Environment detection instrument for air humidity

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of air detection, and particularly relates to an environment detection instrument for air humidity, which comprises an instrument shell, a circuit board, a display screen, a button and a ceramic detection tube, and further comprises two annular electrodes which are both fixedly arranged in the ceramic detection tube, and the inner side walls of the two annular electrodes are both provided with capacitive humidity-sensitive detection elements. The gas temperature is adjusted through the gas temperature control mechanism, the characteristics of the capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element are stabilized, the process effect of the activated carbon fiber filter screen is guaranteed, and the detection accuracy is improved; meanwhile, the filter screen detection mechanism monitors in real time, the cleaning mechanism and the wiping mechanism automatically clean the filter screen and detection elements, the display screen reminds maintenance, and convenience and rapidness are achieved; the dehumidification and heat dissipation design of the detected gas ensures stable work of internal elements, is simple and convenient to operate, adapts to detection of various storage environments, and ensures accurate and efficient humidity detection and intelligent and convenient equipment maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of air detection, and in particular relates to an environment detection instrument for air humidity. Background Art

[0002] At present, accurate detection of air humidity is crucial to many industries and daily life. For example, in warehousing and logistics, precise control of the humidity inside the storage room can effectively prevent the goods from getting damp and deteriorating, and improve the storage effect of the goods. Therefore, air humidity detection instruments are indispensable instruments. For example, announcement number: CN212410565U discloses an environmental detection instrument for air humidity.

[0003] The air humidity detection instruments widely used in storage rooms now mostly use capacitive humidity sensors. Capacitive humidity sensors detect air humidity through the change of capacitance of sensitive materials. Their working principle is based on the change of dielectric constant of sensitive materials after absorbing moisture, which in turn causes the change of capacitance value. However, since the air temperature inside the storage room is variable (in the summer when the outdoor temperature is high, the temperature inside the warehouse may reach above 30℃, and in the winter it may drop below 5℃, and the temperature difference between day and night may also reach about 10℃), large temperature fluctuations will have a significant impact on the sensitive materials of the capacitive humidity sensor. The change in temperature will change the physical properties of the sensitive material, resulting in its dielectric constant being unstable (such as polymer sensitive film, at high temperature, the molecular motion of the film intensifies and the dielectric constant increases; at low temperature, the molecular activity of the film weakens and the dielectric constant decreases), which in turn affects the accuracy of the capacitance value, and ultimately causes deviations in the humidity detection results.

[0004] Therefore, an environmental detection instrument for air humidity is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an environment detection instrument for air humidity in view of the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an environmental detection instrument for air humidity, comprising an instrument housing, a circuit board, a display screen, a button and a ceramic detection tube, wherein the circuit board is fixedly arranged inside the instrument housing, the ceramic detection tube is fixedly arranged on the top of the instrument housing, and further comprising: Two annular electrodes are fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube, and the inner side walls of the two annular electrodes are provided with capacitive humidity-sensitive detection elements; A micro suction fan is fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube, and the micro suction fan is located below the two annular electrodes; A gas temperature control mechanism is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the ceramic detection tube; An activated carbon fiber filter is fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube, and the activated carbon fiber filter is located above the two annular electrodes; A filter detection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube; A first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the blade shaft of the micro suction fan, a second rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the first rotating shaft, an electromagnetic clutch is provided between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, a cleaning mechanism is provided at the upper end of the first rotating shaft, and a wiping mechanism is provided on the shaft wall of the second rotating shaft and at positions corresponding to the two annular electrodes; A threaded sleeve, the thread of which is arranged on the top of the instrument housing, the ceramic detection tube is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve, and a dehumidification mechanism is arranged inside the threaded sleeve; The microprocessor is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the circuit board, and the annular electrode, the capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element, the micro suction fan, the filter detection mechanism, the electromagnetic clutch, the wiping mechanism and the dehumidification mechanism are all electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0007] Preferably, the gas temperature control mechanism includes a ceramic temperature control tube fixedly arranged at the upper end of the ceramic detection tube, a serpentine channel is arranged inside the ceramic temperature control tube, a plurality of evenly distributed semiconductor refrigeration rods are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the ceramic temperature control tube, one end of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods extends to the outside of the ceramic temperature control tube, and the other ends of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods extend to the inside of the ceramic temperature control tube, a protective cover is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the ceramic temperature control tube for blocking the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods, and a temperature sensor is fixedly embedded on the upper end of the ceramic temperature control tube.

[0008] Preferably, the filter detection mechanism includes two fixed cylinders symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube, the two fixed cylinders are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the activated carbon fiber filter, a pressure film is fixed inside the two fixed cylinders, and a trigger mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube.

[0009] Preferably, the trigger mechanism includes a box body fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube, a first electromagnetic telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the top inner wall of the box body, a first conductive ring is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod, a second electromagnetic telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the bottom inner wall of the box body, a second conductive ring is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod, and a resistance rod slidably connected to the first conductive ring and the second conductive ring is fixedly arranged inside the box body.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning rod fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second rotating shaft, and a nylon brush contacting the upper surface of the activated carbon fiber filter is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the rod wall of the cleaning rod.

[0011] Preferably, the wiping mechanism includes two sleeves symmetrically fixed on the first rotating shaft, a moving rod is slidably inserted inside the two sleeves, a wiping rod is fixed on the outwardly extending end of the two moving rods, an ultra-soft fiber cloth brush is fixed on the rod wall of the two wiping rods, a spring is fixed between the inner wall of the two sleeves and one end of the two moving rods, an electromagnetic ring is fixed on the inner wall of the two sleeves, and a permanent magnet ring is fixed on one end of the two moving rods.

[0012] Preferably, the dehumidification mechanism includes a fixed support net fixedly arranged inside the threaded sleeve, a movable support net is threadedly arranged inside the threaded sleeve and below the fixed support net, and an activated carbon particle layer is filled between the fixed support net and the movable support net.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of evenly distributed air outlet holes are provided on both sides of the instrument housing, and a protective cover plate that blocks the plurality of air outlet holes is fixedly provided on both sides of the instrument housing, and heat dissipation holes are provided at the upper and lower ends of the two protective cover plates.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the set gas temperature control mechanism, the semiconductor refrigeration rod can be used to increase or decrease the temperature of the inhaled gas according to the temperature of the external gas, ensuring that the gas entering the ceramic detection tube is stable at 25°C. This not only maintains the optimal adsorption state of the activated carbon fiber filter and ensures its filtering effect, but also stabilizes the physical properties of the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element, improves the detection accuracy, and effectively avoids the interference of temperature fluctuations on the detection results. At the same time, 25°C gas is blown into the interior of the instrument housing, which will not cause the temperature of the instrument housing to rise, but will have a certain cooling effect on the interior of the instrument housing.

[0015] 2. Through the activated carbon fiber filter, filter detection mechanism and cleaning mechanism, the activated carbon fiber filter can filter impurities, acids, alkalis and oil stains in the gas to prevent them from affecting the detection effect of the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element. The filter detection mechanism can monitor the blockage of the activated carbon fiber filter in real time. When blockage occurs, the microprocessor controls the electromagnetic clutch to link the first shaft and the second shaft. At this time, the second shaft drives the cleaning rod and the nylon brush to rotate to clean the upper surface of the activated carbon fiber filter. At the same time, the microprocessor will display a reminder icon on the display screen to facilitate the staff to invert the instrument housing and clean impurities, re-expose the blocked pores, improve the airflow channel, and enhance the filtering efficiency and effect.

[0016] 3. Through the wiping mechanism set up, when the filter is seriously clogged and may affect the capacitive humidity sensing element, the microprocessor controls the wiping mechanism to work, and the electromagnetic ring generates a repulsive magnetic force, which pushes the permanent magnetic ring to drive the moving rod, the wiping rod and the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush to move, so that they contact the inner wall of the capacitive humidity sensing element. Driven by the micro suction fan and the first rotating shaft, the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush wipes the inner wall of the capacitive humidity sensing element to remove impurities, acids, alkalis and oils adsorbed on the surface, so as to avoid these substances interfering with the moisture absorption detection, ensure the accuracy of the detection results, and extend the service life of the instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of an environmental detection instrument for air humidity provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cutaway structure of an air humidity environment detection instrument provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ceramic detection tube and a gas temperature control mechanism of an air humidity environment detection instrument provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a stereogram of a ring electrode and a capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element of an environment detection instrument for air humidity provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper part of the ceramic detection tube of an environmental detection instrument for air humidity provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ring electrode and a capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element wiping mechanism of an air humidity environment detection instrument provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ring electrode and a capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element trigger mechanism of an air humidity environment detection instrument provided by the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention provides a three-dimensional diagram of a ceramic detection tube, a gas temperature control mechanism and a threaded sleeve of an environment detection instrument for air humidity.

[0018] In the figure: 1 instrument housing, 2 circuit board, 3 display screen, 4 button, 5 ceramic detection tube, 6 ring electrode, 7 capacitive humidity sensitive detection element, 8 micro suction fan, 9 gas temperature control mechanism, 91 ceramic temperature control tube, 92 serpentine channel, 93 semiconductor refrigeration rod, 94 protective cover, 95 temperature sensor, 10 activated carbon fiber filter, 11 filter detection mechanism, 111 fixed cylinder, 112 pressure film, 12 first rotating shaft, 13 second rotating shaft, 14 electromagnetic clutch, 15 cleaning mechanism, 151 cleaning rod, 152 nylon brush, 1 6 wiping mechanism, 161 sleeve, 162 moving rod, 163 wiping rod, 164 ultra-soft fiber cloth brush, 165 spring, 166 electromagnetic ring, 167 permanent magnetic ring, 17 threaded sleeve, 18 dehumidification mechanism, 181 fixed support net, 182 movable support net, 183 activated carbon particle layer, 19 microprocessor, 20 trigger mechanism, 201 box body, 202 first electromagnetic telescopic rod, 203 first conductive ring, 204 second electromagnetic telescopic rod, 205 second conductive ring, 206 resistance rod, 21 air outlet, 22 protective cover, 23 heat dissipation hole. Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, an environmental detection instrument for air humidity includes an instrument housing 1, a circuit board 2, a display screen 3, a button 4 and a ceramic detection tube 5, wherein the circuit board 2 is fixedly arranged inside the instrument housing 1, and the ceramic detection tube 5 is fixedly arranged on the top of the instrument housing 1. It also includes: two annular electrodes 6, both of which are fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube 5, and the inner side walls of the two annular electrodes 6 are both provided with capacitive humidity-sensitive detection elements 7, and the capacitive humidity-sensitive detection elements 7 are made of high molecular polymer materials, such as cellulose acetate and polystyrene sulfonic acid; a micro suction fan 8, which is fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube 5, and the micro suction fan 8 is located below the two annular electrodes 6; a gas temperature control mechanism 9, which is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the ceramic detection tube 5, and the gas temperature control mechanism 9 includes a ceramic temperature control tube 91 fixedly arranged at the upper end of the ceramic detection tube 5, and the ceramic temperature control tube 91 and the ceramic detection tube 5 are connected by threads The ceramic temperature control tube 91 is connected so that it can be disassembled and removed. A serpentine channel 92 is arranged inside the ceramic temperature control tube 91. A plurality of evenly distributed semiconductor refrigeration rods 93 are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the ceramic temperature control tube 91. One end of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods 93 extends to the outside of the ceramic temperature control tube 91, and the other ends of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods 93 extend to the inside of the ceramic temperature control tube 91. A protective cover 94 for blocking the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods 93 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic temperature control tube 91. A temperature sensor 95 is fixedly embedded on the upper end of the ceramic temperature control tube 91. Before the gas is inhaled, the temperature sensor 95 will first adjust the temperature of the external gas. When the gas passes through the serpentine channel 92, it can fully contact the inner end of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93, so that the gas passing through the inside of the ceramic temperature control tube 91 can be completely treated at a constant temperature, and finally it can be ensured that the gas inhaled into the ceramic detection tube 5 is in a stable state.

[0021] The activated carbon fiber filter 10 is fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube 5. The two sides of the activated carbon fiber filter 10 are fixed to the two sides of the ceramic detection tube 5 by bolts. When the activated carbon fiber filter 10 needs to be replaced, the ceramic temperature control tube 91 is first disassembled, and then the activated carbon fiber filter 10 is taken out and replaced. The activated carbon fiber filter 10 is located above the two annular electrodes 6. The activated carbon fiber filter 10 filters the gas to prevent the impurities, acids, alkalis and oil stains in the gas from affecting the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element 7.

[0022] The filter net detection mechanism 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube 5. The filter net detection mechanism 11 includes two fixed cylinders 111 symmetrically fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube 5. The two fixed cylinders 111 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the activated carbon fiber filter 10. The insides of the two fixed cylinders 111 are fixedly provided with pressure films 112. The inner wall of the ceramic detection tube 5 is fixedly provided with a trigger mechanism 20. The trigger mechanism 20 includes a box body 201 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube 5. The top inner wall of the box body 201 is fixedly provided with a first electromagnetic telescopic rod 202. The lower end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 202 is fixedly provided with a first conductive ring 203. The bottom inner wall of the box body 201 is fixedly provided with a second electromagnetic telescopic rod 204. The upper end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 204 is fixedly provided with a second conductive ring 205. The inside of the box body 201 is fixedly provided with a resistor rod 206 slidably connected with the first conductive ring 203 and the second conductive ring 205. The gas above the activated carbon fiber filter 10 passes through the upper pressure film 112. When the pressure film 112 is pressed, a large external squeezing force is applied to the pressure film 112, causing the pressure film 112 to be greatly deformed and its own resistance value to be greatly increased. At this time, the extension amount of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 204 connected to the same circuit as the upper pressure film 112 is greatly reduced, causing the second conductive ring 205 to move downward on the basis of the initial position, and the moving distance is large. When the gas below the activated carbon fiber filter 10 passes through the lower pressure film 112, the external squeezing force on the pressure film 112 is reduced, causing the deformation degree of the pressure film 112 to be reduced, and its own resistance value to be slightly increased. At this time, the extension amount of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 202 connected to the same circuit as the lower pressure film 112 is slightly reduced, causing the first conductive ring 203 to move downward on the basis of the initial position, and the moving distance is small, thereby reducing the distance between the first conductive ring 203 and the second conductive ring 205, resulting in a reduction in the resistance value of the resistor rod 206 connected to the same circuit as the microprocessor 19, which is then fed back to the microprocessor 19.

[0023] The first rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the blade shaft of the miniature suction fan 8, the upper end of the first rotating shaft 12 is provided with a second rotating shaft 13, an electromagnetic clutch 14 is provided between the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 13, the upper end of the first rotating shaft 12 is provided with a cleaning mechanism 15, the cleaning mechanism 15 includes a cleaning rod 151 fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second rotating shaft 13, a nylon brush 152 fixedly arranged on the lower side of the rod wall of the cleaning rod 151 and contacting the upper surface of the activated carbon fiber filter 10, the microprocessor 19 controls the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic clutch 14 to energize, so that the electromagnetic The armature of the clutch 14 is attracted, thereby connecting the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 13 as a whole, so that the micro suction fan 8 can synchronously drive the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 13 to rotate, so that the cleaning rod 151 and the nylon brush 152 at the upper end of the second rotating shaft 13 can rotate and clean the upper surface of the activated carbon fiber filter 10, and can scrape off the accumulated larger particulate impurities, some acid and alkali condensates, etc., so that some of the blocked pores are exposed again, allowing the gas to pass more smoothly, thereby restoring some of the filtering capacity to a certain extent.

[0024] A wiping mechanism 16 is provided on the shaft wall of the second rotating shaft 13 at a position corresponding to the position of the two annular electrodes 6. The wiping mechanism 16 includes two sleeves 161 symmetrically fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft 12. Moving rods 162 are slidably inserted in the interiors of the two sleeves 161. Wiping rods 163 are fixedly arranged at the outwardly extending ends of the two moving rods 162. Ultra-soft fiber cloth brushes 164 are fixedly arranged on the rod walls of the two wiping rods 163. Springs 165 are fixedly arranged between the inner walls of the two sleeves 161 and one end of the two moving rods 162. Electromagnetic rings 166 are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the two sleeves 161. Permanent magnet rings 167 are fixedly arranged at one end of the two moving rods 162. The electric current of the electromagnetic rings 166 is turned on. The power source is turned on, so that the electromagnetic ring 166 generates a repulsive magnetic force on the permanent magnetic ring 167, so that the permanent magnetic ring 167 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 165 and drives the moving rod 162 to move out from the inside of the sleeve 161. At the same time, the moving rod 162 drives the wiping rod 163 and the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164 to move, so that the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164 contacts the inner wall of the capacitive humidity sensing element 7. When the power supply is disconnected, the permanent magnetic ring 167 moves toward the electromagnetic ring 166 under the action of the spring 165, so that the moving rod 162, the wiping rod 163 and the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164 are reset until the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164 is separated from the inner wall of the capacitive humidity sensing element 7, thereby reducing the degree of wear on the capacitive humidity sensing element 7.

[0025] A threaded sleeve 17 is threadedly arranged on the top of the instrument housing 1. The ceramic detection tube 5 is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 17. A dehumidification mechanism 18 is arranged inside the threaded sleeve 17. The dehumidification mechanism 18 includes a fixed support net 181 fixedly arranged inside the threaded sleeve 17. A movable support net 182 is threadedly arranged inside the threaded sleeve 17 and below the fixed support net 181. A threaded ring is arranged on the circumferential wall of the movable support net 182, and the threaded ring is connected to the internal thread of the threaded sleeve 17 so that the movable support net 182 is detachable. An activated carbon particle layer 183 is filled between the fixed support net 181 and the movable support net 182. The activated carbon particle layer 183 can dehumidify the detected gas to avoid the phenomenon that the water separation in the gas causes a short circuit in the internal components of the instrument housing 1. When the use time of the activated carbon particle layer 183 reaches a certain time, the threaded sleeve 17 is screwed off from the top of the instrument housing 1, and then the movable support net 182 is disassembled and cleaned from the inside of the threaded sleeve 17, so that the activated carbon particle layer 183 can be replaced.

[0026] A plurality of evenly distributed air outlet holes 21 are provided on both sides of the instrument housing 1, and protective cover plates 22 that block the plurality of air outlet holes 21 are fixedly provided on both sides of the instrument housing 1. Heat dissipation holes 23 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the two protective cover plates 22. The protective cover plates 22 can prevent the staff from blocking the heat dissipation holes 23 when holding the instrument in hand, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect. At the same time, dustproof nets are provided on both sides of the instrument housing 1 and inside the protective cover plates 22 to prevent external dust from entering the interior of the instrument housing 1.

[0027] The microprocessor 19 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the circuit board 2, and the annular electrode 6, the capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element 7, the micro suction fan 8, the filter detection mechanism 11, the electromagnetic clutch 14, the wiping mechanism 16 and the dehumidification mechanism 18 are all electrically connected to the microprocessor 19.

[0028] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: the staff first fixes the meter housing 1 near the cargo placement area of ​​the storage room [good air circulation and good air representativeness], or the staff walks inside the storage room holding the meter housing 1; Then the staff manually operates the button 4, so that the microprocessor 19 controls the micro suction fan 8 to work. The micro suction fan 8 discharges the gas inside the ceramic detection tube 5 into the interior of the instrument housing 1, and at the same time, the external gas is sucked into the interior of the ceramic detection tube 5. Before the gas is sucked in, the temperature sensor 95 will detect the temperature of the external gas [the temperature sensor 95 is a thermal resistor type, which uses the characteristic that the resistance of a conductor or semiconductor changes with temperature. The resistance change is converted into an electrical signal through a measuring circuit and then converted into a temperature value]. If the temperature of the gas is high, the temperature sensor 95 will feed back an electrical signal to the microprocessor 19, so that the microprocessor 19 controls the current to pass through the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 in the forward direction. At this time, the semiconductor The inner end of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 absorbs heat, and the outer end releases heat, thereby cooling the inhaled gas. If the temperature of the gas is low, the microprocessor 19 controls the current to pass through the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 in the reverse direction, so that the temperature of the inner end of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 increases, releasing and generating heat, and the temperature of the outer end of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 decreases, absorbing heat and generating cold, thereby heating the gas inhaled into the ceramic detection tube 5 [assuming that the original temperature of the gas is 40°C, by controlling the inner end temperature of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 to 10°C, the temperature of the gas inhaled into the ceramic detection tube 5 is maintained at 25°C; assuming that the original temperature of the gas is 5°C, by controlling The inner end temperature of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93 is 35°C, so that the temperature of the gas sucked into the ceramic detection tube 5 is maintained at 25°C]. When the gas passes through the serpentine channel 92, it can fully contact the inner end of the semiconductor refrigeration rod 93, so that the gas passing through the interior of the ceramic temperature control tube 91 can be completely treated at a constant temperature, and finally the gas sucked into the ceramic detection tube 5 can be kept in a stable state [25°C], reducing temperature fluctuations, and not only ensuring the best filtering effect of the subsequent activated carbon fiber filter 10 [When the temperature is too high, the adsorption equilibrium of the activated carbon fiber filter 10 will move in the desorption direction, making it easier for the adsorbed impurities to detach from the surface of the activated carbon fiber, reducing the adsorption effect; and when the temperature is too low , the molecular movement rate is too slow, which is not conducive to the combination of molecules and active sites, and will also reduce the adsorption efficiency], and can ensure the subsequent physical properties of the capacitive humidity sensing detection element 7 [25°C belongs to the normal temperature environment, at this time the thermal motion of the capacitive humidity sensing detection element 7 is in a relatively moderate state, which can not only maintain a certain flexibility and dynamic adjustment ability, but also maintain a relatively stable interaction between molecules, providing a basis for the stability of physical properties including dielectric constant], improve the detection accuracy of the capacitive humidity sensing detection element 7, at the same time, the 25°C gas is blown into the interior of the instrument housing 1, which will not cause the temperature of the instrument housing 1 to rise, but will play a certain cooling effect on the interior of the instrument housing 1; After the temperature-controlled gas enters the ceramic detection tube 5, it is filtered through the activated carbon fiber filter 10 [the activated carbon fiber has abundant pores and a large number of adsorption sites that allow impurities, acids, alkalis, and oils to fully contact and adhere to them], thus preventing the impurities, acids, alkalis, and oils in the gas from affecting the capacitive humidity sensing element 7; The filtered gas will pass through the surface of the capacitive humidity sensing detection element 7. The humidity sensing medium material is hydrophilic and will absorb water molecules in the air. The change of its internal structure and physical state will cause the dielectric constant to change, which will in turn cause the capacitance value to change. The higher the humidity, the more water is absorbed, and the greater the change of the dielectric constant, which will change the parameters of the access circuit and output an analog signal. The analog signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the microprocessor 19 through a specific transmission method and communication protocol. After pre-processing the digital signal, the microprocessor 19 converts it into a humidity value according to a calibration curve or algorithm and displays it on the display screen 3, informing the staff of the humidity inside the storage room, so that the internal humidity of the storage room can be adjusted immediately to improve the storage effect of the goods. The gas after humidity detection is then blown to the inside of the threaded sleeve 17 by the micro suction fan 8, and dehumidified by the activated carbon particle layer 183 arranged inside the threaded sleeve 17 [activated carbon can provide a large number of adsorption sites due to its huge specific surface area, and the van der Waals force on the surface can be physically adsorbed. At the same time, the functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl contained in it can be chemically adsorbed, and its pores can cause capillary condensation of water molecules, thereby realizing the absorption and storage of water]. After dehumidification, the gas will be discharged into the inside of the instrument housing 1, and the heat inside the instrument housing 1 can be blown to both sides and discharged outward through the air outlet 21 and the heat dissipation hole 23, so as to avoid the concentration of more heat inside the instrument housing 1 and improve the working performance of the internal components of the instrument housing 1; When the activated carbon fiber filter 10 is filtering gas, if there are a lot of impurities and some acid and alkali condensates in the gas, they will cause accumulation and blockage on the surface of the activated carbon fiber filter 10, and the airflow will be blocked. At this time, the airflow below the activated carbon fiber filter 10 will be significantly smaller than the airflow above. When the gas above the activated carbon fiber filter 10 passes through the upper pressure film 112, it will cause a large extrusion external force on the pressure film 112, causing the pressure film 112 to deform greatly and its own resistance value to increase significantly. For example, when a single crystal silicon pressure film is subjected to external force, the spacing and bond angles between silicon atoms will change slightly, destroying the original lattice symmetry. This change in lattice structure affects the transport of carriers. The dynamic state reduces the mobility of the carriers, causing the resistivity of the material to increase, and finally the resistance value of the material increases. At this time, the extension amount of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod 204 connected to the same circuit as the upper pressure film 112 is greatly reduced, so that the second conductive ring 205 moves downward on the basis of the initial position, and the moving distance is large. When the gas below the activated carbon fiber filter 10 passes through the lower pressure film 112, the external force of squeezing the pressure film 112 is reduced, so that the deformation degree of the pressure film 112 is reduced, and the resistance value of the material increases slightly. At this time, the extension amount of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod 202 connected to the same circuit as the lower pressure film 112 is slightly reduced, so that the first conductive ring 203 is moved downward on the basis of the initial position. The first conductive ring 203 and the second conductive ring 205 move downwards, and the moving distance is small, so that the spacing between the first conductive ring 203 and the second conductive ring 205 is reduced, resulting in a reduction in the resistance of the resistor rod 206 and the microprocessor 19 connected in the same circuit [the resistor rod 206 is connected to a measuring circuit, and the reduction in the resistance of the resistor rod 206 will reduce the voltage at both ends, output a changing voltage signal, and then transmit it to the microprocessor 19 after being amplified several times]. When the resistance of the resistor rod 206 is reduced to a threshold value preset in the microprocessor 19, the microprocessor 19 controls the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic clutch 14 to be energized, so that the armature of the electromagnetic clutch 14 is attracted, thereby connecting the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 13 as a whole, so that the micro suction fan 8 can synchronously drive the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 13 rotate, so that the cleaning rod 151 and the nylon brush 152 at the upper end of the second rotating shaft 13 can rotate and clean the upper surface of the activated carbon fiber filter 10, and can scrape off the accumulated larger particles of impurities, part of the acid and alkali condensate, etc., so that the blocked part of the pores are exposed again, so that the gas can pass more smoothly, thereby restoring part of the filtering capacity to a certain extent, improving the air flow channel, allowing the gas to pass through the filter more evenly, and improving the filtering efficiency and effect. At the same time, the microprocessor 19 will display a reminder icon on the display screen 3 to remind the staff to place the instrument housing 1 upside down, and discharge the impurities and part of the acid and alkali condensate cleaned from the surface of the activated carbon fiber filter 10 through the ceramic temperature control tube 91; When the activated carbon fiber filter 10 has serious gas passage obstruction, it means that the composition of the gas is relatively complex and the filtering effect of the activated carbon fiber filter 10 is reduced. At the same time, if it is not possible to replace it, the possibility of the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element 7 being contaminated increases. At this time, the microprocessor 19 will immediately connect the power supply of the electromagnetic ring 166, so that the electromagnetic ring 166 itself generates a repulsive magnetic force on the permanent magnetic ring 167 [according to Ampere's law, after the electromagnetic ring 166 is energized, the current will generate a magnetic field around it. The magnetic fields interact with each other. The permanent magnetic ring 167 itself has a fixed magnetic field. When the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic ring 166 is opposite to the magnetic field of the permanent magnetic ring 167 in the contact area, a repulsive force will be exhibited], so that the permanent magnetic ring 167 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 165 and drives the moving rod 162 to move out of the inside of the sleeve 161. At the same time, the moving rod 162 drives the wiping rod 163 and the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164 to move, so that the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164 contacts the inner wall of the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element 7. , so that the ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164, driven by the micro-blowing fan and the first rotating shaft 12, wipes and cleans the inner wall of the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element 7 [the ultra-soft fiber has a small diameter and a smooth surface, and will not cause obvious scratches or damage to the sensitive material. Moreover, the ultra-soft fiber itself is not easy to retain impurities. Even if there are a small amount of impurities, acids, alkalis and oil stains remaining on the surface, its structural characteristics make it difficult for impurities to adhere tightly. When the cloth brush rotates and vibrates, impurities, acids, alkalis and oil stains are easy to fall off. After falling off, they are adsorbed by the activated carbon particle layer 183 below. However, in order to improve the wiping effect, the ceramic temperature control tube 91 and the activated carbon fiber filter 10 can be disassembled to regularly clean the internal ultra-soft fiber cloth brush 164]. Wiping can remove impurities, acids, alkalis and oil stains adsorbed on the surface of the capacitive humidity sensitive detection element 7 to avoid interference with moisture absorption detection [the presence of impurities, acids, alkalis and oil stains may hinder the normal contact between sensitive materials and moisture, or they themselves may also absorb moisture, affecting the accuracy of the detection results].

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental detection instrument for air humidity, comprising an instrument housing (1), a circuit board (2), a display screen (3), a button (4) and a ceramic detection tube (5), wherein the circuit board (2) is fixedly arranged inside the instrument housing (1), and the ceramic detection tube (5) is fixedly arranged on the top of the instrument housing (1), characterized in that: Also includes: Two annular electrodes (6) are fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube (5), and the inner side walls of the two annular electrodes (6) are provided with capacitive humidity-sensitive detection elements (7); a micro suction fan (8) is fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube (5), and the micro suction fan (8) is located below the two annular electrodes (6); a gas temperature control mechanism (9) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the ceramic detection tube (5); an activated carbon fiber filter (10) is fixedly arranged inside the ceramic detection tube (5), and the ceramic detection tube (5) is located above the two annular electrodes (6); a filter detection mechanism (11) is arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube (5); a first rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the fan blade shaft of the micro suction fan (8), and a second rotating shaft (13) is provided at the upper end of the first rotating shaft (12). An electromagnetic clutch (14) is arranged between the first rotating shaft (12) and the second rotating shaft (13); a cleaning mechanism (15) is arranged at the upper end of the first rotating shaft (12); and a wiping mechanism (16) is arranged on the shaft wall of the second rotating shaft (13) and at a position corresponding to the position of the two annular electrodes (6); a threaded sleeve (17) is threadedly arranged on the top of the instrument housing (1); the ceramic detection tube (5) is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve (17); and a dehumidification mechanism (18) is arranged inside the threaded sleeve (17); and a microprocessor (19) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the circuit board (2); and the annular electrodes (6), the capacitive humidity-sensitive detection element (7), the micro suction fan (8), the filter screen detection mechanism (11), the electromagnetic clutch (14), the wiping mechanism (16) and the dehumidification mechanism (18) are all electrically connected to the microprocessor (19).

2. An environmental detection instrument for air humidity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas temperature control mechanism (9) comprises a ceramic temperature control tube (91) fixedly arranged at the upper end of the ceramic detection tube (5), a serpentine channel (92) being arranged inside the ceramic temperature control tube (91), a plurality of uniformly distributed semiconductor refrigeration rods (93) being fixedly arranged on the side wall of the ceramic temperature control tube (91), one end of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods (93) extending to the outside of the ceramic temperature control tube (91), and the other end of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods (93) extending to the inside of the ceramic temperature control tube (91), a protective cover (94) for blocking the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration rods (93) being fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the ceramic temperature control tube (91), and a temperature sensor (95) being fixedly embedded at the upper end of the ceramic temperature control tube (91).

3. An environmental detection instrument for air humidity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen detection mechanism (11) comprises two fixed cylinders (111) symmetrically fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ceramic detection tube (5), the two fixed cylinders (111) being respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the activated carbon fiber filter screen (10), a pressure film (112) being fixedly arranged inside the two fixed cylinders (111), and a trigger mechanism (20) being fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the ceramic detection tube (5).

4. An environmental detection instrument for air humidity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The trigger mechanism (20) comprises a box body (201) fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the ceramic detection tube (5); a first electromagnetic telescopic rod (202) is fixedly arranged on the top inner wall of the box body (201); a first conductive ring (203) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first electromagnetic telescopic rod (202); a second electromagnetic telescopic rod (204) is fixedly arranged on the bottom inner wall of the box body (201); a second conductive ring (205) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second electromagnetic telescopic rod (204); and a resistance rod (206) slidably connected to the first conductive ring (203) and the second conductive ring (205) is fixedly arranged inside the box body (201).

5. The air humidity environment detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (15) comprises a cleaning rod (151) fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second rotating shaft (13), and a nylon brush (152) is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the rod wall of the cleaning rod (151) and is arranged in contact with the upper surface of the activated carbon fiber filter (10).

6. The air humidity environment detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wiping mechanism (16) comprises two sleeves (161) symmetrically fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft (12); a moving rod (162) is slidably inserted inside the two sleeves (161); a wiping rod (163) is fixedly arranged at one end of the two moving rods (162) extending outward; an ultra-soft fiber cloth brush (164) is fixedly arranged on the rod wall of the two wiping rods (163); a spring (165) is fixedly arranged between the inner wall of the two sleeves (161) and one end of the two moving rods (162); an electromagnetic ring (166) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the two sleeves (161); and a permanent magnet ring (167) is fixedly arranged at one end of the two moving rods (162).

7. The air humidity environment detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dehumidification mechanism (18) comprises a fixed support net (181) fixedly arranged inside the threaded sleeve (17), a threaded movable support net (182) is provided inside the threaded sleeve (17) and below the fixed support net (181), and an activated carbon particle layer (183) is filled between the fixed support net (181) and the movable support net (182).

8. The air humidity environment detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the instrument housing (1) are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed air outlet holes (21), both sides of the instrument housing (1) are fixedly provided with protective cover plates (22) for blocking the plurality of air outlet holes (21), and upper and lower ends of the two protective cover plates (22) are provided with heat dissipation holes (23).

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