Directional skin expander customization method and device, equipment and medium
Through the design of directional skin dilator, using three-dimensional data and compartment drainage plate technology, the problem of limited application of traditional skin dilator in complex anatomical areas and cavity areas is solved, achieving a more efficient, controllable and safe skin dilation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510222345.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
Smart Images
Figure CN120036951A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic and cosmetic surgery, and particularly to a method, device, equipment and medium for customizing a directional skin expander. Background Art
[0002] A skin expander is an important medical device widely used in the medical field, especially in burn repair, plastic and cosmetic surgery, wound repair and treatment of functional injuries. Its core function is to gradually inject an inflation liquid (such as normal saline), so that the skin covering the surface of the expander stretches as the expander expands, thereby inducing the growth of new skin tissue. This technology can provide high-quality autologous tissue for wound repair, avoiding the rejection problems and insufficient aesthetics that may be brought about by skin grafting surgery. However, in actual clinical applications, traditional skin expanders face a series of adaptability and functionality challenges.
[0003] Currently, the prior art mainly uses two types of skin expanders for treatment: ordinary expanders and customized expanders. These two types of expanders have significant differences in design concepts and adaptability, and each has certain advantages and limitations.
[0004] 1. Limitations of Ordinary Expanders Ordinary expanders are the most common type of expanders in the industry, and they have the following characteristics: (1) Mass production and low price: Ordinary expanders usually adopt a large-scale and standardized production method, so their production costs are low, and the market price is relatively economical, which can meet the cost-sensitive medical needs.
[0005] (2) Single shape and poor adaptability: Most ordinary expanders adopt a general structure design, such as circular, oval or rectangular, and use these standard geometric shapes for skin expansion to meet basic medical needs. However, due to the standardized design not being able to be optimized for the specific wound shape, location or physiological structure of individual patients, problems of insufficient adaptability are shown in actual implantation and use. For example: 1) For irregular wounds, ordinary expanders may not be able to cover or match the skin around the wound well, and the effective expansion area is greatly reduced.
[0006] 2) In complex anatomical sites, such as the head and neck, joint sites or cavity structures (such as eye sockets, subnasal regions), the shape and performance of ordinary expanders often have obvious limitations and it is difficult to achieve the expected skin expansion effect.
[0007] (3) Due to poor adaptability, ordinary expanders may generate ineffective expansion force during inflation, resulting in an offset of the inflation direction or uneven pressure distribution, thereby affecting the quality of the new tissue and the patient's comfort.
[0008] (4)Although ordinary expanders are inexpensive and have a high penetration rate, they can no longer meet the requirements for complex wound repair and fine functional needs due to their poor application effects in specific anatomical sites.
[0009] 2. Development and deficiencies of customized expanders To overcome the problem of poor adaptability of ordinary expanders, customized expanders designed and manufactured according to the individual needs of patients have gradually emerged in recent years. Compared with ordinary expanders, customized expanders have the following characteristics: (1)Based on individualized customization: Customized expanders can be designed with exclusive dimensions and shapes according to the specific anatomical structure, wound shape or lesion site of the patient, thus improving adaptability. For example, a three-dimensional expander that conforms to the neck curve is designed according to the recovery needs of a patient with neck burns.
[0010] (2)Improving shape adaptability: Different from ordinary expanders with standardized geometric shapes, customized expanders can better fit into complex anatomical environments and provide better solutions for wound repair in special sites.
[0011] However, it should also be pointed out that the existing customized expander technology still has some significant limitations, making it fail to reach an ideal state in solving clinical problems: (1)Only customized based on appearance: 1)Current customized expanders focus more on adjusting the appearance to adapt to the geometric characteristics of the patient's wound, such as imitating the length, width and overall contour of the patient's wound. However, this customized design based only on shape matching can only partially improve the matching degree during implantation and cannot solve problems caused by the anatomical characteristics of the surgical position or complex mechanical environments, such as uncontrollable expansion direction, insufficient support for cavity tissues or limited effective skin expansion.
[0012] 2)In complex anatomical environments (such as near cavity areas, mobile parts or around functional organs), customized expanders may also have problems of uneven expansion force distribution or pressure leakage due to the lack of a mechanism to optimize the expansion mechanical properties.
[0013] (2)High price but limited effect: The production process of customized expanders usually requires multiple steps, including patient data collection, computer-aided modeling (CAD), 3D printing mold manufacturing and even final product production. Due to its complex personalized manufacturing process and long production cycle, the cost of customized expanders is significantly higher than that of ordinary expanders, generally twice or more that of ordinary expanders, but it can only meet shape customization and has limited effects.
[0014] (3)Unable to overcome traditional technical bottlenecks: Although customized expanders can be designed according to local conditions in terms of shape, they cannot fundamentally solve other core problems existing in the traditional skin expander technology itself. For example: 1) There is a lack of support in the cavity anatomical site, and it is impossible to avoid the expander expanding into the cavity.
[0015] 2) It expands downward due to the influence of gravity.
[0016] 3) The ineffective inflation rate is relatively high (a large amount of injected liquid fails to effectively promote the skin stretching in the target area).
[0017] 4) Ineffective expansion leads to the extension of the incision scar and difficulty in covering the wound surface, increasing the difficulty of postoperative recovery.
[0018] In summary, due to the important design principle of the existing customized expander still being limited to "shape customization" and the key technical deficiencies not being improved, it is impossible to significantly improve the clinical application effect, and at the same time, it causes an increase in economic burden. This greatly limits its popularization and application in medical practice.
[0019] Combined with the above situation, whether it is a common expander or the existing customized expander, they still face the following main problems in clinical application: 1. Limited clinical application in the cavity site When repairing wounds in cavity sites such as the eye socket, oral cavity, and neck, due to the lack of sufficient tissue and rigid support in these cavity sites, the expansion of the expander will be affected by the cavity characteristics during water injection expansion. The specific manifestations are as follows: During the process of injecting liquid, it is difficult to effectively control the expansion direction of the expander. Part of the injected liquid is pushed towards the cavity direction, causing the expander to tend to expand along the path of least resistance, resulting in the expansion effect not meeting the design expectations.
[0020] Since the force of the expander expansion acts on the inside of the cavity rather than being mainly transmitted to the target direction, the effective expansion amount of the surrounding tissue is significantly reduced. This will directly lead to insufficient skin generation, and ultimately, it is impossible to provide enough skin flaps to cover the wound surface.
[0021] In addition, the cavity area has a complex structure, the surrounding soft tissue is relatively thin and the tissue elasticity is limited. During over-expansion, mechanical damage or even tissue necrosis may occur due to the local tissue being difficult to bear the pressure.
[0022] For the above reasons, in clinical scenarios such as eye socket reconstruction, oral mucosa defect repair, and neck deep burn treatment, the application of traditional expanders is severely limited, which directly affects the treatment effect of patients and the doctor's choice.
[0023] 2. Usage obstacles in areas with insufficient skin volume When wounds occur around functional organs (such as eyes, nose, and corners of mouth), traditional expanders present the following problems because there is relatively little area available for skin expansion in these areas: During surgery, expanders are usually implanted close to the wound surface to maximize the coverage efficiency of the expanded skin flap. However, the space around functional organs is very limited. The expansion direction of traditional expanders is uncontrollable, and more ineffective expansion directly affects the implantation design and available volume of the expander, thereby limiting the range of skin that can be expanded.
[0024] In the above cases, traditional expanders are usually forced to be implanted far away from the wound surface, and the wound surface is covered by a distal skin flap. This design requires additional consideration of a large range of tissue retraction adjustments, resulting in a large incision during clinical surgery, extending the surgical path and increasing the risk of tissue displacement.
[0025] Patient psychological and aesthetic issues: Long incisions and complex scar coverage paths often bring negative aesthetic feelings and psychological burdens to patients, and may also increase postoperative recovery time; therefore, some patients choose to directly give up skin expansion surgery and turn to skin grafting surgery, which is more invasive, has limited effects, and may be accompanied by a longer recovery period.
[0026] These problems have greatly limited the popularity of traditional expanders in the field of functional organ wound repair and affected the acceptance of this technology by doctors and patients.
[0027] 3. Influence of wound morphology complexity Some complex or irregular wound surfaces further reveal the shortcomings of traditional expanders in design and practicality: Poor adaptability to irregular shapes: Wounds come in a variety of shapes, some are simple regular shapes (such as round, oval), but more are irregular or even complex geometric shapes. Traditional expanders are usually implanted in an adjacent placement (i.e., close to the wound). Even if expanders can be designed to match the shape of the wound to a certain extent, this design is still difficult to avoid the inherent problem of ineffective expansion (i.e., the amount of skin that cannot be used to actually cover the wound) in principle.
[0028] Limited operational difficulty: When the irregular wound area is large or distributed in multiple anatomical planes, it is often necessary to use multiple expanders at a time or repeatedly adjust the treatment plan, but this significantly increases the complexity of the operation and the consumption of medical resources.
[0029] Scars and poor visual effects: Even if the wound is successfully covered, an unreasonable incision path will still cause long scars and other adverse postoperative manifestations. Many patients are dissatisfied with the final results, which affects the widespread use of this technology in the field of aesthetics and plastic surgery.
[0030] 4. Other potential problems In addition to the above key limitations, traditional expanders also have some drawbacks that affect their practicality: Uneven liquid distribution and force application: In traditional skin expansion techniques, it is difficult to strictly control the direction of liquid injection for expansion, resulting in possible local concentration of injection pressure rather than uniform distribution. This may not only lead to excessive local soft tissue stress but also induce local tissue ischemic necrosis, which goes against the original intention of wound repair.
[0031] Insufficient design versatility: Many traditional expander products are not optimized for specific anatomical structures but adopt a more general and standardized design, which shows problems such as poor adaptability and difficulty in operation in specific parts (such as the head and neck) or scenarios with high functional requirements.
[0032] Infection risk and increased cost: The operational complexity, multi-stage treatment requirements, and tissue displacement operations increase the risk of infection or complications, and also significantly increase the overall treatment cost.
[0033] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to address the limitations of traditional expanders, go beyond the single customization idea of "shape optimization" in the past, and achieve a more efficient, intelligent, and anatomically adaptable solution through multi-dimensional optimization to meet the increasingly refined needs of modern medicine. Summary of the Invention
[0034] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment, and medium for customizing a directional skin expander to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned existing technology, which can accurately match complex anatomical regions, achieve high efficiency, controllability, and safety, improve the treatment effect, and enhance the individualized medical experience.
[0035] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for customizing a directional skin expander is provided, including the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the three-dimensional surface data and skin data of the target patient; Step S2: Based on the three-dimensional surface data, determine the lesion data and the data of the surrounding area of the lesion; the data of the surrounding area of the lesion indicates the data of the skin around the lesion that meets the preset conditions; Step S3: Based on the lesion data, determine the target part involved in the lesion; Step S4: Based on the target part, determine the structural scheme of the skin expander; Step S5: Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the lesion data, the data of the surrounding area of the lesion, and the skin data to determine the initial parameters of the skin expander; Step S6: Perform simulated expansion based on the initial parameters of the skin expander, determine whether the initial parameters need to be corrected, and if so, correct the initial parameters to obtain target parameters; Step S7: Perform modeling based on the target parameters to obtain a target expander.
[0036] In an exemplary embodiment, the step S4 includes: Based on the target site, determine the thickening scheme of the expansion sac in the skin expander and the setting scheme of the interlayer drainage plate in the expansion sac.
[0037] In an exemplary embodiment, the thickening scheme specifically includes: Based on the target site, determine whether there is a cavity; the cavity indicates that there is no supporting bone hindering the expansion of the expansion sac into the human body; In the case where there is the cavity, thicken the surface of the expansion sac close to the cavity and the surface of the expansion sac extending in the direction of gravity; in the case where there is no cavity, only thicken the surface of the expansion sac extending in the direction of gravity.
[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, the setting scheme specifically includes: Based on the target site and the positional relationship between the lesion and the target site, determine the setting quantity and setting direction of the interlayer drainage plate.
[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, the step S4 further includes: Based on the lesion shape in the lesion data, determine whether to set a partition plate in the expansion sac; In the case where it is determined that the partition plate is set in the expansion sac, add corresponding liquid path conduits and injection pots so as to independently expand the areas separated by the partition plate in the expansion sac.
[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the step S5 includes: Based on the skin data, determine the skin expansion prediction value; Perform comprehensive analysis on the lesion data, the data around the lesion, and the skin expansion prediction value to determine the initial shape, initial area, and initial thickness of the expansion sac in the skin expander, and the initial position and initial thickness of the interlayer drainage plate, so as to obtain the initial parameters of the skin expander.
[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, the S6 includes: Perform simulated expansion based on the initial parameters of the skin expander to obtain a simulated expansion result; Based on the simulated expansion result, perform a stress analysis to determine the compression condition of the skin; In the case where the compression of the skin is higher than a preset threshold, perform curvature adjustment on the skin expander corresponding to the skin with compression higher than the preset threshold to obtain a curvature adjustment result; Based on the curvature adjustment result, correct the initial parameters of the skin expander to obtain the target parameters.
[0042] According to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a customized device for a directional skin expander, which is implemented by using the directional skin expander customization method as described in any one of the above, and the device includes: A data acquisition module, configured to acquire three-dimensional body surface data and skin data of a target patient; A lesion determination module, configured to determine lesion data and lesion peripheral data based on the three-dimensional body surface data; the lesion peripheral data indicates data of the skin around the lesion that meets a preset condition; A site determination module, configured to determine a target site involved in the lesion based on the lesion data; A structure determination module, configured to determine a structural scheme of the skin expander based on the target site; A comprehensive analysis module, configured to comprehensively analyze the lesion data, the lesion peripheral data, and the skin data to determine the initial parameters of the skin expander; A simulation expansion module, configured to perform simulation expansion based on the initial parameters of the skin expander to determine whether the initial parameters need to be corrected. If so, correct the initial parameters to obtain target parameters; A target expander acquisition module, configured to perform modeling based on the target parameters to obtain a target expander.
[0043] According to the third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, where at least one instruction or at least one program segment is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction or the at least one program segment is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the directional skin expander customization method as described in any one of the above.
[0044] According to the fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, where at least one instruction or at least one program segment is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one instruction or the at least one program segment is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the directional skin expander customization method as described in any one of the above.
[0045] Adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Perform personalized customization for different specific sites, improving adaptability and applicability (1)By means of personalized skin expanders designed specifically for different functional parts (such as areas around the eyes, nose, mouth, neck, etc.), the special needs of different anatomical structures and lesion sites can be precisely matched.
[0046] (2)It solves the limitations caused by the single structure and inappropriate functions of traditional expanders in the use of complex anatomical areas (such as around cavities, irregular wound surfaces), and significantly improves the adaptability.
[0047] 2. Precise control of the expansion direction to avoid the risks caused by ineffective expansion (1)The expansion sac is designed with a thickened structure on the surface close to the cavity and the extension surface affected by gravity. This unique design can effectively prevent the ineffective expansion of the expansion sac into the cavity, avoid damaging the internal structure and resulting in insufficient skin generation, and can prevent the ineffective skin displacement caused by the downward expansion direction affected by gravity, thus ensuring the quality and usability of the expanded skin.
[0048] (2)By setting up a partition drainage plate, the flow and pressure distribution of the expansion liquid in the sac can be controlled, so that specific areas receive more expansion force, thereby achieving precise directional expansion. It can direct the skin expansion towards a direction more in line with the treatment goal according to the actual needs of the lesion site, meeting the requirements of complex lesion repair. Moreover, since the expansion rates of different regions in the expansion sac are different, the injection volume or pressure of the expansion liquid can be adjusted according to the lesion location and the characteristics of the surrounding skin, making the resource utilization more reasonable, effectively avoiding unnecessary skin stretching during the overall expansion process, thereby reducing tissue damage and the discomfort of the patient. In addition, by assigning different expansion rates to each region, it can adapt to complex lesion shapes and local anatomical characteristics, such as repairing large lesions covering irregular shapes or for multi-directional repair requirement scenarios. This technology greatly improves the flexibility and applicability of the expander in diverse application scenarios. Due to the presence of the partition drainage plate, the pressure distribution in each region is more uniform and controllable, which helps to avoid problems such as excessive pressure on the surrounding tissues and blood circulation obstruction caused by overexpansion, improving the safety of the expansion device. At the same time, it can also reduce the problem of uneven skin deformation caused by unplanned expansion, thereby improving the postoperative aesthetic effect.
[0049] This precise direction control not only improves the reliability of the surgery, but also avoids unnecessary trauma or adverse surgical results that may be caused by traditional expanders.
[0050] 3. Zonal control of the expansion area to improve the expansion efficiency and reduce secondary injuries (1)Zonal expansion optimizes the area utilization By setting up isolation plates, the expansion sac is divided into different regions, and the expansion area, speed, and intensity of each region can be independently controlled. This partition design can precisely adjust the expansion parameters of each region according to the specific lesion shape and location that needs to be repaired after surgery, thereby avoiding unnecessary redundant expansion, making the most of the limited skin resources, and improving the expansion efficiency.
[0051] (2)Shorten the expansion cycle The partition design of the isolation plate enables specific regions of the expansion sac to focus on the target direction for more effective expansion, thus shortening the time to reach the expected expansion volume. Compared with the traditional uniform expansion method, this method significantly shortens the treatment cycle while meeting the target repair requirements, helping patients enter the subsequent repair or plastic surgery stage as soon as possible.
[0052] (3)Reduce secondary injuries Through zonal control, the expansion force is concentrated on the peripheral area of the damaged skin that needs to be repaired, rather than expanding the entire sac indiscriminately, avoiding damage to healthy tissues, especially the skin far from the lesion area, due to unnecessary stretching. It effectively protects normal skin tissues and reduces the risks of discomfort, pain, and secondary injuries such as skin or soft tissue tearing caused by excessive expansion during and after surgery.
[0053] (4)Improve pressure distribution and enhance safety The isolation plate can prevent the injection pressures in different regions from interfering with each other, thus achieving uniform and independently controllable forces in each region. By reasonably designing the shape and size of each region, problems such as skin necrosis and circulatory disorders caused by excessive local pressure can be effectively avoided. At the same time, the local pressure concentrated on the target area can also prevent unnecessary tissue extrusion caused by the rapid expansion of the shape of the expansion sac, greatly enhancing safety.
[0054] (5)Adapt to complex lesion shapes For irregular or large-area lesions, by setting up isolation plates and implementing zonal control in specific regions of the expansion sac, the expander can be flexibly deployed according to actual needs. For example, for lesions with multi-directional repair requirements, isolation plates and corresponding catheters can be placed in different directions to form an independent expansion effect in multiple regions, more effectively coping with complex shapes or multi-site coverage requirements.
[0055] (6)Improve expansion efficiency and control accuracy The setting of the isolation plate not only achieves a localized force effect but also enables precise control of the injection volume and rate of each region relying on independent liquid path catheters. This method allows doctors to adjust the expansion intensity of different blocks in real time according to the treatment recovery situation, ensuring accurate operation. Compared with the overall expansion mode, this zonal mode improves the overall efficiency of medical equipment and significantly reduces the operation difficulty.
[0056] (7) Avoid irregular deformation and improve the postoperative appearance The zonal control avoids the problem of irregular stretching or deformation that may occur in traditional single-chamber expanders, making the skin curve smoother and more natural after expansion. Focusing on expanding key areas during the operation helps to restore a more ideal skin appearance after postoperative repair, while reducing the need for additional surgical adjustments due to asymmetry or excessive stretching.
[0057] (8) Simplify subsequent surgical procedures Since the zonal design can more precisely expand the important areas that need to be covered by repair, its effect is closer to the ideal skin condition after surgery, thus reducing the complex workload of doctors in subsequent repair surgeries. This not only reduces the surgical difficulty but also helps to improve the overall success rate of lesion repair.
[0058] In summary, this differential expansion mechanism optimizes the application effect of expanders in complex lesion areas or around irregular wounds, which is a major breakthrough in traditional expansion methods.
[0059] 4. Efficiently combine surgical plans to achieve precise generation and postoperative repair Based on the patient's lesion data, data around the lesion, and skin data, and combined with the model to precisely design the expander, making the matching degree and accuracy higher. Ensure that the expander highly conforms to the shape of the patient's lesion, avoiding difficult intraoperative adjustments; minimize surgical trauma and shorten the recovery time; reduce the multiple trimmings or surgical costs caused by the inaccuracy of traditional expansion plans.
[0060] This dynamic correction method of designing and modeling expanders based on the patient's individual data not only ensures the accuracy during the operation but also provides technical support for further popularizing the repair of such complex areas.
[0061] 5. Improve the comprehensive treatment effect and meet the repair needs of various diseases and wounds It provides a more targeted and efficient solution to the problems of skin tumor, scar repair, and skin defect coverage required for traumatic wounds.
[0062] For complex parts or areas with difficult coverage, by increasing the high-efficiency customization function, the problem of skin covering failure or poor effect caused by insufficient expansion or incorrect expansion in traditional plans is significantly reduced.
[0063] In addition, precise expansion can also reduce the postoperative scar area of patients, improve the aesthetic and functional recovery effects, and has significant advantages compared with traditional methods.
[0064] 6. Improve patient comfort and satisfaction The personalized customization process significantly improves the fit between the expander and the patient's anatomical form, reducing both the foreign body sensation during wearing and the complications (such as pain, discomfort, surgical failure) caused by ineffective expansion.
[0065] Doctors can greatly shorten the surgical preparation time and the patient's recovery period by precisely controlling the position and area of the expanded tissue, thereby improving the overall treatment satisfaction.
[0066] 7. Innovate the traditional way of using expanders and promote the development of personalized medicine The present invention realizes a deep transformation from "standardization" to "personalization", and improves the traditional single expander into a new tool that can be tailored according to the lesion characteristics, functional parts and anatomical structures.
[0067] It effectively integrates digital modeling technology, precision manufacturing technology and personalized treatment concepts, providing a new direction for modern personalized medicine.
[0068] The innovative design concept and specific parameters enhance the tool selection for professional doctors in the field of complex cosmetic surgery or reconstructive surgery, and also have great value in promoting technology. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for customizing a directional skin expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an eye directional expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a nose directional expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an oral cavity directional expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a neck directional expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural block diagram of a device for customizing a directional skin expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a hardware structural block diagram of an electronic device for running a method for customizing a directional skin expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0071] In the figure: 1. Target site; 2. Lesion; 3. Expansion sac; 301. Stable cavity; 302. Expansion cavity; 303. Interlayer drainage plate; 304. Isolation plate; 4. Liquid path catheter; 5. Injection pot. Specific implementation manners
[0072] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0073] As used herein, "one embodiment" or "embodiment" refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a schematic flowchart of a method for customizing a directional skin expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method for customizing a directional skin expander includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the three-dimensional data and skin data of the target patient's body surface; Step S2: Based on the three-dimensional data of the body surface, determine the lesion data and the data around the lesion; the data around the lesion indicates the data of the skin around the lesion that meets the preset conditions; Step S3: Based on the lesion data, determine the target site involved in the lesion; Step S4: Based on the target site, determine the structural scheme of the skin expander; Step S5: Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the lesion data, the data around the lesion, and the skin data to determine the initial parameters of the skin expander; Step S6: Perform simulated expansion based on the initial parameters of the skin expander, determine whether the initial parameters need to be corrected, and if so, correct the initial parameters to obtain target parameters; Step S7: Perform modeling based on the target parameters to obtain a target expander.
[0075] In an alternative embodiment, in the above step S1, the three-dimensional body surface data can be obtained through three-dimensional scanning technology, stereo vision technology, photogrammetry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), tactile sensing technology, ultrasonic imaging, infrared depth camera portable multifunctional devices, etc. The obtained three-dimensional body surface data can also be further optimized through data noise reduction processing, meshing processing, and registration with anatomical images; the obtained skin data indicating skin functional data (such as thickness, elasticity, etc.) can be obtained through ultrasonic thickness gauges, skin elasticity tests, hardness testers, hydration and barrier function tests, etc.
[0076] In an alternative embodiment, the above step S2 may include: Based on the three-dimensional body surface data, establish a three-dimensional model; Perform lesion area identification on the three-dimensional model to obtain a lesion identification result; Based on the lesion identification result, extract lesion area features to obtain lesion data; Define the lesion peripheral area based on preset conditions; Based on the lesion peripheral area, extract the features of the surrounding healthy skin to obtain lesion peripheral data.
[0077] Specifically, the lesion area identification can be performed through manual annotation (doctors directly mark the lesion area on the three-dimensional model using workstation software, and circle the boundary by drawing lines or closed areas), or through an automatic segmentation algorithm (using automatic segmentation techniques based on deep learning or image processing to distinguish lesions from healthy skin on color point clouds or three-dimensional images); the extracted lesion area features include but are not limited to geometric data (area, perimeter, three-dimensional volume, slope / concavity), thickness information, texture information. Based on the lesion area features, a lesion contour can also be generated, and the lesion data includes the lesion area features and the lesion contour; the definition method of the lesion peripheral area can be defined by the distance definition method (draw a certain buffer distance (such as 2 cm or a specified ratio) from the lesion center or boundary to create a "buffer zone" as the surrounding inspection range), or by the anatomical functional area method (reasonably specify the surrounding range according to anatomy, for example, at joints, consider the relevant areas that conform to the movement trajectory function, not just rely on distance); the extracted features of the surrounding healthy skin include but are not limited to geometric analysis (area and arc length, arc ratio and surface curvature), thickness distribution, elasticity and tension, blood supply.
[0078] In an optional embodiment, step S3 above may include: Based on the lesion data, construct a lesion coordinate framework; Based on the analysis of the lesion coordinate framework and the anatomical database, determine the human functional parts affected by the lesion, define all the affected human functional parts as target parts, and define the human functional part with the highest affected proportion as the main part.
[0079] In an optional embodiment, step S4 above may include: Based on the target parts, determine the thickening scheme of the expansion sac in the skin expander and the setting scheme of the internal partition drainage plate in the expansion sac.
[0080] Specifically, the thickening scheme may include: Based on the target parts, determine whether there is a cavity; the cavity indicates that there is no supporting bone hindering the expansion of the expansion sac into the human body; In the case of the existence of a cavity, thicken the surface of the expansion sac close to the cavity and the surface of the expansion sac extending in the direction of gravity; in the case of the non - existence of a cavity, only thicken the surface of the expansion sac extending in the direction of gravity.
[0081] The setting scheme may include: Based on the target parts and the positional relationship between the lesion and the target parts, determine the setting quantity and setting direction of the partition drainage plate.
[0082] In an optional embodiment, step S4 above may further include: Based on the lesion shape in the lesion data, determine whether to set a partition plate in the expansion sac; In the case of determining to set a partition plate in the expansion sac, add corresponding liquid - path catheters and injection pots so as to independently expand the areas separated by the partition plate in the expansion sac.
[0083] In an optional embodiment, step S5 above may include: Based on the skin data, determine the skin expansion prediction value; Comprehensively analyze the lesion data, the data around the lesion and the skin expansion prediction value to determine the initial shape, initial area and initial thickness of the expansion sac in the skin expander, as well as the initial position and initial thickness of the partition drainage plate, so as to obtain the initial parameters of the skin expander.
[0084] In an optional embodiment, step S6 above may include: Based on the initial parameters of the skin expander, perform simulated expansion to obtain a simulated expansion result; Based on the simulated expansion result, perform stress analysis to judge the pressure condition of the skin; When the pressure on the skin is higher than a preset threshold, the curvature of the skin expander corresponding to the skin with pressure higher than the preset threshold is adjusted to obtain a curvature adjustment result; Based on the curvature adjustment result, the initial parameters of the skin expander are corrected to obtain target parameters.
[0085] Please refer to Figure 2 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of an eye directional expander customized by a directional skin expander customization method. Its target part 1 is the eye, and the location of the lesion 2 is below the eye. This eye directional expander includes an expansion sac 3, a liquid path catheter 4, and an injection pot 5; A partition drainage plate 303 is arranged inside the expansion sac 3. The partition drainage plate 303 divides the inside of the expansion sac 3 into a stable cavity 301 and an expansion cavity 302. Through holes communicating the stable cavity 301 and the expansion cavity 302 are opened on the partition drainage plate 303. Since the eye has a cavity, therefore, the surface of the expansion sac 3 close to the cavity and the surface extending along the gravity direction are both thickened. Since the stable cavity 301 is used to prevent the expansion sac 3 from expanding towards the lesion 2, therefore, the surfaces involved in the stable cavity 301 are all thickened. In addition, as an optimization, the partition drainage plate 303 also needs to be thickened.
[0086] Please refer to Figure 3 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a nasal directional expander customized by a directional skin expander customization method. Its target parts 1 are the nose and the oral cavity, and the main part is the nose. The location of the lesion 2 is on the nose and one side of the nose. This nasal directional expander includes an expansion sac 3, a liquid path catheter 4, and an injection pot 5; Two partition drainage plates 303 are arranged inside the expansion sac 3. The two partition drainage plates 303 divide the inside of the expansion sac 3 into two stable cavities 301 and an expansion cavity 302. Through holes communicating the stable cavity 301 and the expansion cavity 302 are opened on the partition drainage plate 303. Since part of the nose has a cavity, therefore, it is judged whether the location of the lesion 2 involves the cavity. If it involves, the surface of the expansion sac 3 close to the cavity is thickened. If it does not involve, the surface of the expansion sac 3 close to the cavity does not need to be thickened. The surface of the expansion sac 3 extending along the gravity direction needs to be thickened. Since the stable cavity 301 is used to prevent the expansion sac 3 from expanding towards the lesion 2 and the oral cavity, therefore, the surfaces involved in the stable cavity 301 are all thickened. In addition, as an optimization, the partition drainage plate 303 also needs to be thickened.
[0087] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows a schematic structural diagram of an oral directional expander customized by a method based on a directional skin expander customization method. Its target site 1 is the oral cavity, and the location of the lesion 2 is below the oral cavity. The oral directional expander includes an expansion sac 3, a liquid path catheter 4, and an injection pot 5; A partition drainage plate 303 is arranged inside the expansion sac 3. The partition drainage plate 303 divides the inside of the expansion sac 3 into a stable cavity 301 and an expansion cavity 302. Through holes communicating the stable cavity 301 and the expansion cavity 302 are opened on the partition drainage plate 303. Since the eye has a cavity, therefore, the surface of the expansion sac 3 close to the cavity and the surface extending along the gravity direction are both thickened. Since the stable cavity 301 is used to prevent the expansion sac 3 from expanding towards the lesion 2, therefore, the surfaces involved in the stable cavity 301 are all thickened. In addition, as an optimization, the partition drainage plate 303 also needs to be thickened.
[0088] Please refer to Figure 5 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a neck directional expander customized by a method based on a directional skin expander customization method. Its target sites 1 are the neck and the cheek, and the main part is the neck. The location of the lesion 2 is in the neck and the cheek. Since the area of the lesion 2 is large and the shapes on both sides are asymmetric, therefore, the neck directional expander includes an expansion sac 3, two liquid path catheters 4, and two injection pots 5; Two partition drainage plates 303 and a partition board 304 are arranged inside the expansion sac 3. The partition drainage plates 303 are arranged according to the lesion boundary, and the partition board 304 can be arranged according to the midline of the lesion 2. The two partition drainage plates 303 and a partition board 304 divide the inside of the expansion sac 3 into two stable cavities 301 and two expansion cavities 302, so as to realize dividing the expansion sac 3 into two independently expandable cavities. Through holes communicating the stable cavity 301 and the expansion cavity 302 are opened on the partition drainage plate 303. The surface of the expansion sac 3 extending along the gravity direction needs to be thickened. Since the stable cavity 301 is used to prevent the expansion sac 3 from expanding towards the lesion 2, therefore, the surfaces involved in the stable cavity 301 are all thickened. In addition, as an optimization, the partition drainage plate 303 also needs to be thickened.
[0089] It can be seen from the above technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention that the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) Precise matching of complex anatomical regions: Meet the use requirements of the facial region, functional parts (around the eyes, nose, oral cavity, etc.), and special wounds.
[0090] (2) High efficiency, controllability, and safety: By controlling the parameters of the expansion direction and area, it can avoid ineffective expansion and efficiently utilize the surrounding healthy skin to achieve the optimal repair effect.
[0091] (3)Improve the treatment effect: Minimize the postoperative incision scar and the failure of wound surface coverage to the greatest extent, and improve the efficiency of tissue repair.
[0092] (4)Enhance the personalized medical experience: From three-dimensional scanning to modeling and production, achieve a fully customized process, and improve patient comfort and surgical success rate.
[0093] (5)Solve more disease types: including skin tumors, scar repair, irregular wound surfaces, etc., significantly expand the scope of application of skin expanders, and promote the development of medical aesthetics and reconstructive surgery.
[0094] Corresponding to the method for customizing a directional skin expander provided in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for customizing a directional skin expander. Since the device for customizing a directional skin expander provided in the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the method for customizing a directional skin expander provided in the above embodiment, the implementation manners of the foregoing method for customizing a directional skin expander are also applicable to the device for customizing a directional skin expander provided in this embodiment and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
[0095] Please refer to Figure 6 , which shows a structural block diagram of a device for customizing a directional skin expander provided in an embodiment of the present invention; the device includes: 01: A data acquisition module, configured to acquire the three-dimensional body surface data and skin data of a target patient; 02: A lesion determination module, configured to determine lesion data and perilesional data based on the three-dimensional body surface data; the perilesional data indicates the data of the skin around the lesion that meets a preset condition; 03: A site determination module, configured to determine the target site involved in the lesion based on the lesion data; 04: A structure determination module, configured to determine the structural scheme of the skin expander based on the target site; 05: A comprehensive analysis module, configured to comprehensively analyze the lesion data, perilesional data, and skin data to determine the initial parameters of the skin expander; 06: A simulation expansion module, configured to perform simulation expansion based on the initial parameters of the skin expander to determine whether the initial parameters need to be corrected. If so, correct the initial parameters to obtain target parameters; 07: A target expander acquisition module, configured to perform modeling based on the target parameters to obtain a target expander.
[0096] It should be noted that when the device provided in the above embodiments realizes its functions, only the division of the above functional modules is used for illustration. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device provided in the above embodiments and the method embodiments belong to the same concept. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.
[0097] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory. At least one instruction or at least one program segment is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction or at least one program segment is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the customized method for the directional skin expander provided in the above method embodiment.
[0098] The memory can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor runs the software programs and modules stored in the memory to execute various functional applications and achieve high-level autonomous driving. The memory mainly includes a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area can store an operating system, application programs required for functions, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the device, etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices. Correspondingly, the memory can also include a memory controller to provide the processor with access to the memory.
[0099] The method embodiments provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be executed on a computer terminal, a server, or a similar computing device, that is, the above electronic device can include a computer terminal, a server, or a similar computing device. Figure 7 is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device for running a customized method for a directional skin expander provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, the internal structure of the electronic device can include, but is not limited to: a processor, a network interface, and a memory. Among them, the processor, network interface, and memory in the electronic device can be connected by a bus or other means. In the embodiments of this specification Figure 7 it is taken as an example of being connected by a bus.
[0100] Among them, the processor (or CPU (Central Processing Unit)) is the computing core and control core of the electronic device. The network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as WI-FI, a mobile communication interface, etc.). The memory is the memory device in the electronic device, used to store programs and data. It can be understood that the memory here can be a high-speed RAM storage device, or a non-volatile memory device, such as at least one disk storage device; optionally, it can also be at least one storage device located far from the aforementioned processor. The memory provides a storage space, and the operating system of the electronic device is stored in this storage space, which may include but is not limited to: Windows system (an operating system), Linux (an operating system), Android (a mobile operating system) system, IOS (a mobile operating system) system, etc., and the present invention does not limit this; and, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor are also stored in this storage space, and these instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program codes). In the embodiments of this specification, the processor loads and executes one or more instructions stored in the memory to implement the customized method of the directional skin expander provided in the above method embodiments.
[0101] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one instruction or at least one segment of program is stored, and the at least one instruction or at least one segment of program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the customized method of the directional skin expander provided in the method embodiments.
[0102] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above storage medium may include but is not limited to: USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disc, etc., various media that can store program codes.
[0103] It should be noted that: the above sequence of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. And the above specific embodiments of this specification have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be executed in a different order from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired result. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments, multi-small sample image classification and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
[0104] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant parts, reference can be made to the partial description of the method embodiments.
[0105] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments can be completed by hardware, or can be completed by a program instructing relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for customizing a directional skin expander, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Acquire body surface three-dimensional data and skin data of a target patient; Step S2: determining lesion data and lesion surrounding data based on the body surface three-dimensional data; The lesion surrounding data indicates data of skin surrounding the lesion that meets preset conditions; Step S3: determining the target site involved in the lesion based on the lesion data; Step S4: determining a structural scheme of the skin expander based on the target site; Step S5: Comprehensively analyzing the lesion data, the lesion surrounding data and the skin data to determine initial parameters of the skin expander; Step S6: performing simulated expansion based on the initial parameters of the skin expander to determine whether the initial parameters need to be corrected, and if so, correcting the initial parameters to obtain target parameters; Step S7: Modeling is performed based on the target parameters to obtain a target expander.
2. The method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: Based on the target site, a thickening scheme for the expansion sac in the skin expander and a setting scheme for the interlayer drainage plate in the expansion sac are determined.
3. The method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickening scheme specifically includes: Based on the target site, determining whether there is a cavity; the cavity indicates that there is no supporting bone to hinder the expansion sac from expanding into the human body; When the cavity exists, the surface of the expansion sac close to the cavity and the surface of the expansion sac extending in the direction of gravity are thickened; when the cavity does not exist, only the surface of the expansion sac extending in the direction of gravity is thickened.
4. The method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The setting scheme specifically includes: Based on the target part and the positional relationship between the lesion and the target part, the number and direction of the interlayer drainage plates are determined.
5. The method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step S4 further comprises: determining whether to set a separation plate in the expansion sac based on a lesion shape in the lesion data; When it is determined that the isolation plate is provided in the expansion sac, a corresponding fluid conduit and an injection pot are additionally provided so that the area separated by the isolation plate in the expansion sac can be expanded independently.
6. The method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises: determining a skin expansion estimate based on the skin data; The lesion data, the lesion surrounding data and the skin expansion estimation value are comprehensively analyzed to determine the initial shape, initial area and initial thickness of the expansion bag in the skin expander, as well as the initial position and initial thickness of the interlayer drainage plate, so as to obtain the initial parameters of the skin expander.
7. The method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S6 includes: Performing simulated expansion based on initial parameters of the skin expander to obtain simulated expansion results; Performing force analysis based on the simulated expansion result to determine the pressure condition of the skin; When the pressure on the skin is higher than a preset threshold, the skin expander corresponding to the skin with pressure higher than the preset threshold is subjected to curvature adjustment to obtain a curvature adjustment result; The initial parameters of the skin expander are corrected based on the curvature adjustment result to obtain the target parameters.
8. A directional skin dilator customization device, implemented by the directional skin dilator customization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The device comprises: A data acquisition module, used to acquire the target patient's body surface three-dimensional data and skin data; A lesion determination module, configured to determine lesion data and lesion surrounding data based on the body surface three-dimensional data; the lesion surrounding data indicates data of skin surrounding the lesion that meets preset conditions; A site determination module, used to determine a target site involved in a lesion based on the lesion data; A structure determination module, used for determining a structure scheme of the skin expander based on the target site; A comprehensive analysis module, used for comprehensively analyzing the lesion data, the lesion surrounding data and the skin data to determine initial parameters of the skin expander; a simulation expansion module, configured to simulate expansion based on initial parameters of the skin expander, determine whether the initial parameters need to be corrected, and if so, correct the initial parameters to obtain target parameters; The target expander acquisition module is used to perform modeling based on the target parameters to obtain a target expander.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction or at least one program, and the at least one instruction or the at least one program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method for customizing a directional skin dilator according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein at least one instruction or at least one program is stored in the storage medium, wherein the at least one instruction or the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the directional skin dilator customization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.