Discharging rod and discharging circuit

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a discharging rod and a discharging circuit. Relates to the power technology field. The method comprises the steps that a discharging rod is provided with a discharging circuit, and the discharging circuit comprises a resistance control spring and a discharging resistor; the discharge rod is used for obtaining a residual voltage signal of an object to be subjected to residual voltage release when the discharge rod is in contact with the object to be subjected to residual voltage release, triggering the resistor to control the spring to contract at a constant speed according to the residual voltage signal, and driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to be reduced at a constant speed, so that the residual voltage signal is reduced to a safe voltage value. The method is used for achieving the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to a discharge rod and a discharge circuit. Background Art

[0002] At present, in power production, when power is shut down for maintenance and testing, the equipment that meets the maintenance conditions must first be discharged to eliminate the residual charge of the equipment. When conducting high-voltage tests on equipment, it is often necessary to pressurize the equipment, and the discharge rod should also be used to discharge the equipment at the end of pressurization.

[0003] In the prior art, the existing discharge rod includes a discharge resistor and a capacitor, and the discharge operation is performed according to the discharge resistor and the capacitor.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the discharge resistance of the discharge rod is very large. Due to the lack of corresponding technical specifications, manufacturers usually set the margin of the discharge rod very high during design, resulting in a large resistance of the discharge rod. When discharging the capacitive device, the time constant is very large, resulting in high-resistance discharge usually failing to achieve a discharge effect, greatly affecting work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a discharge rod and a discharge circuit, which are used to improve the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a discharge rod, wherein the discharge rod is provided with a discharge circuit, wherein the discharge circuit includes a resistance control spring and a discharge resistor;

[0007] The discharge rod is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistor control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal, thereby driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease at a uniform speed, so that the residual pressure signal drops to a safe voltage value.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the resistance control spring and the discharge resistor are connected in parallel.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the contraction speed of the resistance-controlled spring is a fixed contraction speed determined according to a maximum sliding length of the resistance-controlled spring during a discharge process and a preset total discharge duration.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the discharge rod is used to obtain a residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when contacting the residual pressure object, and trigger the resistance control spring to contract uniformly at the fixed contraction speed according to the residual pressure signal.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring is determined according to the resistance value of the material used for the resistance control spring.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the resistance control spring is a linear elastic spring.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the discharge rod is used to trigger the resistance to control the spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal and a preset total discharge time; wherein the total discharge time is determined according to the residual pressure signal and the safety voltage.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the discharge circuit further includes a capacitor.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the length of the resistance material of the discharge resistor is linearly related to the resistance value of the discharge resistor.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a discharge circuit, wherein the discharge circuit is a discharge circuit in the discharge rod as described in the first aspect.

[0017] The discharge rod and discharge circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, the discharge rod is provided with a discharge circuit, the discharge circuit includes a resistance control spring and a discharge resistor; the discharge rod is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal, driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease at a uniform speed, so that the residual pressure signal drops to a safe voltage value. In this scheme, in order to achieve the rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment and avoid the damage of the equipment due to excessive discharge current, a resistance control spring is added on the basis of the traditional RC discharge circuit, and the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistor, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor decreases at a uniform speed, and the reduction rate through the resistor is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0019] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a discharge rod provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of another discharge rod provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0023] At present, in power production, when power is shut down for maintenance and testing, the equipment that meets the maintenance conditions must first be discharged to eliminate the residual charge of the equipment. When conducting high-voltage tests on equipment, it is often necessary to pressurize the equipment, and the discharge rod should also be used to discharge the equipment at the end of pressurization.

[0024] In one example, the existing discharge rod includes a discharge resistor and a capacitor, and the discharge operation is performed according to the discharge resistor and the capacitor. However, in the prior art, the discharge resistor of the discharge rod has a very large resistance. Since there is no corresponding technical specification requirement, the manufacturer usually sets the margin of the discharge rod very high during design, resulting in a large resistance of the discharge rod. When discharging the capacitive device, the time constant is very large, resulting in the high-resistance discharge usually not having a discharge effect, which greatly affects the work efficiency.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a discharge rod provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the existing device is discharged, the equivalent circuit can be used Figure 1 The RC discharge circuit is represented by 0 Represents the equivalent discharge resistance of the discharge circuit, and C is the equivalent capacitance of the equipment. 0 The determination of the discharge current usually needs to consider the maximum allowable operating current of the device to avoid damage to the device due to excessive discharge current. However, as the discharge process proceeds, the residual voltage of the device will gradually decrease, and the discharge power of the device will gradually decrease.

[0026] From the first-order RC circuit, we know that the device voltage decreases exponentially with time, so it takes a long time to reduce the residual voltage of the device to a safe level. 0 The voltage is 10kV, the maximum current of the equipment is 1A, and the equivalent capacitance C of the equipment is 25uF. In order not to damage the equipment, the discharge resistor R 0 Should be greater than 1MΩ, assuming the critical value R 0=1MΩ, the safety voltage Ur is set to 36V. According to the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] It can be calculated that the RC discharge circuit formed by the discharge resistor needs about 141 seconds to reduce the residual voltage to 36 V. For the personnel on the power test site, 141 seconds, which is nearly 2 minutes, is too long. When the equipment is large, too much time is spent on equipment discharge, which greatly affects the work efficiency.

[0029] In combination with the above-mentioned scenarios, it can be seen that in the prior art, there is a technical problem that the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod is poor.

[0030] The discharge rod provided in the present application uses a resistance control spring to control the discharge resistance, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistance decreases at a uniform rate, thereby solving the technical problem of poor discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0031] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of another discharge rod provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the discharge rod is provided with a discharge circuit, which includes a resistance control spring and a discharge resistor; the discharge rod is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal, thereby driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease at a uniform speed, so that the residual pressure signal drops to a safe voltage value.

[0033] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the discharge rod is provided with a discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit includes a resistance control spring F, a discharge resistor R, and an equivalent capacitor C. Compared with the traditional discharge circuit in the prior art, the present application adds a resistance control spring, which is a discharge resistor control module, and uses the resistance control spring to control the discharge resistor drop speed.

[0034] Furthermore, when the discharge rod contacts the residual pressure object to be released, it directly obtains the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released, and triggers the resistor to control the linear uniform contraction of the spring according to the residual pressure signal. The uniform contraction drives the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease uniformly, thereby reducing the residual pressure signal to a safe voltage value.

[0035] Specifically, from the discharge principle of the RC circuit, it can be seen that for a given capacitance, the total discharge time is only related to the resistance of the external discharge resistor. Therefore, the discharge efficiency can be improved by changing the resistance of the discharge resistor. In order to maximize the discharge efficiency, the discharge resistor must be allowed to reach the maximum discharge power at all times while meeting the heat dissipation conditions. Ideally, when the discharge power remains unchanged over time, the fastest discharge speed can be achieved. During the discharge process of the capacitor, the change in voltage u(t) over time satisfies the following formula (1):

[0036]

[0037] Assuming the discharge power is constant at P, then:

[0038] P=u(t)·I(t)

[0039] ------(2)

[0040] Where I(t) is the derivative of voltage. Combining formulas (1) and (2), we can obtain formula (3):

[0041]

[0042] The differential equation (4) of voltage u(t) is obtained by rearranging:

[0043]

[0044] Separate the variables and integrate the above formula (4) to obtain formula (5):

[0045]

[0046] Integrating to get formula (6):

[0047]

[0048] According to formula (6), the analytical solution (7) of voltage u(t) is obtained:

[0049]

[0050] According to Ohm's law, the sliding resistance R(t) changes with time as:

[0051]

[0052] Substituting (7) into (8), we obtain the analytical solution (9) of the sliding resistance R(t):

[0053]

[0054] Therefore, from the above formula, we can see that as the discharge process progresses, the voltage of the capacitor gradually decreases. In order to maintain a constant discharge power, the resistance must be gradually reduced. Therefore, the change of the discharge resistance over time is linear. Further, from the above formula, we can see that as the discharge process progresses, the voltage of the capacitor gradually decreases. In order to maintain a constant discharge power, the discharge resistance must be gradually reduced. According to the above formula, the discharge resistance changes with time. Therefore, the discharge circuit of the present application uses a resistance control spring to control the discharge resistance to The rate decreases uniformly, thus achieving rapid discharge.

[0055] The discharge rod provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit includes a resistance control spring and a discharge resistor; the discharge rod is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal, driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease at a uniform speed, so that the residual pressure signal drops to a safe voltage value. In this scheme, in order to achieve the rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment and avoid the damage of the equipment due to excessive discharge current, a resistance control spring is added on the basis of the traditional RC discharge circuit, and the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistor, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor decreases at a uniform speed, and the reduction rate of the resistance is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0056] In an example, Figure 2 As shown, the resistance control spring and the discharge resistor are connected in parallel.

[0057] Exemplarily, the resistance control spring and the discharge resistor are connected in parallel.

[0058] In one example, the contraction speed of the resistance-controlled spring is a fixed contraction speed determined according to a maximum sliding length of the resistance-controlled spring during the discharge process and a preset total discharge time.

[0059] Exemplarily, since the discharge rod of the present application is a special device, that is, the total discharge time, the residual voltage value represented by the residual voltage signal, the safety voltage, etc. are all fixed values, the fixed contraction speed can be determined according to the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring during the discharge process and the total discharge time T.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the contraction speed of the resistance control spring is a fixed contraction speed determined according to the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring during the discharge process and the preset total discharge time. In this solution, in order to achieve rapid release of the residual pressure of the device and avoid damage to the device due to excessive discharge current, a resistance control spring is added on the basis of the traditional RC discharge circuit, and the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistor, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor decreases at a uniform rate, and the rate of reduction through the resistor is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the device, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0061] In one example, the discharge rod is used to obtain a residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger a resistor to control the spring to contract uniformly at a fixed contraction speed according to the residual pressure signal.

[0062] Exemplarily, the discharge rod can obtain a residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object, and trigger the resistor to control the spring to contract uniformly at a fixed contraction speed according to the residual pressure signal.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge rod is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a fixed contraction speed according to the residual pressure signal. Therefore, since the discharge rod is a special device, the resistance control spring can be directly triggered according to the residual pressure signal to contract at a fixed contraction speed, that is, the discharge resistor is controlled by the resistance control spring, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor is reduced at a uniform speed, and the reduction rate of the resistance is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the device, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0064] In one example, the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring is determined according to the resistance value of the material used for the resistance control spring.

[0065] Exemplarily, the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring is determined according to the resistance value of the material used for the resistance control spring. The maximum sliding length refers to the maximum length of the resistance control spring.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring is determined according to the resistance value of the material used for the resistance control spring. In this solution, in order to achieve rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment and avoid damage to the equipment due to excessive discharge current, a resistance control spring is added on the basis of the traditional RC discharge circuit, and the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistance, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistance decreases at a uniform rate, and the rate of reduction through the resistance is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0067] In one example, the resistance control spring is a linear elastic spring.

[0068] Exemplarily, in the discharge circuit, the resistance control spring uses a linear elastic material to ensure that the resistance control spring exhibits a linear force within a working range, thereby enabling the discharge resistance to decrease linearly.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the resistance control spring is a linear elastic spring. Therefore, by using a linear winding material, the purpose of stepless resistance adjustment can be achieved, and there is no electronic structure, which effectively improves the reliability of the discharge rod.

[0070] In one example, the discharge rod is used to trigger a resistor to control the uniform contraction of a spring according to a residual pressure signal and a preset total discharge time; wherein the total discharge time is determined according to the residual pressure signal and a safety voltage.

[0071] For example, according to the above formula (9), the decreasing speed v(t) of the discharge resistance is solved as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Therefore, the drop rate of the discharge resistance only needs to meet It can discharge to the safe voltage U r When , the total discharge time T is minimum.

[0074] Because the decreasing speed of the discharge resistor is controlled by the resistor control spring, it is only necessary to keep the resistor control spring within the linear working range. The total discharge time can be minimized by decreasing the speed uniformly. Among them, X is the maximum sliding length of the resistance material used in the resistance control spring during the discharge process; the total discharge time T is the residual pressure value U represented by the residual pressure signal and the safety voltage value U r jointly determined.

[0075] Assume that the discharge voltage reaches the safety voltage U r The time when is T, then u(T)=U r , substituting into the above formula (7) we get:

[0076]

[0077] The total discharge time T is obtained as:

[0078]

[0079] Therefore, the discharge rod can trigger the resistor to control the uniform contraction of the spring according to the residual pressure signal and the preset total discharge time T.

[0080] It should be noted that the discharge rod of the present application is a special device, that is, the total discharge time, the residual pressure value represented by the residual pressure signal, the safety voltage, etc. are all fixed values, that is, during use, the resistor can be directly triggered according to the total discharge time T to control the spring to contract at a uniform speed. Furthermore, the present application can also add a calculation unit, which is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and calculate the actual total discharge time in real time according to the residual pressure signal and the safety voltage. At this time, the discharge rod triggers the resistor to control the spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal and the actual total discharge time, thereby driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease at a uniform speed, so that the residual pressure signal drops to a safe voltage value, and discharge is achieved in various discharge scenarios.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge rod is used to trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal and the preset total discharge time; wherein the total discharge time is determined according to the residual pressure signal and the safety voltage. In this solution, in order to achieve the rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment and avoid the damage of the equipment due to excessive discharge current, a resistance control spring is added on the basis of the traditional RC discharge circuit, and the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistance, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistance decreases at a uniform speed, and the rate of reduction through the resistance is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0082] In an example, Figure 2 As shown, the discharge circuit also includes a capacitor.

[0083] Exemplarily, the discharge circuit further includes a capacitor C, ie, an equivalent capacitor C. As shown in FIG.

[0084] In one example, the length of the resistive material of the discharge resistor is linearly related to the resistance value of the discharge resistor.

[0085] Exemplarily, the resistance material length x(t) of the discharge resistor is linearly related to the resistance R(t), that is:

[0086] R(t)=kx(t)

[0087] Where k is the proportionality factor of the discharge resistor.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge circuit also includes a capacitor. In this solution, in order to achieve rapid release of the residual pressure of the device and avoid damage to the device due to excessive discharge current, a resistance control spring is added on the basis of the traditional RC discharge circuit, and the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistor, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor decreases at a uniform rate, and the rate of reduction through the resistor is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the device, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0089] In an example, suppose a device has a residual voltage U 0 =10kV=10,000V, the maximum discharge power of the discharge rod is P=100W, and the equivalent capacitance of the equipment is C=25μF=25×10 -6 F, the safety voltage set for the protection equipment is U r =36V. Calculate the time T required to discharge to a safe voltage:

[0090] 1. Calculation

[0091]

[0092] 2. Calculation

[0093]

[0094] 3. Calculate the total discharge time T:

[0095]

[0096] As can be seen from the above, the discharge time of the device through R0 is 141s. If the fast discharge circuit in this application is added, the total discharge time is 12.5s, and the discharge speed is increased by 11 times. Moreover, the discharge resistor adopts linear winding material, which can achieve the purpose of stepless resistance adjustment, and there is no electronic structure, which effectively improves the reliability of the discharge rod. In addition, the discharge resistor is controlled by a resistor control spring, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor is reduced at a uniform rate, and the rate of reduction through the resistor is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always kept at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby achieving rapid discharge and rapid release of the residual pressure of the equipment, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0097] The embodiment of the present application also provides a discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit is the discharge circuit in the discharge rod in the above embodiment. Further, a calculation unit can be newly added to the discharge circuit. The calculation unit is configured to obtain the residual voltage signal of the object with residual voltage to be released when contacting the object with residual voltage to be released, and calculate the actual total discharge time in real time according to the residual voltage signal and the safety voltage. At this time, the discharge rod triggers the resistance control spring to contract uniformly according to the residual voltage signal and the actual total discharge time, thereby driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease uniformly, so that the residual voltage signal drops to the safety voltage value.

[0098] Therefore, the resistance control spring is used to control the discharge resistor, so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor decreases uniformly, and the reduction rate of the resistance is controlled to ensure that the discharge power is always maintained at the maximum value during the discharge process, thereby realizing rapid discharge and quickly releasing the residual voltage of the device, so as to achieve the effect of improving the discharge efficiency of the discharge rod.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily think of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and the practice of the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention. It is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A discharge rod, characterized in that: The discharge rod is provided with a discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit includes a resistance control spring and a discharge resistor; The discharge rod is used to obtain the residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistor control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal, thereby driving the resistance value of the discharge resistor to decrease at a uniform speed, so that the residual pressure signal drops to a safe voltage value.

2. The discharge rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance control spring and the discharge resistor are connected in parallel.

3. The discharge rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contraction speed of the resistance control spring is a fixed contraction speed determined according to the maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring during the discharge process and a preset total discharge time.

4. The discharge rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge rod is used to obtain a residual pressure signal of the residual pressure object to be released when it contacts the residual pressure object to be released, and trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal at the fixed contraction speed.

5. The discharge rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum sliding length of the resistance control spring is determined according to the resistance value of the material used for the resistance control spring.

6. The discharge rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance control spring is a linear elastic spring.

7. The discharge rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge rod is used to trigger the resistance control spring to contract at a uniform speed according to the residual pressure signal and a preset total discharge time; wherein the total discharge time is determined according to the residual pressure signal and the safety voltage.

8. The discharge rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge circuit also includes a capacitor.

9. The discharge rod according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The length of the resistance material of the discharge resistor is linearly related to the resistance value of the discharge resistor.

10. A discharge circuit, characterized in that: The discharge circuit is a discharge circuit in a discharge rod as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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