Low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting electrochemical energy storage cabin

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin, which comprises a liquid nitrogen tank and a plurality of battery cabinets arranged in the electrochemical energy storage cabin, and each battery cabinet is provided with a liquid cooling system; the output end of the liquid nitrogen tank is communicated with a nitrogen tank, the output end of the nitrogen tank is sequentially communicated with a nanometer material releasing device and a honeycomb type micropore spraying array, and the nanometer material releasing device is used for uniformly doping nanometer materials into conveyed low-temperature gaseous nitrogen; the honeycomb type microporous jet array is used for releasing the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and the nano material to the periphery of the battery cabinet at a preset rate and flow rate; heat exchange equipment is tightly attached to the surface of the nitrogen tank and configured to convey cold energy of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen to the liquid cooling system for heat exchange, the cold energy of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen is efficiently utilized, the oxygenolysis process of the energy storage equipment is slowed down, impact damage of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen to the energy storage equipment is reduced, and the operation stability of the energy storage system is improved. And the service life of the electrochemical energy storage battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental control and equipment protection for electrochemical energy storage cabins, and specifically to a device for highly efficient utilization of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the transformation of the energy structure and the popularization and application of new energy, electrochemical energy storage protection technology plays a key role. In the field of liquid nitrogen protection for electrochemical energy storage cabins, nitrogen inerting technology has become a research hotspot for the efficient utilization of wasted liquid nitrogen. This technology inertizes the cabin environment by discharging low-temperature gaseous nitrogen in a liquid nitrogen tank into the electrochemical energy storage cabin. However, the heat absorption efficiency of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen is low, and a large amount of cold energy is discharged without being utilized, and it may cause local supercooling in the energy storage cabin, resulting in deterioration of battery performance and operation failures. Some scholars recover the vaporized low-temperature gaseous nitrogen through a condenser, but the system needs to be equipped with a high-energy-consuming compressor unit, and its operating energy consumption can reach 5% - 8% of the total output of the energy storage system, with poor economy. In addition, the nitrogen purity is easily contaminated by the decomposition products of the electrolyte in the cabin, and additional purification treatment is required after recovery. In summary, when the existing technology uses low-temperature gaseous nitrogen to inertize the electrochemical energy storage cabin environment, it cannot solve the problem of cold energy waste, and there are defects such as low utilization efficiency of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, high system energy consumption and cost, and delayed inerting response. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for highly efficient utilization of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for highly efficient utilization of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A device for highly efficient utilization of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin, including a liquid nitrogen tank and a plurality of battery cabinets arranged in the electrochemical energy storage cabin, and each of the battery cabinets is equipped with a liquid cooling system; a nitrogen gas tank connected to the output end of the liquid nitrogen tank, and the nitrogen gas tank receives the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen released from the liquid nitrogen tank; the output end of the nitrogen gas tank is sequentially connected to a nano-material release device and a honeycomb microporous injection array. The nano-material release device is configured to uniformly dope nano-materials into the transported low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, and the honeycomb microporous injection array is configured to release the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and nano-materials around the battery cabinets at a preset rate and flow rate; and

[0005] A heat exchange device is closely attached to the surface of the nitrogen gas tank, and the heat exchange device is configured to transfer the cold energy of the transported low-temperature gaseous nitrogen to the liquid cooling system for heat exchange.

[0006] Preferably, the honeycomb microporous injection array includes a plurality of honeycomb microporous injection devices, and the battery cabinet is adjacent to at least one of the honeycomb microporous injection devices so that the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and nanomaterials released by the honeycomb microporous injection devices completely cover the surface of the battery cabinet after deposition.

[0007] Preferably, the nanomaterial is a mixture of a hydrophobic modified silica and graphene.

[0008] Preferably, the honeycomb microporous injection device includes a nitrogen delivery short pipe, on which a plurality of injection micropores are uniformly opened, and a plurality of lateral injection micropores are uniformly arranged.

[0009] Preferably, the nanomaterial release device includes a nanomaterial storage module and a nanomaterial delivery module. The nanomaterial storage module is used to store nanomaterials. The nanomaterial delivery module is arranged in the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen delivery path in the same direction. A one-way valve is provided between the nanomaterial storage module and the nanomaterial delivery module, and the one-way valve is configured to uniformly and unidirectionally release nanomaterials towards the nanomaterial delivery module under the action of the self-weight of the nanomaterials.

[0010] Preferably, a stirring device is arranged in the nanomaterial storage module, and the stirring device is configured to disperse and mix the nanomaterials in the nanomaterial storage module.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid cooling system includes a liquid cooling sub-module arranged on each battery cabinet. One channel of the liquid cooling sub-module is connected to a liquid cooling host through an initial cooling pipeline; and

[0012] The other channel of the liquid cooling sub-module is connected to a heat exchange device through a cooling capacity delivery pipeline to receive the cold energy of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen transferred by the heat exchange device.

[0013] Preferably, a control system is further arranged in the electro-chemical energy storage cabin. The control system includes a control module, and

[0014] Each battery cabinet is equipped with a multi-parameter sensor, and the multi-parameter sensor feeds back the detection data to the control module in real time through a data transmission line;

[0015] A pressure relief valve is arranged between the nitrogen tank and the nanomaterial release device and is connected to the control module to release low-temperature gaseous nitrogen based on the control module's instruction.

[0016] An experimental training model is embedded in the control module. The experimental training model constructs a three-dimensional correlation matrix of oxygen concentration-temperature-humidity based on the data fed back by the multi-parameter sensor to quantify the oxidation process. The calculation formula of the oxidation process is: Where C is the thickness of the oxide layer and k is the reaction constant, is the oxygen partial pressure, E a is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature; when the thickness of the oxide layer is greater than the safety threshold or the oxygen concentration-temperature-humidity combined index enters a preset high-level range, an inerting requirement is triggered.

[0017] Preferably, the honeycomb microporous injection device further includes a piezoelectric brake, and the braking end of the piezoelectric brake is connected to the pore walls of the injection micropores and the lateral injection micropores. The piezoelectric brake adjusts the braking force in real time based on the instruction of the control module to achieve the bending and closing of the pore walls.

[0018] Preferably, a liquid level gauge and a pressure gauge are provided on the liquid nitrogen tank to monitor the liquid level and air pressure in the liquid nitrogen tank in real time, and an electromagnetic valve is provided between the liquid nitrogen tank and the nitrogen gas tank. The electromagnetic valve is configured to open when the monitored liquid level and air pressure are greater than the threshold value, and convey low-temperature gaseous nitrogen into the nitrogen gas tank.

[0019] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, a nanomaterial release device and a honeycomb microporous injection array are sequentially connected to the output end of the nitrogen gas tank. By uniformly doping nanomaterials in the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and reaching near the battery cabinet at an appropriate temperature and rate, the nanomaterials carried are quickly deposited on the surface of the battery cabinet due to their own weight and electrostatic action, forming a protective layer with multiple functions such as oxygen resistance, waterproofing, heat transfer, and impact resistance. The protective layer is composed of hydrophobically modified silica and graphene; the surface of the hydrophobically modified silica is organically treated and contains a large number of active groups, forming a network structure after drying, which has the functions of adsorbing impurities, hydrophobicity, impact resistance, and heat transfer; in addition, the combination of graphene and hydrophobically modified silica can improve the density and structural strength of the protective layer, blocking external oxygen from entering the battery cabinet; the coupling effect of the nanomaterial protective layer and the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen realizes the effective inerting of the electrochemical energy storage cabin.

[0020] In addition, through the action of the honeycomb microporous injection array, the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen is uniformly released at a specific rate and flow rate, effectively improving the utilization rate of nitrogen gas and avoiding the failure of inerting protection caused by too high or too low local nitrogen concentration;

[0021] In the present invention, through the action of the heat exchange device, part of the cold energy of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen is transferred to the liquid cooling sub-module, raising the temperature of the nitrogen gas to an appropriate range, reducing the energy consumption of the liquid cooling system; preventing the freezing of nanomaterials; avoiding mechanical damage to the electrochemical energy storage battery due to the impact of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, and ensuring the stable operation of the electrochemical energy storage system;

[0022] The present invention can efficiently utilize the cold energy of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, slow down the oxidation and decomposition process of energy storage devices, reduce the impact damage of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen on energy storage devices, improve the operation stability of the energy storage system, and extend the service life of electrochemical energy storage batteries. Description of the Drawings

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for efficiently utilizing low-temperature gaseous nitrogen for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the honeycomb microporous injection device according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the nanomaterial release device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a working flowchart of the gasified liquid nitrogen recycling device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to the present invention;

[0029] Reference numerals in the figures: 1, self-supplying liquid interface; 2, one-way liquid supply valve; 3, liquid level gauge; 4, flange; 5, barometer; 6, liquid nitrogen; 7, liquid nitrogen tank; 8, solenoid valve; 9, heat exchange equipment; 10, nitrogen tank; 11, control module; 12, pressure relief valve; 13, nanomaterial release device; 14, data transmission line; 15, honeycomb microporous injection device; 16, multi-parameter sensor; 17, nitrogen transmission pipeline; 18, battery cabinet; 19, liquid cooling sub-module; 20, initial cooling pipeline; 21, liquid cooling host; 22, nanomaterial delivery module; 23, nanomaterial storage module; 24, stirring device; 25, nanomaterial; 26, one-way valve; 27, injection micropore; 28, nitrogen transmission short pipe; 29, lateral injection micropore; 30, electrochemical energy storage cabin; 31, piezoelectric brake. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0031] Embodiment: As Figure 1 shown, a device for efficiently utilizing low-temperature gaseous nitrogen for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin 30 includes: arranged inside the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30:

[0032] A liquid nitrogen tank 7 for storing liquid nitrogen and unemitted low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, refer to Figure 1As shown in the figure, a self-supplying liquid interface 1, a one-way liquid supply valve 2, a liquid level gauge 3, a flange 4 and a barometer 5 are arranged on the liquid nitrogen tank 7. Liquid nitrogen 6 flows into the liquid nitrogen tank 7 through the self-supplying liquid interface 1 via the one-way valve 26 and is stored in a sealed manner under a high-pressure environment. The liquid level gauge 3 and the barometer 5 monitor the liquid level and air pressure of the liquid nitrogen 6 in the liquid nitrogen tank 7 in real time; and a self-pressurizing device can be set at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen tank 7 according to requirements. The self-pressurizing device is arranged inside the nitrogen tank 10 and adopts a pressure-compensated pressurization design. By extracting a small amount of liquid nitrogen 6 as the initial working medium, after the pressure of the initial working medium is adjusted in the pressurization chamber, it returns to the storage tank to provide reliable power for the continuous supply of nitrogen, avoiding the interruption of transportation or unstable flow caused by air pressure fluctuations and ensuring the continuous operation of the system; the installation of the one-way liquid supply valve 2 ensures the one-way flow of nitrogen in the pipeline, effectively avoiding the system pressure fluctuations and the reflux of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen caused by reverse flow;

[0033] There are multiple battery cabinets 18, and the battery cabinets 18 are configured with a liquid cooling system. Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the liquid cooling system includes liquid cooling sub-modules arranged on each battery cabinet 18. One channel of the liquid cooling sub-module is connected to the liquid cooling host 21 through the initial cooling pipeline 19; 20. The liquid cooling host 21 supplies cold energy to the liquid cooling sub-module through the initial cooling pipeline 19; 20;

[0034] The output end of the liquid nitrogen tank 7 is connected to the nitrogen tank 10 through a pipeline, and a solenoid valve 8 is set on the pipeline for control; the nitrogen tank 10 receives the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen released from the liquid nitrogen tank 7. The output end of the nitrogen tank 10 is sequentially connected to the nano-material 25 release device 13 and the honeycomb microporous injection array through the nitrogen transmission pipeline 17; the nano-material release device 13 is configured to uniformly dope the nano-material 25 into the transported low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, and the honeycomb microporous injection array is configured to release the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and the nano-material around the battery cabinet 18 at a preset rate and flow rate;

[0035] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, for the honeycomb microporous injection array, it includes a plurality of honeycomb microporous injection devices 15. Each battery cabinet 18 is adjacent to at least one honeycomb microporous injection device 15 so that the deposited low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and nano-material 25 released by the honeycomb microporous injection device 15 completely cover the surface of the battery cabinet 18.

[0036] Among them, in this embodiment, the nanomaterial 25 is a mixture of hydrophobically modified silica and graphene; the surface of the hydrophobically modified silica is treated with organic treatment, contains a large number of active groups, and forms a network structure after drying, which has the functions of adsorbing impurities, hydrophobicity, impact resistance and heat transfer. In addition, the combination of graphene and hydrophobically modified silica can improve the density and structural strength of the protective layer, blocking the external oxygen from entering the battery cabinet 18; the protective layer of the nanomaterial 25 is coupled with the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen to achieve effective inertization of the electrochemical energy storage compartment 30;

[0037] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the honeycomb micro-hole injection device 15 includes a nitrogen delivery short pipe 28, on which a plurality of injection micro-holes 27 are evenly opened, and a plurality of lateral injection micro-holes 29 are evenly arranged, so as to realize the connection of the injection pipes at both ends and the uniform distribution of the injection ports;

[0038] For nanomaterial release devices 13, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the nanomaterial release device 13 includes a nanomaterial storage module 23 and a nanomaterial delivery module 22. The nanomaterial storage module 23 is used to store nanomaterials 25. The nanomaterial delivery module 22 is arranged in the same direction in the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen delivery path. A one-way valve 26 is arranged between the nanomaterial storage module 23 and the nanomaterial delivery module 22. The one-way valve 26 is configured to release the nanomaterial 25 uniformly and unidirectionally toward the nanomaterial delivery module 22 under the action of the self-weight of the nanomaterial 25. In this embodiment, the one-way valve 26 adopts a conical structure with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet, and is made of elastic material (silicone, rubber). During forward flow, the fluid pressure opens the valve flap, and the nanomaterial 25 is released through the narrow outlet along with the carrier. During reverse flow, the reverse pressure or fluid static force makes the valve flap close to the outlet, forming a physical seal to block backflow.

[0039] In this embodiment, a stirring device 24 is provided in the nanomaterial storage module 23, and the stirring device 24 is configured to break up and mix the nanomaterial 25 in the nanomaterial storage module 23. In this embodiment, a gravity-driven self-rotating stirring rod is used to achieve stirring through an inclined setting and the self-weight of the nanomaterial 25;

[0040] refer to Figure 1 As shown, a heat exchange device 9 is closely attached to the surface of the nitrogen tank 10, and the heat exchange device 9 is connected to another channel of the liquid cooling submodule through a cold energy delivery pipeline, so that part of the cold energy of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen is transmitted through the heat exchange device 9, and is transmitted to the liquid cooling submodule through the matching cold energy delivery pipeline, and together with the liquid cooling host 21, the cooling and temperature reduction of the electrochemical energy storage battery are completed; the energy consumption of the liquid cooling system is reduced; the freezing of the nanomaterial 25 is prevented; the electrochemical energy storage battery is prevented from being mechanically damaged by the impact of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, and the stable operation of the electrochemical energy storage system is guaranteed.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a control system is also provided in the electrochemical energy storage compartment 30. The control system includes a control module 11, and

[0042] Each battery cabinet 18 is equipped with a multi-parameter sensor 16. The multi-parameter sensor 16 feeds back the detection data to the control module 11 in real time through a data transmission line 14. The multi-parameter sensor 16 performs high-precision monitoring on key parameters such as oxygen concentration, temperature, humidity, and particulate matter, and quickly feeds back the monitoring data to the control module 11 in real time, ensuring that the control system can timely obtain the changes in environmental parameters and providing an accurate basis for subsequent regulation;

[0043] A pressure relief valve 12 is provided between the nitrogen gas tank 10 and the nanomaterial release device 13 and is connected to the control module 11 to release low-temperature gaseous nitrogen based on the instruction of the control module 11;

[0044] The test training model is embedded inside the control module 11. The test training model is mobilized to extract time series features such as the oxygen concentration change rate and the temperature and humidity fluctuation period, and a three-dimensional correlation matrix of oxygen concentration - temperature - humidity is constructed based on this to quantitatively judge the oxidation process of the energy storage compartment, battery, and other equipment. The calculation formula for the oxidation process is: where C is the thickness of the oxide layer, k is the reaction constant, is the oxygen partial pressure, Ea is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature; and combined with the digital twin technology, it is determined that the thickness of the oxide layer exceeds the safety threshold or the oxygen concentration - temperature - humidity combined index enters the high-level interval, triggering the inerting demand;

[0045] Based on the inerting demand, the honeycomb microporous injection device 15 also includes a piezoelectric brake 31. The control module 11 adjusts the input voltage and frequency of the piezoelectric brake 31 in real time according to the instruction signal of the test training model. The braking end of the piezoelectric brake is connected to the pore walls of the injection micropores and the lateral injection micropores, and the bending and closing of the pore walls are achieved by applying braking force, thereby adjusting the injection diameter and the number of injection ports of the honeycomb microporous injection array.

[0046] Through intelligent control, the system can dynamically adjust the operation parameters according to the real-time monitoring data, realize efficient and precise inerting control, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system;

[0047] Reference Figure 4As shown in the figure, it is the working flow chart of the gasified liquid nitrogen recycling device for inerting the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30. The liquid level gauge 3 and the pressure gauge 5 monitor the liquid level and pressure of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 7 in real time; when the monitored values exceed the set thresholds, the solenoid valve 8 opens, and the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen enters the nitrogen tank 10 through the pipeline; on the one hand, the nitrogen tank 10 and the liquid cooling host 21 together complete the cooling and temperature reduction of the electrochemical energy storage battery through the heat exchange device 9; on the other hand, under the control of the control system, the nitrogen tank 10 opens the pressure relief valve 12 to transport the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 10 to the nanomaterial release device 13;

[0048] When the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen flows through the nanomaterial release device 13, the one-way valve 26 opens, and the nanomaterials fall evenly under their own weight to the nanomaterial conveying module 22 and enter the nitrogen conveying pipeline under the entrainment of the high-speed nitrogen; when accumulating in the nanomaterial storage module 23, the nanomaterials 25 are evenly mixed under the full stirring of the stirring device 24 and immediately fall to the nanomaterial conveying module 22 due to their own weight when the one-way valve 26 opens;

[0049] The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen carrying a large amount of nanomaterials reaches the honeycomb microporous injection array evenly distributed on the body of the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30 through the nitrogen transportation pipeline; the control system adjusts the injection diameter and the number of injection ports of the honeycomb microporous injection array so that the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen is stably released near the battery cabinet 18 at a specific rate and flow rate until the entire body of the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30 is filled;

[0050] When the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen reaches near the battery cabinet 18 at an appropriate temperature and rate, the nanomaterials 25 carried by it quickly deposit on the surface of the battery cabinet 18 due to their own weight and electrostatic action, forming a protective layer with multiple functions such as oxygen resistance, waterproof, heat transfer, and impact resistance; the nanomaterial protective layer and the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen act in a coupled manner to achieve effective inerting of the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30.

[0051] The multi-parameter sensor 16 detects the oxidation process and inerting effect of the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30, the battery cabinet 18 and other equipment in real time, and feeds back to the control system in time to adjust the release rate and flow rate of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen; the above process ( Figure 4 ) continuously circulates to ensure the efficient inerting of the environment of the electrochemical energy storage cabin 30 body, delay the oxidation and decomposition process of the electrochemical energy storage equipment, reduce the impact impulse of the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen, improve the operation stability of the electrochemical energy storage system, and extend the service life of the energy storage battery and other equipment.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, after learning the content recorded in the present invention, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several equivalent transformations and substitutions can still be made, and these equivalent transformations and substitutions should also be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin, comprising a liquid nitrogen tank and a plurality of battery cabinets arranged in the electrochemical energy storage cabin, wherein the battery cabinets are all equipped with a liquid cooling system; characterized in that: The output end of the liquid nitrogen tank is connected to a nitrogen tank, and the nitrogen tank receives the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen released from the liquid nitrogen tank; the output end of the nitrogen tank is sequentially connected to a nanomaterial release device and a honeycomb microporous injection array, the nanomaterial release device is configured to uniformly dope nanomaterials into the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen being transported, and the honeycomb microporous injection array is configured to release the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and nanomaterials to the surrounding of the battery cabinet at a preset rate and flow rate; as well as A heat exchange device is closely attached to the surface of the nitrogen tank, and the heat exchange device is configured to transport cold energy of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen to the liquid cooling system for heat exchange.

2. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The honeycomb microporous injection array includes a plurality of honeycomb microporous injection devices, and the battery cabinet is adjacent to at least one of the honeycomb microporous injection devices, so that the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen and nanomaterials released by the honeycomb microporous injection device can completely cover the surface of the battery cabinet after deposition.

3. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nano material is a mixture of hydrophobically modified silicon dioxide and graphene.

4. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The honeycomb micro-hole injection device comprises a nitrogen delivery short tube, on which a plurality of injection micro-holes are evenly opened and a plurality of lateral injection micro-holes are evenly distributed.

5. A low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The nanomaterial releasing device includes a nanomaterial storage module and a nanomaterial delivery module, wherein the nanomaterial storage module is used to store nanomaterials, and the nanomaterial delivery module is arranged in the same direction in the low-temperature gaseous nitrogen delivery path, and a one-way valve is arranged between the nanomaterial storage module and the nanomaterial delivery module, and the one-way valve is configured to release the nanomaterial uniformly and unidirectionally toward the nanomaterial delivery module under the action of the nanomaterial's own weight.

6. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 5, characterized in that: A stirring device is arranged in the nano material storage module, and the stirring device is configured to break up and mix the nano material in the nano material storage module.

7. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling system comprises a liquid cooling submodule arranged on each of the battery cabinets, wherein a channel of the liquid cooling submodule is connected to a liquid cooling host through an initial cooling pipe; and Another channel of the liquid cooling submodule is connected to the heat exchange device through a cold transport pipeline to receive cold energy of low-temperature gaseous nitrogen transmitted by the heat exchange device.

8. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrochemical energy storage compartment is also provided with a control system, which includes a control module and Each of the battery cabinets is equipped with a multi-parameter sensor, which feeds back detection data to the control module in real time through a data transmission line; The pressure relief valve is arranged between the nitrogen tank and the nanomaterial release device and is connected to the control module to release low-temperature gaseous nitrogen based on the instruction of the control module. The control module is embedded with an experimental training model, which constructs a three-dimensional correlation matrix of oxygen concentration-temperature-humidity based on the data fed back by the multi-parameter sensor to quantify the oxidation process. The calculation formula of the oxidation process is: Where C is the thickness of the oxide layer, k is the reaction constant, is the oxygen partial pressure, E a is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature; when the thickness of the oxide layer is greater than the safety threshold or the oxygen concentration-temperature-humidity combined index enters the preset high range, the inerting requirement is triggered.

9. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 8, characterized in that: The honeycomb micropore injection device also includes a piezoelectric brake, the braking end of the piezoelectric brake is connected to the hole walls of the injection micropores and the lateral injection micropores, and the piezoelectric brake adjusts the braking force in real time based on the control module instructions to achieve bending and closing of the hole walls.

10. The low-temperature gaseous nitrogen efficient utilization device for inerting an electrochemical energy storage cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen tank is provided with a liquid level gauge and a barometer to monitor the liquid level and air pressure in the liquid nitrogen tank in real time, and an electromagnetic valve is provided between the liquid nitrogen tank and the nitrogen tank, and the electromagnetic valve is configured to open when the monitored liquid level and air pressure are greater than a threshold value, solenoid valve to transport low-temperature gaseous nitrogen into the nitrogen tank.

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