Production process of helmet with non-controllable patterns

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of production processes of personalized helmets, and discloses a production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet, which comprises the following steps: base material selection and surface pretreatment: selecting a base material suitable for spraying (the spraying described later comprises spraying or printing), and treating the surface of the base material to ensure the adhesion of printing ink; ink preparation and debugging: preparing ink with specific viscosity, volatility and reactivity to ensure the randomness and complexity of pattern generation; setting and controlling spraying equipment: adjusting the airflow pressure, the spraying angle and the spraying speed of the spraying equipment so as to simulate different flowing modes and form multi-layer ink flowing; and pattern generation and optimization: controlling the ink diffusion process. According to the method, the uniqueness, randomness and non-replicability of the pattern of each helmet are achieved by accurately controlling ink diffusion, spraying parameters and the curing process and combining fractal geometry, the chaos theory and the reaction diffusion model, and the individual requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the production process of personalized helmets, and specifically to a production process of a non - controllable pattern helmet. Background Art

[0002] In modern society, consumers have a strong demand for personalization and uniqueness. Especially in daily necessities, personalized design has become an increasingly important trend. Especially in the design of safety equipment such as helmets, in addition to traditional functional requirements, the uniqueness and personalization of appearance have become important considerations for consumers. For products like helmets, consumers not only hope that they have basic protective functions but also hope to show unique artistic styles and personalities. Therefore, the market has a strong demand for helmets with highly artistic, complex, and non - replicable patterns.

[0003] In the prior art, the patterns of helmets usually adopt traditional processes such as spraying, screen printing, or transfer printing. Although these methods can provide certain pattern variations, they mostly rely on manual design or template production, resulting in highly similar patterns during the production process and lacking personality. The spraying process is often carried out by machines for large - scale production, which can quickly and efficiently cover large surfaces and can provide relatively stable effects.

[0004] However, the prior art has some deficiencies. Especially in terms of the randomness and complexity of pattern generation, the patterns generated by existing spraying and transfer printing technologies are usually predictable, and the repeatability of patterns is strong in large - scale production. It is difficult to make each helmet pattern unique. Although some methods such as water transfer printing enhance the randomness of patterns to a certain extent, these technologies are still restricted by physical limitations, and the patterns often show a certain regularity and lack complete non - replicability. In addition, traditional methods usually rely on simple control of manual work or equipment, resulting in many uncontrollable factors during the diffusion of ink and the generation of patterns, and unable to provide artistic effects with high complexity and randomness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a production process of a non - controllable pattern helmet, which solves the problems of lack of uniqueness, randomness, and non - replicability of helmet patterns in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A production process of a non - controllable pattern helmet, including the following steps: Substrate selection and surface pretreatment: Select a substrate suitable for spraying and treat its surface to ensure the adhesion of ink; Ink formulation and debugging: Formulate ink with specific viscosity, volatility, and reactivity to ensure the randomness and complexity of pattern generation; Spraying Equipment Setup and Control: Adjust the air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed of the spraying equipment to simulate different flow patterns and form multi-layered ink flow; Pattern Generation and Optimization: By controlling the ink diffusion process, apply fractal geometry and chaos theory to generate irregular and unpredictable patterns, and optimize the pattern structure through reaction-diffusion models; Drying and Curing: Use ultraviolet curing or hot air drying methods to cure the ink on the substrate surface and form the desired pattern; Post-treatment and Finished Product Inspection: Clean and polish the pattern surface, and use a vision inspection system to ensure the uniqueness of the pattern.

[0007] Preferably, the substrate selection and surface pretreatment steps include: Select materials sprayed with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, or polypropylene; Perform plasma treatment or chemical solution treatment on the surface of the selected substrate to remove oil stains and impurities and increase the ink adhesion.

[0008] Preferably, the ink formulation and debugging steps include: Formulate a mixed ink of thermosensitive ink, nanoparticle ink, and reactive ink to ensure that the ink can produce cracked or gradient irregular patterns after spraying; Adjust the viscosity, volatility, and particle size distribution of the ink to ensure the diffusibility and randomness of the ink, and thus control the complexity of the pattern.

[0009] Preferably, the spraying equipment setup and control steps include: By adjusting the air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed of the spraying equipment, simulate different flow patterns such as laminar flow or turbulent flow, and ensure that the ink forms complex flow patterns on the substrate surface; The spraying equipment includes an adjustable nozzle system, and controls the spraying form of the ink by controlling the nozzle opening angle and size, so as to ensure the unpredictability of each pattern.

[0010] Preferably, the pattern generation and optimization steps include: During the spraying process, by adjusting the diffusion coefficient and reaction rate of the ink, control the diffusion path of the ink and the reaction behavior of the particles to make it generate cracks or spots; Adopt fractal geometry theory to generate self-similar patterns, and use ink particles with different particle sizes to generate random textures at different scales.

[0011] Preferably, the drying and curing steps include: Adopt ultraviolet curing or hot air drying methods to cure the ink in a short time and stabilize the pattern; According to the characteristics of the ink, control the curing temperature and time to ensure the surface curing of the ink without deformation and maintain the stability of the pattern.

[0012] Preferably, the post-treatment and finished product inspection steps include: Use a high-pressure water gun or fine sandpaper to clean the surface of the ink and remove the unnecessary parts; Use a vision inspection system to scan the pattern of each helmet to ensure the uniqueness of the pattern and analyze whether there are repetitions or defects in the pattern through software.

[0013] Preferably, in the spraying equipment setting and control step, the air flow control device includes: An air flow regulator that adjusts the intensity and direction of the air flow during spraying according to the required spraying pattern effect, so that the ink spreads on the substrate surface and forms the expected pattern effect; By adjusting the wind speed and direction, different flow patterns of the ink particles are generated in different areas, further enhancing the randomness of the pattern.

[0014] Preferably, the particle size control in the ink formulation and debugging step includes: By selecting appropriate ink particle sizes, control the thickness and texture of the pattern formed after spraying; The particles in the ink have different particle size ranges. By adjusting the distribution of the particles in the ink, the pattern generation has different levels and randomness.

[0015] Preferably, the reactive ink in the ink formulation and debugging step includes: Reactive components are added to the ink so that the ink can react with the substrate or other components during the curing process, resulting in cracks, spots, and unpredictable gradients; By adjusting the reaction rate and reaction temperature, control the change rate of the pattern to ensure that the pattern forms a random and unique effect during production.

[0016] The present invention provides a production process for a non-controllable pattern helmet. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adjusting the air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed, the present invention simulates different flow patterns, such as laminar flow and turbulent flow, to ensure that the pattern of each helmet has a high degree of randomness and complexity. Compared with the single spraying control in the prior art, the multi-dimensional regulation method of the present invention makes the pattern more abundant, avoids the regularity and repeatability of the pattern, and can generate completely different effects each time of spraying.

[0017] 2. By introducing fractal geometry and chaos theory into the pattern generation process, the present invention enables the pattern to not only exhibit self-similar structures but also be full of unpredictability. Existing technologies often rely on simple pattern generation methods, resulting in patterns lacking sufficient variation and artistry. In contrast, the present invention can generate completely different and art patterns with complex details on each helmet, solving the problem of lack of depth and uniqueness in patterns of traditional methods.

[0018] 3. By combining ultraviolet curing and hot air drying, the curing speed is accelerated while ensuring the pattern quality. Traditional curing methods mostly rely on single methods, which are prone to uneven curing or pattern damage. In contrast, the present invention ensures the stability and durability of the pattern through the combination of the two methods, while avoiding pattern deformation caused by overheating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for a non-controllable pattern helmet of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a production process for a non-controllable pattern helmet, including the following steps: S1. Substrate selection and surface pretreatment: Select a substrate suitable for spraying and treat its surface to ensure the ink adhesion; In substrate selection and surface pretreatment, the selection of the substrate not only affects the overall strength and durability of the helmet but also determines the stability of the ink adhesion and the effect of pattern generation in the subsequent spraying process. The surface pretreatment of the substrate modifies the surface structure of the material, providing an ideal adhesion basis for the ink and ensuring high randomness and artistry in the pattern generation process.

[0022] In this embodiment, the substrate is selected from ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). These materials have high impact resistance, heat resistance, and chemical stability and are widely used in helmet production.

[0023] Among them, due to its good processing performance and high impact resistance, ABS material is often used as the substrate for the helmet shell. ABS has a low surface energy, so its surface needs to be appropriately treated to ensure the adhesion of the subsequent ink; Polycarbonate (PC) materials are often used in the production of the helmet visor part due to their stronger impact resistance, transparency, and high-temperature resistance. After surface treatment, the bonding strength with the ink is also effectively enhanced; Polypropylene (PP) materials are commonly used in the manufacture of helmets with lower costs. Their excellent chemical stability gives them an advantage in combating environmental factors and is suitable for different types of spraying processes.

[0024] To ensure that the ink can adhere evenly and firmly to the substrate surface, the substrate must be pretreated. The following two methods are used in the present invention to improve the ink adhesion and ensure the stability of pattern generation.

[0025] Plasma treatment is achieved by the contact of high-energy particles generated by ionizing gas with the substrate surface, changing its chemical structure, increasing surface energy and chemical reaction activity. Through this method, not only are impurities such as oil stains and dust removed from the substrate surface, but the surface energy is also significantly increased, enabling the ink to adhere better.

[0026] In this embodiment, the plasma treatment equipment uses low-temperature plasma, which can effectively avoid damage to the substrate caused by high temperature and make the surface have high hydrophilicity, thus ensuring the uniform adhesion of the ink during subsequent spraying.

[0027] Another commonly used pretreatment method is to remove impurities such as oil stains and dust on the substrate surface through chemical solutions. Common solvents include isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, etc. These solvents can effectively remove pollutants and will not cause damage to the substrate.

[0028] In this embodiment, isopropyl alcohol is used as the cleaner. First, isopropyl alcohol is used to remove the dirt and grease that may exist on the substrate surface, and then it is thoroughly cleaned with water to remove the solvent residue. This treatment method ensures that the substrate surface is clean and has a certain affinity, facilitating the adhesion of the ink.

[0029] The substrate surface after surface pretreatment exhibits the following characteristics: After plasma treatment, the surface energy of the substrate is significantly increased, enabling the ink to evenly cover the surface and avoiding problems such as uneven ink and dripping during spraying. The substrate with surface activation has a higher ink adhesion ability.

[0030] The treated surface not only improves the ink adhesion but also reduces phenomena such as bubbles and unevenness during spraying, thereby making the pattern generation more stable and uniform.

[0031] The surface of the treated substrate is not only suitable for the spraying of conventional inks, but also capable of withstanding the use of thermal inks, nanoparticle inks, and reactive inks. Ink particles can be evenly dispersed on the surface, and the generated patterns have high randomness and artistic quality.

[0032] Set the surface energy of the substrate surface after treatment to be , and the surface energy of the ink to be . The adhesion between the ink and the substrate can be expressed by the following formula:

[0033] Where: is the surface tension constant, which depends on the interfacial properties between the ink and the substrate; is the surface energy of the substrate surface after treatment. The surface energy of the treated substrate surface increases significantly, enhancing the ink adhesion; is the surface energy of the ink. The ink is prone to poor adhesion on the substrate without surface treatment, and the difference in surface energy after treatment promotes the adhesion of the ink.

[0034] In addition to the conventional surface pretreatment methods, some other modification means can also be used to further enhance the adhesion of the substrate: In some embodiments, polyurethane primer or acrylic resin primer is used as an adhesion enhancer. The primer can further enhance the adhesion of the ink, and especially the generated patterns are more uniform and not easy to fall off during the spraying process.

[0035] For surfaces with certain special requirements, a solvent spray coating can also be selected. By spraying a thin film to increase the surface roughness, the adhesion of the ink is further enhanced.

[0036] In some special applications, using an ultraviolet light-curing coating can accelerate the curing process of the substrate surface, improve the adhesion stability of the ink, and ensure that the pattern has sufficient strength and durability after curing.

[0037] By selecting a suitable substrate and performing reasonable surface pretreatment, the present invention can ensure the uniform adhesion of the ink on the substrate surface, thereby ensuring the stability and unpredictability during the pattern generation process.

[0038] S2. Ink formulation and debugging: Formulate inks with specific viscosity, volatility, and reactivity to ensure the randomness and complexity of pattern generation; In the ink formulation and debugging, the formulation of the ink requires controlling its physical and chemical properties, such as viscosity, volatility, reactivity, and particle distribution, etc. By appropriately adjusting these factors, it can be ensured that the ink generates random and complex patterns during the spraying process.

[0039] In this embodiment, the ink formulation involves precise regulation in multiple aspects to ensure that different, artistic and uncontrollable patterns can be generated with each spraying. This process not only includes the selection of the basic ink formula but also involves the interaction between different components in the ink.

[0040] The viscosity of the ink is an important factor affecting the spraying quality. The viscosity of the ink not only affects its fluidity but also determines the uniformity of adhesion and the diffusion rate on the substrate. If the viscosity is too high, it may cause difficulties in ink spraying, forming irregular textures; if the viscosity is too low, the ink may over-diffuse on the substrate, blurring the boundaries of the pattern.

[0041] The viscosity of the ink is usually controlled by adjusting the proportion of the binder and the type of solvent in the ink. For a specific ink formula, a suitable thickening agent is usually added to increase the viscosity. For example, polyurethane thickening agents can improve the stability of the ink and prevent excessive fluidity, resulting in uneven patterns.

[0042] For example, in some embodiments, the viscosity of the ink needs to be adjusted to the range of 200 - 1000 cP (centipoise), which can ensure that the ink has sufficient fluidity while not over-diffusing, maintaining the details and stability of the pattern.

[0043] By adjusting the viscosity, the ink can exhibit the expected diffusion behavior during the spraying process, thus generating a pattern effect with randomness and complexity.

[0044] Volatility control is a key factor in ensuring that the ink can successfully form a pattern after spraying. The type and proportion of volatile solvents in the ink determine its drying speed and diffusion speed during the spraying process. If the volatility is too fast, the ink will dry quickly, resulting in the inability to form complex patterns on the substrate surface; if the volatility is too slow, the ink may cause unnecessary diffusion, affecting the stability of the pattern.

[0045] Means of volatility control: The volatile solvents in the ink are usually selected as alcohol solvents (such as isopropyl alcohol), ketone solvents (such as acetone), and aromatic solvents. These solvents have different evaporation rates and can regulate the diffusion characteristics of the ink while controlling the drying of the ink.

[0046] For example, to ensure that the ink can quickly form a pattern but also spread appropriately after spraying, 50% - 70% of alcohol solvents are used in some embodiments. With this proportion, the ink can dry relatively quickly while maintaining certain diffusion characteristics to generate complex and irregular textures.

[0047] In some embodiments, a mixed solvent system may be adopted. By the complementarity between different solvents, the volatility of the ink can be controlled so that it can adapt to different temperature and humidity environments, thus ensuring the consistency and stability of the pattern.

[0048] The introduction of reactive components into the ink can significantly increase the complexity and unpredictability of pattern generation. These components include thermosensitive components, crosslinking agents, catalysts, etc., which react with other components under specific conditions, resulting in changes in the morphology of pattern generation.

[0049] The thermosensitive materials in thermosensitive inks undergo physical or chemical changes after heating, thus changing the appearance of the pattern. For example, titanium dioxide or pigment particles will change during the heating process, generating cracks or color changes, enhancing the dynamic effect of the pattern.

[0050] Crosslinking agents promote crosslinking reactions between ink molecules, enabling the ink to form a stronger structure during curing and enhancing the stability of the pattern. For example, using peroxide crosslinking agents can further enhance the pattern during the curing process, ensuring the clarity and details of the pattern.

[0051] In some embodiments, the thermosensitive component in the thermosensitive ink is titanium dioxide, which can form irregular crack textures during heating, increasing the unpredictability of the pattern.

[0052] The particle distribution in the ink is another important factor determining the quality and complexity of pattern generation. The particles in the ink, especially nanoparticles, can affect the way the ink spreads on the substrate, thus determining the fineness and randomness of the final pattern.

[0053] Particle regulation: To control the particle distribution, different types of dispersants and surfactants are added to the ink. These components can effectively disperse the nanoparticles, avoiding particle agglomeration or uneven distribution.

[0054] Particle size: In some embodiments, the particle size range of the nanoparticles in the ink is strictly controlled between 10 and 200 nm. This can ensure that the ink particles are evenly distributed after spraying and can effectively affect the formation of the pattern, increasing the randomness and complexity of the pattern.

[0055] By adjusting the concentration of the nanoparticles, the texture characteristics of the pattern can be changed. For example, adding an appropriate amount of silica particles to the ink can form fine spots or cracks during pattern generation, increasing the unpredictability of the pattern.

[0056] During the ink formulation process, the mutual relationship between the viscosity, volatility, and reactive components of the ink can be described by the following formula:

[0057] Where: is the viscosity of the ink; is the basic viscosity constant of the ink, usually determined by the solid content of the ink and the type of binder; is the molecular weight of the ink, reflecting the molecular structure of the ink; is the coefficient of the solvent type, affecting the volatility of the solvent; is the concentration of the reactive component, directly affecting the diffusion characteristics and reaction process of the ink.

[0058] This formula describes the interaction relationship among the viscosity, volatility, and reactive components of the ink. By adjusting these parameters, the fluidity, diffusion speed, and reactivity of the ink during the spraying process can be precisely controlled, thereby generating a highly random and complex pattern effect.

[0059] S3. Spraying equipment setting and control: Adjust the air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed of the spraying equipment to simulate different flow patterns and form multi-layered ink flow; Through the adjustment of multiple factors such as air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed during the spraying process, the setting and control of the spraying equipment can form a unique and non-replicable pattern on the surface of the helmet. The diffusion behavior of the ink, the generated texture, complexity, and randomness all depend on the precise control of the spraying equipment. This step is closely connected with the aforementioned ink formulation and surface pretreatment to ensure that the pattern can be generated as expected and exhibit high artistry and uniqueness.

[0060] In this embodiment, the spraying equipment includes an air flow regulating device, a spray gun, a nozzle, and a drive system. The main purpose of the equipment is to control the spraying mode of the ink so that the ink can be evenly and accurately distributed on the surface of the substrate and generate a highly random pattern on the substrate.

[0061] The air flow pressure is one of the core parameters during the spraying process. During the spraying process, the air flow pressure controls the spraying speed of the ink, the spraying mode, and the distribution of ink particles. Different air flow pressures have different effects on the diffusion behavior of the ink. A higher air flow pressure will cause the ink particles to be sprayed farther, resulting in a larger coating effect; while a lower air flow pressure will cause the ink particles to be concentrated, generating finer pattern details.

[0062] In order to maintain the layering of the pattern while generating a random pattern, the air flow pressure is usually set between 2 and 4 bar (bar). The air flow pressure within this range can generate a relatively uniform pattern during the spraying process, while making the diffusion of the ink have appropriate randomness to avoid the pattern being too regular or repetitive.

[0063] The influence of air flow on pattern generation: The change in air flow pressure will directly affect the diffusion range of the ink. At a higher air flow pressure, the ink will quickly diffuse, forming a pattern in a larger area; while at a lower air flow pressure, the spraying distance of the ink particles is shorter, and the pattern during the spraying process shows relatively concentrated fine textures.

[0064] The spraying angle controls the directionality of the ink jet and the coverage range. During the pattern generation process, the adjustment of the spraying angle is an important factor affecting the diffusion pattern of the ink. Different spraying angles will result in different diffusion patterns of the ink particles on the substrate surface, thereby affecting the overall effect of the pattern.

[0065] In some embodiments, the spraying angle is usually set to 30 - 60°, and spraying within this angle range can ensure that the ink forms an appropriate flow path, avoiding excessive or insufficient ink diffusion. A smaller spraying angle (e.g., 15°) is suitable for generating patterns with more details and higher precision; while a larger spraying angle (such as 75 - 90°) is suitable for large - range ink diffusion, capable of creating a broader and more irregular pattern effect.

[0066] The influence of the angle change on the pattern: The change in the spraying angle will affect the appearance and details of the pattern. At a smaller angle, the pattern formed by the ink spraying usually has stronger directionality; while at a larger angle, the spraying path of the ink will be more dispersed, thus generating an irregular and random pattern effect on the substrate surface.

[0067] The spraying speed determines the speed at which the spraying device moves along the substrate surface. The speed of spraying directly affects the residence time of the ink on the substrate surface, and thus affects the details and layering of the pattern. A slower spraying speed allows the ink to expand on the substrate surface for a longer time, forming a finer and more delicate texture; a faster spraying speed will reduce the expansion of the ink, enhancing the randomness and local irregularity of the pattern.

[0068] In some embodiments, the spraying speed is set to 50 - 150 cm / s. This speed range ensures that the ink can form a uniform coating on the substrate surface and form complex patterns during the diffusion process. At the same time, controlling the change of the spraying speed can form different detail levels in the pattern.

[0069] The influence of the spraying speed on the pattern: When the spraying speed is slower, the ink will stay on the substrate surface for a longer time, and the pattern will be more uniform and delicate; when the spraying speed is faster, the residence time of the ink is shorter, and the pattern will show more abrupt changes and crack effects, enhancing the randomness.

[0070] By precisely controlling the air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed, the spraying device can simulate various flow patterns and generate multi - level ink flows on the substrate surface. These flow patterns can provide randomness and complexity during the pattern generation process, so that the pattern of each helmet has unique artistry.

[0071] Laminar flow mode: When the air flow pressure is low, the ink will flow evenly along the surface of the substrate, forming a smooth gradient effect or delicate texture. In this mode, the details of the pattern are relatively uniform, suitable for generating delicate lines or gradient effects.

[0072] When the air flow pressure is high, the ink particles will form a turbulent flow during the spraying process, resulting in intense diffusion and irregular cracks or textures of the ink on the substrate surface. The turbulent flow mode can generate more complex and random patterns, enhancing the unpredictability and artistry of the patterns.

[0073] During the spraying process, by adjusting the spraying angle and spraying speed, the laminar flow and turbulent flow modes can be alternately used to form a multi-layer ink flow. Each layer of ink diffuses on the substrate surface in a different way, ultimately forming a three-dimensional pattern with a sense of depth, increasing the visual impact of the pattern.

[0074] To better understand the spraying behavior of the ink during the spraying process, the following formula can be used to describe the relationship between the air flow pressure, spraying angle and spraying speed:

[0075] Where: is the spraying speed of the ink particles; is the air flow pressure of the spraying equipment; is the density of the ink; is the area of the nozzle.

[0076] This formula shows that the air flow pressure of the spraying equipment, the ink density and the nozzle area directly affect the spraying speed of the ink particles, thus affecting the pattern generation during the spraying process. By adjusting these parameters, the flow mode and diffusion effect of the ink formed on the substrate surface can be precisely controlled.

[0077] S4. Pattern generation and optimization: By controlling the ink diffusion process, applying fractal geometry and chaos theory to generate irregular and unpredictable patterns, and optimizing the pattern structure through the reaction-diffusion model; Pattern generation and optimization By controlling the diffusion process of the ink and combining fractal geometry, chaos theory and the reaction-diffusion model, we can generate irregular, unpredictable and highly complex patterns on the substrate surface. Only by finely regulating the pattern generation process can the uniqueness and non-replicability of each helmet pattern be achieved.

[0078] In this embodiment, the diffusion behavior of the ink is precisely adjusted to ensure a high degree of randomness, complexity and artistic sense during the pattern generation process on the substrate surface. By combining fractal geometry and chaos theory, and optimizing through the reaction-diffusion model, the uniqueness and randomness of each pattern in terms of vision and structure can be achieved.

[0079] The diffusion process of the ink directly determines the formation of the pattern. The process of the ink from the spraying device to the surface of the substrate to form a coating is dynamically changing. The speed of ink diffusion, the shape of the diffusion area, and the stability of the ink during the diffusion process will all affect the structure of the pattern. If the ink diffuses too fast, the pattern will be unclear; if it diffuses too slowly, the complexity of the pattern will be limited.

[0080] In some embodiments, the diffusion coefficient of the ink is controlled by adjusting the particle concentration and volatility of the ink. The diffusion coefficient is related to the viscosity of the ink, the volatility of the solvent, and the ambient temperature. To ensure that the diffusion process can form complex and unpredictable patterns, the diffusion coefficient of the ink is usually adjusted between 0.1 and 0.5 cm 2 / s. Through this range of diffusion coefficients, the ink will neither diffuse excessively nor lose clarity due to too slow diffusion speed.

[0081] Temperature and humidity also play important roles during the spraying process. By adjusting the temperature and humidity, the sprayed ink can form the desired diffusion effect under different environmental conditions. The change in temperature will affect the viscosity and volatility of the ink, and thus affect its diffusion behavior. Humidity also has a direct impact on the diffusion of the ink. Generally, when the humidity is higher, the ink diffuses more evenly.

[0082] Fractal geometry provides an effective way to describe and generate patterns with self-similar properties. In pattern generation, the particles of the ink diffuse through the model of fractal geometry, making the generated pattern exhibit the common fractal structure in nature. By controlling the particle size and concentration of the ink, fractal geometry can be used to create self-similar structures with different scales, making the pattern both complex and harmonious.

[0083] Control of the fractal dimension: By adjusting the particle size distribution, concentration, and diffusion rate of the ink particles, the fractal dimension of the pattern can be controlled, and thus the details and complexity of the pattern can be adjusted. A higher fractal dimension will make the pattern more complex and have richer details. The distribution of the ink particles can be analyzed by the fractal box-counting method. In this way, the complexity and randomness of the pattern can be quantitatively described.

[0084] For example, in some embodiments, the particle size range of the ink particles can be set to 10 - 100 nm. Smaller particles help to form delicate textures, while larger particles can form rough patterns. When fractal geometry is applied to pattern generation, the generated pattern exhibits characteristics similar to the overall structure locally, making the pattern present a natural and distinct hierarchical effect.

[0085] Chaos theory ensures the core feature of unpredictability in the pattern generation process. Chaotic systems are highly sensitive to initial conditions, meaning that tiny initial differences can lead to completely different outcomes. During the ink spraying process, chaotic behavior makes the patterns generated each time full of randomness and unpredictability, enhancing the artistry and uniqueness of the patterns.

[0086] Chaotic behavior is achieved by adjusting the air flow pressure, spraying angle, and spraying speed of the spraying equipment. Different spraying parameters will result in different diffusion paths of ink particles on the substrate surface, ultimately forming unique and unpredictable patterns. During the spraying process, slight changes in air flow pressure, adjustments in spraying angle, and changes in speed will cause the pattern generation process to exhibit chaotic behavior, increasing the complexity of the patterns.

[0087] To further simulate chaotic behavior, the Lorenz equation is used in this embodiment to describe the ejection path of ink particles. The Lorenz equation is a classic chaotic system, often used to simulate chaotic behavior in physical systems. By adjusting the parameters in the equation, the random flow path of ink particles on the substrate surface can be simulated, ensuring the unpredictability of the pattern generation process.

[0088] In this embodiment, the reaction-diffusion model is used to further optimize the structure of the pattern. The reaction-diffusion model can simulate the process of ink particles interacting and diffusing on the substrate surface. By controlling the diffusion rate and reaction rate, complex pattern features such as cracks, spots, and reticular structures can be formed on the ink surface.

[0089] The reaction-diffusion process is described by the following equation:

[0090] Where: is the ink concentration, representing the distribution of ink on the substrate surface; is the diffusion coefficient, representing the rate of ink diffusion; is the Laplace operator, describing the spatial variation of ink concentration; is the reaction term, representing the interaction between ink components.

[0091] By adjusting the reaction rate , different structural features such as cracks, spots, and stripes can be generated, and these structures will further enhance the complexity and randomness of the pattern.

[0092] For example, when adding a crosslinking agent or catalyst, the change in reaction rate will cause random texture features to be generated during the curing process of the ink. This process can ensure that each helmet pattern exhibits a unique and irregular effect after curing.

[0093] During the pattern generation process, the reaction-diffusion model is not limited to simple diffusion phenomena, but also involves complex reaction behaviors among ink components. By adjusting the reaction rate, diffusion coefficient, and particle distribution of the ink, the complexity of the pattern can be continuously adjusted to ensure a high degree of randomness in both the visual and structural aspects of each pattern.

[0094] For example, during the pattern generation process, by precisely adjusting the reaction term in the reaction-diffusion model, the ink can form structures with different texture features on the substrate surface. These texture features are self-organizing and can naturally evolve in the ink layer after spraying over time, ensuring the continuous change and non-replicability of the pattern.

[0095] S5, Drying and Curing: Use ultraviolet curing or hot air drying methods to cure the ink on the substrate surface and form the desired pattern; In the drying and curing step, by using ultraviolet curing or hot air drying methods, the ink quickly cures on the substrate surface to complete the final shaping of the pattern. This process not only involves the removal of solvents or moisture in the ink but also includes cross-linking or curing reactions of the components in the ink, ensuring that the pattern does not deform after curing and has sufficient durability.

[0096] In this embodiment, both ultraviolet curing and hot air drying methods can be used, and the appropriate curing method is selected according to the type of ink and production requirements. Ultraviolet curing is suitable for inks containing photosensitive components and can complete curing in a short time; while hot air drying is suitable for various types of inks, especially those without photosensitive components.

[0097] Ultraviolet curing is an efficient ink curing technology widely used in the curing process of photosensitive inks. The photoinitiator in the ink decomposes under ultraviolet irradiation to generate free radicals, which will undergo polymerization reactions with the monomers in the ink to cure the ink. The advantages of ultraviolet curing are fast curing speed, low energy consumption, and little impact on the fineness of the ink pattern.

[0098] In some embodiments, the photoinitiator in the ink can be benzoin derivatives, epoxy resins, etc. These initiators can quickly decompose under ultraviolet irradiation to generate free radicals, which in turn initiate the polymerization reaction in the ink. The wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is usually selected in the range of 365 - 405 nm to ensure the best match with the ink photoinitiator.

[0099] The ultraviolet curing process is usually controlled within 2 to 10 seconds. Within this time range, the ink can be quickly cured. During this process, the intensity of ultraviolet light and the irradiation time are the key factors determining the curing effect. The light source for ultraviolet curing is usually a high-intensity mercury lamp or xenon lamp, which can provide ultraviolet radiation with sufficient intensity to ensure the rapid cross-linking of the ink.

[0100] Ultraviolet curing does not require high-temperature treatment and is suitable for temperature-sensitive materials; moreover, the curing speed is extremely fast, which can effectively improve production efficiency. The surface of the cured ink has strong abrasion resistance, and the pattern structure remains stable.

[0101] Hot air drying is a common method for ink curing, suitable for a wide range of ink types, especially those without photosensitive components. During this process, the solvent or moisture in the ink is volatilized by heating the air, thereby accelerating the ink curing process.

[0102] The hot air drying method often uses a hot air oven, and the ink is gradually dried over a long period by heating the air. In some embodiments, the temperature of the oven is usually set in the range of 50 to 80 °C, and the drying time is adjusted according to the type and thickness of the ink, usually controlled within 3 to 10 minutes. By controlling the temperature and flow rate of the air, it is ensured that the solvent in the ink is volatilized within a reasonable time while maintaining the integrity of the pattern.

[0103] The setting of the temperature during the drying process is crucial. Excessive temperature may cause the surface of the ink to dry too quickly, forming an uneven pattern; while too low a temperature may result in incomplete drying. The air humidity also needs to be controlled within an appropriate range, generally between 50% and 60%. Excessive humidity will affect the volatilization rate of the ink and lead to incomplete curing.

[0104] The hot air drying method is not only suitable for various types of inks but also has high adaptability and can handle coatings with a large area. Its disadvantage is that the curing speed is slow, but for inks without photosensitive components, this is an effective and economical curing method.

[0105] During the ink curing process, temperature and drying rate have a crucial impact on the ink curing effect. The following formula can be used to describe the influence of temperature on the curing rate during the drying process:

[0106] Where: is the concentration of the solvent in the ink; is the curing rate constant, indicating the influence of temperature on the curing process; is the change rate of the solvent concentration with time.

[0107] This formula indicates that the decrease in solvent concentration over time is closely related to the change in temperature. High temperature will accelerate the volatilization of the solvent, thereby increasing the curing rate. Controlling the temperature and drying time can ensure that the solvent in the ink volatilizes within the optimal time, guaranteeing the stability and clarity of the pattern.

[0108] The cured ink not only needs to have stable adhesion but also sufficient durability to ensure that the pattern is not easily peeled off or damaged during subsequent use. The structure of the cured pattern should remain intact, and the ink surface should have high abrasion resistance and scratch resistance. By selecting and adjusting the two methods of ultraviolet curing and hot air drying, it can be ensured that the pattern of each helmet can maintain its artistry and stability for a long time after completion.

[0109] In some embodiments, the quality of the cured pattern is controlled through surface testing. For example, an abrasion resistance test is conducted to check whether the pattern is easily worn; and a scratch resistance test is performed to ensure that the pattern is not damaged during the friction process. These tests guarantee the durability and stability of the pattern of each helmet during long-term use.

[0110] S6. Post-treatment and final product inspection: Clean and polish the pattern surface, and use a vision inspection system to ensure the uniqueness of the pattern; Through reasonable cleaning and polishing steps in post-treatment and final product inspection, excess ink residues and unnecessary impurities on the surface can be removed, ensuring the clarity and fineness of the pattern of each helmet. In addition, final product inspection ensures the uniqueness of the pattern and that the overall appearance and quality meet the standards. The post-treatment and inspection steps are closely related to the previous spraying, drying, and curing steps, ensuring that each helmet meets the design requirements and the pattern has high artistry, randomness, and complexity.

[0111] In this step, the post-treatment process ensures the stability and clarity of the ink pattern by cleaning the ink surface, excess residues, and impurities, and by finely polishing. Final product inspection automatically checks the quality, uniqueness, and presence of any defects of the pattern through a high-precision vision inspection system, ensuring that each pattern meets high-standard quality requirements.

[0112] Surface cleaning is a crucial step to ensure that the pattern generated during the ink spraying process is not contaminated. After the ink is cured, there may be tiny impurities or ink residues, which may affect the quality of the final product. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the cleaning process can remove surface impurities without damaging the ink pattern.

[0113] In some embodiments, a high-pressure water gun is used for cleaning, and the jet pressure of the water gun is usually set between 5 and 10 bar (bar). The pressure in this range is sufficient to remove the impurities that may exist on the substrate surface, while not having too much impact on the already cured ink and avoiding damage to the pattern.

[0114] For the solvent remaining on the surface or other impurities that are difficult to remove, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol or a special cleaner can be used to gently wipe the surface for decontamination. To ensure the integrity of the pattern, soft non-woven fabric or a soft brush is usually used to avoid scratching the ink surface with hard objects during wiping.

[0115] The main purpose of the polishing step is to remove the tiny uneven parts on the ink surface, making the pattern surface smoother and enhancing the visual effect. During the polishing process, special attention needs to be paid to avoiding excessive wear of the ink layer, because excessive polishing may damage the structure and details of the pattern.

[0116] In some embodiments, fine sandpaper (such as 600 mesh to 1500 mesh) is used for polishing. These sandpapers have high softness and low abrasiveness, which can smooth the ink surface and remove irregular parts. During the polishing process, appropriate force is used to avoid damaging the ink pattern due to excessive polishing.

[0117] To ensure the polishing effect, in some embodiments, the polishing time is generally set to 3 - 5 minutes, and slight pressure is used for polishing to ensure uniform polishing and not having too much impact on the ink pattern. After this process, the surface of the pattern will be smoother and the details will be clearer.

[0118] Final product inspection is a crucial step to ensure that each helmet pattern meets the design requirements. Through a high-precision vision inspection system, the quality of the pattern can be comprehensively analyzed to ensure that it meets the uniqueness standard and eliminate any possible production defects. This step not only ensures the artistry of the pattern but also ensures the quality consistency in appearance of each helmet.

[0119] In some embodiments, a high-resolution camera is used to collect images of each helmet, and then a dedicated image processing software is used to analyze the pattern. The inspection content includes the clarity of the pattern, color uniformity, edge accuracy, whether there are repeated parts, etc.

[0120] To ensure the uniqueness of each helmet pattern, the system uses a fractal algorithm or a similarity analysis algorithm to analyze the complexity and randomness of the pattern. By comparing different regions and the overall structure of the pattern, the algorithm can determine whether the pattern meets the uniqueness standard, that is, the pattern does not have repeated or overly similar parts.

[0121] The inspection system can automatically detect defects in the pattern, such as ink spraying omission, scratches, bubbles or unclear patterns. For the detected defects, the system will automatically mark and classify them to ensure that unqualified products are screened out. Helmets with qualified quality will be marked as passed and enter the next production link.

[0122] In some embodiments, the system generates a detection report for each helmet, which includes the detailed analysis results of the pattern, the quality score, and whether it meets the standards. If the pattern does not meet the requirements, the report will indicate the specific defect types and locations, facilitating subsequent manual inspection and repair.

[0123] To further ensure the uniqueness of the pattern for each helmet, the self-similarity of the pattern can be evaluated through fractal analysis techniques. Fractal geometry can describe whether there is self-similarity in the structure of each part of the pattern. Through the analysis of the fractal dimension of the pattern, the system can determine whether the pattern meets the requirements of randomness and non-repeatability.

[0124] Calculation of the fractal dimension: The fractal dimension of the pattern can be calculated through the box-counting method. The higher the value of the fractal dimension, the richer the details of the pattern, and the higher the randomness and complexity.

[0125] Similarity analysis: The similarity between different regions of the pattern is calculated through an algorithm to ensure that the pattern has no repetitions or unnecessary regularities.

[0126] To quantify the quality of the pattern, the following formula can be used to evaluate the quality of the pattern:

[0127] Where: is the pattern quality score, comprehensively considering the clarity, details, and uniqueness of the pattern; is the weight value of the pattern features, adjusted according to the complexity, clarity, etc. of the pattern; is the pattern feature analysis function, describing the quality and clarity of the feature points; is the th key feature point in the pattern, which may include the color, edges, etc. of the pattern; : The total number of pattern feature points.

[0128] This formula helps to evaluate the quality of each pattern, ensures that it meets the design requirements, and provides quantitative data support in the final inspection of the product. The post-processing process improves the clarity and fineness of the pattern, and the detection process ensures the stability and uniqueness of the pattern. By combining fractal analysis and similarity detection, the complexity and artistry of the pattern are further enhanced, ultimately ensuring the uniqueness of each helmet pattern.

[0129] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A production process for a non-controllable pattern helmet, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Substrate selection and surface pretreatment: Select a substrate suitable for spraying and treat its surface to ensure ink adhesion; Ink preparation and debugging: Prepare inks with specific viscosity, volatility and reactivity to ensure the randomness and complexity of pattern generation; Spraying equipment settings and control: adjust the airflow pressure, spraying angle and spraying speed of the spraying equipment to simulate different flow patterns and form multi-level ink flow; Pattern generation and optimization: By controlling the ink diffusion process, fractal geometry and chaos theory are applied to generate irregular and unpredictable patterns, and the pattern structure is optimized through reaction-diffusion model; Drying and curing: Use ultraviolet curing or hot air drying methods to cure the ink on the surface of the substrate and form the desired pattern; Post-processing and finished product inspection: Clean and polish the pattern surface, and use a visual inspection system to ensure the uniqueness of the pattern.

2. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate selection and surface pretreatment steps include: Choose acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate or polypropylene spray material; The surface of the selected substrate is treated with plasma or chemical solution to remove oil and impurities and increase ink adhesion.

3. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ink preparation and debugging steps include: Formulate a mixture of thermal ink, nanoparticle ink and reactive ink to ensure that the ink can produce cracks or gradient irregular patterns after spraying; Adjust the viscosity, volatility and particle size distribution of the ink to ensure the diffusion and randomness of the ink, thereby controlling the complexity of the pattern.

4. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying equipment setting and control steps include: By adjusting the air flow pressure, spraying angle and spraying speed of the spraying equipment, different flow modes of laminar or turbulent flow can be simulated to ensure that the ink forms a complex flow pattern on the surface of the substrate; The spraying equipment includes an adjustable nozzle system, which controls the spraying shape of the ink by controlling the nozzle opening angle and size, thereby ensuring the unpredictability of each pattern.

5. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pattern generation and optimization steps include: During the spraying process, the diffusion coefficient and reaction rate of the ink are adjusted to control the diffusion path of the ink and the reaction behavior of the particles, so that cracks or spots are generated; The fractal geometry theory is used to generate self-similar patterns, and ink particles of different sizes are used to produce random textures of different scales.

6. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying and curing steps include: UV curing or hot air drying is used to cure the ink and stabilize the pattern in a short time; According to the characteristics of the ink, the curing temperature and time are controlled to ensure that the surface of the ink is cured without deformation and maintain the stability of the pattern.

7. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-processing and finished product testing steps include: Use a high-pressure water gun or fine sandpaper to clean the ink surface and remove unnecessary parts; Each helmet’s pattern is scanned using a vision inspection system to ensure the pattern is unique and software analyzes the pattern for duplication or defects.

8. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the spraying equipment setting and control step, the airflow control device includes: The airflow regulator adjusts the intensity and direction of the airflow during the spraying process according to the desired spraying pattern effect, so that the ink spreads on the surface of the substrate and forms the expected pattern effect; By adjusting different wind speeds and directions, the ink particles produce different flow patterns in different areas, further enhancing the randomness of the pattern.

9. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size control in the ink preparation and debugging steps includes: By selecting the appropriate ink particle size, the coarseness and texture of the pattern formed after spraying can be controlled; The particles in the ink have different particle size ranges. By adjusting the distribution of the particles in the ink, the pattern generated can have different levels and randomness.

10. The production process of a non-controllable pattern helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactive ink in the ink preparation and debugging steps includes: Reactive ingredients are added to the ink, so that the ink can react with the substrate or other ingredients during the curing process, resulting in cracks, spots and unpredictable gradients; By adjusting the reaction rate and reaction temperature, the rate of change of the pattern is controlled to ensure that the pattern forms a random and unique effect during the production process.

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