Treatment system and treatment method for radioactive waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a radioactive waste treatment system and method, and the system comprises the following modules: a reforming reaction module which is used for enabling radioactive waste to be subjected to a reforming reaction and forming first solid waste and synthesis gas; an oxidation treatment module; the oxidation treatment module comprises an oxidation furnace, a venturi scrubber and a denitration scrubber which are connected in sequence; the oxidation furnace comprises an upper oxidation chamber and a lower alkali washing quenching chamber which are communicated with each other; the oxidizing chamber is used for oxidizing the synthesis gas to form flue gas and enabling the flue gas to enter the alkali washing quenching chamber for cooling and washing; and the venturi scrubber and the denitration scrubber are respectively used for carrying out desulfurization treatment and denitration treatment on the flue gas to form tail gas. According to the treatment method based on the radioactive waste treatment system, the volume reduction ratio can be remarkably increased, and tail gas emission can meet the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a system and method for treating radioactive waste. Background Art

[0002] At present, the low- and medium-level radioactive waste resins and organic waste liquids (such as waste engine oil and non-lubricating oil) generated by domestic nuclear power plants are mainly treated by physical means, such as overpressure and cement solidification, which are all capacity-increasing processes. It is necessary to further carry out research on advanced treatment processes for radioactive solid waste to reduce the annual generation of final waste from nuclear power plants, ease the pressure on waste disposal, and promote the sustainable development of domestic nuclear power construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art that the volume reduction effect of medium and low-level radioactive waste is poor and the tail gas emission cannot meet the standard, and provides a radioactive waste treatment system and treatment method. The treatment method based on the radioactive waste treatment system can significantly improve the volume reduction ratio and can make the tail gas emission meet the standard.

[0004] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention discloses a radioactive waste treatment system, which comprises the following modules:

[0006] A reforming reaction module, used for causing the radioactive waste to undergo a reforming reaction and form a first solid waste and a synthesis gas;

[0007] An oxidation treatment module; the oxidation treatment module comprises an oxidation furnace, a venturi scrubber and a denitration scrubber connected in sequence, the oxidation furnace comprises an upper oxidation chamber and a lower alkali washing quenching chamber which are interconnected; the oxidation chamber is used to oxidize the synthesis gas to form flue gas, and allow the flue gas to enter the alkali washing quenching chamber for cooling and washing; a synthesis gas inlet and a burner are provided at the top of the oxidation chamber, and the reforming reaction module, the burner and the synthesis gas inlet are connected in sequence for inputting the synthesis gas into the oxidation chamber; a negative pressure regulating valve is also provided at the top of the oxidation chamber for self-absorption of air into the oxidation chamber; the alkali washing quenching chamber comprises an alkali washing liquid inlet provided at the upper end of the alkali washing quenching chamber, an alkali washing liquid outlet provided at the lower end of the alkali washing quenching chamber and a quenching chamber gas outlet, the alkali washing liquid inlet and the alkali washing liquid outlet are connected by a pipeline provided outside the oxidation furnace to form an external circulation loop of the alkali washing liquid, and the quenching chamber gas outlet is connected to the venturi scrubber;

[0008] The venturi scrubber comprises a scrubber air inlet, a scrubber liquid outlet and a scrubber air outlet; the scrubber air inlet is connected to the quench chamber air outlet, the scrubber liquid outlet is connected to the scrubbing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quench chamber, the scrubber air outlet is connected to the denitration scrubber, and the venturi scrubber is used to neutralize and absorb the remaining acidic medium in the flue gas passing through the quench chamber;

[0009] The venturi scrubber and the denitrification scrubber are used to perform desulfurization and denitrification treatments on the flue gas respectively to form tail gas.

[0010] In the present invention, a negative pressure regulating valve is arranged on the top of the oxidation chamber, which can realize the self-priming air intake of the oxidation furnace. Compared with the traditional blower air intake method, the amount of air entering the oxidation chamber can be better controlled, so that the combustible gas in the synthesizer can be fully oxidized; the venturi scrubber of the present invention can further simplify the equipment design of the oxidation furnace.

[0011] In the present invention, the radioactive waste treatment system preferably further includes a feed module, and the feed module is arranged upstream of the reforming reaction module.

[0012] Wherein, the feed module preferably includes one or more of a waste resin feed module, a waste oil feed module and a raw material additive feed module.

[0013] Wherein, the waste resin feeding module preferably includes a waste resin feeding tank and a waste resin feeding pump.

[0014] The waste resin feed tank preferably includes a gas distributor, which is used to pneumatically stir the waste resin. Compared with traditional mechanical stirring, this stirring method makes it easier to mix the waste resin slurry evenly, which is beneficial to the concentration of the waste resin slurry and the stability of the feed. If the waste resin slurry cannot be evenly and stably transported to the steam reforming furnace, it will cause the entire system to shut down; at the same time, the pneumatic stirring is easier to control and can reduce the amount of equipment used.

[0015] Wherein, the waste resin feed pump is preferably a screw pump, a hose pump or a cam pump. The use of a screw pump, a hose pump or a cam pump can more smoothly and better control the transportation of the waste resin.

[0016] The outlet of the waste resin feed pump is preferably provided with a mass flow meter, which can monitor the density and flow rate of the fed waste resin in real time, and is beneficial to the stability of the waste resin feed.

[0017] In certain specific embodiments of the present invention, the pipeline in the spent resin feed module has automatic and manual backwashing functions.

[0018] Wherein, the raw material additive feeding module preferably comprises a raw material additive feeding tank, and the legs of the raw material additive feeding tank are preferably provided with a weighing device for controlling the mass ratio of each raw material additive entering the raw material additive feeding tank.

[0019] Preferably, the waste resin feeding module comprises a first waste resin feeding submodule and a second waste resin feeding submodule, and the raw material additive feeding module comprises a first raw material additive feeding submodule and a second raw material additive feeding submodule.

[0020] Wherein, the waste oil feed module preferably comprises a waste oil feed tank, and the waste oil feed tank is preferably provided with a steam heating coil for maintaining the temperature of the waste oil.

[0021] In the present invention, the radioactive waste preferably includes waste resin and / or waste oil.

[0022] The waste oil preferably includes one or more of waste engine oil, waste lubricating oil and waste organic solvent.

[0023] In the present invention, the radioactive dose rate of the radioactive waste is preferably less than 10 mSv / h, more preferably less than 1.5 mSv / h.

[0024] In the present invention, preferably, the reforming reaction module comprises a steam reforming furnace, a first high temperature filter, and a second high temperature filter connected in series in sequence; the steam reforming furnace comprises a syngas outlet and a first solid waste outlet respectively arranged at the top of the steam reforming furnace and at the bottom, the syngas outlet is used to transport the syngas generated in the steam reforming furnace to the first high temperature filter, and the first solid waste outlet is used to discharge the first solid waste; the lower ends of the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter are respectively provided with a second solid waste outlet and a third solid waste outlet, the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter are used to discharge the solid particles in the syngas and form the second solid waste and the third solid waste respectively. The use of two high temperature filters in series can ensure the reliability of the filter on the one hand, that is, when one of the high temperature filters needs to be repaired or the filter element is replaced, it can ensure that the system can still operate normally; on the other hand, the filtering effect of the first high temperature filter can be checked by detecting whether the second high temperature filter discharges the third solid waste.

[0025] Preferably, the steam reforming furnace is provided with a waste resin and waste oil feed port, and the waste resin and waste oil feed port are used to introduce waste resin, waste oil and raw material additives; or, the steam reforming furnace is respectively provided with a waste resin feed port and a waste oil feed port, the waste resin feed port is used to introduce a mixed slurry formed by waste resin and raw material additives, and the waste oil feed port is used to introduce waste oil.

[0026] Preferably, the waste resin and waste oil feed ports, the waste resin feed port and the waste oil feed port are both provided with spray guns and atomizing nozzles.

[0027] The spray gun and the atomizing nozzle disposed at the waste resin and waste oil feed ports are preferably provided with a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel, respectively used to introduce the mixed slurry formed by the waste resin and raw material additives, the waste oil, and the atomizing gas nitrogen. Providing three channels can simplify the design of the feed module pipeline, saving the system's floor space and installation cost.

[0028] Preferably, the bottom of the steam reforming furnace is provided with an automatic discharge port and a discharge device. The device can facilitate discharge during operation or shutdown, and meet the requirements of remote automatic discharge of the first solid waste generated by the steam reforming furnace; more preferably, the bottom of the steam reforming furnace is also provided with a mechanical discharge device and a gas ejection ash conveying device for transporting the first solid waste to the solid waste storage bin.

[0029] Wherein, the precision of the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter are preferably 0.03 microns, and are used to discharge solid particles with a particle size greater than 0.03 microns in the synthesis gas.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom of the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter are both provided with an automatic discharge port and a discharge device. The device can facilitate discharge during operation or shutdown, and meet the requirements of remote automatic discharge of the second solid waste and the third solid waste generated by the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter respectively; more preferably, the bottom of the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter are also provided with a mechanical discharge device and a gas automatic induced ash conveying device for transporting the second solid waste and the third solid waste to the solid waste storage bin.

[0031] Wherein, the gas outlet of the second high-temperature filter is preferably provided with a gas chromatograph for detecting the composition of the filtered synthesis gas.

[0032] Wherein, the radioactive waste treatment system preferably further includes an air intake module, which is connected to the lower end of the steam reforming furnace and is used to transport a gasifying agent to the steam reforming furnace.

[0033] In the present invention, the composition of the synthesis gas includes, for example, H 2 ,CO,CO 2 , CH 4 and H 2 One or more of S.

[0034] In the present invention, preferably, the quench chamber outlet is also connected to the flue gas inlet of the oxidation chamber to form a flue gas circulation loop. 14 C (carbon-14) is a radioactive nuclide, and setting up a flue gas circulation loop can make long carbon chains 14 C is further oxidized to reduce the emission of radionuclides.

[0035] In the present invention, the circulation loop of the alkaline washing solution is preferably provided with an online pH meter and an alkaline washing solution concentration meter, which are used to monitor the pH value and salt content of the alkaline washing solution in real time, respectively. Compared with the traditional method of setting the online pH meter in the alkaline washing quenching chamber, the present invention sets the online pH meter on the circulation loop, which can not only simplify the equipment design of the oxidation furnace, but also make the pH value determination more reasonable and accurate.

[0036] In the present invention, an alkaline washing liquid cooler is preferably provided on the alkaline washing liquid circulation loop.

[0037] In the present invention, the alkali washing quenching chamber is preferably provided with an alkali solution inlet.

[0038] In the present invention, the Venturi scrubber is preferably connected to the denitrification scrubber via a flue gas heater.

[0039] In the present invention, preferably, the equipment and pipelines included in the reforming reaction module and the oxidation treatment module are provided with heat preservation equipment to avoid condensation.

[0040] In certain specific embodiments of the present invention, the oxidation treatment module further comprises an emergency water tank, which is connected to the alkali washing quenching chamber and is used for automatic and safe cooling of the alkali washing quenching chamber.

[0041] In the present invention, the radioactive waste treatment system preferably further comprises a spray drying module, and the spray drying module is connected to the alkaline washing solution outlet.

[0042] Wherein, the spray drying module preferably comprises an alkaline washing liquid buffer tank, a spray dryer and a bag filter which are connected in sequence; wherein, the bag filter is preferably connected to the high efficiency filter.

[0043] Wherein, the bottom of the bag filter is preferably provided with an automatic mechanical discharging device, and the automatic mechanical discharging device is used to transport the salt particles to the salt particle storage tank; wherein, the effective storage capacity of the salt particle storage tank is preferably 160L, and the number of the salt particle storage tanks can be determined according to actual conditions, for example, 2.

[0044] Wherein, a heater is preferably provided between the bag filter and the high efficiency filter.

[0045] Among them, the salt particle storage tank is preferably connected to the salt particle barreling and packaging equipment, the salt particle vacuum equipment and the salt particle packaging steel barrel in sequence. The effective storage capacity of the salt particle packaging steel barrel is preferably 160L. The number of the salt particle storage tanks can be determined according to actual conditions.

[0046] In the present invention, the radioactive waste treatment system preferably also includes a tail gas treatment module, and the tail gas treatment module includes a tail gas cooler, a demister and a high efficiency filter connected in sequence, and the tail gas cooler is connected to the denitrification scrubber.

[0047] Wherein, the denitration scrubber is preferably provided with an ammonia water inlet for introducing ammonia water.

[0048] Preferably, an exhaust blower is also provided between the demister and the high efficiency filter.

[0049] Wherein, the high efficiency filter is preferably connected to the chimney through a chimney blower for discharging exhaust gas.

[0050] Preferably, an exhaust gas monitoring device (CEMS) and a radiation monitoring device (RMD) are provided between the chimney blower and the chimney for real-time monitoring of exhaust gas emissions.

[0051] Wherein, the exhaust gas cooler is preferably provided with an exhaust gas cooler liquid outlet, and the exhaust gas cooler liquid outlet is connected to the washing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quenching chamber.

[0052] Wherein, the demister is preferably provided with a demister liquid outlet, and the demister liquid outlet is connected to the washing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quenching chamber.

[0053] In certain specific embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust gas treatment module further comprises an exhaust gas circulation pipeline, the inlet end of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline is connected to the outlet of the chimney blower, and the outlet end of the exhaust gas circulation pipeline is connected to the inlet of the oxidation furnace.

[0054] In the present invention, the radioactive waste treatment system preferably also includes a packaging module, which is respectively connected to the first solid waste outlet, the second solid waste outlet and the third solid waste outlet, and is used to package and transport the first solid waste, the second solid waste and the third solid waste.

[0055] Among them, the packaging module preferably includes a solid waste storage bin and barrel packaging equipment, the first solid waste outlet, the second solid waste outlet and the third solid waste outlet are respectively connected to the solid waste storage bin, and the solid waste storage bin transports the collected solid waste to the barrel packaging equipment for packaging and processing.

[0056] Wherein, the effective storage capacity of the solid waste storage bin is preferably 800L.

[0057] Wherein, the interior of the solid waste storage bin is preferably provided with a filter element.

[0058] Preferably, the effective storage capacity of the barreling and packaging equipment is 200L, and the number of the barreling and packaging equipment can be determined according to actual conditions, for example, 4.

[0059] In the present invention, the radioactive waste treatment system preferably also includes an exhaust module, and the exhaust module preferably includes a ventilation area in the non-shielded area of ​​the plant, a ventilation area in the shielded area of ​​the plant, and an exhaust area of ​​the process system; wherein the ventilation area in the non-shielded area of ​​the plant is connected to the raw material additive feeding module, the oxidation treatment module, the tail gas treatment module and the spray drying module; wherein the ventilation area in the shielded area of ​​the plant is connected to the steam reforming furnace, the first high-temperature filter, the second high-temperature filter, the waste resin feeding module and the waste oil feeding module; wherein the exhaust area of ​​the process system is connected to the solid waste storage bin, the unloading device and the salt particle storage tank.

[0060] Among them, the non-shielded area ventilation area of ​​the factory building preferably also includes a non-shielded area exhaust high-efficiency filter and a non-shielded area exhaust fan for exhausting gas.

[0061] Wherein, the gas from the waste resin feeding module and the waste oil feeding module is preferably discharged through the exhaust system and then returned to the waste resin processing plant.

[0062] Among them, the salt particle storage tank is preferably connected through a salt particle exhaust gas heater, a salt particle storage tank fan and the high-efficiency filter, the unloading device is preferably connected through a unloading device heater, a unloading device fan and the high-efficiency filter, and the solid waste storage bin is preferably connected through a solid waste storage bin heater, a solid waste storage bin fan and the high-efficiency filter.

[0063] The present invention also discloses a method for treating radioactive waste, which adopts the above-mentioned radioactive waste treatment system and comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1. The radioactive waste undergoes a reforming reaction in the reforming reaction module. The pressure of the reforming reaction is -1 to -4 kPa. The radioactive waste forms synthesis gas and first solid waste after the reforming reaction.

[0065] S2, the synthesis gas generates flue gas after oxidation reaction in the oxidation chamber, and the flue gas enters the alkali washing quench chamber for cooling and washing, and then is transported to the venturi scrubber from the quench chamber outlet; the burner and the negative pressure regulating valve control the air self-suction into the oxidation chamber; the pressure of the oxidation chamber is -15 to -5 kPa;

[0066] S3. The gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet is sequentially desulfurized and denitrated in the venturi scrubber and the denitration scrubber to form tail gas, and the acidic medium and alkaline medium in the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet are further removed.

[0067] The gas entering the denitrification scrubber in the present invention still contains nitrogen oxides NO x After entering the denitrification scrubber, nitrogen oxides NO x The components are removed after SCR chemical conversion through denitrification treatment to form dischargeable nitrogen to meet the emission requirements and complete the final emission.

[0068] The present invention adopts a reforming reaction pressure of -1 to -4 kPa, which is beneficial to maintaining the bed pressure in the steam reforming furnace and further improving the volume reduction ratio.

[0069] In the present invention, the radioactive waste preferably includes waste resin and / or waste oil.

[0070] The waste oil preferably includes one or more of waste engine oil, waste lubricating oil and waste organic solvent.

[0071] Among them, the BO contained in the waste resin 3 The mass fraction of is preferably 2%-8%, for example 6%.

[0072] The waste resins include, for example, anion exchange resins and cation exchange resins. The chemical formula of the anion exchange resin is C 25 H 25 S 3 O 9 The chemical formula of cation exchange resin is C 34 H 52 N 3 O 3 .

[0073] The total content of cesium, strontium and cobalt in the waste resin is preferably 0.2-100 g / m 3 , for example 1g / m 3 .

[0074] The cesium content in the waste resin is preferably 0.2 g / m 3 .

[0075] The content of strontium in the waste resin is preferably 0.2 μg / m 3 .

[0076] The cobalt content in the waste resin is preferably 0.01 g / m 3 .

[0077] Wherein, the mass fraction of lithium in the waste resin is preferably 0.1%.

[0078] Among them, the waste oil preferably includes hydraulic oil and / or lubricating oil, and the components of the waste oil preferably include one or more of aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, fluorine-containing substances and acidic substances, for example, one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, glycol, isobutanol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, fluorides, sulfides and organic acids.

[0079] In the present invention, the radioactive dose rate of the radioactive waste is preferably less than 10 mSv / h, more preferably less than 1.5 mSv / h.

[0080] In the present invention, when the radioactive waste is waste oil, the temperature of the waste oil is preferably 30-80°C. In the present invention, the temperature of the reforming reaction is preferably 650-750°C.

[0081] In the present invention, preferably, in step S1, when the radioactive waste is waste resin, the waste resin is introduced into the steam reforming furnace in the reforming reaction module through the waste resin feeding module, and the waste resin preferably includes waste resin raw material and water.

[0082] The quality ratio of the waste resin raw material to water is preferably 1:1.

[0083] In the present invention, in step S1, preferably, when the radioactive waste is waste resin, a raw material additive is also introduced at the same time, and the raw material additive is introduced into the steam reforming furnace through the raw material additive feeding module.

[0084] The raw material additive preferably includes an anti-caking agent and kaolin, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent, the kaolin and the deionized water is preferably 1:1:1.

[0085] Preferably, the waste resin and the raw material additive are mixed and then introduced into the steam reforming furnace.

[0086] Preferably, the first waste resin feeding submodule and the first raw material additive feeding submodule operate simultaneously, and the second waste resin feeding submodule and the second raw material additive feeding submodule operate simultaneously; or, when the first waste resin feeding submodule and the first raw material additive feeding submodule operate simultaneously, the second waste resin feeding submodule and the second raw material additive feeding submodule stop operating.

[0087] In the present invention, in step S1, preferably, when the radioactive waste is waste oil, the waste oil is introduced into the steam reforming furnace through a waste oil feeding module, and the waste oil is stored in a waste oil feeding tank.

[0088] Wherein, the temperature of the waste oil feed tank is preferably 30-80°C.

[0089] In the present invention, in step S1, when the radioactive waste includes waste resin and waste oil, the waste resin and the waste oil are preferably introduced into the steam reforming furnace through the waste resin and waste oil feed port.

[0090] In the present invention, in step S1, when the radioactive waste includes waste resin, waste oil and raw material additives, the mixed slurry formed by the waste resin and the raw material additives, the waste oil and the atomized gas nitrogen are preferably respectively introduced into the steam reforming furnace through the first channel, the second channel and the third channel.

[0091] In the steam reformer of the present invention, devolatilization, cracking and steam reduction of radioactive waste occur to generate synthesis gas, and more than 99% of the radioactive nuclides in the radioactive waste are captured in the raw material additive to form the first solid waste.

[0092] In the present invention, in step S1, the first solid waste is preferably collected in the solid waste storage bin.

[0093] In the present invention, in step S1, the composition of the synthesis gas is, for example, H 2 ,CO,CO 2 , CH 4 and H 2 S.

[0094] In step S1 of the present invention, the reforming reaction occurring in the steam reforming furnace mainly includes:

[0095] Decomposition of organic matter: C x H y O z →C+CH 4 +CO+H 2 ;

[0096] Water gas reaction: H 2 O+C→H2 +CO;

[0097] CO shift reaction: CO+H 2 O→CO 2 +H 2 ;

[0098] Carbon oxidation reaction: C+O 2 →CO 2 ;

[0099] CO oxidation reaction: 2CO+O 2 →2CO 2 ;

[0100] H 2 Oxidation reaction: 2H 2 +O 2 →2H 2 O;

[0101] First nitric acid conversion reaction: 2NO 3 +3C→N 2 +3CO 2 ;

[0102] Second nitric acid conversion reaction: 2NO 3 +6H 2 →N 2 +6H 2 O;

[0103] The first hydrocarbon reforming reaction: C 2 H 4 +2H 2 O→2CO+4H 2 ;

[0104] Second hydrocarbon reforming reaction: C 6 H 6 +6H 2 O→6CO+9H 2 .

[0105] In the present invention, step S1 also involves a mineralization reaction, that is, the additive and the inorganic matter in the reforming residue form a new mineralization phase in the reforming furnace, which can make the radioactive nuclides in the waste well encapsulated in the mineralization product, for example, including the following reactions:

[0106] Na+Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 →Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -2SiO;

[0107] Na+K+Al 2 O3 -2SiO 2 →NaKO-Al 2 O 3 -2SiO;

[0108] Na+SO 4 +Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 →NaSO 4 -(Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 ) 6 ;

[0109] Na+Cl+Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 →2NaCl-(Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 ) 6 ;

[0110] Na+F+Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 →2NaF-(Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -2SiO 2 ) 6 ;

[0111] Na+Al 2 O 3 →NaAlO 2 .

[0112] In step S1 of the present invention, preferably, desalted water is added to the synthesis gas outlet to reduce the temperature of the synthesis gas.

[0113] In step S1 of the present invention, the temperature of the synthesis gas when leaving the synthesis gas outlet is preferably lower than 600°C.

[0114] In the present invention, preferably, the synthesis gas formed in step S1 passes through the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter in sequence and then enters the oxidation chamber; the solid particulate matter in the synthesis gas forms the second solid waste and the third solid waste after passing through the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter, respectively.

[0115] Wherein, the second solid waste and the third solid waste are preferably collected in the solid waste storage bin.

[0116] In the present invention, preferably, the first solid waste, the second solid waste and the third solid waste are introduced into the packaging module for packaging treatment.

[0117] In step S2 of the present invention, an oxidation reaction of the synthesis gas occurs, the synthesis gas is fully oxidized and burned, and the combustible components and / or combustible toxic gases in the synthesis gas are completely burned and converted into corresponding oxides. Then, the flue gas generated after the combustion of the synthesis gas is cooled and washed, and while the flue gas is rapidly cooled, water vapor in the flue gas is cooled and removed, and SO in the flue gas is absorbed and removed. 2 、SO 3 , HCl and CO 2 Acidic ingredients.

[0118] In the present invention, preferably, in step S2, the temperature of the oxidation chamber is >1100° C., more preferably 1200-2000° C. The temperature of the oxidation chamber is higher than 1100° C., which can fully oxidize the combustible gas in the synthesis gas and is conducive to the safe discharge of tail gas.

[0119] In step S2 of the present invention, preferably, the residence time of the synthesis gas in the oxidation chamber is >2s, more preferably 5-20s.

[0120] In step S2 of the present invention, preferably, the temperature of the gas discharged from the gas outlet of the quenching chamber is 60-95°C.

[0121] In the present invention, in step S2, the pH value of the alkaline washing solution is preferably 7-9.

[0122] In the present invention, in step S2, the salt concentration of the alkaline washing solution is preferably lower than 16%.

[0123] In the present invention, in step S3, preferably, the gas discharged from the quench chamber outlet is heated to a temperature of 250-330° C. by a flue gas heater before entering the denitration scrubber.

[0124] In the present invention, in step S3, preferably, ammonia water is introduced into the denitration scrubber to perform denitration treatment.

[0125] In the present invention, preferably, the exhaust gas is discharged after entering the exhaust gas treatment module.

[0126] In the present invention, the content of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas is preferably not more than 50 mg / Nm 3 .

[0127] In the present invention, the content of solid particles in the tail gas is preferably not more than 10 mg / Nm 3 .

[0128] In the present invention, the tail gas is preferably passed into a tail gas cooler for cooling, and the temperature of the tail gas after cooling is lower than 120°C.

[0129] The present invention preferably also includes a spray drying treatment stage, which includes the following steps: collecting the alkali washing liquid after washing in the alkali washing quenching chamber in step S2 in an alkali washing liquid buffer tank, spray drying the alkali washing liquid and hot air through a spray dryer to obtain salt particles and spray drying tail gas. In the spray drying process, the alkali washing liquid is first atomized, and the gas containing salt particles generated by atomization is fully mixed with the hot air, so that the fine solid salt particles contained in the mixed gas are dried.

[0130] Wherein, the spray drying temperature is preferably 500°C.

[0131] The tail gas obtained by the spray drying is preferably filtered and purified in the high-efficiency filter before being discharged.

[0132] Wherein, the salt particles are mainly sulfate and carbonate.

[0133] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0134] The reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0135] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0136] The present invention provides a radioactive waste treatment system and treatment method, the treatment system and treatment method can effectively treat radioactive waste with medium and low radiation doses; the present invention utilizes steam reforming treatment technology, and compared with the original technology, the system part is modified and upgraded, and the key equipment design and layout are optimized, so that the entire process system can smoothly treat radioactive waste with medium and low radiation doses, realize the inorganicization and stabilization of radioactive waste, and at the same time achieve an excellent volume reduction ratio, effectively reducing the accumulation of radioactive waste, especially waste resin, in nuclear power plants; the present invention can also effectively reduce the concentration of harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged, so that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0137] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the radioactive waste treatment system in Example 1.

[0138] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0139] 1-steam reformer; 2-first high temperature filter; 3-second high temperature filter; 4-venturi scrubber; 5-denitrification scrubber; 6-oxidation chamber; 7-alkali washing quenching chamber; 8-burner; 9-alkali liquid storage tank; 10-flue gas heater; 11-accident water tank; 12-exhaust gas cooler; 13-demister; 14-high efficiency filter; 15-waste resin feed tank; 16-waste resin feed pump; 17-raw material additive feed tank; 18-waste oil feed tank; 19-steam superheater; 20-solid waste storage bin; 21-barreling and packaging equipment; 22-spray dryer; 23-bag filter; 24-salt particle storage tank; 25-heater; 26-alkali washing liquid cooler;

[0140] 100-air intake module; 200-feeding module; 300-spray drying module; 400-packaging module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0141] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. The experimental methods in the following examples without specifying specific conditions are carried out according to conventional methods and conditions, or selected according to the product specifications.

[0142] Example 1

[0143] The schematic diagram of the radioactive waste treatment system in Example 1 is as follows Figure 1 , which includes the following modules:

[0144] Air intake module 100; the air intake module 100 is connected to the lower end of the steam reforming furnace 1 and is used to transport the gasifying agent to the steam reforming furnace 1. A steam superheater 19 is provided in the air intake module 100;

[0145] A feed module 200, which is arranged upstream of the reforming reaction module; the feed module 200 includes a waste resin feed module, a waste oil feed module and a raw material additive feed module; the waste resin feed module includes a waste resin feed tank 15 and a waste resin feed pump 16; wherein the waste resin feed tank 15 includes a gas distributor, and the gas distributor is used to pneumatically stir the waste resin; the waste resin feed pump 16 is a screw pump, and a mass flow meter is provided at the outlet of the waste resin feed pump 16; the waste resin feed module includes a first waste resin feed submodule and a second waste resin feed submodule, and the raw material additive feed module includes a first raw material additive feed submodule and a second raw material additive feed submodule; the raw material additive feed module includes a raw material additive feed tank 17; the waste oil feed module includes a waste oil feed tank 18, and the waste oil feed tank 18 is provided with a steam heating coil for maintaining the temperature of the waste oil;

[0146] A reforming reaction module, used for causing the radioactive waste to undergo a reforming reaction and form a first solid waste and a synthesis gas;

[0147] The reforming reaction module comprises a steam reforming furnace 1, a first high temperature filter 2, and a second high temperature filter 3 which are sequentially connected in series; the steam reforming furnace 1 comprises a synthesis gas outlet at the top and a first solid waste outlet at the bottom of the steam reforming furnace 1, respectively, the synthesis gas outlet is used to transport the synthesis gas generated in the steam reforming furnace 1 to the first high temperature filter 2, and the first solid waste outlet is used to discharge the first solid waste; the lower ends of the first high temperature filter 2 and the second high temperature filter 3 are respectively provided with a second solid waste outlet and a third solid waste outlet, the first high temperature filter 2 and the second high temperature filter 3 are used to discharge solid particulate matter in the synthesis gas, and form a second solid waste and a third solid waste, respectively;

[0148] The steam reforming furnace 1 is provided with a waste resin feed port and a waste oil feed port, the waste resin feed port is used to introduce a mixed slurry formed by waste resin and raw material additives, and the waste oil feed port is used to introduce waste oil;

[0149] The bottom of the steam reforming furnace 1 is provided with an automatic discharge port and a discharge device; the precision of the first high-temperature filter 2 and the second high-temperature filter 3 are both 0.03 microns, which are used to discharge solid particles with a particle size greater than 0.03 microns in the synthesis gas; the bottoms of the first high-temperature filter 2 and the second high-temperature filter 3 are both provided with an automatic discharge port and a discharge device; the gas outlet of the second high-temperature filter 3 is provided with a gas chromatograph for detecting the composition of the filtered synthesis gas; the circulation loop of the alkaline washing liquid is provided with an online pH meter and an alkaline washing liquid concentration meter, which are respectively used to monitor the pH value and salt content of the alkaline washing liquid in real time;

[0150] The oxidation treatment module comprises an oxidation furnace, a venturi scrubber 4 and a denitration scrubber 5 connected in sequence, the oxidation furnace comprises an upper oxidation chamber 6 and a lower alkali washing quenching chamber 7 which are interconnected; the oxidation chamber 6 is used to oxidize the synthesis gas to form flue gas, and the flue gas enters the alkali washing quenching chamber 7 for cooling and washing; a synthesis gas inlet and a burner 8 are provided at the top of the oxidation chamber 6, and the reforming reaction module, the burner 8 and the synthesis gas inlet are connected in sequence for inputting synthesis gas into the oxidation chamber 6; the top of the oxidation chamber 6 also A negative pressure regulating valve is provided for self-suction of air into the oxidation chamber 6; the alkali washing quenching chamber 7 comprises an alkali washing liquid inlet provided at the upper end of the alkali washing quenching chamber 7, an alkali washing liquid outlet provided at the lower end of the alkali washing quenching chamber 7 and a quenching chamber air outlet, the alkali washing liquid inlet and the alkali washing liquid outlet are connected through a pipeline provided outside the oxidation furnace to form an external circulation loop of the alkali washing liquid, an alkali washing liquid cooler 26 is provided on the alkali washing liquid circulation loop, and the quenching chamber air outlet is connected to the Venturi scrubber 4; the alkali washing quenching chamber 7 is connected to the alkali liquid storage tank 9;

[0151] The venturi scrubber 4 includes a scrubber air inlet, a scrubber liquid outlet and a scrubber air outlet; the scrubber air inlet is connected to the quench chamber air outlet, the scrubber liquid outlet is connected to the scrubbing liquid inlet of the alkaline washing quench chamber 7, and the scrubber air outlet is connected to the denitrification scrubber 5. The venturi scrubber 4 is used to neutralize and absorb the remaining acidic medium in the flue gas passing through the quench chamber;

[0152] The denitration scrubber 5 is preferably provided with an ammonia water inlet for introducing ammonia water;

[0153] The venturi scrubber 4 and the denitrification scrubber 5 are used to perform desulfurization and denitrification treatments on the flue gas to form tail gas respectively;

[0154] The venturi scrubber 4 is connected to the denitrification scrubber 5 via a flue gas heater 10;

[0155] The oxidation treatment module also includes an emergency water tank 11, which is connected to the alkali washing quenching chamber 7 and is used for automatic and safe cooling of the alkali washing quenching chamber 7;

[0156] Spray drying module 300: the spray drying module 300 is connected to the alkaline washing liquid outlet; the spray drying module 300 includes a spray dryer 22 and a bag filter 23; an automatic mechanical discharge device is provided at the bottom of the bag filter 23, and the automatic mechanical discharge device is used to transport the salt particles to the salt particle storage tank 24; the bag filter 23 is connected to the high-efficiency filter 14 through the heater 25;

[0157] Tail gas treatment module: The tail gas treatment module includes a tail gas cooler 12, a demister 13 and a high-efficiency filter 14 connected in sequence, and the tail gas cooler 12 is connected to the denitration scrubber 5; a tail gas blower is also provided between the demister 13 and the high-efficiency filter 14; the high-efficiency filter 14 is connected to the chimney through a chimney blower for exhaust gas discharge; a tail gas monitoring device and a radiation monitor are provided between the chimney blower and the chimney for real-time monitoring of tail gas emissions; the tail gas cooler 12 is provided with a tail gas cooler liquid outlet, and the tail gas cooler liquid outlet is connected to the washing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quenching chamber 7; the demister 13 is provided with a demister liquid outlet, and the demister liquid outlet is connected to the washing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quenching chamber 7;

[0158] The packaging module 400 is connected to the first solid waste outlet, the second solid waste outlet and the third solid waste outlet, respectively, and is used to package and transport the first solid waste, the second solid waste and the third solid waste; the packaging module 400 includes a solid waste storage bin 20 and a barrel packaging device 21, the first solid waste outlet, the second solid waste outlet and the third solid waste outlet are connected to the solid waste storage bin 20, respectively, and the solid waste storage bin 20 transports the collected solid waste to the barrel packaging device 21 for packaging; the effective storage capacity of the solid waste storage bin 20 is 800L; the effective storage capacity of the barrel packaging device 21 is 200L;

[0159] The exhaust module includes a ventilation area in the non-shielded area of ​​the plant, a ventilation area in the shielded area of ​​the plant and an exhaust area of ​​the process system; wherein the ventilation area in the non-shielded area of ​​the plant is connected to the raw material additive feeding module, the oxidation treatment module, the tail gas treatment module and the spray drying module 300; wherein the ventilation area in the shielded area of ​​the plant is connected to the steam reforming furnace 1, the first high-temperature filter 2, the second high-temperature filter 3, the waste resin feeding module and the waste oil feeding module; wherein the exhaust area of ​​the process system is connected to the solid waste storage bin, the unloading device and the salt particle storage tank 24 ... The wind zone also includes a non-shielded area exhaust high-efficiency filter 14 and a non-shielded area exhaust fan, which are used to exhaust gas; wherein the gas from the waste resin feeding module and the waste oil feeding module is discharged through the exhaust system and then returned to the waste resin processing plant; wherein the salt particle storage tank 24 is connected through a salt particle exhaust gas heater, a salt particle storage tank fan and a high-efficiency filter 14, the unloading device is connected through a unloading device heater, a unloading device fan and a high-efficiency filter 14, and the solid waste storage bin is connected through a solid waste storage bin heater, a solid waste storage bin fan and a high-efficiency filter 14.

[0160] Example 2

[0161] The radioactive waste treated in Example 2 includes waste resin, which includes waste resin raw materials and water, wherein the waste resin raw materials include anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin, and the chemical formula of the anion exchange resin is C 25 H 25 S 3 O 9 The chemical formula of cation exchange resin is C 34 H 52 N 3 O 3 ; Among them, the types of radioactive elements include cesium, strontium and cobalt; the radioactive dose rate of radioactive waste is less than 1.5mSv / h, and the waste resin raw materials and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to form radioactive waste for treatment.

[0162] This embodiment adopts the radioactive waste treatment system of embodiment 1, and the radioactive waste treatment method includes the following steps:

[0163] S1. The radioactive waste undergoes a reforming reaction in the reforming reaction module. The pressure of the reforming reaction is -3 kPa. The radioactive waste forms synthesis gas and the first solid waste after the reforming reaction. The temperature of the reforming reaction is 750°C. Deionized water is added to the synthesis gas outlet to reduce the temperature of the synthesis gas. The temperature of the synthesis gas when leaving the synthesis gas outlet is lower than 600°C.

[0164] The synthesis gas formed in step S1 passes through the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter in sequence and then enters the oxidation chamber; the solid particles in the synthesis gas pass through the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter to form the second solid waste and the third solid waste respectively;

[0165] S2. Synthesis gas generates flue gas after oxidation reaction in the oxidation chamber. The flue gas enters the alkali washing quenching chamber for cooling and washing, and then is transported to the venturi scrubber from the quenching chamber outlet. The burner and negative pressure regulating valve control the air self-suction into the oxidation chamber. The pressure of the oxidation chamber is -10kpa. The temperature of the oxidation chamber is 1200℃. The residence time of synthesis gas in the oxidation chamber is 3s. The temperature of the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet is 60-95℃. The pH value of the alkali washing solution is 7-9. The salt concentration of the alkali washing solution is less than 16%.

[0166] S3, the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet passes through the venturi scrubber and the denitrification scrubber in sequence to undergo desulfurization and denitrification treatment to form tail gas, and further removes the acidic medium and alkaline medium in the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet; before the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet passes through the denitrification scrubber, the gas temperature is heated to 300°C by a flue gas heater;

[0167] The method for treating radioactive waste further comprises a spray drying treatment stage, which comprises the following steps: collecting the alkaline washing liquid washed in the alkaline washing quenching chamber in step S2 in an alkaline washing liquid buffer tank, spray drying the alkaline washing liquid and hot air through a spray dryer to obtain salt particles and spray drying tail gas; the spray drying temperature is 500° C.; the tail gas obtained by spray drying enters a high-efficiency filter for filtration and purification before being discharged;

[0168] Among them, the first solid waste, the second solid waste and the third solid waste are passed into the packaging module for packaging treatment to form solid waste.

[0169] In this embodiment, the content of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas after filtration and purification does not exceed 50 mg / Nm 3 ; The content of solid particles in the exhaust gas does not exceed 10mg / Nm 3 ; The volume reduction ratio is 7.

[0170] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radioactive waste treatment system, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste treatment system includes the following modules: A reforming reaction module, used for causing the radioactive waste to undergo a reforming reaction and form a first solid waste and a synthesis gas; An oxidation treatment module; the oxidation treatment module comprises an oxidation furnace, a venturi scrubber and a denitration scrubber connected in sequence, the oxidation furnace comprises an upper oxidation chamber and a lower alkali washing quenching chamber which are interconnected; the oxidation chamber is used to oxidize the synthesis gas to form flue gas, and allow the flue gas to enter the alkali washing quenching chamber for cooling and washing; a synthesis gas inlet and a burner are provided at the top of the oxidation chamber, and the reforming reaction module, the burner and the synthesis gas inlet are connected in sequence for inputting the synthesis gas into the oxidation chamber; a negative pressure regulating valve is also provided at the top of the oxidation chamber for self-absorption of air into the oxidation chamber; the alkali washing quenching chamber comprises an alkali washing liquid inlet provided at the upper end of the alkali washing quenching chamber, an alkali washing liquid outlet provided at the lower end of the alkali washing quenching chamber and a quenching chamber gas outlet, the alkali washing liquid inlet and the alkali washing liquid outlet are connected by a pipeline provided outside the oxidation furnace to form an external circulation loop of the alkali washing liquid, and the quenching chamber gas outlet is connected to the venturi scrubber; The venturi scrubber comprises a scrubber air inlet, a scrubber liquid outlet and a scrubber air outlet; the scrubber air inlet is connected to the quench chamber air outlet, the scrubber liquid outlet is connected to the scrubbing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quench chamber, the scrubber air outlet is connected to the denitration scrubber, and the venturi scrubber is used to neutralize and absorb the remaining acidic medium in the flue gas passing through the quench chamber; The venturi scrubber and the denitrification scrubber are used to perform desulfurization and denitrification treatments on the flue gas respectively to form tail gas.

2. The radioactive waste treatment system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste treatment system further comprises a feed module, which is arranged upstream of the reforming reaction module; the feed module comprises one or more of a waste resin feed module, a waste oil feed module and a raw material additive feed module; the feed module satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (a) The waste resin feeding module comprises a waste resin feeding tank and a waste resin feeding pump; wherein the waste resin feeding tank comprises a gas distributor, and the gas distributor is used to pneumatically stir the waste resin; (b) the waste resin feed pump is a screw pump, a hose pump or a cam pump; a mass flow meter is provided at the outlet of the waste resin feed pump; (c) the waste resin feed module includes a first waste resin feed submodule and a second waste resin feed submodule, and the raw material additive feed module includes a first raw material additive feed submodule and a second raw material additive feed submodule; (d) The waste oil feed module comprises a waste oil feed tank, and the waste oil feed tank is preferably provided with a steam heating coil for maintaining the temperature of the waste oil.

3. The radioactive waste treatment system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The reforming reaction module comprises a steam reforming furnace, a first high-temperature filter, and a second high-temperature filter connected in series in sequence; the steam reforming furnace comprises a synthesis gas outlet at the top of the steam reforming furnace and a first solid waste outlet at the bottom, respectively, the synthesis gas outlet is used to transport the synthesis gas generated in the steam reforming furnace to the first high-temperature filter, and the first solid waste outlet is used to discharge the first solid waste; the lower ends of the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter are respectively provided with a second solid waste outlet and a third solid waste outlet, the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter are used to discharge solid particulate matter in the synthesis gas and form a second solid waste and a third solid waste, respectively; The steam reforming furnace is provided with a waste resin and waste oil feed port, and the waste resin and waste oil feed port is used to introduce waste resin, waste oil and raw material additives; wherein the waste resin and waste oil feed port is preferably provided with a spray gun and an atomizing nozzle; wherein the spray gun and the atomizing nozzle arranged at the waste resin and waste oil feed port are preferably provided with a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel, respectively used to introduce a mixed slurry formed by waste resin and raw material additives, waste oil, and atomizing gas nitrogen; Alternatively, the steam reforming furnace is provided with a waste resin feed port and a waste oil feed port, respectively. The waste resin feed port is used to introduce a mixed slurry formed by waste resin and raw material additives, and the waste oil feed port is used to introduce waste oil.

4. The radioactive waste treatment system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste treatment system meets one or more of the following conditions: (e) The bottom of the steam reforming furnace is provided with an automatic discharge port and a discharge device; (f) The precision of the first high temperature filter and the second high temperature filter are both 0.03 microns, and are used to discharge solid particles with a particle size greater than 0.03 microns in the synthesis gas; (g) The bottoms of the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter are both provided with automatic discharge ports and discharge devices; (h) A gas chromatograph is provided at the gas outlet of the second high-temperature filter for detecting the composition of the filtered synthesis gas; (i) the quench chamber outlet is also connected to the flue gas inlet of the oxidation chamber to form a flue gas circulation loop; (j) an online pH meter and an alkaline washing liquid concentration meter are provided on the circulation loop of the alkaline washing liquid, which are used to monitor the pH value and salt content of the alkaline washing liquid in real time, respectively; (k) the venturi scrubber is connected to the denitrification scrubber via a flue gas heater; (l) The radioactive waste treatment system further comprises an air intake module, which is connected to the lower end of the steam reforming furnace and is used to transport a gasifying agent to the steam reforming furnace.

5. The radioactive waste treatment system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste treatment system also includes a packaging module; the packaging module is respectively connected to the first solid waste outlet, the second solid waste outlet and the third solid waste outlet, and is used to package and transport the first solid waste, the second solid waste and the third solid waste.

6. The radioactive waste treatment system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste treatment system further comprises a spray drying module and a tail gas treatment module; the spray drying module is connected to the alkaline washing liquid outlet; the tail gas treatment module comprises a tail gas cooler, a demister and a high efficiency filter connected in sequence, and the tail gas cooler is connected to the denitration scrubber; Wherein, the spray drying module preferably comprises an alkali washing liquid buffer tank, a spray dryer and a bag filter connected in sequence; Wherein, the bottom of the bag filter is preferably provided with an automatic mechanical discharge device, and the automatic mechanical discharge device is used to transport the salt particles to the salt particle storage tank; Wherein, the denitration scrubber is preferably provided with an ammonia water inlet for introducing ammonia water; Wherein, an exhaust blower is preferably provided between the demister and the high efficiency filter; Wherein, the high efficiency filter is preferably connected to the chimney through a chimney blower for exhaust gas discharge; an exhaust gas monitoring device and a radiation monitor are preferably provided between the chimney blower and the chimney for real-time monitoring of exhaust gas discharge; Wherein, the exhaust gas cooler is preferably provided with an exhaust gas cooler liquid outlet, and the exhaust gas cooler liquid outlet is connected to the washing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quenching chamber; Wherein, the demister is preferably provided with a demister liquid outlet, and the demister liquid outlet is connected to the washing liquid inlet of the alkali washing quenching chamber.

7. A method for treating radioactive waste, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. The radioactive waste undergoes a reforming reaction in the reforming reaction module. The pressure of the reforming reaction is -1 to -4 kPa. The radioactive waste forms synthesis gas and first solid waste after the reforming reaction. S2, the synthesis gas generates flue gas after oxidation reaction in the oxidation chamber, and the flue gas enters the alkali washing quench chamber for cooling and washing, and then is transported to the venturi scrubber from the quench chamber outlet; the burner and the negative pressure regulating valve control the air self-suction into the oxidation chamber; the pressure of the oxidation chamber is -15 to -5 kPa; S3. The gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet is sequentially desulfurized and denitrated in the venturi scrubber and the denitration scrubber to form tail gas, and the acidic medium and alkaline medium in the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet are further removed.

8. The method for treating radioactive waste according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The radioactive waste includes waste resin and / or waste oil; wherein the waste oil preferably includes one or more of waste engine oil, waste lubricating oil and waste organic solvent; wherein the waste resin includes, for example, anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin, and the chemical formula of the anion exchange resin is C 25 H 25 S 3 O 9 The chemical formula of cation exchange resin is C 34 H 52 N 3 O 3 ; And / or, the radioactive dose rate of the radioactive waste is less than 10 mSv / h, preferably less than 1.5 mSv / h; And / or, the temperature of the reforming reaction is 650-750°C; And / or, in step S1, when the radioactive waste is waste resin, the waste resin is introduced into the steam reforming furnace in the reforming reaction module through the waste resin feeding module, and the waste resin preferably includes waste resin raw material and water; wherein the mass ratio of the waste resin raw material to water is preferably 1:1; And / or, in step S1, when the radioactive waste is waste resin, a raw material additive is also introduced at the same time, and the raw material additive is introduced into the steam reforming furnace through the raw material additive feeding module; wherein the raw material additive preferably includes an anti-caking agent and kaolin, wherein the quality ratio of the anti-caking agent, the kaolin and the deionized water is preferably 1:1:1; wherein the waste resin and the raw material additive are preferably mixed before being introduced into the steam reforming furnace; and / or, the first waste resin feeding submodule and the first raw material additive feeding submodule are operated simultaneously, and the second waste resin feeding submodule and the second raw material additive feeding submodule are operated simultaneously; or, when the first waste resin feeding submodule and the first raw material additive feeding submodule are operated simultaneously, the second waste resin feeding submodule and the second raw material additive feeding submodule are stopped; And / or, in step S1, when the radioactive waste is waste oil, the waste oil is introduced into the steam reformer through a waste oil feeding module, and the waste oil is stored in a waste oil feeding tank; wherein the temperature of the waste oil feeding tank is preferably 30-80°C; and / or, in step S1, when the radioactive waste includes waste resin and waste oil, the waste resin and the waste oil are introduced into the steam reforming furnace through the waste resin and waste oil feed port; And / or, in step S1, when the radioactive waste includes waste resin, waste oil and raw material additives, the mixed slurry formed by the waste resin and the raw material additives, the waste oil and the atomized nitrogen are respectively introduced into the steam reforming furnace through the first channel, the second channel and the third channel; and / or, in step S1, adding deionized water to the syngas outlet to reduce the temperature of the syngas; And / or, in step S1, the temperature of the synthesis gas when leaving the synthesis gas outlet is lower than 600°C.

9. The method for treating radioactive waste according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The synthesis gas formed in step S1 is passed through the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter in sequence and then enters the oxidation chamber; the solid particles in the synthesis gas pass through the first high-temperature filter and the second high-temperature filter to form the second solid waste and the third solid waste respectively; And / or, in step S2, the temperature of the oxidation chamber is >1100°C, preferably 1200-2000°C; And / or, in step S2, the residence time of the synthesis gas in the oxidation chamber is> 2s, preferably 5-20s; and / or, in step S2, the temperature of the gas discharged from the quenching chamber outlet is 60-95° C.; And / or, in step S2, the pH value of the alkaline washing solution is 7-9; and / or, in step S2, the salt concentration of the alkaline washing solution is lower than 16%; And / or, in step S3, the gas discharged from the quench chamber outlet is heated to a temperature of 250-330° C. by a flue gas heater before entering the denitration scrubber; and / or, in step S3, introducing ammonia water into the denitration scrubber for denitration treatment; And / or, the content of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas does not exceed 50 mg / Nm 3 ; And / or, the content of solid particles in the tail gas does not exceed 10 mg / Nm 3 ; And / or, the tail gas is passed into a tail gas cooler for cooling, and the temperature of the tail gas after cooling is lower than 120°C.

10. The method for treating radioactive waste according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The method for treating radioactive waste further comprises a spray drying treatment stage, which comprises the following steps: collecting the alkaline washing liquid washed in the alkaline washing quenching chamber in step S2 in an alkaline washing liquid buffer tank, spray drying the alkaline washing liquid and hot air through a spray dryer to obtain salt particles and spray drying tail gas; Wherein, the spray drying temperature is preferably 500°C; The tail gas obtained by spray drying is preferably filtered and purified in a high-efficiency filter before being discharged.

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