Grassland soil nitrogen content detection device and method based on spectrum technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and discloses a grassland soil nitrogen content detection device and method.The device comprises a detector, a frame fixedly sleeves a detection head of the detector, and a decomposition assembly for decomposing soil blocks into soil particles is arranged in the frame; and side plates are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame body. A soil block can be decomposed into soil particles, then the soil particles sequentially pass through the position below the detection head, the soil particles are detected, the whole soil block can be detected more comprehensively, the detection result is more accurate, and the situation that the nitrogen content in the soil block cannot be fully detected due to the fact that the selection amount of soil block detection points is insufficient is avoided; and after detection is finished, a decomposition frame, a crushing rod and a conveying belt can be cleaned, so that the situation that the detection result is influenced by residual soil particles can be avoided in subsequent use, and it is guaranteed that the detection result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular relates to a device and method for detecting nitrogen content in grassland soil based on spectral technology. Background Art

[0002] Nitrogen is one of the essential nutrients for plant growth. It plays an extremely critical role in many physiological processes such as plant growth and development, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, etc. Accurate detection of soil nitrogen content can help us determine the fertility of the soil, thereby providing a scientific basis for reasonable fertilization and avoiding poor crop growth due to insufficient nitrogen fertilizer application or environmental pollution and waste of resources caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer application.

[0003] When testing the nitrogen content of grassland soil, a handheld spectrometer is needed. By pointing the detection head of the handheld spectrometer at the part of the soil to be tested, the detected nitrogen content and other data will be displayed on the screen of the detector. However, in actual operation, the soil will form clods, and the distribution of nitrogen in the clods is uneven. During the test, it is easy to select insufficient test points for the clods, resulting in inaccurate nitrogen content test results for the clods.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a grassland soil nitrogen content detection device and method based on spectral technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a grassland soil nitrogen content detection device and method based on spectral technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology, including a detector, a detection head of the detector is fixedly sleeved with a frame, the interior of the frame is provided with a decomposition component for decomposing soil blocks into soil particles, the bottom of the frame is symmetrically provided with side panels, the inner side of the side panels is fixedly installed with a support plate, the inner side of the side panels is symmetrically rotatably installed with rollers, a conveyor belt is connected between the two rollers, partitions are equidistantly fixedly installed on the outer side of the conveyor belt, a vertical plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side plates, a first motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical plate, the output shaft of the first motor passes through the vertical plate and the side plate and is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding roller, an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the inner side of the vertical plate, the electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the frame, and the partition can fit with the bottom of the frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the disassembly assembly includes a disassembly frame arranged in a frame body, a rotating rod is rotatably installed inside the disassembly frame, a plurality of groups of breaking rods are arranged on the outside of the rotating rod, a second motor is fixedly installed on one side of the disassembly frame, and an output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod.

[0008] Furthermore, when the electric push rod is shortened to the point where it cannot be shortened any further, the outer side of the side plate is flush with the outer side of the frame, and the top of the partition is flush with the top of the side plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the frame is symmetrically provided with a sliding opening away from the detection head of the detector, a sliding plate is provided in the sliding opening, one end of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the decomposition frame, the top of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the top wall of the sliding opening through a first spring, an extrusion assembly for intermittently extruding the sliding plate is provided on the outside of the vertical plate, a cleaning assembly for cleaning the conveyor belt is provided on the support plate, and a groove corresponding to the decomposition frame is provided on the top wall of the frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the extrusion assembly includes a mounting plate fixedly mounted on the outer side of the skateboard, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate, a top plate is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft extends to the outer sleeve of the mounting plate and a first torsion spring is provided, two ends of the first torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting plate, a cross bar is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate close to the vertical plate, a cross plate is fixedly mounted on the outside of the vertical plate, protrusions are fixedly mounted equidistantly on the top of the cross plate, and an arc surface is provided on the side of the protrusion away from the top plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a movable groove provided at the bottom of the supporting plate, a clapper is slidably provided in the movable groove, the top of the clapper is fixedly connected to the top wall of the movable groove by a plurality of second springs, the clapper contacts the inner side of the conveyor belt, a movable opening connected to the movable groove is provided on the outer side of the side plate, a resist rod is fixedly installed at one end of the clapper, one end of the resist rod passes through the movable opening and extends to the outside of the side plate, a seesaw is rotatably installed on the outer side of the side plate by a circular axis, one end of the seesaw is located below the resist rod, and the side A limit rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the plate, and the limit rod is below the rocker plate near one end of the stop rod. One end of the rotating roller on one side extends to the outside of the side plate and is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. A fixed plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate. An axle rod is rotatably installed on the inner side of the fixed plate. A toggle plate is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the axle rod. One end of the axle rod extends to the outer sleeve of the fixed plate and is provided with a second torsion spring, and both ends of the second torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the axle rod and the fixed plate, and a stop rod is fixedly installed on the inner side of the fixed plate and above the toggle plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the decomposition frame is flush with the bottom of the frame body.

[0013] The method for detecting soil nitrogen content using the grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology as described above comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. When in use, hold the detector with the bottom of the frame facing upwards, then put the soil blocks taken out of the grassland soil into the frame, so that the soil blocks are located in the decomposition components, and then start the electric push rod to shorten it and move the vertical plate, side plate, support plate, roller, and conveyor belt accordingly, so that the two support plates and the relative rollers finally fit together. At this time, the conveyor belts on both sides fit together, the outer side of the side plate is flush with the outer side of the frame, and the top of the side plate fits with the bottom of the frame, so that the bottom of the frame is closed;

[0015] S2. Decompose the soil block into soil particles by decomposing the components, then hold the detector so that the bottom of the frame is downward, and the soil particles fall onto the conveyor belt. Start the first motor so that its output shaft rotates forward with the roller, so that the conveyor belt rotates accordingly, and cooperates with the partition to drive the soil particles to the detection head of the detector. With the continuous movement of the soil particles, the detection range of the detection head of the detector can cover the range formed between two adjacent partitions. When the soil particles between the two adjacent partitions move to the detection head, the output shaft of the first motor stops moving. The first motor is a servo motor, and its output shaft can rotate intermittently. With the stop of the output shaft of the first motor, the conveyor belt stops at this time. The detector cooperates with the detection head to detect the soil particles between the two partitions below the detection head, and detects the nitrogen content of the soil. The nitrogen content is displayed on the screen of the detector and recorded.

[0016] S3. Then the output shaft of the first motor continues to rotate for a period of time and then stops. The same principle applies. It can intermittently move the soil particles between adjacent partitions to the bottom of the detection head for detection. As the conveyor belt continues to move, the detected soil particles move to the outside of the frame and fall outside, leaving the conveyor belt. After all the soil particles are detected, the average value of the nitrogen content of multiple tests is calculated, that is, the nitrogen content of the soil block is obtained. During the whole process, the soil block is decomposed into soil particles, and then the soil particles are passed under the detection head in turn for detection. This allows a more comprehensive detection of the entire soil block, making the detection result more accurate.

[0017] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0018] 1. The present invention can decompose soil blocks into soil particles, and then make the soil particles pass under the detection head in sequence to detect the soil particles, so that the entire soil block can be detected more comprehensively, and the detection result is more accurate, avoiding the situation where the number of soil block detection points is insufficient, thereby failing to fully detect the nitrogen content in the soil block;

[0019] 2. After the detection, the present invention can clean the decomposition frame, the crushing rod and the conveyor belt, so that in subsequent use, the residual soil particles can be prevented from affecting the detection results, thereby ensuring that the detection results are more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectroscopy technology according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectroscopy technology according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a support plate and a conveyor belt assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 6 The embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the exploded frame of an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram showing a partial structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1. detector; 2. frame; 3. side plate; 4. roller; 5. conveyor belt; 6. partition; 7. vertical plate; 8. first motor; 9. electric push rod; 10. disassembly frame; 11. rotating rod; 12. breaking rod; 13. second motor; 14. slide plate; 15. mounting plate; 16. top plate; 17. first torsion spring; 18. cross bar; 19. cross plate; 20. bump; 21. arc surface; 22. clapper board; 23. second spring; 24. push rod; 25. seesaw; 26. limit rod; 27. connecting plate; 28. fixed plate; 29. ​​toggle plate; 30. second torsion spring; 31. stop rod; 32. support plate; 33. first spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0030] The present invention provides a grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a detector 1, which is a handheld spectrometer in the prior art. A frame 2 is fixedly sleeved outside the detection head of the detector 1, and a decomposition component for decomposing soil blocks into soil particles is arranged inside the frame 2. Side panels 3 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom of the frame 2, and a support plate 32 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the side panel 3. Rollers 4 are symmetrically rotatably installed on the inner side of the side panel 3, and a conveyor belt 5 is connected between the two rollers 4. Partitions 6 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the outer side of the conveyor belt 5, and a vertical plate 7 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side panel 3. A first motor 8 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical plate 7, and the output shaft of the first motor 8 passes through the vertical plate 7 and the side panel 3 and is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding roller 4. An electric push rod 9 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the vertical plate 7, and the electric push rod 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 2. The partition 6 can fit with the bottom of the frame 2, and the detection range width of the detector 1 is consistent with the inner wall width of the frame 2.

[0031] When in use, the detector 1 is held in the hand with the bottom of the frame 2 facing upwards, and then the soil blocks taken out from the grassland soil are placed in the frame 2 so that the soil blocks are located in the decomposition component, and then the electric push rod 9 is started to shorten it and the vertical plate 7, the side plate 3, the support plate 32, the roller 4, and the conveyor belt 5 move accordingly, so that the two support plates 32 and the relative rollers 4 finally fit together. At this time, the conveyor belts 5 on both sides fit together, the outer side of the side plate 3 is flush with the outer side of the frame 2, and the top of the side plate 3 fits with the bottom of the frame 2, so that the bottom of the frame 2 is closed, and the soil blocks are decomposed into soil particles through the decomposition component, and then the conveyor belt 5 is held. The detector 1 makes the bottom of the frame 2 face downward, and the soil particles fall onto the conveyor belt 5. The first motor 8 is started to make its output shaft rotate forward with the roller 4, so that the conveyor belt 5 rotates accordingly, and cooperates with the partition 6 to drive the soil particles to the detection head of the detector 1. With the continuous movement of the soil particles, the detection range of the detection head of the detector 1 can cover the range formed between two adjacent partitions 6. When the soil particles between the two adjacent partitions 6 move to the detection head, the output shaft of the first motor 8 stops moving. The first motor 8 is a servo motor, and its output shaft can rotate intermittently. The axis stops, and the conveyor belt 5 stops at this time. The detector 1 cooperates with the detection head to detect the soil particles between the two partitions 6 located below the detection head, and detects the nitrogen content of the soil. The nitrogen content is displayed on the screen of the detector 1 and recorded. Then the output shaft of the first motor 8 continues to rotate for a period of time and then stops. Based on the same principle, it can intermittently move the soil particles between the adjacent partitions 6 to the bottom of the detection head for detection. With the continuous movement of the conveyor belt 5, the detected soil particles move to the outside of the frame 2 and fall outside, leaving the conveyor belt 5. After all the soil particles are detected, multiple calculations are performed. The average value of the nitrogen content is detected, that is, the nitrogen content of the soil block is obtained. During the whole process, the soil block is decomposed into soil particles, and then the soil particles are passed under the detection head in turn for detection, so that a more comprehensive detection of the entire soil block can be performed, and the detection result is more accurate, avoiding the situation where insufficient amount of soil block detection points are selected, and thus the nitrogen content in the soil block cannot be fully detected. After the detection is completed, the electric push rod 9 is started to extend it, so that the two conveyor belts 5 that are fitted together are separated, the bottom of the frame 2 is opened, and the conveyor belt 5 continues to rotate for a period of time to allow the soil particles on its surface to fall to the outside.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the decomposition assembly includes a decomposition frame 10 arranged in a frame body 2, a rotating rod 11 is rotatably installed inside the decomposition frame 10, a plurality of breaking rods 12 are arranged on the outside of the rotating rod 11, a second motor 13 is fixedly installed on one side of the decomposition frame 10, and an output shaft of the second motor 13 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 11.

[0033] The soil block is placed in the decomposition frame 10, and the second motor 13 is started to make its output shaft rotate with the rotating rod 11 and the breaking rod 12, so that the soil block is decomposed into soil particles.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, when the electric push rod 9 is shortened to the point where it can no longer be shortened, the outer side of the side panel 3 is flush with the outer side of the frame 2, and the top of the partition 6 is flush with the top of the side panel 3. When one partition 6 moves to separate from the bottom of the frame 2 away from the detection head, the other partition 6 can contact with the bottom of the frame 2 away from the detection head, thereby preventing soil particles from falling to the outside.

[0035] The side plate 3 cooperates with the partition plate 6 and the frame 2 to form a closed area, so as to prevent soil particles from falling out through the bottom of the frame 2 away from the side of the detection head.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the frame 2 is symmetrically provided with a sliding opening away from the detection head of the detector 1, and a slide plate 14 is provided in the sliding opening. One end of the slide plate 14 is fixedly connected to the decomposition frame 10, and the top of the slide plate 14 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the sliding opening through a first spring 33. An extrusion assembly for intermittently extruding the slide plate 14 is provided on the outside of the vertical plate 7, and a cleaning assembly for cleaning the conveyor belt 5 is provided on the support plate 32. The top wall of the frame 2 is provided with a groove corresponding to the decomposition frame 10.

[0037] If the soil block to be tested is moist inside, some soil particles will remain on the decomposition frame 10, the crushing rod 12 and the conveyor belt 5 after the soil block is decomposed and tested. When used subsequently, these soil particles will be mixed with soil blocks in different areas to be tested next time, affecting the test results. Therefore, when the electric push rod 9 is extended, as the vertical plate 7 and the side plate 3 are reset, the cooperating extrusion assembly intermittently squeezes the slide plate 14. When the slide plate 14 is squeezed, the slide plate 14 moves with the decomposition frame 10 in the direction away from the side plate 3, compressing the first spring 33 to deform it and generate a force. When the extrusion of the slide plate 14 is cancelled, the first spring 33 is released. The force causes the slide plate 14 and the decomposition frame 10 to quickly reset. The slide plate 14 collides with the inner wall of the slide opening to generate vibration, which is transmitted to the decomposition frame 10, causing the decomposition frame 10 and the crushing rod 12 to vibrate. Subsequently, accompanied by intermittent extrusion of the extrusion assembly, the decomposition frame 10 can be continuously vibrated, thereby shaking off the attached soil particles, so that these residual soil particles can be cleaned. When the side plate 3 is reset, the conveyor belt 5 is cleaned by the cleaning assembly to remove the soil particles remaining on the surface of the conveyor belt 5. Finally, the decomposition frame 10, the crushing rod 12, and the conveyor belt 5 are cleaned, so that when they are used later, the soil particles remaining in them can be prevented from affecting the subsequent detection results.

[0038] like Figure 2and Figure 3 As shown, the extrusion assembly includes a mounting plate 15 fixedly mounted on the outside of the slide plate 14, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate 15, a top plate 16 is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft extends to the outer sleeve of the mounting plate 15 and a first torsion spring 17 is provided, both ends of the first torsion spring 17 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting plate 15 respectively, a cross bar 18 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate 15 close to the vertical plate 7, a cross plate 19 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the vertical plate 7, a protrusion 20 is fixedly mounted on the top of the cross plate 19 at equal distances, and a curved surface 21 is provided on the side of the protrusion 20 away from the top plate 16.

[0039] When the electric push rod 9 is shortened, the vertical plate 7, the horizontal plate 19, and the protrusion 20 move accordingly. After the protrusion 20 contacts the top plate 16, the top plate 16 is driven to rotate with the shaft, so that the first torsion spring 17 is twisted to torsionally deform. When the protrusion 20 is separated from the top plate 16, the first torsion spring 17 brings the shaft and the top plate 16 back to the original position, so that the top plate 16 avoids and ensures the normal movement of the vertical plate 7. When the electric push rod 9 is extended, on the contrary, the horizontal plate 19 moves accordingly. After the arc surface 21 of the protrusion 20 contacts the top plate 16, the top plate 16 cannot rotate due to the existence of the cross bar 18. 21 is squeezed, so that the top plate 16 moves with the rotating shaft, the mounting plate 15, the slide plate 14, and the decomposition frame 10 in the direction away from the side plate 3. The slide plate 14 compresses the first spring 33 to deform it and generate a force, and then the protrusion 20 separates from the top plate 16, and the squeezing of the top plate 16 is cancelled. At this time, the first spring 33 releases the force and quickly resets the slide plate 14 and the decomposition frame 10. The slide plate 14 collides with the inner wall of the sliding mouth to generate vibration. Subsequently, multiple protrusions 20 continuously cooperate with the arc surface 21 to squeeze the top plate 16, and then the squeezing of the top plate 16 is cancelled, so that the decomposition frame 10 vibrates continuously.

[0040] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, the cleaning assembly includes a movable groove opened at the bottom of the support plate 32, a clapper 22 is slidably provided in the movable groove, the top of the clapper 22 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the movable groove by a plurality of second springs 23, the clapper 22 contacts the inner side of the conveyor belt 5, a moving opening connected to the movable groove is opened on the outer side of the side plate 3, a stop rod 24 is fixedly installed at one end of the clapper 22, one end of the stop rod 24 extends to the outside of the side plate 3 through the moving opening, a seesaw 25 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the side plate 3 through a circular axis, one end of the seesaw 25 is located below the stop rod 24, and the outer side of the side plate 3 is fixedly installed A limit rod 26 is installed, and the limit rod 26 is below one end of the rocker 25 near the stop rod 24. One end of the rotating roller 4 on one side extends to the outside of the side plate 3 and is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 27. A fixing plate 28 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate 27. An axle rod is rotatably installed on the inner side of the fixing plate 28. A toggle plate 29 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the axle rod. One end of the axle rod extends to the outer sleeve of the fixing plate 28 and is provided with a second torsion spring 30. Both ends of the second torsion spring 30 are fixedly connected to the axle rod and the fixing plate 28 respectively. A stop rod 31 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the fixing plate 28 and above the toggle plate 29.

[0041] When the roller 4 rotates forward, the connecting plate 27, the fixed plate 28, the shaft rod and the toggle plate 29 move accordingly. When the toggle plate 29 contacts the end of the seesaw 25 away from the limit rod 26, the seesaw 25 cannot rotate and remains stationary due to the existence of the limit rod 26. As the toggle plate 29 moves, the toggle plate 29 is contacted by the seesaw 25 and rotates with the shaft rod, twisting the second torsion spring 30 to torsionally deform it. When the toggle plate 29 is separated from the seesaw 25, the second torsion spring 30 releases its force and resets the shaft rod and the toggle plate 29. Subsequently, as the roller 4 rotates forward, the toggle plate 29 continuously avoids the seesaw 25 to ensure the normal rotation of the roller 4. When the side plate 3 is reset, the first motor 8 is started to reverse its output shaft, and the reverse The roller 4 is reversed by the conveyor belt 5, and the other roller 4 is reversed, so that the toggle plate 29 rotates accordingly. After the toggle plate 29 contacts the seesaw 25, due to the existence of the blocking rod 31, the toggle plate 29 cannot rotate and remains stationary, so that the toggle plate 29 presses down one end of the seesaw 25, so that the end of the seesaw 25 that contacts the push rod 24 rises, so that the clapper board 22 rises against the push rod 24, and the second spring 23 is compressed to deform it and generate a force. When the toggle plate 29 is separated from the seesaw 25, the second spring 23 releases its force and quickly resets the clapper board 22 to hit the conveyor belt 5. At this time, along with the movement of the conveyor belt 5, the soil particles remaining on the conveyor belt 5 can be knocked off, so that the conveyor belt 5 is cleaned.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the exploded frame 10 is flush with the bottom of the frame body 2 .

[0043] When the conveyor belt 5 moves with the partition 6, the top of the partition 6 fits with the bottom of the decomposition frame 10, so that the soil particles that fall on the conveyor belt 5 and are located between adjacent partitions 6 can be spread out and move, avoiding the accumulation of soil particles and affecting the detection effect.

[0044] The method for detecting soil nitrogen content using the grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology as described above comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. When in use, hold the detector 1 so that the bottom of the frame 2 faces upward, then put the soil blocks taken out from the grassland soil into the frame 2 so that the soil blocks are located in the decomposition assembly, then start the electric push rod 9 to shorten it and move the vertical plate 7, the side plate 3, the support plate 32, the roller 4, and the conveyor belt 5 accordingly, so that the two support plates 32 and the relative rollers 4 finally fit together, at this time, the conveyor belts 5 on both sides fit together, the outer side of the side plate 3 is flush with the outer side of the frame 2, and the top of the side plate 3 fits with the bottom of the frame 2, so that the bottom of the frame 2 is closed;

[0046] S2. Decompose the soil block into soil particles by decomposing the components, then hold the detector 1 so that the bottom of the frame 2 is downward, and the soil particles fall onto the conveyor belt 5. Start the first motor 8 so that its output shaft rotates forward with the roller 4, so that the conveyor belt 5 rotates accordingly, and cooperates with the partition 6 to drive the soil particles to the detection head of the detector 1. With the continuous movement of the soil particles, the detection range of the detection head of the detector 1 can cover the range formed between two adjacent partitions 6. When the soil particles between the two adjacent partitions 6 move to the detection head, the output shaft of the first motor 8 stops moving. The first motor 8 is a servo motor, and its output shaft can rotate intermittently. With the stop of the output shaft of the first motor 8, the conveyor belt 5 stops at this time, and the detector 1 cooperates with the detection head to detect the soil particles between the two partitions 6 below the detection head, and detects the nitrogen content of the soil. The nitrogen content is displayed on the screen of the detector 1 and recorded;

[0047] S3. Then the output shaft of the first motor 8 continues to rotate for a period of time and then stops. Based on the same principle, it can intermittently move the soil particles between the adjacent partitions 6 to the bottom of the detection head for detection. As the conveyor belt 5 continues to move, the detected soil particles move to the outside of the frame 2 and fall outside, leaving the conveyor belt 5. After all the soil particles are detected, the average value of the nitrogen content detected multiple times is calculated, that is, the nitrogen content of the soil block is obtained. During the whole process, the soil block is decomposed into soil particles, and then the soil particles are passed under the detection head in turn for detection, so that the entire soil block can be detected more comprehensively, and the detection result is more accurate.

[0048] Working principle: When in use, hold the detector 1 so that the bottom of the frame 2 faces upward, then put the soil blocks taken out from the grassland soil into the decomposition frame 10, then start the electric push rod 9 to shorten it and move with the vertical plate 7, side plate 3, support plate 32, roller 4, and conveyor belt 5, so that the two support plates 32 and the relative roller 4 are finally fitted together, at this time, the conveyor belts 5 on both sides fit each other, the outer side of the side plate 3 is flush with the outer side of the frame 2, and the top of the side plate 3 fits with the bottom of the frame 2, so that the bottom of the frame 2 is closed, start the second motor 13 so that its output shaft rotates with the rotating rod 11 and the breaking rod 12, so that the soil blocks are decomposed into soil particles, then hold the detector 1 so that the bottom of the frame 2 is downward, and the soil particles fall down To the conveyor belt 5, start the first motor 8 so that its output shaft rotates forward with the roller 4, so that the conveyor belt 5 rotates accordingly, and cooperates with the partition 6 to drive the soil particles to the detection head of the detector 1. With the continuous movement of the soil particles, the detection range of the detection head of the detector 1 can cover the range formed between two adjacent partitions 6. When the soil particles between the two adjacent partitions 6 move to the detection head, the output shaft of the first motor 8 stops moving. The first motor 8 is a servo motor, and its output shaft can rotate intermittently. With the stop of the output shaft of the first motor 8, the conveyor belt 5 stops at this time, and the detector 1 cooperates with the detection head to detect the soil particles between the two partitions 6 located below the detection head, and detects the nitrogen content of the soil. The nitrogen content is displayed on the screen of the detector 1. And record, then the output shaft of the first motor 8 continues to rotate for a period of time and then stops. The same principle can intermittently move the soil particles between the adjacent partitions 6 to the bottom of the detection head for detection. With the continuous movement of the conveyor belt 5, the detected soil particles move to the outside of the frame 2 and fall outside, leaving the conveyor belt 5. After all soil particles are detected, the average value of the nitrogen content detected multiple times is calculated, that is, the nitrogen content of the soil block is obtained. During the whole process, the soil block is decomposed into soil particles, and then the soil particles are passed under the detection head in turn to detect the soil particles, so that the entire soil block can be detected more comprehensively, and the detection result is more accurate, avoiding the situation where the number of soil block detection points is insufficient, so that the nitrogen content in the soil block cannot be fully detected. After the detection is completed, the electric push rod 9 is started to extend, so that the two conveyor belts 5 that are fitted together are separated, the bottom of the frame 2 is opened, and the conveyor belt 5 continues to rotate for a period of time to allow the soil particles on its surface to fall to the outside; if the inside of the detected soil block is moist, some soil particles will remain on the decomposition frame 10, the crushing rod 12 and the conveyor belt 5 after the soil block is decomposed and detected, so that during subsequent use, these soil particles will be mixed with soil blocks in different areas of the next detection, affecting the detection result. Therefore, when the electric push rod 9 is shortened, the vertical plate 7, the horizontal plate 19, and the protrusion 20 move accordingly. After the protrusion 20 conflicts with the top plate 16, the top plate 16 is driven to rotate with the rotating shaft, so that the first torsion spring 17 is twisted to cause it to twist and deform. When the protrusion 20 is separated from the top plate 16,The first torsion spring 17 brings the rotating shaft and the top plate 16 to reset, so that the top plate 16 avoids and ensures the normal movement of the vertical plate 7. When the electric push rod 9 is extended, the vertical plate 7 and the side plate 3 are reset, and vice versa, the cross plate 19 moves accordingly. After the arc surface 21 of the protrusion 20 conflicts with the top plate 16, the top plate 16 cannot rotate due to the existence of the cross bar 18. With the extrusion of the arc surface 21, the top plate 16 moves with the rotating shaft, the mounting plate 15, the slide plate 14, and the decomposition frame 10 away from the side plate 3. The slide plate 14 compresses the first spring 33 to deform it to generate a force, and then the protrusion 20 separates from the top plate 16, canceling the top plate 16. The first spring 33 releases its force to quickly reset the slide plate 14 and the decomposition frame 10. The slide plate 14 collides with the inner wall of the slide to generate vibration. Subsequently, multiple protrusions 20 continuously cooperate with the arc surface 21 to squeeze the top plate 16, and then the squeezing of the top plate 16 is cancelled, so that the decomposition frame 10 continuously vibrates, thereby shaking off the attached soil particles, so that the remaining soil particles are cleaned. When the roller 4 rotates forward, it moves with the connecting plate 27, the fixed plate 28, the shaft rod, and the toggle plate 29. When the toggle plate 29 contacts the end of the seesaw 25 away from the limit rod 26, the seesaw 25 cannot rotate due to the existence of the limit rod 26, and remains stationary. The toggle plate 29 is stopped. With the movement of the toggle plate 29, the toggle plate 29 is resisted by the seesaw 25 and rotates with the shaft rod, twisting the second torsion spring 30 to torsionally deform it. When the toggle plate 29 is separated from the seesaw 25, the second torsion spring 30 releases the force to reset the shaft rod and the toggle plate 29. Subsequently, with the positive rotation of the roller 4, the toggle plate 29 continuously avoids the seesaw 25 to ensure the normal rotation of the roller 4. When the side plate 3 is reset, the first motor 8 is started to reverse its output shaft. Conversely, the roller 4 is reversed by the conveyor belt 5 and the other roller 4 is reversed, so that the toggle plate 29 rotates accordingly. After the toggle plate 29 conflicts with the seesaw 25, due to the blocking rod The existence of 31 makes the toggle plate 29 unable to rotate and remain stationary, so that the toggle plate 29 presses down one end of the seesaw 25, so that the end of the seesaw 25 that contacts the push rod 24 rises, so that the push rod 24 brings the clapper 22 up, so that the second spring 23 is compressed to deform and generate a force. When the toggle plate 29 is separated from the seesaw 25, the second spring 23 releases the force and brings the clapper 22 to quickly reset and claps the conveyor belt 5. At this time, along with the movement of the conveyor belt 5, the soil particles remaining on the conveyor belt 5 can be knocked off, so that the conveyor belt 5 can be cleaned, so that when it is used later, the residual soil particles can be prevented from affecting the detection results.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. A grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology, comprising a detector (1), characterized in that: The detection head of the detector (1) is fixedly sleeved with a frame (2), the frame (2) is provided with a decomposition component for decomposing soil blocks into soil particles, the bottom of the frame (2) is symmetrically provided with side panels (3), the inner side of the side panels (3) is fixedly provided with a support plate (32), the inner side of the side panels (3) is symmetrically provided with a rotating roller (4), the inner side of the side panels (3) is symmetrically provided with a rotating roller (4), a conveyor belt (5) is connected between the two rotating rollers (4), and the outer side of the conveyor belt (5) is equidistantly provided with a fixed roller (32). A partition (6), a vertical plate (7) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side plate (3), a first motor (8) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical plate (7), an output shaft of the first motor (8) passes through the vertical plate (7) and the side plate (3) and is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding roller (4), an electric push rod (9) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the vertical plate (7), and the electric push rod (9) is fixedly installed on the top of the frame (2), and the partition (6) can fit with the bottom of the frame (2); The decomposition assembly comprises a decomposition frame (10) arranged in a frame body (2), a rotating rod (11) is rotatably mounted inside the decomposition frame (10), a plurality of groups of crushing rods (12) are arranged on the outside of the rotating rod (11), a second motor (13) is fixedly mounted on one side of the decomposition frame (10), and an output shaft of the second motor (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod (11); When the electric push rod (9) is shortened to the point where it cannot be shortened any further, the outer side of the side plate (3) is flush with the outer side of the frame (2), and the top of the partition plate (6) is flush with the top of the side plate (3); The frame (2) is symmetrically provided with a sliding opening at a position away from the detection head of the detector (1), a slide plate (14) is provided in the sliding opening, one end of the slide plate (14) is fixedly connected to the decomposition frame (10), the top of the slide plate (14) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the sliding opening via a first spring (33), an extrusion assembly for intermittently extruding the slide plate (14) is provided on the outside of the vertical plate (7), a cleaning assembly for cleaning the conveyor belt (5) is provided on the support plate (32), and a groove corresponding to the decomposition frame (10) is provided on the top wall of the frame (2); The extrusion assembly comprises a mounting plate (15) fixedly mounted on the outside of the slide plate (14), a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate (15), a top plate (16) is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft extends to the outer sleeve of the mounting plate (15) and a first torsion spring (17) is provided, two ends of the first torsion spring (17) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting plate (15), a cross bar (18) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate (15) close to the vertical plate (7), a cross plate (19) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the vertical plate (7), a convex block (20) is fixedly mounted at an equal distance on the top of the cross plate (19), and a curved surface (21) is provided on the side of the convex block (20) away from the top plate (16); The cleaning assembly comprises a movable groove provided at the bottom of the support plate (32), a clapper (22) being slidably provided in the movable groove, the top of the clapper (22) being fixedly connected to the top wall of the movable groove via a plurality of second springs (23), the clapper (22) being in contact with the inner side of the conveyor belt (5), the outer side of the side plate (3) being provided with a movable opening connected to the movable groove, one end of the clapper (22) being fixedly provided with a push rod (24), one end of the push rod (24) extending to the outside of the side plate (3) through the movable opening, a seesaw (25) being rotatably provided on the outer side of the side plate (3) via a circular axis, one end of the seesaw (25) being located below the push rod (24), and the outer side of the side plate (3) being fixedly provided with a push rod (24). A limit rod (26) is provided, wherein the limit rod (26) is located below one end of the seesaw (25) near the stop rod (24), one end of the rotating roller (4) on one side extends to the outside of the side plate (3) and is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (27), a fixing plate (28) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting plate (27), an axle rod is rotatably installed on the inner side of the fixing plate (28), an external fixed sleeve of the axle rod is provided with a toggle plate (29), one end of the axle rod extends to the outer sleeve of the fixing plate (28) and is provided with a second torsion spring (30), two ends of the second torsion spring (30) are respectively fixedly connected to the axle rod and the fixing plate (28), and a stop rod (31) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the fixing plate (28) and above the toggle plate (29).

2. The grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the decomposition frame (10) is flush with the bottom of the frame body (2).

3. A method for detecting soil nitrogen content using the grassland soil nitrogen content detection device based on spectral technology as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. When in use, the detector (1) is held in the hand so that the bottom of the frame (2) faces upwards, and then the soil blocks taken out from the grassland are placed in the frame (2) so that the soil blocks are located in the decomposition component. Then the electric push rod (9) is started to shorten and the vertical plate (7), the side plate (3), the support plate (32), the roller (4) and the conveyor belt (5) move accordingly, so that the two support plates (32) and the relative rollers (4) finally fit together. At this time, the conveyor belts (5) on both sides fit together, the outer side of the side plate (3) is flush with the outer side of the frame (2), and the top of the side plate (3) fits with the bottom of the frame (2), so that the bottom of the frame (2) is closed; S2, decomposing the soil block into soil particles by decomposing the components, then holding the detector (1) so that the bottom of the frame (2) is downward, and the soil particles fall onto the conveyor belt (5), starting the first motor (8) so that its output shaft rotates forward with the roller (4), thereby causing the conveyor belt (5) to rotate accordingly, and cooperating with the partition (6) to drive the soil particles to the detection head of the detector (1). As the soil particles continue to move, the detection range of the detection head of the detector (1) can cover the range formed between two adjacent partitions (6). When the soil particles between the two adjacent partitions (6) move to the detection head, the output shaft of the first motor (8) stops moving. The first motor (8) is a servo motor, and its output shaft can rotate intermittently. As the output shaft of the first motor (8) stops, the conveyor belt (5) stops, and the detector (1) cooperates with the detection head to detect the soil particles between the two partitions (6) below the detection head, and detects the nitrogen content of the soil. The nitrogen content is displayed on the screen of the detector (1) and recorded; S3, the output shaft of the first motor (8) then continues to rotate for a period of time and then stops. The same principle applies, and the soil particles between the adjacent partitions (6) can be intermittently moved to the bottom of the detection head for detection. As the conveyor belt (5) continues to move, the detected soil particles move to the outside of the frame (2) and fall outside, leaving the conveyor belt (5). After all the soil particles have been detected, the average value of the nitrogen content detected multiple times is calculated, that is, the nitrogen content of the soil block is obtained. During the whole process, the soil block is decomposed into soil particles, and then the soil particles are passed under the detection head in turn for detection, so that the entire soil block can be detected more comprehensively, making the detection result more accurate.

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