, and two spiral blocks 424 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the connecting sleeve 423, and the spiral blocks 424 are rotatably arranged in the spiral groove 412, and one end of a plurality of connecting rods 425 are evenly arranged on the outer side of the connecting sleeve 423 along its circumference, and a spiral scraper 426 is arranged on the other end of the connecting rod 425, and a support plate 427 is arranged on the lower side of each fixed section 410, and a telescopic spring 428 is arranged between the support plate 427 and the sliding sleeve 420; The specific implementation is as follows: when the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 impacts the partition plate 421, the combustion airflow can squeeze the partition plate 421, so that the partition plate 421 drives the sliding sleeve 420 to squeeze the telescopic spring 428 and descend along the fixed section 410, and the sliding sleeve 420 can drive the connecting sleeve 423 to descend synchronously while descending along the fixed section 410. While the connecting sleeve 423 descends along the fixed section 410, the connecting sleeve 423 can drive two symmetrically arranged spiral blocks 424 therein to slide along the spiral groove 412 on the fixed section 410. In this way, while the connecting sleeve 423 descends along the fixed section 410, it is driven to rotate on the fixed section 410 through the cooperation between the spiral blocks 424 and the spiral groove 412, that is, the connecting sleeve 423 rotates while the sliding sleeve 420 descends along the fixed section 410. When the connecting sleeve 423 rotates, it drives the multiple connecting rods 425 arranged on its outside to rotate while descending around the fixed section 410, so that the connecting rod 425 drives the spiral scraper 426 connected to it to rotate while descending around the fixed section 410, so that the spiral scraper 426 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the regulating tube 30; when the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 decreases, the telescopic spring 428 drives the sliding sleeve 420 and the connecting sleeve 423 to move in the opposite direction along the fixed section 410 to reset. At this time, the spiral block 424 cooperates with the spiral groove 412 to drive the connecting sleeve 423 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the connecting sleeve 423 drives the spiral scraper 426 to rotate in the opposite direction through the connecting rod 425 to perform secondary scraping and cleaning on the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, thereby preventing particles in the combustion airflow from adhering to the inner wall of the regulating tube 30.

[0026] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the impact mechanism 43 includes a support sleeve 430, which is arranged at the lower side of the swing section 411, and a plurality of support rods 431 are evenly arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve 430 along its circumference, and the support sleeve 430 and each support rod 431 are connected through a ball joint, and a tension spring 432 is arranged between each support rod 431 and the support sleeve 430, and a fixing plate 433 is arranged at one end of the support rod 431 away from the support sleeve 430, and a rubber layer 434 is slidably arranged on the outer side of the fixing plate 433; The specific implementation is as follows: when the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 impacts the partition 421, the partition 421 rotates and closes, and at this time the combustion airflow passes through the partition 421, and blows the fixed plate 433 while the combustion airflow passes through the partition 421, so that the fixed plate 433 drives the support rod 431 to rotate outside the support sleeve 430, and the support rod 431 pulls the tensioning spring 432 during the rotation, so that under the joint action of the combustion airflow and the tensioning spring 432, the support rod 431 drives the fixed plate 433 to swing on the support sleeve 430, so that the fixed plate 433 intermittently knocks the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, so that the combustion particles adhered to the inner wall of the regulating tube 30 fall off and are discharged from the regulating tube 30 together with the combustion airflow; and when the fixed plate 433 knocks the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, the two are in contact through the rubber layer 434, and the rubber layer 434 can fully reduce the noise generated when the fixed plate 433 knocks the regulating tube 30.

[0027] Another embodiment provided by the present invention further includes a support assembly 5, which is disposed on the support 10 and is used to support and limit the adjustment tube 30; The specific implementation is as follows: the support assembly 5 is arranged on the outside of the regulating tube 30, and the support assembly 5 is used to support and limit the regulating tube 30. At the same time, the support assembly 5 can generate corresponding movement with the vibration of the regulating tube 30 when the fixed plate 433 bridges the regulating tube 30, so that the vibration of the knocking can be fully transmitted to every part of the regulating tube 30, ensuring that the vibration of the knocking of the fixed plate 433 fully removes the combustion particles in the regulating tube 30.

[0028] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the support assembly 5 includes a support member, a sliding plate 51 is slidably provided on the support frame 50, a sliding frame 52 is slidably provided on the sliding plate 51, a limiting sleeve 53 is rotatably provided in the middle of the sliding frame 52, and the adjusting tube 30 is slidably provided in the limiting sleeve 53; The specific implementation is as follows: the sliding plate 51 can move along the support member in a direction away from or close to the boiler, the sliding frame 52 can move along the length direction of the sliding plate 51, that is, perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding plate 51, and the limiting sleeve 53 can rotate in the middle of the sliding frame 52. In this way, when the fixed plate 433 knocks on the inner wall of the adjusting tube 30, the adjusting tube 30 vibrates. At this time, under the action of the expansion joint 31, the adjusting tube 30 will move within a small range, which is convenient for reducing or even avoiding the vibration generated by the knocking to be transmitted to the cyclone separator or the boiler when the adjusting tube 30 is knocked for cleaning.

[0029] Working principle: During the combustion process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, air flow is continuously introduced into the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 through the auxiliary component 2. At this time, the air flow after combustion will be transported from the boiler to the cyclone separator, so that the cyclone separator separates the air flow at this time, and the solids in the air flow are returned to the boiler from the lower end of the cyclone separator for reuse. The gas flows to the regulating pipe 30 through the upper outlet of the cyclone separator, and when the air flow flows from the cyclone separator to the regulating pipe 30, when the air flow is small, the semicircular plate 321 is squeezed by the return spring 323, and the air flow generated by the combustion and the air flow input by the auxiliary component 2 are not enough to break open the semicircular plate 321. At this time, the combustion air flow of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 will not be discharged from the regulating pipe 30, which can increase the particle concentration in the dense phase zone, prolong the fuel residence time, improve the sufficiency of the combustion reaction, and at the same time increase the heat storage in the dense phase zone, which helps to maintain the bed temperature stable. The effect of combustion fluctuation on efficiency is reduced; as the airflow generated by combustion in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the airflow input by the auxiliary component 2 gradually increase, the combustion airflow of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 can break open the semicircular plate 321, so that the semicircular plate 321 squeezes the reset spring 323, so that the semicircular plate 321 drives the arc-shaped round rod 322 to rotate along the mounting rod 320, so that a gap is generated between the semicircular plate 321 and the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, so that the combustion airflow of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 passes through the semicircular plate 321 after separation by the cyclone separator and flows into the regulating tube 30. At this time, the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is reduced, and the oxygen in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is increased, which promotes the combustion of combustible gas and fine particles in the dilute phase zone. At the same time, the bed temperature in the dense phase zone decreases, and the burnout rate of large particle fuel is suppressed. However, excessive air causes the bed temperature to decrease due to the excessive mixing of cold air, and CO and NO X The generation increases, the overall combustion efficiency decreases, and at the same time, the low bed pressure is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of circulating ash, the capture efficiency of the cyclone separator decreases, the carbon content of the flue gas entering the regulating pipe 30 through the semicircular plate 321 increases, and the fuel loss increases; in order to reduce or even avoid the above situation, when the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 drops, the reset spring 323 squeezes the semicircular plate 321, so that the semicircular plate 321 drives the arc-shaped round rod 322 to rotate and reset on the mounting rod 320, so that the semicircular plate 321 controls the closing and opening of the regulating pipe 30, so that the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is in a cycle of increasing and decreasing, thereby facilitating different combustion treatments of the fuel in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, so that the effects under two air pressures are taken into account in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1; When the combustion airflow generated by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 passes through the semicircular plate 321 and enters the regulating pipe 30, the combustion airflow can drive the cleaning mechanism 42 to move outside the fixed section 410, so that the cleaning mechanism 42 moves on the fixed section 410 and rotates at the same time under the action of the spiral groove 412, so that the cleaning mechanism 42 moving and rotating along the fixed section 410 cleans the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30. Specifically, after the combustion airflow generated by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 passes through the semicircular plate 321 and enters the regulating pipe 30, the combustion airflow impacts the partition 421. When the pressure of the combustion airflow on the partition 421 is less than the torsion of the torsion spring, the partition 421 will not rotate around The sliding sleeve 420 rotates, and at this time, the partition plate 421 still closes the regulating pipe 30, and the combustion airflow will not be discharged from the regulating pipe 30. In this way, the outside air can continue to be transported into the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 through the auxiliary component 2, thereby ensuring that the fuel is fully burned while maintaining the air pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, so as to extend the fuel residence time, improve the combustion reaction sufficiency, and maintain the bed temperature stable. At the same time, adding a waste heat recovery device at the regulating pipe 30 to recover waste heat can save resources; and as the combustion airflow transported by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to the regulating pipe 30 increases, the pressure in the regulating pipe 30 increases, and the combustion The pressure of the airflow impacting the partition 421 gradually increases and exceeds the torsion of the torsion spring, so that the combustion airflow drives the partition 421 to squeeze the torsion spring and rotate outside the sliding sleeve 420, so that a gap appears between the partition 421 and the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, so that the combustion airflow passes through the partition 421 and is discharged from the regulating tube 30, thereby reducing the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, ensuring combustion safety while ensuring that the auxiliary component 2 can continuously transport oxygen into the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, promoting the combustion of combustible gas and fine particles in the dilute phase zone; in addition, after a part of the combustion airflow in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 is discharged, the regulating tube 30 The pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 decreases and gradually becomes smaller than the torsion of the torsion spring. At this time, the torsion spring drives the partition 421 to reset. During the reset process of the partition 421, the partition 421 is limited by the limit block 422 to prevent the partition 421 from rotating excessively and still having a gap with the inner wall of the regulating tube 30. When the partition 421 closes the regulating tube 30 again, the pressure of the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 and the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 will rise again, that is, the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating tube 30 always follows a cycle of increase-decrease-increase again, thereby extending the fuel residence time, improving the combustion reaction sufficiency and maintaining the bed temperature stable. In order to fully maintain the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to ensure the sufficiency of the combustion reaction, gradually reducing the pressure of the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 can ensure the best combustion efficiency. In this way, by setting a torsion spring with gradually increasing torsion, the pressure generated by the combustion airflow transported by the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to the regulating pipe 30 gradually increases, and during the process of increasing the pressure of the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30, it will exceed the torsion of the torsion spring with the lowest torsion, so that the partition 421 connected to the torsion spring rotates outside the sliding sleeve 420 and generates a gap between the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30, so that the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 is discharged from the rotating partition 421, so as to reduce the pressure in the regulating pipe 30 and the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 to ensure safety while slowing down the time of pressure reduction in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1, so as to avoid the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 from being reduced rapidly in a short time. In this way, the particle concentration in the dense phase zone is ensured and the fuel residence time is prolonged, while the combustion reaction sufficiency and the bed temperature are maintained stable. When the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating pipe 30 is too high, the pressure generated by the combustion airflow therein can increase the number of partitions 421 that are opened, so that a large amount of combustion airflow can be discharged from the regulating pipe 30 in a short time. Correspondingly, when the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating pipe 30 gradually decreases, the torsion spring with large torsion force will first drive the partition 421 connected thereto to reset, and the torsion spring with small torsion force will finally drive the partition 421 connected thereto to reset, thereby ensuring that when the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 and the regulating pipe 30 decreases, the partition 421 can make corresponding actions accordingly, so as to fully control the pressure in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1 through the partition 421, thereby ensuring the sufficiency of the combustion reaction in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 1. When the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 impacts the partition plate 421, the combustion airflow can squeeze the partition plate 421, so that the partition plate 421 drives the sliding sleeve 420 to squeeze the telescopic spring 428 and descend along the fixed section 410, and the sliding sleeve 420 can drive the connecting sleeve 423 to descend synchronously while descending along the fixed section 410. While the connecting sleeve 423 descends along the fixed section 410, the connecting sleeve 423 can drive two symmetrically arranged spiral blocks 424 therein to slide along the spiral groove 412 on the fixed section 410. In this way, while the connecting sleeve 423 descends along the fixed section 410, the cooperation between the spiral blocks 424 and the spiral groove 412 drives it to slide in the fixed section 410. 10, that is, the connecting sleeve 423 rotates while the sliding sleeve 420 descends along the fixed section 410. When the connecting sleeve 423 rotates, it drives the multiple connecting rods 425 arranged on the outside thereof to descend around the fixed section 410 and rotate at the same time, so that the connecting rods 425 drive the spiral scraper 426 connected thereto to descend around the fixed section 410 and rotate at the same time, so that the spiral scraper 426 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30; when the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 decreases, the telescopic spring 428 drives the sliding sleeve 420 and the connecting sleeve 423 to move in the opposite direction and reset along the fixed section 410. At this time, the spiral block 424 cooperates with the spiral groove 412 to drive the connecting sleeve 4 23 rotates in the opposite direction, so that the connecting sleeve 423 drives the spiral scraper 426 to rotate in the opposite direction through the connecting rod 425 to perform secondary scraping and cleaning on the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30, thereby preventing particles in the combustion airflow from adhering to the inner wall of the regulating pipe 30; at the same time, when the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating pipe 30 impacts the partition plate 421, the combustion airflow can squeeze the partition plate 421, so that the partition plate 421 drives the sliding sleeve 420 to squeeze the telescopic spring 428 and descend along the fixed section 410, and the sliding sleeve 420 can drive the connecting sleeve 423 to descend synchronously while descending along the fixed section 410, and the connecting sleeve 423 can drive its inner The two spiral blocks 424 are arranged to slide along the spiral groove 412 on the fixed section 410, so that the connecting sleeve 423 is driven to rotate on the fixed section 410 while descending along the fixed section 410 through the cooperation between the spiral blocks 424 and the spiral groove 412, that is, the connecting sleeve 423 rotates while descending along the fixed section 410 as the sliding sleeve 420 rotates, and the connecting sleeve 423 drives the multiple connecting rods 425 arranged on the outside thereof to rotate while descending around the fixed section 410, so that the connecting rods 425 drive the spiral scraper 426 connected thereto to rotate while descending around the fixed section 410, so that the spiral scraper 426 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the regulating tube 30;When the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 decreases, the telescopic spring 428 drives the sliding sleeve 420 and the connecting sleeve 423 to move in the opposite direction along the fixed section 410 to reset. At this time, the spiral block 424 cooperates with the spiral groove 412 to drive the connecting sleeve 423 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the connecting sleeve 423 drives the spiral scraper 426 to rotate in the opposite direction through the connecting rod 425 to perform secondary scraping and cleaning on the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, thereby preventing particles in the combustion airflow from adhering to the inner wall of the regulating tube 30; at the same time, when the pressure generated by the combustion airflow in the regulating tube 30 impacts the partition plate 421, the partition plate 421 rotates and closes. At this time, the combustion airflow passes through the partition plate 421, and blows the fixed plate 421 while the combustion airflow passes through the partition plate 421. 33, so that the fixing plate 433 drives the support rod 431 to rotate outside the support sleeve 430, and the support rod 431 pulls the tension spring 432 during the rotation, so that under the joint action of the combustion airflow and the tension spring 432, the support rod 431 drives the fixing plate 433 to swing on the support sleeve 430, so that the fixing plate 433 intermittently knocks the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, so that the combustion particles adhered to the inner wall of the regulating tube 30 fall off and are discharged from the regulating tube 30 together with the combustion airflow; and when the fixing plate 433 knocks the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, the two are in contact through the rubber layer 434, and the rubber layer 434 can fully reduce the noise generated when the fixing plate 433 knocks the regulating tube 30; When the fixed plate 433 bridges the regulating tube 30, it can generate corresponding movement with the vibration of the regulating tube 30, so that the vibration of the knocking can be fully transmitted to every part of the regulating tube 30, ensuring that the vibration of the knocking of the fixed plate 433 fully removes the combustion particles in the regulating tube 30. Specifically, the sliding plate 51 can move along the support member in the direction away from or close to the boiler, and the sliding frame 52 can move along the length direction of the sliding plate 51, that is, perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding plate 51, and the limit sleeve 53 can rotate in the middle of the sliding frame 52. In this way, when the fixed plate 433 knocks on the inner wall of the regulating tube 30, the regulating tube 30 vibrates. At this time, under the action of the expansion joint 31, the regulating tube 30 will move within a small range, which is convenient for reducing or even avoiding the vibration generated by the knocking when the regulating tube 30 is knocked and cleaned to be transmitted to the cyclone separator or boiler.

[0030] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion airflow regulating device, the circulating fluidized bed boiler (1) comprising a boiler and a cyclone separator, the upper sides of the two being in communication with each other, the lower sides of the boiler and the cyclone separator also being in communication with each other, the boiler and the cyclone separator being both arranged on a support (10), an auxiliary component (2) being arranged on the side of the boiler, and an regulating component (3) being arranged on the upper end of the cyclone separator, characterized in that: A regulating assembly (3), the regulating assembly (3) comprising a regulating pipe (30), the regulating pipe (30) being connected to an outlet at an upper end of the cyclone separator, an expansion joint (31) being provided at one end of the regulating pipe (30) close to the cyclone separator, the expansion joint (31) being connected to the cyclone separator and the regulating pipe (30) via a flange, a damper (32) being provided at one end of the regulating pipe (30) close to the expansion joint (31), the damper (32) being used to regulate the flow rate of smoke transported from the cyclone separator to the regulating pipe (30); A cleaning assembly (4), the cleaning assembly (4) being arranged in the regulating tube (30), the cleaning assembly (4) comprising a mounting frame (40), a cleaning shaft (41) being rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting frame (40), two cleaning mechanisms (42) being arranged on the outer side of the cleaning shaft (41), the two cleaning mechanisms (42) being used to clean the inner wall of the regulating tube (30), a striking mechanism (43) being arranged at the lower end of each of the cleaning mechanisms (42), the striking mechanism (43) being capable of knocking against the regulating tube (30) when exhausting smoke so as to clean the regulating tube (30).

2. The combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper (32) comprises a mounting rod (320), and two semicircular plates (321) are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting rod (320) in a rotating manner. One end of an arc-shaped round rod (322) is arranged on each semicircular plate (321), and the other end of the arc-shaped round rod (322) is slidably arranged in the mounting rod (320). A return spring (323) is arranged between the semicircular plate (321) and the mounting rod (320), and the return spring (323) is sleeved on the outside of the arc-shaped round rod (322). A limit plate (324) is arranged on the mounting rod (320), and the limit plate (324) is used to limit the semicircular plate (321) from turning downward.

3. The combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning shaft (41) comprises two fixed sections (410) and two swing sections (411); the fixed section (410) is arranged in the middle of the mounting frame (40); a swing section (411) is arranged at the lower end of the fixed section (410) via a ball joint; the fixed section (410) and the swing section (411) are arranged at intervals; two spiral grooves (412) are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of each fixed section (410); the spiral grooves (412) enable the cleaning mechanism (42) to rotate when moving on the fixed section (410).

4. The combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (42) comprises a sliding sleeve (420), a plurality of partitions (421) are rotatably arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve (420), and the plurality of partitions (421) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the sliding sleeve (420), a torsion spring is arranged between the partitions (421) and the sliding sleeve (420), and a plurality of limit blocks (422) are arranged on the outside of the sliding sleeve (420), the number of the limit blocks (422) corresponds to the number of the partitions (421), and the limit blocks (422) are used to limit the upward flipping of the partitions (421).

5. The combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torsion spring is evenly arranged along the circumference of the sliding sleeve (420) along with the partition plate (421), and the torsion force of the torsion spring gradually increases.

6. The combustion air flow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (42) further comprises a connecting sleeve (423), the connecting sleeve (423) being rotatably arranged on the upper end of the sliding sleeve (420), two spiral blocks (424) being symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the connecting sleeve (423), the spiral blocks (424) being rotatably arranged in the spiral groove (412), one end of a plurality of connecting rods (425) being evenly arranged on the outer side of the connecting sleeve (423) along its circumference, the other end of the connecting rod (425) being provided with a spiral scraper (426), a supporting plate (427) being provided on the lower side of each of the fixed sections (410), and a telescopic spring (428) being provided between the supporting plate (427) and the sliding sleeve (420).

7. The combustion airflow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impact mechanism (43) comprises a support sleeve (430), wherein the support sleeve (430) is arranged at the lower side of the swing section (411), a plurality of support rods (431) are evenly arranged on the outer side of the support sleeve (430) along its circumference, and the support sleeve (430) and each of the support rods (431) are connected via a ball joint, a tension spring (432) is arranged between each of the support rods (431) and the support sleeve (430), a fixing plate (433) is arranged at one end of the support rod (431) away from the support sleeve (430), and a rubber layer (434) is arranged on the outer side of the fixing plate (433) in a sliding manner.

8. The combustion air flow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a support assembly (5), wherein the support assembly (5) is arranged on the support (10), and the support assembly (5) is used to support and limit the position of the regulating tube (30).

9. The combustion air flow regulating device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support assembly (5) comprises a support frame (50), a sliding plate (51) is slidably arranged on the support frame (50), a sliding frame (52) is slidably arranged on the sliding plate (51), a limiting sleeve (53) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the sliding frame (52), and the adjusting tube (30) is slidably arranged in the limiting sleeve (53).

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