Millimeter wave power amplifier, electronic circuit and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a millimeter wave power amplifier, an electronic circuit and electronic equipment. An input matching unit performs first conversion and first broadband matching on an input radio frequency signal and outputs the radio frequency signal; the first amplification unit performs primary amplification on the input radio-frequency signal and outputs the radio-frequency signal; the first inter-stage matching unit performs power distribution, second conversion and second broadband matching on the input radio-frequency signal and outputs the radio-frequency signal; the Cascode amplification module is used for carrying out two-path secondary amplification and corresponding bandwidth matching on the input radio-frequency signal and outputting the radio-frequency signal; the output matching unit performs power synthesis, fifth conversion and fifth broadband matching on the input radio-frequency signal and outputs the radio-frequency signal; wherein in the Cascode amplification module, a second / third inter-electrode matching subunit is arranged between a first / second Cascode lower-stage amplification subunit and a first / second Cascode upper-stage amplification subunit, so that broadband matching and transconductance enhancement between the first / second Cascode lower-stage amplification subunit and the first / second Cascode upper-stage amplification subunit are realized, and the overall gain and stability are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of amplifiers, and in particular to a millimeter wave power amplifier, an electronic circuit and an electronic device Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as microwave low-frequency spectrum resources are gradually exhausted, millimeter-wave resources have attracted more and more attention from researchers in both military and civilian fields. In transmitter systems, millimeter-wave power amplifiers require high gain and high efficiency to reduce power consumption, but because the millimeter-wave frequency is close to the characteristic frequency of transistors, the gain of millimeter-wave power amplifiers is usually low.

[0003] Therefore, in order to improve the gain of millimeter-wave power amplifiers, traditional technologies generally use cascode amplifiers. However, the problems with this solution are: the output power limit is low; the circuit stability is poor, and there is no impedance matching between the common source and the common gate of the cascode amplifier, so the gain cannot be fully utilized; at the same time, the output matching is usually narrow-band, which makes the gain easily affected by process deviations.

[0004] To solve the problems existing in traditional technologies, the existing technologies usually add an inductor between the common source and the common gate of the common source and common gate amplifier to achieve impedance matching, and adjust the parameters of the inductor to adjust the output matching to a broadband characteristic; and also improve the output power of the power amplifier through power synthesis. However, the inductor cannot completely achieve impedance matching between the common source and the common gate, and there is still room for improvement in the circuit gain; and the circuit stability problem has not been solved.

[0005] Therefore, providing a high-gain, high-stability millimeter-wave power amplifier has become a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a millimeter wave power amplifier, an electronic circuit and an electronic device to achieve high gain and high stability of the millimeter wave power amplifier.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a millimeter wave power amplifier for amplifying power of a first radio frequency signal, comprising:

[0008] An input matching unit, the input matching unit is used to perform a first conversion and a first broadband matching on the input first radio frequency signal, and output a second radio frequency signal; the input matching unit is also used to match the input impedance to a first set value;

[0009] a first amplifying unit, whose input end is coupled to the output end of the input matching unit; the first amplifying unit is used to perform a first pole amplification on the second radio frequency signal and output a third radio frequency signal;

[0010] a first inter-electrode matching unit, whose input end is coupled to the output end of the first amplifying unit; the first inter-electrode matching unit is used to perform a second conversion, a second broadband matching and a power distribution on the third radio frequency signal, and output a fourth radio frequency signal and a fifth radio frequency signal respectively;

[0011] A Cascode amplification module, comprising a first Cascode amplification unit and a second Cascode amplification unit;

[0012] Wherein, the first Cascode amplification unit includes a first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, a second inter-pole matching subunit, and a first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit; the input end of the first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the first inter-pole matching unit, and the first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is used to perform a second pole amplification on the fourth radio frequency signal and output a sixth radio frequency signal; the input end of the second inter-pole matching subunit is coupled to the output end of the first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, and the second inter-pole matching subunit is used to perform a third conversion and a third broadband matching on the sixth radio frequency signal, and output a seventh radio frequency signal; the input end of the first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the second inter-pole matching subunit, and the first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is used to perform a third pole amplification on the seventh radio frequency signal and output an eighth radio frequency signal;

[0013] Wherein, the second Cascode amplification unit includes a second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, a third inter-pole matching subunit, and a second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit; the input end of the second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the first inter-pole matching unit, and the second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is used to perform a second pole amplification on the fifth RF signal and output a ninth RF signal; the input end of the third inter-pole matching subunit is coupled to the output end of the second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, and the third inter-pole matching subunit is used to perform a fourth conversion and a fourth broadband matching on the ninth RF signal and output a tenth RF signal; the input end of the second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the third inter-pole matching subunit, and the second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is used to perform a third pole amplification on the tenth RF signal and output an eleventh RF signal;

[0014] An output matching unit, whose input terminals are respectively coupled to the output terminals of the first Cascode upper-stage amplification sub-unit and the output terminals of the second Cascode upper-stage amplification sub-unit; the output matching unit is used for power combining and fifth broadband matching of the eighth radio frequency signal and the eleventh radio frequency signal, and outputs a twelfth radio frequency signal as the output signal of the millimeter-wave power amplifier; the output matching unit is further used for matching the output impedance to a second set value; wherein, the first set value is equal to the second set value.

[0015] Optionally, the first Cascode lower-stage amplification sub-unit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor;

[0016] The control terminals of the first transistor and the second transistor jointly serve as the input terminal of the first Cascode lower-stage amplification sub-unit, the first terminal of the first transistor is coupled to the first terminal of the second transistor and grounded; the second terminals of the first transistor and the second transistor jointly serve as the output terminal of the first Cascode lower-stage amplification sub-unit; the first capacitor is coupled between the control terminal of the first transistor and the second terminal of the second transistor, and the second capacitor is coupled between the second terminal of the first transistor and the control terminal of the second transistor.

[0017] Optionally, the second inter-stage matching sub-unit includes a first transformer, the primary side of the first transformer serves as the input terminal of the second inter-stage matching sub-unit and is coupled between the second terminals of the first transistor and the second transistor; the first secondary side of the first transformer is electrically connected to the primary side of the first transformer to provide a first bias current for the primary side of the first transformer; the second secondary side of the first transformer serves as the output terminal of the second inter-stage matching sub-unit.

[0018] Optionally, the first Cascode upper-stage amplification sub-unit includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor; the control terminals of the third transistor and the fourth transistor jointly serve as the input terminal of the first Cascode upper-stage amplification sub-unit and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary side of the first transformer; the first terminals of the third transistor and the fourth transistor are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the first secondary side of the first transformer to provide the first bias current for the first secondary side of the first transformer; the second terminals of the third transistor and the fourth transistor jointly serve as the output terminal of the first Cascode upper-stage amplification sub-unit.

[0019] Optionally, the second Cascode lower-stage amplification sub-unit includes a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor;

[0020] The control end of the fifth transistor and the control end of the sixth transistor serve together as the input end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit, the first end of the fifth transistor is coupled to the first end of the sixth transistor and is grounded; the second end of the fifth transistor and the second end of the sixth transistor serve together as the output end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit; the third capacitor is coupled between the control end of the fifth transistor and the second end of the sixth transistor, and the fourth capacitor is coupled between the second end of the fifth transistor and the control terminal of the sixth transistor.

[0021] Optionally, the third inter-pole matching subunit includes a second transformer, the primary side of the second transformer serves as the input end of the third inter-pole matching subunit and is coupled between the second end of the fifth transistor and the second end of the sixth transistor; the first secondary side of the second transformer is electrically connected to the primary side of the second transformer to provide a second bias current for the primary side of the second transformer; the second secondary side of the second transformer serves as the output end of the third inter-pole matching subunit.

[0022] Optionally, the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit includes a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor; the control end of the seventh transistor and the control end of the eighth transistor serve as the input end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary side of the second transformer; the first end of the seventh transistor and the first end of the eighth transistor are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the first secondary side of the second transformer to provide the second bias current for the first secondary side of the second transformer; the second end of the seventh transistor and the second end of the eighth transistor jointly serve as the output end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit.

[0023] Optionally, both the first transformer and the second transformer are three-coil transformers.

[0024] Optionally, the output matching unit includes a third transformer and a fourth transformer; the primary side of the third transformer is coupled between the second end of the third transistor and the second end of the fourth transistor, and the primary side of the fourth transformer is coupled between the second end of the seventh transistor and the second end of the eighth transistor; the second end of the secondary side of the third transformer is coupled to the first end of the secondary side of the fourth transformer and serves as the output end of the output matching unit; the first end of the secondary side of the third transformer and the second end of the secondary side of the fourth transformer are both grounded.

[0025] Optionally, the first inter-pole matching unit includes a fifth transformer and a sixth transformer; the primary side of the fifth transformer and the primary side of the sixth transformer together serve as the input end of the first inter-pole matching unit; the second end of the primary side of the fifth transformer is coupled to the first end of the sixth transformer; the secondary side of the fifth transformer is coupled between the control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor, and the secondary side of the sixth transformer is coupled between the control end of the fifth transistor and the control end of the sixth transistor.

[0026] Optionally, the input matching unit includes a seventh transformer; the primary side of the seventh transformer serves as the input end of the input matching unit, and the secondary side of the seventh transformer serves as the output end of the input matching unit.

[0027] Optionally, the third transformer to the seventh transformer all include double-coil transformers.

[0028] Optionally, the first amplifying unit includes a ninth transistor, a tenth transistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a first current source;

[0029] The control end of the ninth transistor and the control end of the tenth transistor serve together as the input end of the first amplifying unit, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the secondary side of the seventh transformer; the first end of the ninth transistor is coupled to the first end of the tenth transistor, and is coupled to the first current source; the second end of the ninth transistor and the second end of the tenth transistor serve together as the output end of the first amplifying unit; the fifth capacitor is coupled between the control end of the ninth transistor and the second end of the tenth transistor, and the sixth capacitor is coupled between the second end of the ninth transistor and the control end of the tenth transistor.

[0030] Optionally, the first transistor to the tenth transistor each include at least any one of a MOS transistor and a triode.

[0031] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic circuit comprising the millimeter wave power amplifier provided by the first aspect and optional solutions of the present invention.

[0032] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising the electronic circuit provided by the second aspect of the present invention.

[0033] The millimeter wave power amplifier provided by the present invention realizes broadband matching and transconductance enhancement between the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, and realizes broadband matching and transconductance enhancement between the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, and realizes broadband matching and transconductance enhancement between the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, thereby improving the gain and stability of the power amplifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 A module diagram of a millimeter wave power amplifier provided for the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a circuit structure diagram of a millimeter wave power amplifier provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] Vin-first radio frequency signal;

[0039] Vout-twelfth RF signal;

[0040] 10- Input matching unit;

[0041] 10-seventh transformer;

[0042] 20-a first amplifying unit;

[0043] 30-a first inter-electrode matching unit;

[0044] 31- fifth transformer;

[0045] 32-sixth transformer;

[0046] 40-Cascode amplification module;

[0047] 41-first Cascode amplification unit;

[0048] 411-first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit;

[0049] 412-second inter-electrode matching subunit;

[0050] 412-first transformer;

[0051] 413-first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit;

[0052] 42-second Cascode amplification unit;

[0053] 421-second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit;

[0054] 422-third inter-electrode matching subunit;

[0055] 422- second transformer;

[0056] 423-second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit;

[0057] 50-output matching unit;

[0058] 51- the third transformer;

[0059] 52- fourth transformer;

[0060] Q1 - first transistor;

[0061] Q2 - second transistor;

[0062] Q3 - the third transistor;

[0063] Q4 - the fourth transistor;

[0064] Q5 - fifth transistor;

[0065] Q6 - the sixth transistor;

[0066] Q7 - seventh transistor;

[0067] Q8 - the eighth transistor;

[0068] Q9 - ninth transistor;

[0069] Q10 - tenth transistor;

[0070] C1-first capacitor;

[0071] C2-second capacitor;

[0072] C3-third capacitor;

[0073] C4-fourth capacitor;

[0074] C5-fifth capacitor;

[0075] C6-sixth capacitor;

[0076] First current source—Isource. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a millimeter wave power amplifier for amplifying the power of a first radio frequency signal Vin, comprising:

[0079] An input matching unit 10, the input matching unit 10 is used to perform a first conversion and a first broadband matching on the input first radio frequency signal Vin, and output a second radio frequency signal; the input matching unit 10 is also used to match the input impedance to a first set value;

[0080] A first amplifying unit 20, whose input end is coupled to the output end of the input matching unit 10; the first amplifying unit 20 is used to perform a first pole amplification on the second radio frequency signal and output a third radio frequency signal;

[0081] A first inter-electrode matching unit 30, whose input end is coupled to the output end of the first amplifying unit 20; the first inter-electrode matching unit 30 is used to perform a second conversion, a second broadband matching and a power distribution on the third radio frequency signal, and output a fourth radio frequency signal and a fifth radio frequency signal respectively;

[0082] Cascode amplification module 40, including a first Cascode amplification unit 41 and a second Cascode amplification unit 42;

[0083] Wherein, the first Cascode amplifying unit 41 includes a first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411, a second inter-pole matching subunit 412, and a first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 413; the input end of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411 is coupled to the output end of the first inter-pole matching unit 30, and the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411 is used to perform a second pole amplification on the fourth RF signal and output a sixth RF signal; the input end of the second inter-pole matching subunit 412 is coupled to the output end of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411, and the second inter-pole matching subunit 412 is used to perform a third conversion and a third broadband matching on the sixth RF signal and output a seventh RF signal; the input end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 413 is coupled to the output end of the second inter-pole matching subunit 412, and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 413 is used to perform a third pole amplification on the seventh RF signal and output an eighth RF signal;

[0084] Wherein, the second Cascode amplifying unit 42 includes a second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421, a third inter-pole matching subunit 422, and a second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 423; the input end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421 is coupled to the output end of the first inter-pole matching unit 30, and the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421 is used to perform a second pole amplification on the fifth RF signal and output a ninth RF signal; the input end of the third inter-pole matching subunit 422 is coupled to the output end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421, and the third inter-pole matching subunit 422 is used to perform a fourth conversion and a fourth broadband matching on the ninth RF signal and output a tenth RF signal; the input end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 423 is coupled to the output end of the third inter-pole matching subunit 422, and the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 423 is used to perform a third pole amplification on the tenth RF signal and output an eleventh RF signal;

[0085] An output matching unit 50, whose input end is respectively coupled to the output end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 413 and the output end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 423; the output matching unit 50 is used to perform power synthesis and fifth broadband matching on the eighth RF signal and the eleventh RF signal, and output a twelfth RF signal Vout as the output signal of the millimeter wave power amplifier; the output matching unit 50 is also used to match the output impedance to a second set value; wherein the first set value is equal to the second set value.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention uses the above technical means to achieve high gain, high stability, and impedance matching of the millimeter wave power amplifier. The specific principle is:

[0087] To achieve high gain and high stability of the millimeter wave power amplifier: by setting a second inter-pole matching subunit 412 between the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411 and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 413, broadband matching and transconductance enhancement are performed on the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411 and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 413, thereby improving the gain and stability of the first Cascode amplifying unit 41; at the same time, by setting a third inter-pole matching subunit 422 between the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421 and the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 423, broadband matching and transconductance enhancement are performed on the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421 and the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit 423, thereby improving the gain and stability of the second Cascode amplifying unit 42; finally, by improving the gain and stability of the first Cascode amplifying unit 41 and the second Cascode amplifying unit 42, the overall gain and stability of the millimeter wave power amplifier are improved. Among them, improving the stability of the millimeter wave power amplifier is specifically to: improve the stability coefficient of the circuit; when the stability coefficient of the circuit is greater than 1, the circuit is not prone to oscillation; when the stability coefficient of the circuit is less than 1, the circuit is prone to oscillation.

[0088] For the impedance matching of the millimeter wave power amplifier: the input impedance is adjusted to the first set value through the input matching unit 10, and the output impedance is adjusted to the second set value through the output matching unit 50, and the first set value is equal to the second set value to achieve impedance matching. And realizing impedance matching is conducive to improving the output power of the power amplifier. The specific principle is: first assume that the power amplifier is a pure resistance circuit, so that the reactance value caused by inductance and capacitance can be basically ignored. At this time, the impedance source of the circuit is mainly resistance. Therefore, the current in the circuit is equal to U / (R+r); wherein U is used to characterize the voltage of the input signal; R is used to characterize the output impedance; r is used to characterize the input impedance. And the output power is equal to I*I*R; wherein I is used to characterize the current in the circuit. Combined with the above formula, it can be seen that when R=r, the output power is the largest. Therefore, impedance matching is conducive to improving the output power of the power amplifier. Among them, the first set value and the second set value are usually 50Ω or 75Ω in the field of radio frequency. In the first embodiment of the present invention, it is specifically set to 50Ω. Of course, other settings can be made according to actual needs, which are not limited here.

[0089] The following describes the various circuit structures of the millimeter wave power amplifier:

[0090] Please refer to Figure 2 As a specific implementation, the first Cascode lower pole amplifier subunit 411 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2;

[0091] The control end of the first transistor Q1 and the control end of the second transistor Q2 are used together as the input end of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411, the first end of the first transistor Q1 is coupled to the first end of the second transistor Q2 and is grounded; the second end of the first transistor Q1 and the second end of the second transistor Q2 are used together as the output end of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411; the first capacitor C1 is coupled between the control end of the first transistor Q1 and the second end of the second transistor Q2, and the second capacitor C2 is coupled between the second end of the first transistor Q1 and the control terminal of the second transistor Q2. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are used together as a neutralizing capacitor to improve the gain and stability of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 411.

[0092] The second inter-pole matching subunit 412 includes a first transformer 412, the primary side of the first transformer 412 serves as the input end of the second inter-pole matching subunit 412 and is coupled between the second end of the first transistor Q1 and the second end of the second transistor Q2; the first secondary side of the first transformer 412 is electrically connected to the primary side of the first transformer 412 to provide a first bias current for the primary side of the first transformer 412; the second secondary side of the first transformer 412 serves as the output end of the second inter-pole matching subunit 412.

[0093] The first Cascode upper pole amplifier subunit 413 includes a third transistor Q3 and a fourth transistor Q4; the control end of the third transistor Q3 and the control end of the fourth transistor Q4 serve together as the input end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifier subunit 413, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary side of the first transformer 412; the first end of the third transistor Q3 and the first end of the fourth transistor Q4 are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the first secondary side of the first transformer 412 to provide the first bias current for the first secondary side of the first transformer 412; the second end of the third transistor Q3 and the second end of the fourth transistor Q4 serve together as the output end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifier subunit 413.

[0094] Specifically: if the first transistor Q1 to the fourth transistor Q4 are all MOS tubes, the first Cascode amplifier unit 41 is specifically a common source and common gate amplifier; the first Cascode lower pole amplifier unit 411 is specifically a common source of the common source and common gate amplifier, and the first Cascode upper pole amplifier unit 413 is specifically a common gate of the common source and common gate amplifier, and the first transformer 412 is arranged between the common source and the common gate, and the common source and the common gate are broadband matched and transconductance enhanced to improve the gain and stability of the first Cascode amplifier unit 41. Among them, the first transformer 412 specifically includes a three-coil transformer, and may also include a two-coil transformer, which can be selected according to actual needs and is not limited here. Of course, in addition to MOS tubes, the first transistor Q1 to the fourth transistor Q4 may also include other types of transistors; for example, triodes, which are not limited here.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 2 As a specific implementation, the second Cascode lower pole amplifier subunit 421 includes a fifth transistor Q5, a sixth transistor Q6, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4;

[0096] The control end of the fifth transistor Q5 and the control end of the sixth transistor Q6 are used together as the input end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421, the first end of the fifth transistor Q5 is coupled to the first end of the sixth transistor Q6 and is grounded; the second end of the fifth transistor Q5 and the second end of the sixth transistor Q6 are used together as the output end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421; the third capacitor C3 is coupled between the control end of the fifth transistor Q5 and the second end of the sixth transistor Q6, and the fourth capacitor C4 is coupled between the second end of the fifth transistor Q5 and the control terminal of the sixth transistor Q6. The third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are used together as a neutralizing capacitor to improve the gain and stability of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit 421.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 2 The third inter-pole matching subunit 422 includes a second transformer 422, the primary side of the second transformer 422 serves as the input end of the third inter-pole matching subunit 422 and is coupled between the second end of the fifth transistor Q5 and the second end of the sixth transistor Q6; the first secondary side of the second transformer 422 is electrically connected to the primary side of the second transformer 422 to provide a second bias current to the primary side of the second transformer 422; the second secondary side of the second transformer 422 serves as the output end of the third inter-pole matching subunit 422.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 2 The second Cascode upper pole amplifier subunit 423 includes a seventh transistor Q7 and an eighth transistor Q8; the control end of the seventh transistor Q7 and the control end of the eighth transistor Q8 serve as the input end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifier subunit 423, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary side of the second transformer 422; the first end of the seventh transistor Q7 and the first end of the eighth transistor Q8 are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the first secondary side of the second transformer 422 to provide the second bias current for the first secondary side of the second transformer 422; the second end of the seventh transistor Q7 and the second end of the eighth transistor Q8 serve together as the output end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifier subunit 423.

[0099] Specifically: if the fifth transistor Q5 to the eighth transistor Q8 are all MOS tubes, the second Cascode amplifier unit 42 is specifically a common source and common gate amplifier; the second Cascode lower pole amplifier unit 421 is specifically a common source of the common source and common gate amplifier, and the second Cascode upper pole amplifier unit 423 is specifically a common gate of the common source and common gate amplifier, and the second transformer 422 is set between the common source and the common gate to perform broadband matching and transconductance enhancement on the common source and the common gate, so as to improve the gain and stability of the second Cascode amplifier unit 42. Among them, the second transformer 422 specifically includes a three-coil transformer, and may also include a two-coil transformer, which can be selected according to actual needs and is not limited here. Of course, in addition to MOS tubes, the fifth transistor Q5 to the sixth transistor Q6 may also include other types of transistors; for example, triodes, which are not limited here.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 2 As a specific implementation, the input matching unit 10 includes a seventh transformer 10; the primary side of the seventh transformer 10 serves as the input end of the input matching unit 10, and the secondary side of the seventh transformer 10 serves as the output end of the input matching unit 10.

[0101] The first inter-electrode matching unit 30 includes a fifth transformer 31 and a sixth transformer 32; the primary side of the fifth transformer 31 and the primary side of the sixth transformer 32 serve together as the input end of the first inter-electrode matching unit 30; the second end of the primary side of the fifth transformer 31 is coupled to the first end of the sixth transformer 32; the secondary side of the fifth transformer 31 is coupled between the control end of the first transistor Q1 and the control end of the second transistor Q2, and the secondary side of the sixth transformer 32 is coupled between the control end of the fifth transistor Q5 and the control end of the sixth transistor Q6. The second broadband matching performed by the fifth transformer 31 and the sixth transformer 32 on the third RF signal is specifically dual-resonance peak gain broadband matching.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 2 , the output matching unit 50 includes a third transformer 51 and a fourth transformer 52; the primary side of the third transformer 51 is coupled between the second end of the third transistor Q3 and the second end of the fourth transistor Q4, and the primary side of the fourth transformer 52 is coupled between the second end of the seventh transistor Q7 and the second end of the eighth transistor Q8; the second end of the secondary side of the third transformer 51 is coupled to the first end of the secondary side of the fourth transformer 52, and serves as the output end of the output matching unit 50; the first end of the secondary side of the third transformer 51 and the second end of the secondary side of the fourth transformer 52 are both grounded. The third transformer 51 and the fourth transformer 52 respectively perform the fifth broadband matching on the eighth RF signal and the eleventh RF signal, which is also specifically a dual-resonance peak gain broadband matching. As a preferred embodiment, in addition to increasing the bandwidth through dual-resonance peak gain broadband matching, the seventh transformer 10, the third transformer 51, and the fourth transformer 52 are all low-coupling transformers, and the bandwidth is further increased by reducing the magnetic field coupling coefficient of the transformer; wherein, the increase in bandwidth can not only ensure the effectiveness of impedance matching in a wide range to reduce the impact of process deviations on circuit performance, but also maintain the stability of the gain in a wide range to simultaneously reduce the impact of process deviations on the gain.

[0103] In addition to increasing the bandwidth, the above-mentioned technical features have the beneficial effect of increasing the output power of the millimeter-wave power amplifier; the principle is: first, the power of the third RF signal is distributed through the fifth transformer 31 and the sixth transformer 32 to divide the third RF signal into two paths for separate amplification; finally, the amplified eighth RF signal and the amplified eleventh RF signal are power synthesized through the third transformer 51 and the fourth transformer 52 to output the twelfth RF signal Vout, and the twelfth RF signal Vout is used as the output signal of the millimeter-wave power amplifier to increase the output power of the millimeter-wave power amplifier.

[0104] As a specific implementation, the third transformer 51 to the seventh transformer 10 are specifically double-coil transformers; wherein, a bias voltage source is coupled between the primary side of the third transformer 51, the primary side of the fourth transformer 52, the second end of the fifth transformer 31 and the second end of the sixth transformer 32 to bias the third transformer 51, the fourth transformer 52, the fifth transformer 31 and the sixth transformer 32, respectively.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 2 As a specific implementation, the first amplifying unit 20 includes a ninth transistor Q9, a tenth transistor Q10, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, and a first current source Isource;

[0106] The control end of the ninth transistor Q9 and the control end of the tenth transistor Q10 are used as the input end of the first amplifier unit 20, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the secondary side of the seventh transformer 10; the first end of the ninth transistor Q9 is coupled to the first end of the tenth transistor Q10, and is coupled to the first current source Isource; the second end of the ninth transistor Q9 and the second end of the tenth transistor Q10 are used as the output end of the first amplifier unit 20; the fifth capacitor C5 is coupled between the control end of the ninth transistor Q9 and the second end of the tenth transistor Q10, and the sixth capacitor C6 is coupled between the second end of the ninth transistor Q9 and the control end of the tenth transistor Q10. The fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 are used as neutralizing capacitors to improve the gain and stability of the first amplifier unit 20. The first current source Isource helps to control the output power. Specifically: if the ninth transistor Q9 and the tenth transistor Q10 are both MOS tubes, the first amplifier unit 20 is specifically a common source amplifier. Of course, the ninth transistor Q9 to the tenth transistor Q10 may include other types of transistors besides MOS transistors, such as triodes, which is not limited here.

[0107] In summary, the millimeter wave power amplifier provided by the first embodiment of the present invention is provided with a second inter-electrode matching subunit between the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit; at the same time, a second inter-electrode matching subunit is provided between the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, so as to respectively realize broadband matching and transconductance enhancement between the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, and broadband matching and transconductance enhancement between the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit and the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, thereby improving the gain and stability of the power amplifier. The first capacitor to the sixth capacitor are also provided as neutralizing capacitors to further improve the gain and stability of the power amplifier. The input matching unit and the output matching unit are also provided to perform impedance matching to maximize the output power; and the first inter-electrode matching unit and the output matching unit are respectively used to perform power distribution and power synthesis to improve the upper limit of the output power; and the transformer in the input matching unit and the transformer in the output matching unit are both provided to be low-coupling transformers to increase the bandwidth and thus reduce the influence of the circuit performance and gain due to process deviation.

[0108] A second embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic circuit including the millimeter wave power amplifier.

[0109] A third embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising the electronic circuit.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A millimeter wave power amplifier, used to amplify the power of a first radio frequency signal, It is characterized in that include: An input matching unit, the input matching unit is used to perform a first conversion and a first broadband matching on the input first radio frequency signal, and output a second radio frequency signal; the input matching unit is also used to match the input impedance to a first set value; a first amplifying unit, whose input end is coupled to the output end of the input matching unit; the first amplifying unit is used to perform a first pole amplification on the second radio frequency signal and output a third radio frequency signal; A first inter-electrode matching unit, an input end of which is coupled to the output end of the first amplifying unit; The first inter-electrode matching unit is used to perform second conversion, second broadband matching and power distribution on the third radio frequency signal, and output a fourth radio frequency signal and a fifth radio frequency signal respectively; A Cascode amplification module, comprising a first Cascode amplification unit and a second Cascode amplification unit; Wherein, the first Cascode amplification unit includes a first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, a second inter-pole matching subunit, and a first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit; the input end of the first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the first inter-pole matching unit, and the first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is used to perform a second pole amplification on the fourth radio frequency signal and output a sixth radio frequency signal; the input end of the second inter-pole matching subunit is coupled to the output end of the first Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, and the second inter-pole matching subunit is used to perform a third conversion and a third broadband matching on the sixth radio frequency signal, and output a seventh radio frequency signal; the input end of the first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the second inter-pole matching subunit, and the first Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is used to perform a third pole amplification on the seventh radio frequency signal and output an eighth radio frequency signal; Wherein, the second Cascode amplification unit includes a second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, a third inter-pole matching subunit, and a second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit; the input end of the second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the first inter-pole matching unit, and the second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit is used to perform a second pole amplification on the fifth RF signal and output a ninth RF signal; the input end of the third inter-pole matching subunit is coupled to the output end of the second Cascode lower pole amplification subunit, and the third inter-pole matching subunit is used to perform a fourth conversion and a fourth broadband matching on the ninth RF signal and output a tenth RF signal; the input end of the second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is coupled to the output end of the third inter-pole matching subunit, and the second Cascode upper pole amplification subunit is used to perform a third pole amplification on the tenth RF signal and output an eleventh RF signal; An output matching unit, whose input end is respectively coupled to the output end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit and the output end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit; the output matching unit is used to perform power synthesis and fifth broadband matching on the eighth RF signal and the eleventh RF signal, and output the twelfth RF signal as the output signal of the millimeter wave power amplifier; the output matching unit is also used to match the output impedance to a second set value; wherein the first set value is equal to the second set value.

2. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit comprises a first transistor, a second transistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor; The control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor are used together as the input end of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit, the first end of the first transistor is coupled to the first end of the second transistor and is grounded; the second end of the first transistor and the second end of the second transistor are used together as the output end of the first Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit; The first capacitor is coupled between the control terminal of the first transistor and the second terminal of the second transistor, and the second capacitor is coupled between the second terminal of the first transistor and the control terminal of the second transistor.

3. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The second inter-electrode matching subunit includes a first transformer, the primary side of the first transformer serves as an input end of the second inter-electrode matching subunit and is coupled between the second end of the first transistor and the second end of the second transistor; The first secondary side of the first transformer is electrically connected to the primary side of the first transformer to provide a first bias current for the primary side of the first transformer; The second secondary side of the first transformer serves as an output end of the second inter-pole matching subunit.

4. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit includes a third transistor and a fourth transistor; the control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor are jointly used as the input end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary side of the first transformer; the first end of the third transistor and the first end of the fourth transistor are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the first secondary side of the first transformer to provide the first bias current for the first secondary side of the first transformer; the second end of the third transistor and the second end of the fourth transistor are jointly used as the output end of the first Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit.

5. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor; The control end of the fifth transistor and the control end of the sixth transistor are used together as the input end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit, the first end of the fifth transistor is coupled to the first end of the sixth transistor and is grounded; the second end of the fifth transistor and the second end of the sixth transistor are used together as the output end of the second Cascode lower pole amplifying subunit; The third capacitor is coupled between the control terminal of the fifth transistor and the second terminal of the sixth transistor, and the fourth capacitor is coupled between the second terminal of the fifth transistor and the control terminal of the sixth transistor.

6. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The third inter-electrode matching subunit includes a second transformer, the primary side of the second transformer serves as an input end of the third inter-electrode matching subunit and is coupled between the second end of the fifth transistor and the second end of the sixth transistor; The first secondary side of the second transformer is electrically connected to the primary side of the second transformer to provide a second bias current for the primary side of the second transformer; The second secondary side of the second transformer serves as the output end of the third inter-pole matching subunit.

7. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit includes a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor; the control end of the seventh transistor and the control end of the eighth transistor serve as the input end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit, and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary side of the second transformer; the first end of the seventh transistor and the first end of the eighth transistor are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the first secondary side of the second transformer to provide the second bias current for the first secondary side of the second transformer; the second end of the seventh transistor and the second end of the eighth transistor serve together as the output end of the second Cascode upper pole amplifying subunit.

8. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The first transformer and the second transformer are both three-coil transformers.

9. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The output matching unit includes a third transformer and a fourth transformer; the primary side of the third transformer is coupled between the second end of the third transistor and the second end of the fourth transistor, and the primary side of the fourth transformer is coupled between the second end of the seventh transistor and the second end of the eighth transistor; the second end of the secondary side of the third transformer is coupled to the first end of the secondary side of the fourth transformer and serves as the output end of the output matching unit; the first end of the secondary side of the third transformer and the second end of the secondary side of the fourth transformer are both grounded.

10. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The first inter-pole matching unit includes a fifth transformer and a sixth transformer; the primary side of the fifth transformer and the primary side of the sixth transformer together serve as the input end of the first inter-pole matching unit; the second end of the primary side of the fifth transformer is coupled to the first end of the sixth transformer; the secondary side of the fifth transformer is coupled between the control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor, and the secondary side of the sixth transformer is coupled between the control end of the fifth transistor and the control end of the sixth transistor.

11. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 10, It is characterized in that The input matching unit includes a seventh transformer; the primary side of the seventh transformer serves as the input end of the input matching unit, and the secondary side of the seventh transformer serves as the output end of the input matching unit.

12. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The third transformer to the seventh transformer all include double-coil transformers, and the seventh transformer, the third transformer, and the fourth transformer are all low-coupling transformers.

13. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The first amplifying unit includes a ninth transistor, a tenth transistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a first current source; The control end of the ninth transistor and the control end of the tenth transistor serve together as the input end of the first amplifying unit and are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the secondary side of the seventh transformer; the first end of the ninth transistor is coupled to the first end of the tenth transistor and is coupled to the first current source; The second end of the ninth transistor and the second end of the tenth transistor serve together as an output end of the first amplifying unit; The fifth capacitor is coupled between the control terminal of the ninth transistor and the second terminal of the tenth transistor, and the sixth capacitor is coupled between the second terminal of the ninth transistor and the control terminal of the tenth transistor.

14. The millimeter wave power amplifier according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The first transistor to the tenth transistor each include at least one of a MOS transistor and a triode.

15. An electronic circuit, It is characterized in that A millimeter wave power amplifier comprising the method described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. An electronic device, It is characterized in that Comprising the electronic circuit of claim 15.

Images