Manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube

Abstract

The invention discloses a manual tungsten electrode welding method for a zirconium pipe, relates to the field of zirconium pipe welding, and provides the following scheme for solving the problems that the zirconium pipe is a new material, few cases are referenced in the welding method, and no matched tool is used for matching so as to improve the welding efficiency. The method comprises the steps that firstly, two sections of zirconium pipes to be welded are clamped on a clamping and polishing tool, and groove machining treatment is conducted on the zirconium pipes to be welded till silver white is exposed on the surfaces; and 2, the two sections of zirconium pipes are assembled, then the assembled zirconium pipes are welded through a tungsten electrode welding gun, and the front face and the back face of a welding seam are protected through welding gun protection gas, zirconium pipe external protection gas and zirconium pipe internal protection gas in the welding process. According to the method, the measures of welding seam front face large nozzle protection and in-pipe argon filling welding seam back face protection are adopted, the protection effect on a high-temperature area welding seam and a heat affected area is ensured, the welding quality is ensured, the clamping and grinding tool is arranged, and the universality during zirconium pipe welding is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of zirconium tube welding, and particularly to a manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tubes. Background Art

[0002] Zirconium is a non-rare metal, silvery white in color. It has a melting point as high as 1852 °C, a boiling point of 3850 °C, and a density of 6.5 g / cm 3 . Zirconium is a highly reactive metal and can react strongly with oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen at slightly higher temperatures. Zirconium starts to react with oxygen at 200 °C, with hydrogen at 300 °C, and with nitrogen at 400 °C. At the same time, zirconium is also very sensitive to the presence of impurities. Trace amounts of impurities (such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, etc.) can cause its embrittlement, bringing many difficulties to welding and hot processing. Therefore, strict control of gases and impurities is required during welding.

[0003] At the same time, zirconium has good corrosion resistance. It has high corrosion resistance to organic acids, strong alkalis, and certain liquid metals. It has strong corrosion resistance to water vapor, seawater, and liquids at high temperature and high pressure. And there is a stable, dense, firmly bonded, and self-healing zirconia film on the surface of zirconium, which is an important structural material in atomic energy reactor engineering.

[0004] Because zirconium has good corrosion resistance, especially its extremely high high-temperature resistance, which is incomparable to current stainless steel and titanium, it has great development space in the fields of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant engineering materials such as chemical industry, petroleum, and nuclear energy. However, since it is a new material, there are few case references for welding methods. Therefore, it is necessary to study a welding method for zirconium tubes to ensure that no welding defects occur during the welding process of zirconium tubes. It is also necessary to ensure that it has strong corrosion resistance and high-temperature resistance to water vapor, seawater, and liquids at high temperature and high pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tubes, which solves the problem that zirconium tubes are new materials and there are few case references for welding methods, and there is no suitable tooling to cooperate, so as to improve the welding efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tubes, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Clamp the two sections of zirconium tubes to be welded on a clamping and grinding tooling, and perform bevel processing on the zirconium tubes to be welded until the silver-white surface is exposed;

[0008] Step 2: Assemble two sections of zirconium tubes, then use a tungsten electrode welding torch to weld the assembled zirconium tubes, and protect the front and back of the weld during welding through the shielding gas of the welding torch, the external shielding gas of the zirconium tube, and the internal shielding gas of the zirconium tube;

[0009] Among them, the flow rate of the shielding gas of the welding torch is 25 - 35 L / min, the flow rate of the external shielding gas of the zirconium tube is 70 - 80 L / min, and the flow rate of the internal shielding gas of the zirconium tube is 50 - 60 L / min.

[0010] Preferably, the nozzle of the tungsten electrode welding torch is above Φ25, the tungsten electrode is Φ2.5 - 3.5 mm, the extension length of the tungsten electrode is 5 - 6.5 mm, the welding wire is Φ2 - 3 mm, and the welding current is 100 - 130 A.

[0011] Preferably, the groove machining treatment in Step 1 includes successively grinding the oxides, oxide films, burrs, oil, and rust on the inner and outer sides of the zirconium tube groove, and scrubbing and drying with acetone.

[0012] Preferably, the welding in Step 2 is carried out in multiple sections. Before welding each section in the multiple-section welding, tack welding of the weld joint is first performed. After welding each section in the multiple-section welding, the interpass temperature is measured. When the interpass temperature is lower than 100 °C, then the next section is welded.

[0013] Preferably, the groove machining treatment makes the root face width of the zirconium tube be 1.0 - 1.5 mm, and the root face gap during assembly is 2.0 - 2.5 mm, and the groove angle is 60 ± 5°.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping and grinding tooling in Step 1 includes a slide rail frame. Both ends of the slide rail frame are symmetrically and slidably connected with slide seats, and a telescopic rod is installed on the slide rail frame. The upper end of the telescopic rod is connected to a support plate. A clamping mechanism is arranged on the slide seat, and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the zirconium tube to be welded. A grinding mechanism is arranged on the support plate, and the grinding mechanism is used to grind the zirconium tube groove. A driving mechanism is arranged on the slide rail frame, and the driving mechanism is used to pull the zirconium tubes on both sides of the slide seats closer to each other to weld the zirconium tubes.

[0015] Preferably, the grinding mechanism includes a sleeve, a disc, a second servo motor, a lead screw, a collar, a limit slide rail, a first rotating plate, a right-angle limit seat, and a mounting plate. The sleeve is connected to the support plate, and a bidirectional telescopic rod is rotatably sleeved inside the sleeve. Both ends of the bidirectional telescopic rod are connected to a guide cylinder, and sliding grooves are arrayed and penetrated through the outer side of the guide cylinder. The disc is connected to the guide cylinder. The second servo motor is connected inside the guide cylinder. The lead screw is connected to the second servo motor. The collar is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the lead screw and slides inside the guide cylinder. The limit slide rail is penetrated through the disc along the radial direction of the disc, and a limit slider is slidably connected inside the limit slide rail. One end of the first rotating plate is rotatably connected to the limit slider, and the other end passes through the sliding groove and is rotatably connected to the collar. The right-angle limit seat is connected to the limit slider. The mounting plate is rotatably connected to the right-angle limit seat through a spring hinge, and a grinding rod is connected to the right-angle limit seat. The grinding rod is limited by the side frames on both sides of the right-angle limit seat.

[0016] Preferably, a gear ring is sleeved on the outer side of the bidirectional telescopic rod inside the sleeve. A first servo motor is installed inside the sleeve, and a gear is connected to the output end of the first servo motor. The gear is meshed with the gear ring.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a lower clamping seat, a first guide slide rod seat, a sliding frame, an upper clamping seat, and a first spring. The lower clamping seat is fixedly connected to the sliding seat. The first guide slide rod seat is connected to the sliding seat. The sliding frame is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the first guide slide rod seat. The upper clamping seat is connected to the lower end of the sliding frame and is arranged staggeredly with the lower clamping seat. A first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the first guide slide rod seat. Both ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the first guide slide rod seat and the sliding frame.

[0018] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a second guide slide rod seat, a second rotating plate, and a second spring. The second guide slide rod seat is connected to the slide rail frame. A slide plate is sleeved on the outer side of the second guide slide rod seat. One end of the second rotating plate is rotatably connected to the sliding seat, and the other end is rotatably connected to the slide plate. The second spring is sleeved on the outer side of the second guide slide rod seat. Both ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the second guide slide rod seat and the slide rail frame. Pressing plates are connected to both sides of the support plate. The pressing plates are in mating contact with the upper end surface of the slide plate. A bottom frame is connected to the support plate, and a pushing plate is connected to the bottom frame. The upper end of the pushing plate is in mating contact with the sliding frame.

[0019] Compared with the related technology, a manual tungsten inert gas welding method for zirconium tubes provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] Adopt the measures of large nozzle protection on the front of the weld seam + argon filling in the tube for weld seam back protection to ensure the protection effect on the weld seam in the high-temperature area and the heat-affected zone and ensure the welding quality;

[0021] Moreover, by using a large-diameter nozzle and a large gas flow rate, it is possible to further ensure that the weld in the high-temperature zone, the heat-affected zone, and the high-temperature zone at the end of the welding wire are always in an argon gas shielding atmosphere ejected by the welding torch, avoiding oxidation of the high-temperature weld and the heat-affected zone;

[0022] Ensure that the temperature of the molten pool and the heat-affected zone is reduced under the protection of high-purity and large-flow argon gas during the welding process, preventing defects in the zirconium tube caused by excessive temperature;

[0023] A clamping and grinding tooling is provided, which can clamp various materials of zirconium tubes for welding, and automatically process before welding, improving the efficiency of the welding operation process and increasing the versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a step diagram of the segmented welding of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the butt joint dimensions of the zirconium plate specimen of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping and grinding tooling of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The enlarged view of part A in

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention without a slide rail frame.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right-angle limit seat of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Slide rail frame; 2. Slide seat; 3. Telescopic rod; 4. Support plate; 5. Sleeve; 6. Double-direction telescopic rod; 7. Gear ring; 8. Servo motor 1; 9. Gear; 10. Guide tube; 11. Disc; 12. Slideway; 13. Servo motor 2; 14. Lead screw; 15. Collar; 16. Limit slide rail; 17. Limit slider; 18. Rotating plate 1; 19. Right-angle limit seat; 20. Mounting plate; 21. Grinding rod; 22. Lower clamp seat; 23. Guide slide rod seat 1; 24. Slide frame; 25. Upper clamp seat; 26. Spring 1; 27. Guide slide rod seat 2; 28. Slide plate; 29. Rotating plate 2; 30. Pressing plate; 31. Spring 2; 32. Bottom frame; 33. Pushing plate; 34. Zirconium tube. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tubes, including the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Clamp the two sections of zirconium tubes to be welded on the clamping and grinding tooling, and perform bevel processing on the zirconium tubes to be welded until the silver-white color is exposed on the surface.

[0038] Step 2: Assemble the two sections of zirconium tubes, and then use a tungsten electrode welding torch to weld the assembled zirconium tubes. During the welding process, protect the front and back of the weld seam with the shielding gas of the welding torch, the external shielding gas of the zirconium tube, and the internal shielding gas of the zirconium tube.

[0039] Among them, the flow rate of the shielding gas of the welding torch is 25 - 35 L / min, the flow rate of the external shielding gas of the zirconium tube is 70 - 80 L / min, and the flow rate of the internal shielding gas of the zirconium tube is 50 - 60 L / min.

[0040] The nozzle of the tungsten electrode welding torch is above Φ25, the tungsten electrode is Φ2.5 - 3.5 mm, the protruding length of the tungsten electrode is 5 - 6.5 mm, the welding wire is Φ2 - 3 mm, and the welding current is 100 - 130 A.

[0041] The bevel processing in Step 1 includes grinding the oxides, oxide films, burrs, oil, and rust on the inner and outer sides of the zirconium tube bevel in sequence, and wiping and drying with acetone.

[0042] In Step 2, the welding is carried out in multiple segments. Before welding each segment, tack welding of the weld joint is carried out first. After welding each segment in the multiple segments, the interlayer temperature is measured. When the interlayer temperature is lower than 100 °C, the next segment is welded.

[0043] The groove processing makes the root face width of the zirconium tube be 1.0 - 1.5 mm, and the root face gap is 2.0 - 2.5 mm during assembly, and the groove angle is 60 ± 5°.

[0044] The above welding method is not only used for zirconium pipes, but also for metal plates, such as zirconium plates, as Figure 2 shown, which is the schematic diagram of the assembly dimensions of the zirconium plate specimen.

[0045] Taking a zirconium tube with a diameter of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 3.5 mm as an example, the specific steps include:

[0046] After the zirconium tube is processed with a groove, it is assembled.

[0047] Manual tungsten inert gas arc welding is used to weld the assembled zirconium tube, and a shielding gas is introduced into the zirconium tube during the welding process.

[0048] Among them, the welding torch nozzle is Φ28 mm, the shielding gas flow rate of the welding torch is 30 L / min, the shielding gas flow rate outside the zirconium tube weld is 70 - 80 L / min, the shielding gas flow rate inside the zirconium tube is 50 - 60 L / min, the shielding gas needs to use high-purity argon (99.999%), the tungsten electrode is Φ3.0 mm, the welding wire is Φ2.4 mm, a DC straight polarity arc welding power source is used, and the welding current is 100 - 130 A.

[0049] The front of the welded weld is protected by using a welding torch plus a weld protection device, and the back of the weld inside the tube is additionally protected to ensure that the front and back of the weld and the heat affected zone in the high-temperature area are always in an argon gas protection atmosphere with zirconium purity, ensuring the welding quality; and, by using a large-diameter nozzle and a large gas flow rate, it can be further ensured that the weld and the heat affected zone in the high-temperature area and the high-temperature area at the end of the welding wire are always in the argon gas protection atmosphere sprayed by the welding torch with zirconium purity, avoiding oxidation of the high-temperature weld and the heat affected zone; by using the methods of rapid welding and high-purity large-airflow protection, the temperature of the molten pool and the heat affected zone can be controlled while ensuring rapid penetration of the weld, realizing precise control of the weld temperature, and preventing welding defects of the zirconium tube caused by excessive temperature. The present invention can effectively ensure the welding quality, and all tests after welding can meet the quality requirements.

[0050] Before welding the zirconium tube, oxides, oxide films, burrs, oil, rust and other impurities within the range of (30 - 50) mm inside and outside the groove of the zirconium tube are successively polished and wiped with acetone until the surface shows silver-white.

[0051] When performing bevel processing, the root face size is made 1.0 - 1.5 mm; and the fit-up gap is made 2.0 - 2.5 mm, which can ensure complete penetration in the shortest time and minimize the loss of the shielding gas inside the pipe.

[0052] When performing segmented welding, the welding length of each segment is 1 / 4 of the total weld length, and before welding, tack welding of the zirconium tube weld joints is carried out first. The segmented welding is carried out in the following way. The segmented welding includes: dividing the weld into multiple segments, and after welding one segment, then welding the symmetric segment. As Figure 1 described, the joint includes segments I, II, III, and IV. First, weld segment I and then weld segment II, and then weld segments III and III in sequence. And for each segment, the interpass temperature needs to be measured after each layer of the weld bead is completed. Only when the interpass temperature is lower than 100 °C can the next segment be welded. Adopting the segmented welding method is beneficial to controlling the temperature of the molten pool and the weld in the high-temperature zone to always be within the high-purity argon protection area, achieving a faster heat dissipation and cooling rate, and ensuring that the weld and the heat-affected zone in the high-temperature zone are always in a high-purity argon protection atmosphere.

[0053] In the manual tungsten inert gas arc welding method for zirconium tubes according to the embodiments of the present invention, the measures of high-purity argon protection with a large nozzle on the front of the weld + filling high-purity argon inside the pipe for weld back protection are adopted to ensure the protection effect on the weld and the heat-affected zone in the high-temperature zone and ensure the welding quality; and the high-temperature zone at the end of the welding wire is always in the argon jet protection atmosphere of the welding torch, avoiding oxidation of the high-temperature weld and the heat-affected zone; ensuring that the temperature of the molten pool and the heat-affected zone is reduced under the protection of high-purity and large-flow argon during the welding process to prevent defects in the zirconium tube caused by excessive temperature.

[0054] In summary, the present invention makes improvements in aspects such as pre-welding preparation, matching of welding materials and tools, selection of welding parameters, purity of the shielding gas, flow rate of the shielding gas, control of the weld temperature during welding, and protection of the high-temperature zone. In particular, measures such as a large nozzle diameter, a large gas flow rate, segmented welding with large welding parameters, a large shielding gas flow rate, high-purity shielding gas, and filling argon inside the pipe are designed, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the Φ60 mm × 3.5 mm zirconium tube manual tungsten inert gas arc welding, ensuring single-sided welding with double-sided forming in one pass, and the colors on both sides of the weld meeting the quality requirements. Through the technical solution of the present invention, it can be ensured that the high-temperature molten pool and the heat-affected zone during the entire welding process are always in a high-purity argon protection atmosphere, avoiding oxidation of the high-temperature weld and the heat-affected zone, ensuring the welding quality, controlling the weld temperature to be always < 100 °C, and having no oxidation phenomenon after welding, no defects in flaw detection, and meeting the standards of various mechanical property tests.

[0055] Based on the above welding, after adjusting the gas protection effect, a table showing the influence of the gas protection effect on the weld quality is obtained, that is, Table 1 below:

[0056]

[0057] Based on the above welding, after adjusting the shielding gas flow rate and the fixing direction of the zirconium tube, the influence table of the shielding gas effect on the weld quality is obtained, namely Table 2 below:

[0058]

[0059] Example 2

[0060] For the 1# test piece, a 60×3.5mm zirconium tube pipeline with a horizontal fixed welding position. The root face of the zirconium tube to be welded is 1.0 - 1.5mm, the root gap is 2.0 - 2.5mm, the tungsten electrode is Φ3.0mm, the welding wire is Φ2.4mm, the welding torch nozzle is Φ28mm, the tungsten electrode extension length is 6mm, the purity of argon is 99.999%, the argon gas flow rate of the welding torch is 30L / min, the gas flow rate of the external protective cover gas flow tube of the zirconium tube is 70 - 80L / min, the internal shielding gas flow rate is 50 - 60L / min, the welding current is 100 - 110A. When welding the horizontal downhand welding at the 6 o'clock position of the zirconium tube, it should be noted that when the melt hole size is more than 2.5mm, the welding wire should be added. The welding wire should be added from the inner side of the weld to the melt hole and move along with the arc as much as possible to ensure that no concave defect occurs at the bottom weld inside the tube. After welding, the weld is silver-white. The appearance surface inspection shows that the weld formation is uniform, and no defects such as blue, purple, undercut, pores, lack of penetration, and lack of fusion are found. The flaw detection shows no defects, meeting the requirements of various mechanical property tests.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] For the 2# test piece, a 60×3.5mm zirconium tube pipeline with a vertical fixed welding position. The root face of the zirconium tube to be welded is 1.0 - 1.5mm, the root gap is 2.0 - 2.5mm, the tungsten electrode is Φ3.0mm, the welding wire is Φ2.4mm, the welding torch nozzle is Φ28mm, the tungsten electrode extension length is 5.5mm, the purity of argon is 99.999%, the argon gas flow rate of the welding torch is 30L / min, the gas flow rate of the external protective cover gas flow tube of the zirconium tube is 70 - 80L / min, the internal shielding gas flow rate is 50 - 60L / min, the welding current is 110 - 130A. When welding the upper part of the zirconium tube weld, it should be noted to prevent undercut. When the melt hole size of the GTAW is about 1mm, the welding wire should be added from the side of the weld to be welded at the upper end of the tube to the middle and rear of the melt hole, so as to prevent undercut from occurring at the upper end pipeline weld. After welding, the weld is silver-white. The appearance surface inspection shows that the weld formation is uniform, and no defects such as blue, purple, undercut, pores, lack of penetration, and lack of fusion are found. The flaw detection shows no defects, meeting the requirements of various mechanical property tests.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] Please refer to Figures 3-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: In step one, the clamping and grinding tooling includes a slide rail frame 1. Both ends of the slide rail frame 1 are symmetrically and slidably connected with slide seats 2, and a telescopic rod 3 is installed on the slide rail frame 1. The upper end of the telescopic rod 3 is connected to a support plate 4. A clamping mechanism is arranged on the slide seat 2. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the zirconium tube 34 to be welded. The clamping mechanism includes a lower clamping seat 22, a first guide slide rod seat 23, a slide frame 24, an upper clamping seat 25, and a first spring 26. The lower clamping seat 22 is fixedly connected to the slide seat 2. The first guide slide rod seat 23 is connected to the slide seat 2. The slide frame 24 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first guide slide rod seat 23. The upper clamping seat 25 is connected to the lower end of the slide frame 24 and is arranged staggeredly with the lower clamping seat 22. A first spring 26 is sleeved on the outside of the first guide slide rod seat 23. The two ends of the first spring 26 are respectively connected to the first guide slide rod seat 23 and the slide frame 24.

[0065] As Figure 7 shown, the slide frame 24 can be lifted upward first, so that it slides upward on the first guide slide rod seat 23 and compresses the first spring 26. At this time, the upper clamping seat 25 moves upward away from the lower clamping seat 22, creating a gap between them, which facilitates the placement of the zirconium tube 34. Then, the slide frame 24 is released. Under the elastic force of the compressed first spring 26, the upper clamping seat 25 moves downward and cooperates with the lower clamping seat 22 to firmly clamp the zirconium tube 34.

[0066] A grinding mechanism is arranged on the support plate 4. The grinding mechanism is used to grind the zirconium tube groove. The grinding mechanism includes a sleeve 5, a disc 11, a second servo motor 13, a lead screw 14, a collar 15, a limit slide rail 16, a first rotating plate 18, a right-angle limit seat 19, and a mounting plate 20. The sleeve 5 is connected to the support plate 4, and a bidirectional telescopic rod 6 is rotatably sleeved in the sleeve 5. Both ends of the bidirectional telescopic rod 6 are connected with guide cylinders 10, and sliding grooves 12 are arrayed and penetrated on the outside of the guide cylinders 10. The disc 11 is connected to the guide cylinders 10. The second servo motor 13 is connected in the guide cylinders 10. The lead screw 14 is connected to the second servo motor 13. The collar 15 is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the lead screw 14 and slides in the guide cylinders 10. The limit slide rail 16 is penetrated along the radial direction of the disc 11 on the disc 11, and a limit slider 17 is slidably connected in the limit slide rail 16. One end of the first rotating plate 18 is rotatably connected to the limit slider 17, and the other end passes through the sliding groove 12 and is rotatably connected to the collar 15. The right-angle limit seat 19 is connected to the limit slider 17. The mounting plate 20 is rotatably connected to the right-angle limit seat 19 through a spring hinge, and a grinding rod 21 is connected to the right-angle limit seat 19. The grinding rod 21 is limited by the side frames on both sides of the right-angle limit seat 19.

[0067] As Figure 5 and 8As shown, after the clamping mechanisms on both sides clamp the two zirconium tubes 34 to be welded, the double-direction telescopic rod 6 drives the guide cylinders 10 and discs 11 on both sides to approach the zirconium tube bevels at the welding positions of the zirconium tubes 34 on their respective sides. However, there is still an appropriate distance from the zirconium tube bevels. Then, the second servo motor 13 is started to drive the screw rod 14 to rotate. The collar 15 sleeved on the screw thread thereof will slide within the guide cylinder 10, and drive the limit sliders 17 sliding within the limit slide rails 16 opened on the disc 11 to approach and gather or move away and disperse through the first rotating plate 18, thereby pulling the grinding rods 21 rotatably installed on each right-angle limit seat 19 through the mounting plate 20 to be respectively on the inner side or the outer side of the zirconium tube 34.

[0068] When it is necessary to grind the inner side of the zirconium tube 34, the grinding rods 33 are adjusted to approach and gather so that their range is smaller than the diameter range of the zirconium tube 34. Then, the double-direction telescopic rod 10 drives them to extend into the pipe orifice of the zirconium tube 34 and drives the grinding rods 33 to move away and disperse again. Since the grinding rods 33 will abut against and be limited by the lower side frame of the right-angle limit seat 19 at this time, the grinding rods 33 can be adjusted to be in a state of fitting the inner wall of the zirconium tube 34 and then grinding is carried out.

[0069] When it is necessary to grind the outer side of the zirconium tube 34 and the zirconium tube bevel, the grinding rods 33 are adjusted to move away and disperse so that their range is larger than the diameter range of the zirconium tube 34. Then, the double-direction telescopic rod 10 drives them to extend to a position overlapping with the outer side of the pipe orifice of the zirconium tube 34 and drives the grinding rods 33 to approach and gather again. Since the grinding rods 33 will gradually abut against the outer side of the zirconium tube 34 at this time, the outer side can be ground. When it is also necessary to grind the zirconium tube bevel, the grinding rods 33 are continuously driven to approach and gather. At this time, without the abutting and limiting of the lower side frame of the right-angle limit seat 19, the grinding rods 33 will rotate until they are parallel and fitted to the zirconium tube bevel. At this time, the zirconium tube bevel can be ground. It can also be continuously rotated until it abuts against and is limited by the vertical frame of the right-angle limit seat 19. At this time, the grinding rods 33 can abut against and fit the root face of the zirconium tube bevel and grind it.

[0070] A gear ring 7 is sleeved on the outer side of the double-direction telescopic rod 6 within the sleeve 5. A first servo motor 8 is installed within the sleeve 5, and the output end of the first servo motor 8 is connected with a gear 9. The gear 9 is meshed and connected with the gear ring 7, so that the guide cylinder 10 and the disc 11 can be driven to rotate by the first servo motor 8, and the grinding rods 33 in various states thereon can be driven to rotate, so as to realize the grinding operation.

[0071] A driving mechanism is provided on the slide rail frame 1. The driving mechanism is used to pull the zirconium tubes 34 on the two side slide seats 2 closer to each other for welding the zirconium tubes 34. The driving mechanism includes a guide slide rod seat two 27, a rotating plate two 29, and a spring two 31. The guide slide rod seat two 27 is connected to the slide rail frame 1. A slide plate 28 is sleeved outside the guide slide rod seat two 27. One end of the rotating plate two 29 is rotatably connected to the slide seat 2, and the other end is rotatably connected to the slide plate 28. The spring two 31 is sleeved outside the guide slide rod seat two 27, and the two ends of the spring two 31 are respectively connected to the guide slide rod seat two 27 and the slide rail frame 1. Pressure plates 30 are connected to both sides of the support plate 4, and the pressure plates 30 are in mating contact with the upper end surface of the slide plate 28.

[0072] As Figure 6 shown, when the grinding treatment and acetone scrubbing treatment are both completed and dried, the support plate 4 and the grinding mechanism thereon can be driven by the telescopic rod to move downward until they are completely below the two side slide seats 2. During this process, the downward movement of the support plate 4 will drive the pressure plate 30 to push the slide plate 28 downward, compress the spring two 31, and simultaneously pull the rotating plate two 29 to rotate, driving the two side slide seats 2 closer to each other, so that the zirconium tubes 34 clamped on the slide seats 2 are closer to each other, facilitating the completion of welding. As for how much the two zirconium tubes 34 are close to each other, that is, how much gap is reserved between them, it needs to be specifically set according to the specific welding process, welding wire, and argon arc welding equipment. Specifically, the operation manual of the relevant equipment can be consulted.

[0073] A bottom frame 32 is connected to the support plate 4, and a push plate 33 is connected to the bottom frame 32. The upper end of the push plate 33 is in mating contact with the slide frame 24, so that the support plate 4 can also be driven to move upward by the telescopic rod 3 and move upward through the push plate 33 to push the slide frame 24 upward, facilitating the clamping of the zirconium tube 34 between the upper clamping seat 25 and the lower clamping seat 22, and also avoiding manual labor.

[0074] The above embodiments only represent the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations, improvements, and substitutions can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for a zirconium tube, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Clamp the two sections of zirconium tubes to be welded on the clamping and grinding tooling, and perform groove processing on the zirconium tubes to be welded until the surface is silvery white; Step 2: Assemble two sections of zirconium tubes, and then use a tungsten electrode welding torch to weld the assembled zirconium tubes. During the welding process, the front and back sides of the weld are protected by the welding torch shielding gas, the outer shielding gas of the zirconium tube, and the inner shielding gas of the zirconium tube; Among them, the welding gun shielding gas flow rate is 25-35L / min, the zirconium tube external shielding gas flow rate is 70-80L / min, and the zirconium tube internal shielding gas flow rate is 50-60L / min.

2. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle of the tungsten electrode welding gun is Φ25 or more, the tungsten electrode is Φ2.5-3.5mm, the extended length of the tungsten electrode is 5-6.5mm, the welding wire is Φ2-3mm, and the welding current is 100-130A.

3. The manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove processing in step 1 includes grinding the oxides, oxide films, burrs, oil and rust inside and outside the groove of the zirconium tube in sequence, scrubbing with acetone and drying.

4. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding in step 2 is carried out in multiple sections. Before welding each section, spot welding of the weld joint is performed. After welding each section, the interlayer temperature is measured. When the interlayer temperature is lower than 100°C, the next section is welded.

5. The manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove processing makes the blunt edge width of the zirconium tube 1.0-1.5mm, and the blunt edge gap is 2.0-2.5mm when assembled, and the groove angle is 60±5°.

6. The manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and grinding tooling described in step one comprises a slide rail frame (1), both ends of the slide rail frame (1) are symmetrically slidably connected to a slide seat (2), and a telescopic rod (3) is installed on the slide rail frame (1), the upper end of the telescopic rod (3) is connected to a support plate (4), a clamping mechanism is provided on the slide seat (2), and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp the zirconium tube (34) to be welded, and a grinding mechanism is provided on the support plate (4), and the grinding mechanism is used to grind the groove of the zirconium tube, and a driving mechanism is provided on the slide rail frame (1), and the driving mechanism is used to pull the zirconium tubes (34) on the slide seats (2) on both sides close to each other so as to weld the zirconium tubes (34).

7. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism comprises a sleeve (5), a disc (11), a second servo motor (13), a screw rod (14), a collar (15), a limit slide rail (16), a first rotating plate (18), a right-angle limit seat (19), and a mounting plate (20). The sleeve (5) is connected to the support plate (4), and a bidirectional telescopic rod (6) is rotatably mounted inside the sleeve (5). Both ends of the bidirectional telescopic rod (6) are connected to a guide cylinder (10), and a slideway (12) is provided through the outer array of the guide cylinder (10). The disc (11) is connected to the guide cylinder (10), the second servo motor (13) is connected inside the guide cylinder (10), the screw rod (14) is connected to the second servo motor (13), and the collar (15) is connected to the guide cylinder (10). 5) A threaded sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the screw rod (14) and slides in the guide cylinder (10); the limit slide rail (16) penetrates the disc (11) radially and is opened on the disc (11); and a limit slider (17) is slidably connected in the limit slide rail (16); one end of the rotating plate (18) is rotatably connected to the limit slider (17), and the other end passes through the slideway (12) and is rotatably connected to the collar (15); the right-angle limit seat (19) is connected to the limit slider (17); the mounting plate (20) is rotatably connected to the right-angle limit seat (19) through a spring hinge; and a grinding rod (21) is connected to the right-angle limit seat (19); and the grinding rod (21) is respectively limited by the two side frames of the right-angle limit seat (19).

8. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bidirectional telescopic rod (6) is sleeved with a gear ring (7) on the outer side of the sleeve (5), a servo motor (8) is installed in the sleeve (5), and the output end of the servo motor (8) is connected to a gear (9), and the gear (9) is meshed with the gear ring (7).

9. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a lower clamping seat (22), a guide slide seat (23), a slide frame (24), an upper clamping seat (25), and a spring (26); the lower clamping seat (22) is fixedly connected to the slide seat (2); the guide slide seat (23) is connected to the slide seat (2); the slide frame (24) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the guide slide seat (23); the upper clamping seat (25) is connected to the lower end of the slide frame (24) and is staggered with the lower clamping seat (22); the outer side of the guide slide seat (23) is sleeved with a spring (26); the two ends of the spring (26) are respectively connected to the guide slide seat (23) and the slide frame (24).

10. A manual tungsten electrode welding method for zirconium tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a second guide slide seat (27), a second rotating plate (29), and a second spring (31). The second guide slide seat (27) is connected to the slide rail frame (1). A slide plate (28) is sleeved on the outer side of the second guide slide seat (27). One end of the second rotating plate (29) is rotatably connected to the slide seat (2), and the other end is rotatably connected to the slide plate (28). The second spring (31) is sleeved on the outer side of the second guide slide seat (27). The two ends of the second spring (31) are respectively connected to the second guide slide seat (27) and the slide rail frame (1). The two sides of the support plate (4) are connected to pressure plates (30). The pressure plates (30) cooperate with and abut against the upper end surface of the slide plate (28). The support plate (4) is connected to a bottom frame (32), and a push plate (33) is connected to the bottom frame (32). The upper end of the push plate (33) cooperates with and abuts against the slide frame (24).

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