Multifunctional chopper adaptive to pasture silage round baler

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional chopper adaptive to a pasture silage round baler. The multifunctional chopper comprises a rack, a movable bottom plate, a bottom plate tension spring, a movable cutter roller, a fixed cutter protection device, an anti-blocking device, a cutter grinding device, a cutter grinding driving device and a fixed cutter cleaning device, the front end of the movable bottom plate is hinged to the front lower portion of the rack, and the two sides of the rear end of the movable bottom plate are connected with the rack through bottom plate tension springs. The two sides of the movable cutter roller are connected to the machine frame in a rotating pair mode, the anti-blocking device and the cutter grinding driving device are installed on the two sides of the machine frame, and the fixed cutter cleaning device is installed below the movable bottom plate. The fixed cutter protection device is hinged to the front end of the movable bottom plate and located below the fixed cutter cleaning device; the sharpening device is installed at the front end of the movable bottom plate, and the two sides of the sharpening device are connected with the sharpening driving device. Through a series of innovative designs, the working performance and the reliability of the chopper are remarkably improved, the failure rate and the maintenance cost of equipment are reduced, the efficiency of ensiling operation is improved, and the ensiling chopper has high market application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional chopper adapted for a forage silage round baler. Background Art

[0002] With the development of animal husbandry and the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization, the efficiency and quality of forage silage operations are increasingly dependent on high-performance mechanical equipment, especially in the chopping and baling of forage. As one of the key equipment, forage field silage round balers are widely used in the silage processing of forage such as alfalfa, oats and triticale. They have the function of picking up and chopping forage grass strips and then baling them in round bales. However, the chopper of the traditional round baler has the following problems during operation, which restricts the efficiency and operation quality of the silage round baler.

[0003] (1) The cutter is easily damaged. Most traditional choppers use a simple combination of fixed and moving cutters to cut grass. The fixed cutter is relatively simple to fix and often lacks effective protection measures. The cutter is easily damaged by impact or collision with foreign objects during operation.

[0004] (2) The chopper is prone to clogging. Under high-load operating conditions, factors such as uneven grass strips can cause clogging inside the chopper. Especially when the grass humidity is high or there are many weeds, the grass in the chopper is prone to accumulation, causing the chopper to work poorly or get stuck, affecting the continuity of the operation. Manual intervention and cleaning is labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0005] (3) The cutters are difficult to maintain. Most existing cutter maintenance and wear management measures rely on manual inspection and replacement, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increases the downtime of the machine. If manual inspection and replacement are not timely, the wear of the cutters often leads to poor cutting results, thus affecting the quality of the forage and may even cause equipment failure or damage.

[0006] (4) The fixed blade is difficult to clean. After working for a long time, a large amount of grass clippings and debris will adhere to the surface of the blade. These residues will not only affect the cutting effect of the blade, but may also cause excessive wear of the blade, increasing the maintenance cost of the equipment. Traditional choppers often do not have special cleaning devices. When grass clippings accumulate seriously on the blade, it will not only affect the cutting effect, but also accelerate the aging of the equipment and cause mechanical failure.

[0007] In summary, the existing shredders have many problems in terms of fixed blade protection, anti-blocking, blade sharpening and fixed blade cleaning, and technical innovation and improvement are needed. Therefore, it is an urgent need to design a multifunctional shredder that integrates fixed blade protection, anti-blocking, automatic blade sharpening and fixed blade cleaning to solve the existing problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional chopper suitable for a forage silage round baler, which is used to solve the many problems of the chopper in terms of fixed blade protection, anti-blocking, blade sharpening and fixed blade cleaning.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a multifunctional chopper suitable for a forage silage round baler, comprising a frame, a movable bottom plate, a bottom plate tension spring, a movable knife roller, a fixed knife protection device, an anti-blocking device, a knife sharpening device, a knife sharpening drive device and a fixed knife cleaning device; its characteristics are as follows: the front end of the movable bottom plate is hinged at the front lower part of the frame, and the two sides of the rear end are connected to the frame through the bottom plate tension spring; the two sides of the movable knife roller are connected to the frame in the form of a rotating pair, the anti-blocking device and the knife sharpening drive device are installed on both sides of the frame, and the fixed knife cleaning device is installed below the movable bottom plate; the fixed knife protection device is hinged at the front end of the movable bottom plate and is located below the fixed knife cleaning device; the knife sharpening device is installed at the front end of the movable bottom plate, and the two sides are connected to the knife sharpening drive device.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame includes a rear bottom plate, a front bottom plate, a side plate, an upper cover plate and a grass guard plate; its characteristics are: the front bottom plate and the rear bottom plate are fixed between the two side plates, respectively located at the front lower part and the rear lower part of the side plates; the grass guard plate is fixed at the rear lower part of the upper cover plate, located between the blades of the moving knife roller; the two sides of the upper cover plate are installed above the side plates; the side plates are provided with a sharpening slide and a reset column.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable bottom plate is provided with a knife sharpening device storage groove, a limiting U-shaped hole, a movable bottom plate side plate, and an arc-shaped slide; its characteristics are: the knife sharpening device storage groove is located at the front end of the bottom plate, the movable bottom plate side plates are located on both sides of the movable bottom plate, the limiting U-shaped hole and the arc-shaped slide are located on the movable bottom plate side plates, and the limiting U-shaped hole is located behind the arc-shaped slide.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed knife protection device comprises a fixed knife, a push rod, a push rod rotating shaft, a cylinder connecting shaft, a fixed knife bracket, a fixed knife tension spring, a fixed knife rotating shaft and an adjusting screw; its characteristics are as follows: the cylinder connecting shaft is fixed under the fixed knife bracket, the fixed knife rotating shaft and the push rod rotating shaft are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of the fixed knife bracket, and the two ends of the fixed knife rotating shaft are connected to the front end of the movable bottom plate in the form of a rotating pair, and the two ends of the push rod rotating shaft are connected in the arc slide in the form of a moving pair; the fixed knife and the push rod are respectively connected to the fixed knife rotating shaft and the push rod rotating shaft in the form of a rotating pair, and the upper end of the push rod is pressed against the rear of the fixed knife, and the upper end of the push rod can slide along the arc surface behind the fixed knife; one end of the fixed knife tension spring is connected to the upper end of the push rod, and the other end is connected to the adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is installed on the movable bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-blocking device includes a fixed knife speed sensor, a driving speed sensor, an overload protection component, an anti-blocking cylinder and a material baffle plate; its characteristics are: the fixed knife speed sensor and the overload protection component are respectively connected to the two ends of the moving knife roller, wherein the fixed knife speed sensor is fixed on the side panel; the driving speed sensor is installed on the side panel, next to the overload protection component; one end of the anti-blocking cylinder is hinged on the cylinder connecting shaft, and the other end is hinged on the side panel; the upper part of the material baffle plate is hinged in front of the rear bottom plate, and is connected to the rear end of the movable bottom plate in the form of a moving pair.

[0014] Furthermore, the knife sharpening device comprises a knife sharpening bracket, a grinding block, a grinding block compression spring and a cover plate, wherein a plurality of grinding block boxes are evenly distributed inside the knife sharpening bracket, and a connecting shaft and an adjusting shaft are respectively arranged at both ends; the grinding blocks are staggered in the grinding block boxes, and grinding block compression springs are respectively installed at both ends; the cover plate is installed above the knife sharpening bracket, and the connecting shaft and the adjusting shaft are both installed in the knife sharpening slide.

[0015] Furthermore, the knife sharpening drive device comprises an encoder, a slideway, a sliding shaft compression spring, a knife sharpening cylinder, a sliding shaft, a guide wheel, a connecting rod, a pull rope, a rocker arm, a limit hook compression spring, a reset torsion spring, a limit torsion spring, a limit sensor, a limit hook, a rocker arm, a telescopic rod compression spring, and a telescopic rod, wherein the limit hook is provided with a reset dial plate, a limit dial plate, a limit rod and a hook; the upper end of the rocker arm is hinged on the side plate, and the lower end is connected to the telescopic rod in the form of a moving pair, the telescopic rod compression spring is installed between the rocker arm and the telescopic rod, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is connected to the connecting shaft in the form of a rotating pair; the reset torsion spring and the limit torsion spring are both sleeved on the connecting shaft, and one end of each is fixed to the adjusting shaft, wherein the other end of the limit torsion spring is connected to the telescopic rod to apply an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft, and the other end of the reset torsion spring is not fixed and is limited by the reset clamping column; the encoder is fixed The cam is fixed on the side plate and connected with the upper end of the rocker arm; the slideway is fixed on the side plate and connected with the sliding shaft in the form of a moving pair, and a sliding shaft compression spring is installed inside the slideway and is located in front of the sliding shaft; one end of the sharpening cylinder is hinged with the sliding shaft, and the other end is hinged with the rocker arm; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding shaft, and the other end is hinged on the upper part of the rocker arm, and the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged on the side plate; one end of the pull rope is connected to the adjusting shaft, and after passing around the upper end of the rocker arm and the guide wheel, the other end is connected to the sliding shaft; the limit hook is hinged on the side plate, and is located beside the upper end of the arc slideway, the limit rod is located in the limit U-shaped hole, the limit hook compression spring is installed on the limit rod, and is located between the limit hook and the limit U-shaped hole, the reset dial plate is located below the lower end of the rocker arm, and the limit dial plate is located behind the lower end of the rocker arm; the limit sensor is installed on the movable bottom plate, and is located below the limit U-shaped hole.

[0016] Further, the fixed knife cleaning device comprises a left limit plate, a left scraper, a right scraper, a scraper compression spring, a right limit plate, a compression spring fixing sleeve, and a pressure plate, wherein the left limit plate is provided with a left limit U-shaped hole, the right limit plate is provided with a right limit U-shaped hole and a passing U-shaped hole, short clamping columns are provided below the two ends of the left scraper, and long clamping columns are provided below the two ends of the right scraper; the left scraper and the right scraper are tightly attached to the bottom of the movable bottom plate and are respectively fixed on both sides of the fixed blade, and the scraper compression springs are installed on the outer sides of the outermost left and right scrapers, and the compression spring fixing sleeve is installed on the outer side, and the outer side of the compression spring fixing sleeve is pressed against the side plate of the movable bottom plate, and the scraper compression springs are installed between the remaining left and right scrapers; the right limit plate and the left limit plate are tightly attached to the bottom of the left scraper and the right scraper in turn, the short clamping column is stuck in the left limit U-shaped hole, and the long clamping column passes through the passing U-shaped hole and is stuck in the right limit U-shaped hole; the pressure plate is fixed to the movable bottom plate and is tightly attached to the bottom of the left limit plate.

[0017] Furthermore, wedge-shaped side plates are provided on the sides of the left limiting plate and the right limiting plate, and the wedge-shaped side plates are shaped downward with the inner side lower and the outer side higher.

[0018] Furthermore, wedge-shaped driving plates are arranged on both sides of the fixed knife bracket. The wedge-shaped driving plates are shaped upward with the inner side lower and the outer side higher, corresponding to the wedge-shaped side plates, and can be inserted between the side plates of the movable bottom plate and the wedge-shaped side plates.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention is designed with a fixed knife protection device, which can effectively prevent the fixed knife from being damaged by the impact of foreign objects during the shredding process.

[0021] (2) The anti-blocking device of the present invention can effectively prevent the chopper from being blocked during high-load operation. Through reasonable structural design and control system optimization, the anti-blocking device can detect the working status of the chopper in real time. When a blocking trend is found, the cleaning mechanism is automatically activated to prevent equipment shutdown and ensure the continuity of operation.

[0022] (3) The present invention adopts an automatic knife sharpening device, which can automatically perform knife sharpening operations as needed. The introduction of the automatic knife sharpening device ensures that the chopper always maintains a sharp blade, improves the chopping effect, and reduces the time and cost of manual intervention and knife maintenance.

[0023] (4) The fixed blade cleaning device of the present invention can effectively remove grass clippings and debris accumulated on the surface of the blade, preventing grass clippings from clogging the blade, thereby ensuring cutting accuracy and efficiency. At the same time, the fixed blade cleaning device can also reduce the impact of grass clippings accumulation on other parts of the equipment, reducing the failure rate and maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0024] In summary, the multifunctional chopper of the present invention significantly improves the working performance and reliability of the chopper through a series of innovative designs, reduces the failure rate and maintenance costs of the equipment, improves the efficiency of silage operations, and has strong market application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed blade protection device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-blocking device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife sharpening device of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the knife sharpening drive device of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the limit hook structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed knife cleaning device of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure, 1. frame; 2. movable bottom plate; 3. bottom plate tension spring; 4. movable knife roller; 5. fixed knife protection device; 6. anti-blocking device; 7. knife sharpening device; 8. knife sharpening drive device; 9. fixed knife cleaning device; 11. rear bottom plate; 12. front bottom plate; 13. side plate; 14. upper cover plate; 15. grass baffle; 131. knife sharpening slideway; 132. reset clamping column; 21. knife sharpening device storage slot; 22. limit U-shaped hole; 23. movable bottom plate side plate; 24. Arc slide; 51. Fixed blade; 52. Ejector; 53. Ejector shaft; 54. Cylinder connecting shaft; 55. Fixed blade bracket; 56. Fixed blade tension spring; 57. Fixed blade shaft; 58. Adjusting screw; 551. Wedge-shaped drive plate; 61. Fixed blade speed sensor; 62. Drive speed sensor; 63. Overload protection component; 64. Anti-blocking cylinder; 65. Material blocking plate; 71. Grinding blade bracket; 72. Grinding block; 73. Grinding block compression spring; 74. Cover plate; 711 . Grinding block box; 712. Connecting shaft; 713. Adjusting shaft; 801. Encoder; 802. Slideway; 803. Sliding shaft compression spring; 804. Grinding cylinder; 805. Sliding shaft; 806. Guide wheel; 807. Connecting rod; 808. Pull rope; 809. Rocker; 810. Limit hook compression spring; 811. Reset torsion spring; 812. Limit torsion spring; 813. Limit sensor; 814. Limit hook; 815. Rocker arm; 816. Telescopic rod compression spring; 817. telescopic rod; 8141. reset plate; 8142. limit plate; 8143. limit rod; 8144. hook; 91. left limit plate; 92. left scraper; 93. right scraper; 94. scraper compression spring; 95. right limit plate; 96. compression spring fixing sleeve; 97. pressure plate; 911. wedge-shaped side plate; 912. left limit U-shaped hole; 921. short clamping column; 931. long clamping column; 951. right limit U-shaped hole; 952. passage U-shaped hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 8The present invention provides a technical solution: a multifunctional chopper adapted for a forage silage round baler, comprising a frame 1, a movable bottom plate 2, a bottom plate tension spring 3, a movable knife drum 4, an anti-blocking device 6, a fixed knife protection device 5, a knife sharpening device 7, a knife sharpening drive device 8 and a fixed knife cleaning device 9; the characteristics are as follows: the front end of the movable bottom plate 2 is hinged at the front lower part of the frame 1, and the two sides of the rear end are connected to the frame 1 through the bottom plate tension spring 3, so as to realize the automatic reset of the movable bottom plate 2 after it is opened downward; the two sides of the movable knife drum 4 are connected to the frame 1 in the form of a rotating pair, and the anti-blocking device 6 and the knife sharpening drive device 8 are installed on both sides of the frame 1; the fixed knife cleaning device 9 is installed under the movable bottom plate 2 for cleaning grass clippings and sundries on the fixed blade 51; the fixed knife protection device 5 is hinged at the front end of the movable bottom plate 2, located below the fixed knife cleaning device 9, for protecting the fixed blade 51; the knife sharpening device 7 is installed at the front end of the movable bottom plate 2, and the two sides are connected to the knife sharpening drive device 8, and the knife sharpening drive device 8 drives the knife sharpening device 7 to complete the knife sharpening operation.

[0028] The frame 1 comprises a rear bottom plate 11, a front bottom plate 12, a side plate 13, an upper cover plate 14 and a grass guard plate 15; the characteristics are as follows: the front bottom plate 12 and the rear bottom plate 11 are fixed between the two side plates 13, and are respectively located at the front lower part and the rear lower part of the side plate 13; the grass guard plate 15 is fixed at the rear lower part of the upper cover plate 14, and is located between the blades of the movable knife roller 4 to prevent the chopped grass from being brought back to the front of the chopper, so that the chopper has a forced conveying function; the upper cover plate 14 is installed on both sides above the side plate 13; a sharpening slide 131 and a reset clamping column 132 are provided on the side plate 13, the sharpening slide 131 provides a running track for the sharpening device 7, and the reset clamping column 132 plays a limiting role on the reset torsion spring 811.

[0029] The movable bottom plate 2 is provided with a knife sharpening device storage groove 21, a limiting U-shaped hole 22, a movable bottom plate side plate 23, and an arc-shaped slide 24; its characteristics are: the knife sharpening device storage groove 21 is located at the front end of the bottom plate 2, and is used to store the knife sharpening device 7 so that it does not interfere with the normal forage chopping operation when it is not sharpening; the movable bottom plate side plates 23 are located on both sides of the movable bottom plate 2, the limiting U-shaped hole 22 and the arc-shaped slide 24 are located on the movable bottom plate side plates 23, the limiting U-shaped hole 22 is located behind the arc-shaped slide 24, the arc-shaped slide 24 is used to limit the swing angle of the fixed knife protection device 5, and the limiting U-shaped hole 22 is used to limit the rotation angle of the limiting hook 814.

[0030] The fixed knife protection device 5 comprises a fixed knife blade 51, a push rod 52, a push rod rotating shaft 53, a cylinder connecting shaft 54, a fixed knife bracket 55, a fixed knife tension spring 56, a fixed knife rotating shaft 57 and an adjusting screw 58; the characteristics are as follows: the cylinder connecting shaft 54 ​​is fixed below the fixed knife bracket 55, the fixed knife rotating shaft 57 and the push rod rotating shaft 53 are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of the fixed knife bracket 55, and the two ends of the fixed knife rotating shaft 57 are connected to the front end of the movable bottom plate 2 in the form of a rotating pair, and the two ends of the push rod rotating shaft 53 are connected to the front end of the movable bottom plate 2 in the form of a rotating pair. The fixed blade 51 and the push rod 52 are respectively connected to the fixed blade shaft 57 and the push rod shaft 53 in the form of a rotating pair, and the upper end of the push rod 52 is pressed against the rear of the fixed blade 51, and the upper end of the push rod 52 can slide along the arc surface behind the fixed blade 51; one end of the fixed blade tension spring 56 is connected to the upper end of the push rod 52, and the other end is connected to the adjusting screw 58, which is installed on the movable bottom plate 2, and the tension of the fixed blade tension spring 56 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw 58.

[0031] The anti-blocking device 6 includes a fixed knife speed sensor 61, a driving speed sensor 62, an overload protection component 63, an anti-blocking cylinder 64 and a material baffle plate 65; its characteristics are as follows: the fixed knife speed sensor 61 and the overload protection component 63 are respectively connected to the two ends of the movable knife roller 4, wherein the fixed knife speed sensor 61 is fixed on the side plate 13, and is used to measure the speed of the movable knife roller 4; the driving speed sensor 62 is installed on the side plate 13, located next to the overload protection component 63, and is used for the speed of the overload protection component 63; one end of the anti-blocking cylinder 64 is hinged on the cylinder connecting shaft 54, and the other end is hinged on the side plate 13, which can control the swing of the fixed knife protection device 5; the upper part of the material baffle plate 65 is hinged in front of the rear bottom plate 11, and is connected to the rear end of the movable bottom plate 2 in the form of a moving pair, which can prevent leakage after the movable bottom plate 2 is opened.

[0032] The sharpening device 7 comprises a sharpening bracket 71, a grinding block 72, a grinding block compression spring 73 and a cover plate 75, wherein a plurality of grinding block boxes 711 are evenly distributed inside the sharpening bracket 71, and a connecting shaft 712 and an adjusting shaft 713 are respectively arranged at both ends; the grinding blocks 72 are staggeredly placed in the grinding block boxes 711 for sharpening the fixed blade 51; grinding block compression springs 73 are respectively installed at both ends to apply pressure to the grinding blocks 72 and enable the grinding blocks 72 to have a lateral fine-tuning function; the cover plate 75 is installed above the sharpening bracket 71 to limit the movement of the grinding blocks 72 in the vertical direction; the connecting shaft 712 and the adjusting shaft 713 are both installed in the sharpening slide 131 and run along the sharpening slide 131.

[0033] The knife sharpening drive device 8 comprises an encoder 801, a slideway 802, a sliding shaft compression spring 803, a knife sharpening cylinder 804, a sliding shaft 805, a guide wheel 806, a connecting rod 807, a pull rope 808, a rocker 809, a limit hook compression spring 810, a reset torsion spring 811, a limit torsion spring 812, a limit sensor 813, a limit hook 814, a rocker arm 815, a telescopic rod compression spring 816, and a telescopic rod 817, wherein the limit hook 814 is provided with a reset dial plate 8141, a limit dial plate 8142, a limit rod 8143 and a hook 8144; the upper end of the rocker arm 815 is hinged on the side plate 13, and the lower end is connected to the telescopic rod 817 in the form of a moving pair, the telescopic rod compression spring 816 is installed between the rocker arm 815 and the telescopic rod 817, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 817 is rotated The movable pair is connected to the connecting shaft 712, and the telescopic rod compression spring 816 applies a downward elastic force to the telescopic rod 817, so that when the sharpening device 7 runs to the front end of the sharpening slide 131, the telescopic rod 817 is ejected, and the sharpening device 7 runs to the sharpening device storage slot 21; the reset torsion spring 811 and the limit torsion spring 812 are both sleeved on the connecting shaft 712, and one end of each is fixed to the adjusting shaft 713, wherein the other end of the limit torsion spring 812 is connected to the telescopic rod 817, and applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft 713 to prevent the adjusting shaft 713 from entering the sharpening slide 131 corresponding to the connecting shaft 712 after the sharpening operation is completed; the other end of the reset torsion spring 811 is not fixed, and is limited by the reset clamping column 132. When the sharpening device 7 returns to the sharpening device storage slot 21, the reset clamping column 132 The adjusting shaft 713 applies a downward elastic force to make the sharpening device 7 swing downward, eliminating the obstruction to the shredding operation; the encoder 801 is fixed on the side plate 13 and connected to the upper end of the rocker arm 815, and is used to measure the rotation angle of the rocker arm 815; the slideway 802 is fixed on the side plate 13, and is connected to the sliding shaft 805 in the form of a moving pair, and a sliding shaft compression spring 803 is installed inside the slideway 802, located in front of the sliding shaft 805, so that the sliding shaft 805 automatically resets after sliding forward; one end of the sharpening cylinder 804 is hinged to the sliding shaft 805, and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm 815, driving the sliding shaft 805 to slide and the rocker arm 815 to swing; one end of the connecting rod 807 is hinged to the sliding shaft 805, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the rocker arm 809, and the middle part of the rocker arm 809 is hinged to the side plate 13, used to toggle the limit hook 814 to rotate; one end of the pull rope 808 is connected to the adjustment shaft 713, and after passing around the upper end of the rocker arm 815 and the guide wheel 806, the other end is connected to the sliding shaft 805, used to control the contraction of the telescopic rod 817; the limit hook 814 is hinged on the side plate 13, located beside the upper end of the arc slide 24, the limit rod 8143 is located in the limit U-shaped hole 22, and the limit hook compression spring 810 is installed on the limit rod 8143, located between the limit hook 814 and the limit U-shaped hole 22, so that the limit rod 8143 can only be located at both ends of the limit U-shaped hole 22; the reset dial plate 8141 is located below the lower end of the rocker 809, and the limit dial plate 8142 is located behind the lower end of the rocker 809, and the two change the posture of the limit hook 814 with the movement of the rocker 809;The limit sensor 813 is installed on the movable bottom plate 2, located below the limit U-shaped hole 22, and is used to detect the posture of the limit hook 814. ;

[0034] The fixed blade cleaning device 9 comprises a left limit plate 91, a left scraper 92, a right scraper 93, a scraper compression spring 94, a right limit plate 95, a compression spring fixing sleeve 96, and a pressure plate 97, wherein the left limit plate 91 is provided with a left limit U-shaped hole 912, the right limit plate 95 is provided with a right limit U-shaped hole 951 and a pass U-shaped hole 952, short clamping columns 921 are provided below the two ends of the left scraper 92, and long clamping columns 931 are provided below the two ends of the right scraper 93; the left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93 are closely attached to the bottom of the movable bottom plate 2, and are respectively fixed on both sides of the fixed blade 51, and the outer side of the outermost left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93 is installed with a scraper compression spring 94, and the outer side is installed with a compression spring fixing sleeve 96, and the compression spring fixing sleeve 97 is installed. 6 is pressed against the side plate 23 of the movable bottom plate, and a scraper compression spring 94 is installed between the remaining left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93, so that the left scraper 92 is subjected to a rightward elastic force, and the right scraper 93 is subjected to a leftward elastic force; the right limit plate 95 and the left limit plate 91 are closely attached to the lower part of the left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93 in turn, the short clamping column 921 is stuck in the left limit U-shaped hole 912, and the long clamping column 931 passes through the passing U-shaped hole 952 and is stuck in the right limit U-shaped hole 951, the right limit plate 95 can drive the left scraper 92 to move to the left, and the left limit plate 91 can drive the right scraper 93 to move to the right; the pressure plate 97 is fixed on the movable bottom plate 2 and closely attached to the lower part of the left limit plate 91, and is used to fix the fixed knife cleaning device 9.

[0035] A wedge-shaped side plate 911 is disposed on the side of the left limiting plate 91 and the right limiting plate 95 , and the wedge-shaped side plate 911 is in a shape of being lower on the inside and higher on the outside when downward.

[0036] Wedge-shaped driving plates 551 are arranged on both sides of the fixed knife bracket 55. The wedge-shaped driving plates 551 are shaped upward with the inner side lower and the outer side higher, corresponding to the wedge-shaped side plates 911, and can be inserted between the movable bottom plate side plates 23 and the wedge-shaped side plates 911, thereby driving the right limit plate 95 to move leftward and the left limit plate 91 to move rightward.

[0037] Working principle of the present invention:

[0038] (1) Working principle of grass chopping: When the chopper is working, the picker continuously transports the grass to the chopper, and the moving knife drum 4 transports the grass backward. The fixed blade 51 located between the blades of the moving knife drum 4 completes the chopping of the grass, and the chopped grass is sent to the rear. The grass baffle 15 is located between the blades of the moving knife drum 4 to prevent the chopped grass from being brought back to the front of the chopper from above by the moving knife drum 4, so that the chopper has a forced conveying function.

[0039] (2) Working principle of the knife protection device: When a foreign object enters the shredder, the movable knife roller 4 transports it backwards. When the foreign object contacts the fixed blade 51, the fixed blade 51 is subjected to a backward force, and the upper end of the push rod 52 slides upward along the arc surface behind the fixed blade 51. The fixed blade tension spring 56 is stretched, and the fixed blade 51 retracts under the movable bottom plate 2. When the foreign object passes through, the force exerted on the fixed blade 51 by the foreign object disappears, the fixed blade tension spring 56 contracts, and the upper end of the push rod 52 slides downward along the arc surface behind the fixed blade 51, and the fixed blade 51 swings upward to reset.

[0040] (3) Working principle of the anti-blocking device: When the shredder shows a tendency to be blocked, slippage occurs inside the overload protection component 63, and the rotation speed of the movable knife drum 4 is less than that of the overload protection component 63. The rotation speed data detected by the fixed knife rotation speed sensor 61 and the driving rotation speed sensor 62 are transmitted to the controller. The controller controls the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to extend, first driving the fixed knife protection device 5 to swing downward, and all the fixed blades 51 are retracted under the movable bottom plate 2. When the top rod shaft 53 runs to the lower end of the arc-shaped slide 24, it further drives the movable bottom plate 2 to swing downward. During this process, when the rotation speed of the movable knife drum 4 is restored, the controller controls the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to retract, and the movable bottom plate 2 and the fixed knife protection device 5 are reset.

[0041] (4) Working principle of the knife sharpening device: During knife sharpening, each grinding block box 711 corresponds to a fixed blade 51, and the staggered grinding blocks 72 sandwich the blade in the middle. The grinding block compression spring 73 applies pressure to the grinding block 72 so that the grinding block 72 has a lateral fine-tuning function, so that the grinding block 72 can be close to the blade; driven by the knife sharpening drive device 8, the grinding block 72 moves back and forth on the blade of the fixed blade 51 to sharpen the blade. During the sharpening process, the fixed blade protection device 5 provides pressure to the fixed blade 51, so that it can be sharpened quickly and without missing any part.

[0042] (5) Working principle of the knife sharpening drive device: The knife sharpening operation must be completed after the shredding operation stops. When the knife is blunted, the automatic knife sharpening function is started, and the knife sharpening cylinder 804 is retracted first. Since the knife sharpening device 7 is still stuck at the front end of the knife sharpening slide 131, the front end of the knife sharpening cylinder 804 is fixed, and the rear end drives the sliding shaft 805 to move forward. The sliding shaft 805 first pulls the adjustment shaft 713 through the pull rope 808 to swing upward, and then pulls the sharpening device 7 and the telescopic rod 817 to move upward; at the same time, the sliding shaft 805 drives the rocking rod 809 to swing counterclockwise through the connecting rod 807, the limit plate 8142 is pushed backward by the lower end of the rocking rod 809, the limit hook 814 rotates clockwise, the limit rod 8143 swings to the lower end of the limit U-shaped hole 22, the limit hook compression spring 810 is first compressed and then restored, and the limit hook 814 is fixed in this posture, and the hook 8144 is hooked on the end of the top rod rotating shaft 53, fixing the movable bottom plate 2 and the fixed knife protection device 5 together. The limit sensor 813 detects that the limit rod 8143 swings to the lower end of the limit U-shaped hole 22. At this time, the controller controls the sharpening cylinder 804 to stop and the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to extend, and the movable bottom plate 2 and the fixed knife protection device 5 swing downward synchronously to leave space for the operation of the sharpening device 7. When the knife sharpening device 7 is swung to the set position, the controller controls the anti-blocking oil cylinder 64 to stop and the knife sharpening oil cylinder 804 to continue to shrink, pulling the knife sharpening device 7 and the telescopic rod 817 to continue to move upward, and then enter the arc-shaped part of the knife sharpening slide 131. The controller controls the knife sharpening device 7 to reciprocate only in the arc-shaped part of the knife sharpening slide 131 through the swing angle of the rocker arm 815 detected by the encoder 801, and performs the knife sharpening operation. When the knife sharpening operation is completed, the controller controls the knife sharpening device 7 to enter the front end of the knife sharpening slide 131, and the telescopic rod compression spring 816 ejects the telescopic rod 817, and the knife sharpening device 7 moves downward, and the reset clamp 132 acts on one end of the reset torsion spring 811, so that the adjustment shaft 713 swings downward to complete the reset. At this time, the sliding shaft 805 and the rocker arm 809 have been reset, the controller controls the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to shrink, the movable bottom plate 2 and the fixed knife protection device 5 swing upward synchronously, the lower end of the rocker arm 809 contacts the reset dial plate 8141, and applies a downward force to the reset dial plate 8141, so that the limit hook 814 rotates clockwise, and the limit rod 8143 swings to the upper end of the limit U-shaped hole 22. The limit hook compression spring 810 is first compressed and then restored, fixing the limit hook 814 in this posture, and the hook 8144 leaves the end of the top rod shaft 53 to complete the reset.

[0043] (6) Working principle of the fixed blade cleaning device: The fixed blade cleaning device 9 and the blocking release device 6 operate synchronously or separately. When the anti-blocking oil cylinder 64 is extended, the fixed blade bracket 55 swings downward, the wedge-shaped driving plate 551 inserted between the movable bottom plate side plate 23 and the wedge-shaped side plate 911 is pulled out, the right limit plate 95 moves to the right, the left limit plate 91 moves to the left, the left scraper 92 and the right scraper 93 lose their limiting function, and are tightly attached to both sides of the fixed blade 51 under the action of the scraper compression spring 94. During the up and down swinging of the fixed blade 51, the grass clippings and debris on both sides are scraped away, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the fixed blade 51. When the anti-blocking oil cylinder 64 is retracted to the end, the wedge-shaped driving plate 551 is inserted between the movable bottom plate side plate 23 and the wedge-shaped side plate 911, thereby driving the right limit plate 95 to move to the left and the left limit plate 91 to move to the right, thereby driving the left scraper 92 to move to the left and the right scraper 93 to move to the right, and completing the reset. Therefore, the device and the blocking release device 6 operate synchronously, and can also be operated by manually operating the anti-blocking cylinder 64 to extend and retract.

[0044] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to the professional and technical personnel in this field. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments to be modified, or some of the technical features thereof to be replaced by equivalents, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional chopper adapted for a forage silage round baler, comprising a frame (1), a movable bottom plate (2), a bottom plate tension spring (3), a movable knife roller (4), an anti-blocking device (6), a fixed knife protection device (5), a knife sharpening device (7), a knife sharpening drive device (8) and a fixed knife cleaning device (9); the characteristics are: The front end of the movable bottom plate (2) is hinged at the front lower part of the frame (1), and the two sides of the rear end are connected to the frame (1) through the bottom plate tension spring (3); the two sides of the movable knife roller (4) are connected to the frame (1) in the form of a rotating pair, the anti-blocking device (6) and the knife sharpening drive device (8) are installed on both sides of the frame (1), and the fixed knife cleaning device (9) is installed below the movable bottom plate (2); the fixed knife protection device (5) is hinged at the front end of the movable bottom plate (2) and is located below the fixed knife cleaning device (9); the knife sharpening device (7) is installed at the front end of the movable bottom plate (2), and the two sides are connected to the knife sharpening drive device (8); The frame (1) comprises a rear bottom plate (11), a front bottom plate (12), a side plate (13), an upper cover plate (14) and a grass guard plate (15); the front bottom plate (12) and the rear bottom plate (11) are fixed between the two side plates (13), and are respectively located at the front lower part and the rear lower part of the side plates (13); the grass guard plate (15) is fixed at the rear lower part of the upper cover plate (14), and is located between the blades of the moving knife roller (4); the upper cover plate (14) is installed on both sides above the side plates (13); the side plates (13) are provided with a knife sharpening slideway (131) and a reset clamping column (132); The movable bottom plate (2) is provided with a knife sharpening device storage groove (21), a limiting U-shaped hole (22), a movable bottom plate side plate (23), and an arc-shaped slideway (24); the characteristics are: the knife sharpening device storage groove (21) is located at the front end of the bottom plate (2), the movable bottom plate side plates (23) are located on both sides of the movable bottom plate (2), the limiting U-shaped hole (22) and the arc-shaped slideway (24) are located on the movable bottom plate side plates (23), and the limiting U-shaped hole (22) is located behind the arc-shaped slideway (24); The fixed knife protection device (5) comprises a fixed knife blade (51), a push rod (52), a push rod rotating shaft (53), a cylinder connecting shaft (54), a fixed knife bracket (55), a fixed knife tension spring (56), a fixed knife rotating shaft (57) and an adjusting screw (58); the fixed knife protection device (5) is characterized in that: the cylinder connecting shaft (54) is fixed below the fixed knife bracket (55), the fixed knife rotating shaft (57) and the push rod rotating shaft (53) are respectively mounted at the front end and the rear end of the fixed knife bracket (55), and the two ends of the fixed knife rotating shaft (57) are connected to the front end of the movable bottom plate (2) in the form of a rotating pair. , both ends of the push rod rotating shaft (53) are connected in the arc-shaped slideway (24) in the form of a moving pair; the fixed blade (51) and the push rod (52) are respectively connected to the fixed blade rotating shaft (57) and the push rod rotating shaft (53) in the form of a rotating pair, and the upper end of the push rod (52) is pressed against the rear of the fixed blade (51), and the upper end of the push rod (52) can slide along the arc surface behind the fixed blade (51); one end of the fixed blade tension spring (56) is connected to the upper end of the push rod (52), and the other end is connected to the adjusting screw (58), and the adjusting screw (58) is installed on the movable bottom plate (2); The anti-blocking device (6) comprises a fixed knife speed sensor (61), a driving speed sensor (62), an overload protection component (63), an anti-blocking oil cylinder (64) and a material baffle plate (65); the characteristics are as follows: the fixed knife speed sensor (61) and the overload protection component (63) are respectively connected to the two ends of the movable knife roller (4), wherein the fixed knife speed sensor (61) is fixed on the side plate (13); the driving speed sensor (62) is installed on the side plate (13) and is located next to the overload protection component (63); one end of the anti-blocking oil cylinder (64) is hinged on the oil cylinder connecting shaft (54), and the other end is hinged on the side plate (13); the upper part of the material baffle plate (65) is hinged on the front of the rear bottom plate (11), and is connected to the rear end of the movable bottom plate (2) in the form of a moving pair.

2. The multifunctional chopper adapted for a forage silage round baler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife sharpening device (7) comprises a knife sharpening support (71), a grinding block (72), a grinding block compression spring (73) and a cover plate (75), wherein a plurality of grinding block boxes (711) are evenly distributed inside the knife sharpening support (71), and a connecting shaft (712) and an adjusting shaft (713) are respectively arranged at both ends; the grinding blocks (72) are staggeredly arranged inside the grinding block boxes (711), and a grinding block compression spring (73) is respectively installed at both ends; the cover plate (75) is installed above the knife sharpening support (71), and the connecting shaft (712) and the adjusting shaft (713) are both installed in the knife sharpening slideway (131).

3. The multifunctional chopper adapted for a forage silage round baler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The knife sharpening drive device (8) comprises an encoder (801), a slideway (802), a sliding shaft compression spring (803), a knife sharpening oil cylinder (804), a sliding shaft (805), a guide wheel (806), a connecting rod (807), a pull rope (808), a rocker (809), a limit hook compression spring (810), a reset torsion spring (811), a limit torsion spring (812), a limit sensor (813), a limit hook (814), a rocker arm (815), a telescopic rod compression spring (816), and a telescopic rod (817), wherein the limit hook (814) is provided with a reset dial plate (8141), a limit dial plate (8142), a limit rod (8143), and a hook (8144). The upper end of the rocker arm (815) is hinged on the side plate (13), and the lower end is connected to the telescopic rod (817) in the form of a movable pair. The telescopic rod compression spring (816) is installed between the rocker arm (815) and the telescopic rod (817), and the lower end of the telescopic rod (817) is connected to the connecting shaft (712) in the form of a rotating pair. The reset torsion spring (811) and the limit torsion spring (812) are both sleeved on the connecting shaft (712), and one end of each is fixed to the adjusting shaft (713), wherein the other end of the limit torsion spring (812) is connected to the telescopic rod (817) to apply an upward elastic force to the adjusting shaft (713), and the other end of the reset torsion spring (811) is not fixed and is limited by the reset clamping column (132); The encoder (801) is fixed on the side plate (13) and connected to the upper end of the rocker arm (815); the slideway (802) is fixed on the side plate (13) and connected to the sliding shaft (805) in the form of a moving pair, and a sliding shaft compression spring (803) is installed inside the slideway (802) and is located in front of the sliding shaft (805); one end of the sharpening cylinder (804) is hinged to the sliding shaft (805), and the other end is hinged to the rocker arm (815); one end of the connecting rod (807) is hinged to the sliding shaft (805), and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the rocker arm (809), and the middle part of the rocker arm (809) is hinged to the side plate (13); one end of the pull rope (808) is connected to the adjusting shaft (713) ), bypasses the upper end of the rocker arm (815) and the guide wheel (806), and the other end is connected to the sliding shaft (805); the limit hook (814) is hinged on the side plate (13), and is located beside the upper end of the arc slideway (24); the limit rod (8143) is located in the limit U-shaped hole (22); the limit hook compression spring (810) is installed on the limit rod (8143), and is located between the limit hook (814) and the limit U-shaped hole (22); the reset plate (8141) is located below the lower end of the rocker arm (809); and the limit plate (8142) is located behind the lower end of the rocker arm (809); the limit sensor (813) is installed on the movable bottom plate (2), and is located below the limit U-shaped hole (22).

4. The multifunctional chopper adapted for a forage silage round baler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed blade cleaning device (9) comprises a left limit plate (91), a left scraper (92), a right scraper (93), a scraper compression spring (94), a right limit plate (95), a compression spring fixing sleeve (96), and a pressure plate (97), wherein the left limit plate (91) is provided with a left limit U-shaped hole (912), the right limit plate (95) is provided with a right limit U-shaped hole (951) and a passage U-shaped hole (952), short clamping columns (921) are provided below both ends of the left scraper (92), and long clamping columns (931) are provided below both ends of the right scraper (93); the left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93) are closely attached to the bottom of the movable bottom plate (2), and are respectively fixed to both sides of the fixed blade (51), with the outermost A scraper compression spring (94) is installed on the outer side of the left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93), and a compression spring fixing sleeve (96) is installed on the outer side. The outer side of the compression spring fixing sleeve (96) is pressed against the side plate (23) of the movable bottom plate, and the scraper compression spring (94) is installed between the remaining left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93); the right limit plate (95) and the left limit plate (91) are respectively closely attached to the lower side of the left scraper (92) and the right scraper (93), the short clamping column (921) is clamped in the left limit U-shaped hole (912), and the long clamping column (931) passes through the passage U-shaped hole (952) and is clamped in the right limit U-shaped hole (951); the pressure plate (97) is fixed on the movable bottom plate (2) and is closely attached to the lower side of the left limit plate (91).

5. The multifunctional chopper suitable for a forage silage round baler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left limiting plate (91) and the right limiting plate (95) are provided with wedge-shaped side plates (911) on their sides, and the wedge-shaped side plates (911) are shaped downward with the inner side lower and the outer side higher.

6. The multifunctional chopper suitable for a forage silage round baler according to claim 5, characterized in that: Wedge-shaped drive plates (551) are provided on both sides of the fixed knife bracket (55). The wedge-shaped drive plates (551) are upwardly shaped with the inner side lower and the outer side higher, corresponding to the wedge-shaped side plates (911), and can be inserted between the movable bottom plate side plates (23) and the wedge-shaped side plates (911).

Images