Hemodialysis machine

Abstract

The hemodialysis machine comprises a dialysis machine body and a dialyzer support, and the dialyzer support comprises a connecting installation base, a first air cylinder, a first motor, a left supporting plate and a right supporting plate; one end of the connecting mounting base is connected to the front side face of the dialysis machine body, the air cylinder I is fixed to the other end of the connecting mounting base, the motor I is fixedly connected to a piston rod of the air cylinder I, the inwards-concave arc-shaped faces of the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate correspond to each other, and a power output shaft of the motor I is fixedly connected with the left side face of the left supporting plate; a clamping mechanism capable of clamping the dialyzer and a vibrating mechanism capable of vibrating the dialyzer are arranged in the left supporting plate and the right supporting plate. According to the hemodialysis machine, automatic overturning of the dialyzer, automatic inclination of the dialyzer and automatic vibration of the dialyzer are achieved, then automatic exhaust and impurity removal are achieved, manual operation is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the probability that the hemodialysis machine makes contact with instruments is reduced, and the infection risk caused by the manual operation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hemodialysis, and particularly relates to a hemodialysis machine. Background Art

[0002] During hemodialysis, air embolism is a potentially serious complication. Air embolism refers to the embolism of blood vessels caused by air entering the human body. Air embolism occurring during dialysis is a rare but relatively serious complication. If not properly handled, it may lead to serious consequences. The air reaches the right ventricle via the vein and is agitated into foam by the blood, seriously hindering the blood flow in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries, which can cause acute right heart failure and even death. And a small amount of air bubbles enter the systemic circulation after passing through the arteriovenous anastomosis in the lungs and reach the heart, brain, and kidneys, which may also cause embolism of important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys.

[0003] One of the main causes of air embolism in hemodialysis is improper technical operation, that is, the pipeline is not pre-rinsed before connecting the pipeline to the venous puncture needle. Before the start of dialysis treatment, the dialyzer needs to be pre-flushed and degassed. This step aims to remove the air and impurities in it to ensure that the blood can flow smoothly in the hollow fiber filaments. During the pre-flushing process, the principle of "low-speed perfusion and high-speed flushing" should be followed to fully humidify the dialyzer, thereby reducing the risk of blood coagulation or dialyzer membrane reaction. When using the dialyzer, strict aseptic operation specifications must be adhered to. During the connection process, aseptic techniques should be used to minimize the risk of infection.

[0004] In the prior art, a rotatable bracket is installed on the front side of the dialysis machine main body. The dialyzer is snapped into the bracket with the venous end of the dialyzer facing upward. The dialysis venous pipeline is connected to the venous end of the dialyzer, the bracket is manually rotated, and then the dialysis arterial pipeline is connected to the arterial end of the dialyzer. Then the bracket is manually reversed to make the venous end of the dialyzer return to the top again. When starting the pre-flushing and degassing operation of the dialyzer, the pre-flushing liquid enters the dialyzer from the arterial end at the bottom of the dialyzer and is discharged from the venous end at the top, thereby discharging the gas and impurities in the dialyzer membrane. In order to better discharge the gas and impurities in the dialyzer membrane, the operator needs to pat the dialyzer by hand or remove the dialyzer for kneading. After the gas in the dialyzer membrane is discharged, the bypass interface on the side wall of the dialyzer is connected to the bypass pipeline, and the bracket is manually rotated again to make the arterial end of the dialyzer higher than the venous end. The dialysis liquid enters the dialyzer from the bypass pipeline at the bottom and is discharged from the bypass pipeline at the top, thereby flushing the outside of the dialyzer membrane. After the pre-washing is completed, the other ends of the dialysis arterial pipeline and the dialysis venous pipeline are connected to the arteriovenous puncture needles of the patient, and then dialysis can be started.

[0005] From the existing preflushing of the dialyzer, it can be seen that the flipping, tilting, and patting of the dialyzer are all manual operations. The entire operation requires manual effort to completely drain the impurities and gases inside and outside the dialyzer membrane. This entirely depends on whether the medical staff's operation is standardized and serious. If the operation is careless or interrupted in the middle, it will affect the incomplete drainage of the impurities and gases inside and outside the dialyzer membrane, thereby posing an embolism risk. At the same time, manual flipping, tilting, and patting require contact between the hand and different parts of the dialyzer and the bracket at different times, bringing an infection risk to the subsequent connection of the arterial and venous puncture needle connectors of the human body. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned existing technologies, the present invention provides a hemodialysis machine that reduces manual operations and can automatically flip, tilt, and vibrate the dialyzer.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A hemodialysis machine, comprising a hemodialysis machine main body and a dialyzer bracket. The dialyzer bracket is installed on the hemodialysis machine main body. The dialyzer bracket includes a connecting mounting seat, a cylinder I, a motor I, a left support plate, and a right support plate. One end of the connecting mounting seat is detachably connected to the front side of the hemodialysis machine main body, and the other end of the connecting mounting seat extends outward from the front side of the hemodialysis machine main body. The cylinder I is fixed to the other end of the connecting mounting seat, and the piston rod of the cylinder I extends horizontally to the left side of the hemodialysis machine main body. The motor I is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder I, and the power output shaft of the motor I is horizontally arranged. Both the left support plate and the right support plate are arc-shaped plates, and the concave arc surfaces of the left support plate and the right support plate correspond to each other. The rear ends of the left support plate and the right support plate are hinged to each other, and a clamping end for the dialyzer is formed between the front ends of the left support plate and the right support plate. The power output shaft of the motor I is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the left support plate. A clamping mechanism for clamping the dialyzer is provided inside the left support plate and the right support plate, and a vibration mechanism for vibrating the dialyzer is also provided inside the left support plate and the right support plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vibration mechanism includes a left vibration mechanism installed in the middle of the inner side of the left support plate and a right vibration mechanism installed in the middle of the inner side of the right support plate. Both the left vibration mechanism and the right vibration mechanism include a cylinder II, a guiding cylinder with one end open, a vibration spring, a vibration plate, and a vibration motor. Cylinder II mounting holes are provided in the middle of both the left support plate and the right support plate. The left cylinder II is fixedly installed in the cylinder II mounting hole of the left support plate, and the right cylinder II is fixedly installed in the cylinder II mounting hole of the right support plate. The piston rod of the cylinder II faces inward. The guiding cylinder is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder II. One end of the vibration spring is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the guiding cylinder, and the other end of the vibration spring extends out of the open end of the guiding cylinder and is fixedly connected to the vibration plate. The outer diameter of the guiding cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder II mounting hole. The vibration plate is an arc-shaped plate. The concave arc surfaces of the left vibration plate and the right vibration plate correspond to each other, and the left vibration plate and the right vibration plate are used to clamp the dialyzer during vibration. The left vibration motor is installed at the bottom left of the left vibration plate, and the right vibration motor is installed at the top right of the right vibration plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, clamping mechanisms are installed near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the left support plate and near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the right support plate. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder III and a clamping plate. Cylinder III mounting holes are provided near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the left support plate and near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the right support plate. Each cylinder III mounting hole is equipped with a clamping cylinder III. The piston rod of the clamping cylinder III faces inward, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder III is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. The clamping plate is an arc-shaped plate. The clamping plate near the upper side of the inner side of the left support plate and the clamping plate near the upper side of the inner side of the right support plate form a set of dialyzer clamping plates, and the clamping plate near the lower side of the inner side of the left support plate and the clamping plate near the lower side of the inner side of the right support plate form another set of dialyzer clamping plates.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear ends of the left support plate and the right support plate are hinged to each other through a positioning rotation mechanism. The positioning rotation mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a torsion spring. At least two grooves are provided near the inner side of the rear end of the left support plate. Protrusions equal in number to the grooves and cooperating with each other are provided near the inner side of the rear end of the right support plate. Through holes I are provided on the rear end of the left support plate and on the protrusions. The protrusions on the rear end of the right support plate are located in the corresponding grooves on the rear end of the left support plate. The rotating shaft passes through the through hole I on the rear end of the left support plate and the through hole I on the protrusion. Torsion springs are sleeved on the rotating shaft in each groove and at both ends of the corresponding protrusion. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding groove, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding protrusion. When the torsion spring is in a natural state, the clamping ends at the front ends of the left support plate and the right support plate are close to each other.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, elastic pads are provided on the inner sides of the vibrating plate and the clamping plate. A pressure sensor and an inclination sensor are installed on the inner side surface of each elastic pad. The pressure sensor and the inclination sensor are both in telecommunication connection with a controller inside the dialysis machine main body. The cylinder I, the motor I, the cylinder II, and the clamping cylinder III are all controlled by the controller inside the dialysis machine main body.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support seat is provided near the lower part on the left side wall of the dialysis machine main body, and a support arm is provided near the upper part on the left side wall of the dialysis machine main body. The support seat is provided with a socket, and the support arm is provided with a through hole II. The support rod of the infusion rack passes through the through hole II on the support arm, and the bottom of the support rod is inserted into the socket on the support seat. The distance between the clamping center formed by the left support plate and the right support plate and the support rod is greater than half of the length of the dialyzer.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection mounting seat includes an insertion section and an external connection section. The cross-section of the insertion section is a rectangular structure, and clamping grooves are provided on each of the four surfaces of the insertion section; on the front side of the dialysis machine main body and near the left side, there is a mounting hole with a rectangular cross-section. Circular holes corresponding to the clamping grooves are provided on each surface of the inner wall of the mounting hole. Each circular hole is composed of a circular hole section I with a smaller diameter near the inner side and a circular hole section II with a larger diameter near the outer side. A limiting mechanism is installed in each circular hole; the limiting mechanism includes a cylinder IV, a limiting plate, a guide sleeve, a limiting block, a limiting spring, and a pull rope; the cylinder IV is installed in the circular hole section I, the limiting plate is stuck in the circular hole section II and abuts against the step formed between the circular hole section I and the circular hole section II. A limiting hole is provided in the middle of the limiting plate. The guide sleeve passes through the limiting hole and is in sliding fit with the limiting hole. The limiting block is arranged in the circular hole section II and is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the circular hole section II. The inner end of the limiting block is fixedly connected to the outer end of the guide sleeve. The piston rod of the cylinder IV extends towards the inner end of the guide sleeve. The limiting spring is sleeved outside the guide sleeve and is located between the limiting block and the limiting plate. One end of the limiting spring is fixed on the inner end of the limiting block, and the other end of the limiting spring is fixed on the limiting plate. The pull rope passes through the guide sleeve. One end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the inner end of the limiting block, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder IV; the insertion section is inserted into the mounting hole, and the outer end of the limiting block is inserted into the corresponding clamping groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder IV is controlled by the controller inside the dialysis machine main body.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vibration spring is a hollow spring, and the power cord passes through the hollow cavity of the vibration spring. One end of the power cord is connected to the power supply inside the dialysis machine main body, and the other end of the power cord is connected to the vibration motor on the corresponding side.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The hemodialysis machine realizes automatic flipping, automatic tilting and automatic vibration of the dialyzer, thereby realizing automatic air exhaust and impurity discharge, greatly reducing manual operation, and at the same time reducing the probability of contact with instruments and the infection risk brought by manual operation. The hemodialysis machine can effectively prevent air embolism in hemodialysis and escort the health and safety of patients.

[0019] 2. When using the hemodialysis machine, the dialyzer is clamped between the left support plate and the right support plate. The controller controls the piston rod of the cylinder II to extend, and the piston rod drives the guide sleeve to move towards the middle, thereby driving the vibration spring and the vibration plate to approach the dialyzer together. The elastic pads on the inner sides of the vibration plates on both sides press on the left and right sides of the dialyzer and clamp the dialyzer. The vibration motors on both sides are turned on. At the same time, the motor I drives the dialyzer to tilt. The tilt angle of the dialyzer is detected by the tilt sensor on the elastic pad on the inner side of the vibration plate, which is convenient for accurately controlling the tilt angle of the dialyzer. When the pre-flush liquid passes through the dialyzer, the vibration motors of the left support plate and the right support plate are at different heights, and under the synergistic action of the motor I driving the dialyzer to tilt, the dialyzer moves in multiple dimensions. Driven by the pre-flush liquid, the air and impurities attached to the inner wall of the dialyzer and the fiber membrane inside the dialyzer can be quickly separated and discharged. After the dialyzer is tilted, it is also beneficial for the gas and impurities attached to the top inside the dialyzer to be discharged through the venous end or the bypass pipeline.

[0020] 3. Before starting dialysis, the dialyzer bracket needs to be installed in the mounting holes of the dialysis machine main body. The controller controls the piston rod of cylinder I to extend towards the left side of the dialysis machine main body, driving the motor I, left support plate, right support plate, clamping mechanism, and vibration mechanism to move leftward together, so that the left support plate and the right support plate are outside the left side of the dialysis machine main body; then the dialyzer is inserted between the left support plate and the right support plate, with the interface end of the bypass pipeline on the dialyzer facing left, which just corresponds to the bypass pipeline on the left side wall of the dialysis machine main body, facilitating connection with the bypass pipeline; the controller controls the piston rod of cylinder III to extend, driving the clamping plate closer to the dialyzer, so that the elastic pads on the inner sides of the clamping plates on both the left and right sides press against the left and right sides of the dialyzer, and the dialyzer is clamped by the upper and lower two groups of dialyzer clamping plates. The pressure sensors on the elastic pads detect the clamping force of the clamping plates on the dialyzer, and thus the magnitude of the clamping force can be controlled; then the venous pipeline is connected to the venous end of the dialyzer. After the venous end of the dialyzer is connected, the controller controls the motor I to rotate, driving the dialyzer to flip. The venous end of the dialyzer flips forward and downward, and then the arterial pipeline is connected to the arterial end of the dialyzer. Then, the dialyzer is rotated back by the motor I, and the tilting or flipping of the entire dialyzer is automatically controlled. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hemodialysis machine;

[0022] Figure 2 is the front view of the dialyzer bracket;

[0023] Figure 3 is the top view of the dialyzer bracket;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the dialyzer inserted into the dialyzer bracket on the hemodialysis machine;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the clamping mechanism and the vibration mechanism arranged inside the left support plate and the right support plate;

[0026] Figure 6 is the schematic structural diagram of the left support plate;

[0027] Figure 7 is the schematic structural diagram of the right support plate;

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning rotation mechanism cooperating with the right support plate;

[0029] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure sensor and the inclination sensor arranged on the elastic pad;

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the connecting mounting seat;

[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation holes and circular holes provided on the hemodialysis machine main body;

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the insertion section of the connecting mounting base inserted into the mounting hole on the hemodialysis machine main body;

[0033] Figure 13 It is Figure 12 The enlarged structural diagram at position A in

[0034] In the figure: 1 - hemodialysis machine main body; 11 - support base; 12 - support arm; 13 - mounting hole; 14 - circular hole; 2 - dialyzer bracket; 21 - connecting mounting base; 211 - insertion section; 212 - external connection section; 213 - card slot; 22 - cylinder I; 23 - motor I; 24 - left support plate; 25 - right support plate; 26 - clamping mechanism; 261 - clamping cylinder III; 262 - clamping plate; 263 - cylinder III mounting hole; 27 - vibration mechanism; 271 - cylinder II; 272 - guide cylinder; 273 - vibration spring; 274 - vibration plate; 275 - vibration motor; 276 - cylinder II mounting hole; 28 - rotating shaft; 29 - torsion spring; 3 - dialyzer; 30 - groove; 31 - convex block; 32 - through hole I; 33 - spring washer; 34 - pressure sensor; 35 - inclination sensor; 4 - infusion rack; 41 - support rod; 5 - limiting mechanism; 51 - cylinder IV; 52 - limiting plate; 53 - guide sleeve; 54 - limiting block; 55 - limiting spring; 56 - pull rope. Specific embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the hemodialysis machine includes a hemodialysis machine main body 1, a dialyzer bracket 2, an infusion rack 4, and a limiting mechanism 5. The dialyzer bracket 2 is installed on the front side of the hemodialysis machine main body 1 and is close to the left side, and the infusion rack 4 is arranged on the left side of the hemodialysis machine main body 1.

[0037] Among them, the dialyzer bracket 2 includes a connecting mounting base 21, a cylinder I 22, a motor I 23, a left support plate 24, and a right support plate 25, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure. One end of the connecting mounting base 21 is detachably connected to the front side of the dialysis machine main body 1 and is close to the left side of the dialysis machine main body 1. The other end of the connecting mounting base 21 extends outside the front side of the dialysis machine main body 1. The cylinder I 22 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting mounting base 21. The piston rod of the cylinder I 22 extends horizontally to the left side of the dialysis machine main body 1. The motor I 23 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder I 22. The power output shaft of the motor I 23 faces the left side of the dialysis machine main body 1 and is horizontally arranged. The left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are both arc-shaped plates. The concave arc surfaces of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 correspond to each other, and the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 form an outer support ring. The rear ends of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are hinged to each other through a positioning rotation mechanism. A clamping end for the dialyzer 3 is formed between the front ends of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25. The clamping end is in a figure-eight structure that opens to both sides in the front direction, which is beneficial for the dialyzer 3 to be clamped between the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25. The power output shaft of the motor I 23 is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the left support plate 24. A clamping mechanism 26 for clamping the dialyzer 3 is arranged inside the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25. A vibration mechanism 27 for vibrating the dialyzer 3 is also arranged inside the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25. When the dialyzer 3 is clamped into the outer support ring formed by the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 through the clamping end, the clamping mechanism 26 inside the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 can clamp the dialyzer 3, as Figure 4 shown. At this time, when the motor I 23 rotates, it can drive the left support plate 24, the right support plate 25, and the clamping mechanism 26, the vibration mechanism 27, and the dialyzer 3 inside them to flip and tilt. When flipping, the venous end of the dialyzer 3 can be flipped to the bottom, and the arterial end of the dialyzer 3 can be flipped to the top, which is convenient for connecting the arterial catheter. When the vibration mechanism 27 clamps the dialyzer 3, the vibration mechanism 27 is turned on, and under the synergistic action of the motor I 23 driving the dialyzer 3 to tilt, the air and impurities in the dialyzer 3 can be completely and effectively drained.

[0038] Among them, the vibration mechanism 27 includes a left vibration mechanism installed in the middle of the inner side of the left support plate 24 and a right vibration mechanism installed in the middle of the inner side of the right support plate 25, as Figure 5 shown. Both the left vibration mechanism and the right vibration mechanism include a cylinder II 271, a guide cylinder 272 with one end open, a vibration spring 273, a vibration plate 274, and a vibration motor 275. Cylinder II mounting holes 276 are provided in the middle of both the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25, as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the cylinder II 271 on the left is fixedly installed in the cylinder II mounting hole 276 of the left support plate 24, and the cylinder II 271 on the right is fixedly installed in the cylinder II mounting hole 276 of the right support plate 25. The piston rod of the cylinder II 271 faces inward (i.e., the piston rod of the cylinder II 271 faces the middle between the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25). The guide cylinder 272 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder II 271. One end of the vibration spring 273 is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the guide cylinder 272, and the other end of the vibration spring 273 extends out of the open end of the guide cylinder 272 and is fixedly connected to the vibration plate 274. The outer diameter of the guide cylinder 272 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder II mounting hole 276. The vibration plate 274 is an arc-shaped plate. The concave arc surfaces of the vibration plate 274 on the left and the vibration plate 274 on the right correspond to each other, and the vibration plate 274 on the left and the vibration plate 274 on the right are used to clamp the dialyzer 3 during vibration. The vibration motor 275 on the left is installed at the left bottom of the vibration plate 274 on the left, and the vibration motor 275 on the right is installed at the right top of the vibration plate 274 on the right. When the dialyzer 3 is placed between the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25, the piston rods of the cylinder II 271 on the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 extend, driving the guide cylinder 272 to move towards the middle, thereby driving the vibration spring 273 and the vibration plate 274 to move closer to and press on the dialyzer 3 together. The vibration plates 274 on the left and right sides press on the left and right sides of the dialyzer 3 and clamp the dialyzer 3. At this time, the vibration motors 275 on the left and right sides are turned on. At the same time, the motor I 23 drives the dialyzer 3 to tilt. When the preflush liquid passes through the dialyzer 3, the vibration motors 275 on the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are at different heights. Under the synergistic action of the motor I 23 driving the dialyzer 3 to tilt, the dialyzer 3 moves in multiple dimensions. Driven by the preflush liquid, the air and impurities attached to the inner wall of the dialyzer 3 and the fiber membrane in the dialyzer 3 can be separated and discharged as soon as possible. After the dialyzer 3 tilts, it is also beneficial for the gas and impurities attached to the top inside the dialyzer 3 to be discharged through the venous end or the bypass pipeline.

[0039] Clamping mechanisms 26 are installed near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the left support plate 24 and near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the right support plate 25. The clamping mechanism 26 includes a clamping cylinder III 261 and a clamping plate 262, as Figure 5 shown. Cylinder III mounting holes 263 are provided near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the left support plate 24 and near the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the right support plate 25, as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a clamping cylinder III 261 is installed in each cylinder III mounting hole 263. The piston rod of the clamping cylinder III 261 faces inward (i.e., the piston rod of the clamping cylinder III 261 faces the middle between the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25), and a clamping plate 262 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the clamping cylinder III 261. The clamping plate 262 is an arc-shaped plate. The clamping plate 262 near the upper side on the inner side of the left support plate 24 and the clamping plate 262 near the upper side on the inner side of the right support plate 25 form a group of dialyzer clamping plates, and the clamping plate 262 near the lower side on the inner side of the left support plate 24 and the clamping plate 262 near the lower side on the inner side of the right support plate 25 form another group of dialyzer clamping plates. Before the pre-flushing starts, when it is necessary to flip or tilt the dialyzer 3, the piston rods of the cylinders III 261 on the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 extend, driving the clamping plates 262 on both sides to approach the dialyzer 3 and clamp the dialyzer 3. The dialyzer 3 is clamped by the upper and lower groups of dialyzer clamping plates, and the clamping is more stable. During the formal dialysis, the dialyzer 3 is also clamped by these two groups of dialyzer clamping plates.

[0040] The rear ends of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are hinged to each other through a positioning rotation mechanism. The positioning rotation mechanism includes a rotating shaft 28 and a torsion spring 29, as Figure 8 shown. At least two grooves 30 are provided near the inner side of the rear end of the left support plate 24, and the same number of protrusions 31 as the grooves 30 and matching with them are provided near the inner side of the rear end of the right support plate 25. In this embodiment, the number of the grooves 30 and the protrusions 31 is 2 each. Through holes I 32 are provided on the rear end of the left support plate 24 and on the protrusions 31. The protrusions 31 on the rear end of the right support plate 25 are located in the corresponding grooves 30 on the rear end of the left support plate 24. The rotating shaft 28 passes through the through holes I 32 on the rear end of the left support plate 24 and the through holes I 32 on the protrusions 31. Torsion springs 29 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 28 in each groove 30 and at both ends of the corresponding protrusions 31. One end of the torsion spring 29 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding groove 30, and the other end of the torsion spring 29 is fixedly connected to the corresponding protrusion 31. When the torsion spring 29 is in the natural state, the clamping ends at the front ends of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 approach each other. When installing the dialyzer 8 on the dialyzer bracket 2, the dialyzer 8 is used to squeeze the clamping ends at the front ends of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25. After the clamping end on the right side is pressed, the right support plate 25 rotates right-rearward around the rotating shaft 28, and the torsion spring 29 deforms. After the dialyzer 8 is placed between the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25, under the restoring force of the torsion spring 29, the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are driven to approach the dialyzer 8, and the clamping mechanism 26 or the vibration mechanism 27 clamps the dialyzer 8.

[0041] Elastic pads 33 are provided on the inner sides of both the vibrating plate 274 and the clamping plate 262. A pressure sensor 34 and an inclination sensor 35 are installed on the inner side surface of each elastic pad 33. As Figure 9 shown, both the pressure sensor 34 and the inclination sensor 35 are in telecommunication connection with the controller in the dialysis machine main body 1. The cylinder I 22, the motor I 23, the cylinder II 271, and the clamping cylinder III 261 are all controlled by the controller in the dialysis machine main body 1. When the clamping plate 262 or the vibrating plate 274 clamps the dialyzer 3, the pressure sensor 34 can monitor the clamping force, avoiding damage to the dialyzer 3 due to excessive clamping force and preventing the dialyzer 3 from slipping out between the left and right clamping plates 262 or the left and right vibrating plates 274 due to insufficient clamping force. The inclination sensor 35 can monitor the inclination angle of the dialyzer 3, tilting the dialyzer 3 to the optimal position, which is not only beneficial for the gas and impurities attached to the top inside the dialyzer 3 to move further upward and be discharged, but also makes the venous end or arterial end of the dialyzer 3 in the optimal position for discharge.

[0042] A support seat 11 is provided near the lower part on the left side wall of the dialysis machine main body 1, and a support arm 12 is provided near the upper part on the left side wall of the dialysis machine main body 1. There is a socket on the support seat 11, and a through hole II is provided on the support arm 12. The support rod 41 of the infusion rack 4 passes through the through hole II on the support arm 12, and the bottom of the support rod 41 is inserted into the socket on the support seat 11. As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown. The distance between the clamping center formed by the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 and the support rod 41 is greater than half of the length of the dialyzer 3, which can prevent the motor I 23 from driving the dialyzer 3 to flip or tilt, and avoid the end of the dialyzer 3 from contacting the support rod 41 and affecting the flipping or tilting of the dialyzer 3. The piston rod of the cylinder I 22 and the power output shaft of the motor I 23 both face the left side of the dialysis machine main body 1. After the piston rod of the cylinder I 22 extends, it can drive the entire left support plate 24, right support plate 25, clamping mechanism 26, and vibrating mechanism 27 to be located outside the left side of the dialysis machine main body 1. Such a setting is not only beneficial for the support plate 24, right support plate 25, clamping mechanism 26, vibrating mechanism 27, and the clamped dialyzer 3 to flip or tilt, but also enables the joint of the dialyzer 3 connected to the bypass pipeline to always be on the left side of the dialyzer 3, facilitating the connection with the bypass pipeline.

[0043] Among them, the connection mounting seat 21 includes an insertion section 211 and an external connection section 212. As Figure 10 shown, the cross-section of the insertion section 211 is a rectangular structure, and clamping grooves 213 are provided on all four surfaces of the insertion section 211. An installation hole 13 with a rectangular cross-section is provided on the front side and near the left side of the dialysis machine main body 1. Circular holes 14 corresponding to the clamping grooves 213 are provided on each surface of the inner wall of the installation hole 13. The circular hole 14 is composed of a small-diameter circular hole section I near the inner side and a large-diameter circular hole section II near the outer side. As Figure 11Each circular hole 14 is provided with a limit mechanism 5, such as Figure 12 The limiting mechanism 5 includes a cylinder IV 51, a limiting plate 52, a guide sleeve 53, a limiting block 54, a limiting spring 55 and a pull rope 56, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown; the cylinder IV 51 is installed in the circular hole segment I, the limit plate 52 is stuck in the circular hole segment II and is close to the step formed between the circular hole segment I and the circular hole segment II, the middle part of the limit plate 52 is provided with a limit hole, the guide sleeve 53 passes through the limit hole and slides with the limit hole, the limit block 54 is arranged in the circular hole segment II and slides with the inner wall of the circular hole segment II, the inner side end of the limit block 54 is fixedly connected with the outer end of the guide sleeve 53, and the piston rod of the cylinder IV 51 The inner end of the guide sleeve 53 is extended, and the limit spring 55 is sleeved outside the guide sleeve 53 and located between the limit block 54 and the limit plate 52. One end of the limit spring 55 is fixed to the inner end of the limit block 54, and the other end of the limit spring 55 is fixed to the limit plate 52. The pull rope 56 passes through the guide sleeve 53, and one end of the pull rope 56 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the limit block 54, and the other end of the pull rope 56 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder IV 51. The insertion section 211 is inserted into the mounting hole 13, and the outer end of the limit block 54 is inserted into the corresponding card slot 213, as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown. The cylinder IV51 is controlled by the controller in the dialyzer body 1. Before the dialyzer is put on the machine, the dialyzer bracket 2 needs to be installed on the dialyzer body 1. First, the controller in the dialyzer body 1 controls the piston rod 51 of the cylinder IV51 to retract, and pulls the limit block 54 to move into the circular hole 14 through the pull rope 56. The guide sleeve 53 slides to one side of the cylinder IV51, and the limit spring 55 is compressed. Then, the insertion section 211 connected to the mounting seat 21 is inserted into the mounting hole 13. After the insertion, the controller controls the piston rod 51 of the cylinder IV51 to extend, and the pull rope 56 is loosened. At the same time, under the restoring force of the limit spring 55, the limit spring 55 drives the limit block 54 to move outward in the circular hole 14 and insert it into the corresponding slot 213.

[0044] The vibration spring 273 is a hollow spring, and the power cord passes through the hollow cavity of the vibration spring 273. One end of the power cord is connected to the power supply in the dialyzer body 1, and the other end of the power cord is connected to the vibration motor 275 on the corresponding side. The hollow structure of the vibration spring 273 is adopted, and the power cord is arranged in the hollow structure of the vibration spring 273 to prevent the power cord from being exposed and affecting the clamping and vibration of the dialyzer 3.

[0045] When using this hemodialysis machine, before starting dialysis, the dialyzer bracket 2 needs to be installed in the installation hole 13 of the hemodialysis machine main body 1. The controller controls the piston rod of the cylinder I 22 to extend to the left side of the hemodialysis machine main body 1, driving the motor I 23, the left support plate 24, the right support plate 25, the clamping mechanism 26 and the vibration mechanism 27 to move to the left together, so that the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are outside the left side of the hemodialysis machine main body 1; then the dialyzer 3 is clamped between the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25, with the bypass interface end of the dialyzer 3 facing left, which just corresponds to the bypass pipeline on the left side wall of the hemodialysis machine main body 1, facilitating connection with the bypass pipeline; the controller controls the piston rod of the cylinder III 261 to extend, driving the clamping plate 262 to approach the hemodialysis machine main body 1, so that the elastic pads 33 on the inner sides of the clamping plates 262 on both left and right sides press on both left and right sides of the dialyzer 3, clamping the dialyzer 3 by the upper and lower two groups of dialyzer clamping plates. The pressure sensor 34 on the elastic pad 33 detects the clamping force of the clamping plate 262 on the dialyzer 3, and thus the magnitude of the clamping force can be controlled; then the venous pipeline is connected to the venous end at the top of the dialyzer 3. After the venous end of the dialyzer 3 is connected, the controller controls the motor I 23 to rotate, driving the dialyzer 3 to flip. The venous end of the dialyzer 3 flips forward and downward until the venous end of the dialyzer 3 is located at the bottom of the dialyzer 3, and then the arterial pipeline is connected to the arterial end of the dialyzer 3. Then, the dialyzer 3 is driven by the motor I 23 to rotate back, so that the venous end of the dialyzer 3 returns to the top again. The controller controls the piston rod of the cylinder II 271 to extend, and the piston rod drives the guide sleeve 272 to move towards the middle, thereby driving the vibration spring 273 and the vibration plate 274 to approach the dialyzer 3 together. The elastic pads 33 on the inner sides of the vibration plates 274 on both left and right sides press on both left and right sides of the dialyzer 3 and clamp the dialyzer 3. At this time, the controller controls the piston rod of the cylinder III 261 to retract, driving the clamping plate 262 and the elastic pad 33 on its inner side to move away from the dialyzer 3, releasing the constraint of the clamping mechanism 26 on the dialyzer 3.Turn on the vibration motors 275 on both the left and right sides. At the same time, the motor Ⅰ 23 drives the dialyzer 3 to tilt forward and backward. The tilt angle sensor 35 on the elastic pad 33 on the inner side of the vibration plate 274 detects the tilt angle of the dialyzer 3, facilitating the precise control of the tilt angle of the dialyzer 3. When the priming solution passes through the dialyzer 3, the vibration motors 275 of the left support plate 24 and the right support plate 25 are at different heights. With the synergistic effect of the motor Ⅰ 23 driving the dialyzer 3 to tilt, the dialyzer 3 is in a multi-dimensional mixed motion. Driven by the priming solution, the air and impurities attached to the inner wall of the dialyzer 3 and the fiber membrane inside the dialyzer 3 can be separated and discharged as soon as possible. After the dialyzer 3 tilts forward and backward, it is also conducive to the gas and impurities attached to the top inside the dialyzer 3 to be discharged through the venous end. After the gas and impurities in the membrane of the dialyzer 3 are discharged, connect the bypass interface on the dialyzer 3 to the bypass pipeline correspondingly. The controller controls the motor Ⅰ 23 to drive the dialyzer 3 to flip, making the arterial end of the dialyzer 3 face upward. Open the bypass pipeline to flush the outside of the membrane of the dialyzer 3. At the same time, turn on the two vibration motors 275, and the motor Ⅰ 23 drives the dialyzer 3 to swing slightly up and down, which can quickly exhaust the gas and impurities outside the membrane of the dialyzer 3. This hemodialysis machine realizes the automatic flipping, automatic tilting, and automatic vibration of the dialyzer 3, thereby realizing automatic air exhaust and impurity discharge without manual operation. Medical staff only need to connect the venous end, arterial end, and bypass interface, which greatly reduces manual operation, further reduces the chance of contact with the instrument, and reduces the infection risk brought by subsequent connection of the human dynamic and static puncture needle connectors during manual operation. At the same time, through automatic control, it also avoids the risk of embolism caused by the incomplete exhaustion of impurities in the dialyzer and gas inside and outside the dialyzer membrane due to non-standard operation by medical staff, greatly reducing the dependence on medical staff and providing better guarantee for the exhaustion of gas and impurities inside and outside the membrane of the primed dialyzer 3.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis machine, comprising a hemodialysis machine body (1) and a dialyzer support (2), wherein the dialyzer support (2) is mounted on the hemodialysis machine body (1), and characterized in that: The dialyzer support (2) comprises a connecting mounting seat (21), a cylinder I (22), a motor I (23), a left support plate (24) and a right support plate (25); one end of the connecting mounting seat (21) is detachably connected to the front side of the dialyzer body (1), the other end of the connecting mounting seat (21) extends outward from the front side of the dialyzer body (1), the cylinder I (22) is fixed to the other end of the connecting mounting seat (21), the piston rod of the cylinder I (22) extends horizontally to the left side of the dialyzer body (1), the motor I (23) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder I (22), the power output shaft of the motor I (23) is horizontally arranged, the left support plate (24) is ) and the right support plate (25) are both arc-shaped plates, the inner concave arc-shaped surfaces of the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) correspond to each other, the rear ends of the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) are hinged to each other, the front ends of the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) form a clamping end of the dialyzer (3), and the power output shaft of the motor I (23) is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the left support plate (24); the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) are provided with a clamping mechanism (26) for clamping the dialyzer (3), and the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) are also provided with a vibration mechanism (27) for vibrating the dialyzer (3).

2. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism (27) comprises a left vibration mechanism installed at the middle of the inner side of the left support plate (24) and a right vibration mechanism installed at the middle of the inner side of the right support plate (25). The left vibration mechanism and the right vibration mechanism both comprise a cylinder II (271), a guide tube (272) with an open end, a vibration spring (273), a vibration plate (274) and a vibration motor (275). The middle of the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) are both provided with a cylinder II mounting hole (276). The left cylinder II (271) is fixedly installed in the cylinder II mounting hole (276) of the left support plate (24), and the right cylinder II (271) is fixedly installed in the cylinder II mounting hole (276) of the right support plate (25). The piston rod of the cylinder II (271) faces inward, and the guide tube (272) is fixedly connected to the cylinder II mounting hole (276). On the piston rod of cylinder II (271), one end of the vibration spring (273) is fixedly connected to the inner end wall of the guide cylinder (272), and the other end of the vibration spring (273) extends out of the open end of the guide cylinder (272) and is fixedly connected to the vibration plate (274). The outer diameter of the guide cylinder (272) is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole (276) of cylinder II. The vibration plate (274) is an arc-shaped plate. The concave arc surfaces of the left vibration plate (274) and the right vibration plate (274) correspond to each other, and the left vibration plate (274) and the right vibration plate (274) are used to clamp the dialyzer (3) during vibration. The left vibration motor (275) is installed at the left bottom of the left vibration plate (274), and the right vibration motor (275) is installed at the right top of the right vibration plate (274).

3. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A clamping mechanism (26) is installed on the inner side of the left support plate (24) near the upper and lower sides and on the inner side of the right support plate (25) near the upper and lower sides. The clamping mechanism (26) includes a clamping cylinder III (261) and a clamping plate (262). Cylinder III mounting holes (263) are provided on the inner side of the left support plate (24) near the upper and lower sides and on the inner side of the right support plate (25) near the upper and lower sides. Each cylinder III mounting hole (263) is installed with a clamping cylinder III (261). The clamping cylinder III (261) The piston rod faces inward, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder III (261) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (262), wherein the clamping plate (262) is an arc-shaped plate. The inner side of the left support plate (24) close to the upper clamping plate (262) and the inner side of the right support plate (25) close to the upper clamping plate (262) form a group of dialyzer clamping plates, and the inner side of the left support plate (24) close to the lower clamping plate (262) and the inner side of the right support plate (25) close to the lower clamping plate (262) form another group of dialyzer clamping plates.

4. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear ends of the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) are hinged to each other through a positioning and rotating mechanism, and the positioning and rotating mechanism includes a rotating shaft (28) and a torsion spring (29). The rear end of the left support plate (24) is provided with at least two grooves (30) near the inner side, and the rear end of the right support plate (25) is provided with protrusions (31) whose number is equal to the number of the grooves (30) and which cooperate with each other. The rear end of the left support plate (24) and the protrusions (31) are both provided with through holes I (32). The protrusions (31) on the rear end of the right support plate (25) are located on the rear end of the corresponding left support plate (24). The rotating shaft (28) passes through the through hole I (32) on the rear end of the left supporting plate (24) and the through hole I (32) on the protrusion (31). A torsion spring (29) is sleeved on both ends of the rotating shaft (28) in each groove (30) and located at the corresponding protrusion (31). One end of the torsion spring (29) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding groove (30), and the other end of the torsion spring (29) is fixedly connected to the corresponding protrusion (31). When the torsion spring (29) is in a natural state, the front end snap-in ends of the left supporting plate (24) and the right supporting plate (25) are close to each other.

5. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner sides of the vibration plate (274) and the clamping plate (262) are both provided with elastic pads (33), and the inner side surfaces of each elastic pad (33) are both installed with pressure sensors (34) and inclination sensors (35), and the pressure sensors (34) and inclination sensors (35) are both electrically connected to the controller in the dialysis machine body (1), and the cylinder I (22), motor I (23), cylinder II (271) and clamping cylinder III (261) are all controlled by the controller in the dialysis machine body (1).

6. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support seat (11) is arranged near the lower part of the left side wall of the dialysis machine body (1), and a support arm (12) is arranged near the upper part of the left side wall of the dialysis machine body (1). The support seat (11) is provided with a socket, and the support arm (12) is provided with a through hole II. The support rod (41) of the infusion stand (4) passes through the through hole II on the support arm (12), and the bottom of the support rod (41) is inserted into the socket on the support seat (11). The distance between the clamping center formed by the left support plate (24) and the right support plate (25) and the support rod (41) is greater than half the length of the dialyzer (3).

7. The hemodialysis machine according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The connecting mounting seat (21) comprises an insertion section (211) and an external section (212); the cross section of the insertion section (211) is a rectangular structure; four surfaces of the insertion section (211) are provided with card slots (213); a mounting hole (13) with a rectangular cross section is provided on the front side and near the left side of the dialysis machine body (1); each surface of the inner wall of the mounting hole (13) is provided with a circular hole (14) corresponding to the card slot (213); the circular hole (14) is composed of a small diameter near the inner side and a small diameter near the inner side. The circular hole (14) is composed of a circular hole section I and a circular hole section II with a larger diameter close to the outside, and a limiting mechanism (5) is installed in each circular hole (14); the limiting mechanism (5) comprises a cylinder IV (51), a limiting plate (52), a guide sleeve (53), a limiting block (54), a limiting spring (55) and a pull rope (56); the cylinder IV (51) is installed in the circular hole section I, the limiting plate (52) is stuck in the circular hole section II and is close to the step formed between the circular hole section I and the circular hole section II, and the middle part of the limiting plate (52) A limiting hole is provided, the guide sleeve (53) passes through the limiting hole and is slidably matched with the limiting hole, the limiting clamp (54) is provided in the circular hole section II and is slidably matched with the inner wall of the circular hole section II, the inner side end of the limiting clamp (54) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the guide sleeve (53), the piston rod of the cylinder IV (51) extends toward the inner end of the guide sleeve (53), the limiting spring (55) is sleeved outside the guide sleeve (53) and is located between the limiting clamp (54) and the limiting plate (52), the limiting spring (55) ) is fixed to the inner end of the limit block (54), the other end of the limit spring (55) is fixed to the limit plate (52), the pull rope (56) passes through the guide sleeve (53), one end of the pull rope (56) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the limit block (54), and the other end of the pull rope (56) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder IV (51); the insertion section (211) is inserted into the mounting hole (13), and the outer end of the limit block (54) is inserted into the corresponding slot (213).

8. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder IV (51) is controlled by a controller in the dialysis machine body (1).

9. The hemodialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration spring (273) is a hollow spring, and a power cord passes through the hollow cavity of the vibration spring (273). One end of the power cord is connected to the power supply in the dialysis machine body (1), and the other end of the power cord is connected to the vibration motor (275) on the corresponding side.

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