Multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology. The multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology comprises a cathode bus, an anode bus, a battery management unit, a first contactor, a second contactor, a third contactor, a fourth contactor and a lithium battery pack, under the condition that the first charging mode is selected, the battery management unit controls the four contactors to be closed; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack is greater than a first temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than a first rate threshold, the battery management unit controls the fourth contactor to be switched off; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack is greater than a second temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than a second rate threshold, the battery management unit controls the second contactor to be disconnected; under the condition that the second charging mode is selected, the battery management unit controls the first contactor, the second contactor and the third contactor to be switched on and controls the fourth contactor to be switched off; and under the condition that the third charging mode is selected, the battery management unit controls the first contactor, the third contactor and the fourth contactor to be switched on and controls the second contactor to be switched off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage and power supply, and in particular to a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development and popularization of smart phones and new energy vehicles, lithium batteries have played an increasingly important role in our daily lives. However, as the lithium battery industry develops rapidly, its accompanying safety issues emerge in an endless stream, especially during the charging stage of lithium batteries, such as overcharging and explosion of mobile phones and overcharging and explosion of new energy vehicles. Therefore, in order to cope with the increasingly prominent lithium battery safety issues, it is necessary to design an intelligent and highly safe lithium battery power supply topology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology, which can solve the technical problem of safety problem in lithium battery charging in the prior art.

[0004] The present invention provides a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology, which includes a negative busbar, a positive busbar, a battery management unit, a first contactor, a second contactor, a third contactor, a fourth contactor and a lithium battery pack;

[0005] The battery management unit is used to monitor the temperature of the lithium battery pack in real time and control the closing and opening of the four contactors; the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack is connected to the negative busbar, and the positive electrode is connected to one end of the second contactor; one end of the first contactor is connected to the positive busbar, and the other end is respectively connected to the other end of the second contactor, one end of the third contactor and one end of the fourth contactor; one end of the first load is connected to the other end of the third contactor, and the other end is connected to the negative busbar; one end of the second load is connected to the other end of the fourth contactor, and the other end is connected to the negative busbar;

[0006] The power supply topology has three charging modes, and any charging mode is selected according to demand to charge the lithium battery pack;

[0007] In the case of selecting the first charging mode, the battery management unit controls the four contactors to close; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack is greater than the first temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than the first rate threshold, the battery management unit controls the fourth contactor to open; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack is greater than the second temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than the second rate threshold, the battery management unit controls the second contactor to open;

[0008] When the second charging mode is selected, the battery management unit controls the first contactor, the second contactor, and the third contactor to be closed, and controls the fourth contactor to be opened;

[0009] When the third charging mode is selected, the battery management unit controls the first contactor, the third contactor, and the fourth contactor to be closed, and controls the second contactor to be opened;

[0010] The power of the second load is greater than the power of the first load; the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold; and the second rate threshold is greater than the first rate threshold.

[0011] Preferably, when the first charging mode is selected, when the lithium battery pack is fully charged, the battery management unit controls the first contactor to disconnect.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply topology also includes a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected to the other end of the first contactor, and the cathode is respectively connected to the other end of the second contactor and the anode of the second diode; the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected to one end of the third contactor and one end of the fourth contactor.

[0013] Preferably, the power supply topology further includes a first protection fuse and a second protection fuse, wherein the first protection fuse is arranged between the first contactor and the first diode; and the second protection fuse is arranged between the lithium battery pack and the second contactor.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, three charging modes are provided, which can be selected according to different application scenarios; and in the first charging mode, the load and the lithium battery pack are gradually and intelligently cut off according to the temperature rise rate and temperature of the lithium battery pack, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery system during charging; in addition, when entering and exiting the charging mode, the load side operates normally to achieve uninterrupted power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The included drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, which constitute a part of the specification, are used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and together with the text description, explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0017] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0018] 1. Negative busbar; 2. Battery management unit; 3. Lithium battery pack; 41. First protection fuse; 42. Second protection fuse; 5. Positive busbar; 61. First contactor; 62. Second contactor; 63. Third contactor; 64. Fourth contactor; 71. First diode; 72. Second diode; 81. First load; 82. Second load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology, which includes a negative bus 1, a positive bus 5, a battery management unit 2, a first contactor 61, a second contactor 62, a third contactor 63, a fourth contactor 64 and a lithium battery pack 3;

[0023] The battery management unit 2 is used to monitor the temperature of the lithium battery pack 3 in real time and control the closing and opening of the four contactors; the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack 3 is connected to the negative bus 1, and the positive electrode is connected to one end of the second contactor 62; one end of the first contactor 61 is connected to the positive bus 5, and the other end is respectively connected to the other end of the second contactor 62, one end of the third contactor 63 and one end of the fourth contactor 64; one end of the first load 81 is connected to the other end of the third contactor 63, and the other end is connected to the negative bus 1; one end of the second load 82 is connected to the other end of the fourth contactor 64, and the other end is connected to the negative bus 1;

[0024] The power supply topology has three charging modes, and any charging mode is selected according to the demand to charge the lithium battery pack 3;

[0025] In the case of selecting the first charging mode, the battery management unit 2 controls the four contactors to close. At this time, the lithium battery pack 3 is connected to the external charging facility, and the external charging facility charges the lithium battery pack 3 while supplying power to two loads; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack 3 is greater than the first temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than the first rate threshold, the battery management unit 2 controls the fourth contactor 64 to be disconnected. At this time, the lithium battery pack 3 stops supplying power to the high-power second load 82 and only supplies power to the low-power first load 81, thereby reducing the heat generation of the entire system; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack 3 is greater than the second temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than the second rate threshold, the battery management unit 2 controls the second contactor 62 to be disconnected. At this time, the lithium battery pack 3 stops charging, and the external charging facility only supplies power to the low-power first load 81, thereby avoiding charging safety accidents of the lithium battery pack 3;

[0026] When the second charging mode is selected, the battery management unit 2 controls the first contactor 61, the second contactor 62, and the third contactor 63 to be closed, and controls the fourth contactor 64 to be disconnected; at this time, the external charging facility charges the lithium battery pack 3 and supplies power to the low-power first load 81, that is, maintains the basic functions of the entire system while reducing the heat generated by the entire system;

[0027] When the third charging mode is selected, the battery management unit 2 controls the first contactor 61, the third contactor 63, and the fourth contactor 64 to be closed, and controls the second contactor 62 to be disconnected; at this time, the external charging facility only supplies power to two loads, and stops charging the lithium battery pack 3, so as not to affect the operating performance of the entire system;

[0028] The power of the second load 82 is greater than the power of the first load 81 ; the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold; and the second rate threshold is greater than the first rate threshold.

[0029] The present invention provides three charging modes, which can be selected according to different application scenarios; and in the first charging mode, the load and the lithium battery pack 3 are gradually and intelligently cut off according to the temperature rise rate and temperature of the lithium battery pack 3, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery system during charging; in addition, when entering and exiting the charging mode, the load side operates normally to achieve uninterrupted power supply.

[0030] Furthermore, since the lithium battery pack 3 generates a lot of heat when charging, when the temperature of the entire lithium battery pack 3 is high, it will affect the performance and even safety of the entire system, such as a smart phone, etc. Therefore, when the lithium battery pack 3 is connected to an external charging facility, the second charging mode can be selected.

[0031] Furthermore, in some scenarios, in order to avoid the influence of heat generated by charging of the lithium battery pack 3 on the performance of the entire system, such as a smart phone, when the lithium battery pack 3 is connected to an external charging facility, the third charging mode can be selected.

[0032] In the present invention, the negative busbar 1 and the positive busbar 5 are used for discharge output and charge input; the lithium battery pack 3 is used as a power source for supplying power to an external load; and the battery management unit 2 (BMS unit) is used for information monitoring, thermal management, safety management, etc.

[0033] The first load 81 and the second load 82 are both external loads. The first load 81 is a basic load, and the second load 82 is a high power consumption load.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the first charging mode is selected, when the lithium battery pack 3 is fully charged, the battery management unit 2 controls the first contactor 61 to disconnect. At this time, the lithium battery pack 3 seamlessly switches to the discharge mode to supply power to two loads. That is, when entering and exiting the charging mode, the load side operates normally without interruption.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power supply topology also includes a first diode 71 and a second diode 72, wherein the positive electrode of the first diode 71 is connected to the other end of the first contactor 61, and the negative electrode is respectively connected to the other end of the second contactor 62 and the positive electrode of the second diode 72; the negative electrode of the second diode 72 is respectively connected to one end of the third contactor 63 and one end of the fourth contactor 64.

[0036] The first diode 71 and the second diode 72 are provided to prevent the current from flowing backwards. The first diode 71 and the second diode 72 are both forward-conducting and reverse-cutting.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power supply topology also includes a first protection fuse 41 and a second protection fuse 42, wherein the first protection fuse 41 is arranged between the first contactor 61 and the first diode 71; the second protection fuse 42 is arranged between the lithium battery pack 3 and the second contactor 62.

[0038] By providing the first protection fuse 41 and the second protection fuse 42, when the current is too large and exceeds the allowable threshold, the circuit is disconnected to provide protection.

[0039] In summary, the present invention provides a multifunctional lithium battery power supply topology, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0040] 1. Diodes and protective fuses are installed on the charging and discharging circuits of the lithium battery pack 3 to provide safety protection such as current backflow and overcurrent protection;

[0041] 2. Multiple charging modes can be selected according to different application scenarios;

[0042] 3. In the first charging mode, the load and the lithium battery pack 3 are gradually and intelligently cut off according to the temperature rise rate and temperature of the lithium battery pack 3, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery system during charging;

[0043] 4. In the first charging mode, when entering and exiting the charging mode, the load side operates normally to achieve uninterrupted power supply.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0045] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0046] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional lithium battery powered topology, It is characterized in that The power supply topology comprises a negative busbar (1), a positive busbar (5), a battery management unit (2), a first contactor (61), a second contactor (62), a third contactor (63), a fourth contactor (64) and a lithium battery pack (3); The battery management unit (2) is used to monitor the temperature of the lithium battery pack (3) in real time and to control the closing and opening of the four contactors; the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack (3) is connected to the negative busbar (1), and the positive electrode is connected to one end of the second contactor (62); one end of the first contactor (61) is connected to the positive busbar (5), and the other end is respectively connected to the other end of the second contactor (62), one end of the third contactor (63) and one end of the fourth contactor (64); one end of the first load (81) is connected to the other end of the third contactor (63), and the other end is connected to the negative busbar (1); one end of the second load (82) is connected to the other end of the fourth contactor (64), and the other end is connected to the negative busbar (1); The power supply topology has three charging modes, and any charging mode is selected according to demand to charge the lithium battery pack (3); When the first charging mode is selected, the battery management unit (2) controls the four contactors to close; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack (3) is greater than a first temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than a first rate threshold, the battery management unit (2) controls the fourth contactor (64) to open; when the temperature of the lithium battery pack (3) is greater than a second temperature threshold or the temperature rise rate is greater than a second rate threshold, the battery management unit (2) controls the second contactor (62) to open; When the second charging mode is selected, the battery management unit (2) controls the first contactor (61), the second contactor (62), and the third contactor (63) to be closed, and controls the fourth contactor (64) to be opened; When the third charging mode is selected, the battery management unit (2) controls the first contactor (61), the third contactor (63), and the fourth contactor (64) to be closed, and controls the second contactor (62) to be opened; The power of the second load (82) is greater than the power of the first load (81); the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, and the second rate threshold is greater than the first rate threshold.

2. The power supply topology according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the case of selecting the first charging mode, when the lithium battery pack (3) is fully charged, the battery management unit (2) controls the first contactor (61) to be disconnected.

3. The power supply topology according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The power supply topology further comprises a first diode (71) and a second diode (72); the anode of the first diode (71) is connected to the other end of the first contactor (61), and the cathode is respectively connected to the other end of the second contactor (62) and the anode of the second diode (72); the cathode of the second diode (72) is respectively connected to one end of the third contactor (63) and one end of the fourth contactor (64).

4. The power supply topology according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The power supply topology further comprises a first protection fuse (41) and a second protection fuse (42), wherein the first protection fuse (41) is arranged between the first contactor (61) and the first diode (71); and the second protection fuse (42) is arranged between the lithium battery pack (3) and the second contactor (62).

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