Power propulsion system of alcohol hydrogen power electric ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a power propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen power electric ship, comprising: a hydrogen generation module for preparing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas from liquid methanol; a hydrogen supply module; the circulating cooling module comprises a third-stage heat exchanger, an outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger is connected with a cooling inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, a cooling outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with the third-stage heat exchanger through a circulating pipeline, and a heat exchange branch used for exchanging heat with the physical adsorption subunit is arranged on the circulating pipeline; and the ship power grid is used for supplying power to a propulsion motor of the ship. Compared with the prior art, the problem that redundant hydrogen exceeding the power generation requirement in an existing alcohol hydrogen power electric ship is wasted is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric ships, and particularly relates to a power propulsion system for an alcohol-hydrogen-powered electric ship. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells use high-purity hydrogen as fuel. Hydrogen and oxygen are respectively supplied to the anode and cathode. After hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with the electrolyte, electrons are released and reach the cathode through an external load. Hydrogen fuel cells convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen directly into chemical energy through an electrochemical reaction method, and have advantages such as high thermal efficiency and large energy density, and are suitable as the power source for electric ships. For example, Chinese Patent CN113809361B discloses a hydrogen fuel power system for instant hydrogen production and a ship, including a raw material storage unit, a hydrogen generation unit, a hydrogen treatment unit, and a hydrogen energy conversion unit connected in sequence through a conveying pipeline; the raw material storage unit is used to store hydrogen production raw materials; the hydrogen generation unit is used to cause the incoming hydrogen production raw materials to undergo a chemical reaction and generate hydrogen; the hydrogen treatment unit is used to purify the incoming hydrogen; the hydrogen energy conversion unit is used to convert the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy, mechanical energy, or thermal energy.

[0003] In the existing power system of electric ships powered by hydrogen fuel cells, methanol is required for instant hydrogen production. However, after the propulsion load of the electric ship decreases due to braking or other reasons, in order to ensure the stability of the hydrogen production process, the amount of hydrogen produced remains unchanged, resulting in an overabundance and waste of power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power propulsion system for an alcohol-hydrogen-powered electric ship to solve the problem of waste of excess hydrogen produced beyond the power generation demand in existing alcohol-hydrogen-powered electric ships.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A power propulsion system for an alcohol-hydrogen-powered electric ship, comprising:

[0006] A hydrogen generation module, which is used to prepare hydrogen-rich syngas from liquid methanol;

[0007] A hydrogen supply module, which includes a purifier, a low-purity hydrogen supply unit, and a high-purity hydrogen supply unit. The purifier is used to purify the hydrogen-rich syngas into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity hydrogen syngas. The low-purity hydrogen supply unit is connected to the low-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier. The low-purity hydrogen supply unit includes a first supply branch and a second supply branch. A first solenoid valve and an inerting tank are provided on the first supply branch. A nitrogen supply pipe is connected to the inerting tank, and the inerting tank is connected to the atmospheric environment. A second solenoid valve and a methanol engine are provided on the second supply branch.

[0008] The high-purity hydrogen supply unit includes a third supply branch and a fourth supply branch. A third solenoid valve and a hydrogen fuel cell are provided on the third supply branch. The fourth supply branch includes a fourth solenoid valve and a physical adsorption sub-unit. The physical adsorption sub-unit is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through a hydrogen replenishment branch.

[0009] The circulating cooling module includes a third-stage heat exchanger. The outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger is connected to the cooling inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell. The cooling outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the third-stage heat exchanger through a circulating pipeline. A heat exchange branch for heat exchange with the physical adsorption sub-unit is provided on the circulating pipeline.

[0010] The ship power grid is used to supply power to the propulsion motor of the ship.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The physical adsorption sub-unit includes a pressurizing device and a hydrogen storage tank. A metal-organic framework material is provided in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] A primary heat exchanger and an intermediate heat exchanger are also provided on the circulating pipeline. The primary heat exchanger is used to cool the high-temperature coolant in the circulating pipeline to an intermediate temperature and then send it to the intermediate heat exchanger. The intermediate heat exchanger exchanges heat for the hydrogen in the third supply branch and the hydrogen in the hydrogen replenishment branch through two independent tube passes.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The hydrogen generation module includes a methanol storage tank, a methanol evaporator, a reactor, and a separator. Liquid methanol is provided in the methanol storage tank. The methanol evaporator is used to vaporize the liquid methanol into methanol vapor. The methanol evaporator is connected to the reactor. A water vapor supply pipe is connected to the reactor. The reactor is used to generate hydrogen-rich synthesis vapor containing water vapor through a hydrolysis reaction of methanol vapor and water vapor. The separator is used to separate the water vapor in the hydrogen-rich synthesis vapor. The separator is connected to a purifier.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] A buffer tank is provided between the separator and the purifier.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The separator is connected to the reactor through a water vapor circulation pipe.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The storage battery is connected to the ship power grid through a DC / AC converter.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In the present invention, when the hydrogen-rich syngas generated by the hydrogen generation module exceeds the demand, the excess low-purity hydrogen syngas is inerted with nitrogen in the inerting tank by opening the first solenoid valve on the first supply branch, so that the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas is further reduced, and it is discharged directly at low cost and safely. For the excess high-purity hydrogen, the fourth solenoid valve on the fourth supply branch is opened, so that the high-purity hydrogen is physically adsorbed to avoid hydrogen waste. And when the hydrogen fuel cell supply is insufficient, the solenoid valve on the heat exchange branch can be opened, so that the high-temperature coolant discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell heats up and desorbs the physical adsorption sub-unit, so that hydrogen is supplemented to the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen supply branch to ensure the stable hydrogen supply of the hydrogen fuel cell. Different and targeted methods are used to process the low-purity hydrogen syngas and high-purity hydrogen, effectively avoiding the waste of methanol fuel, and at the same time, the cost of hydrogen treatment is low and the safety is good.

[0025] 2. In the present invention, the primary heat exchanger is used to cool the high-temperature coolant in the circulation pipeline to an intermediate temperature and then send it to the intermediate heat exchanger, avoiding the too high temperature of the cooling medium in the intermediate heat exchanger 92. Then, the intermediate heat exchanger 92 exchanges heat through two independent tube passes for the hydrogen in the third supply branch and the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply branch, controlling the temperature of the hydrogen to be preheated to 60-80 degrees, improving the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 3, making full use of the high-temperature coolant of the hydrogen fuel cell 3, and reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a system architecture diagram of a power propulsion system for an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship.

[0028] Legend Explanation:

[0029] 1. Nitrogen supply pipe; 2. Methanol engine; 3. Hydrogen fuel cell; 4. Hydrogen storage tank; 9. Third-stage heat exchanger; 91. Primary heat exchanger; 92. Intermediate heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a power propulsion system for an alcohol-hydrogen-powered electric ship, including:

[0034] A hydrogen generation module, which is used to prepare hydrogen-rich syngas from liquid methanol;

[0035] A hydrogen supply module, which includes a purifier, a low-purity hydrogen supply unit, and a high-purity hydrogen supply unit. The purifier is used to purify the hydrogen-rich syngas into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity syngas. The low-purity hydrogen supply unit is connected to the low-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier. The low-purity hydrogen supply unit includes a first supply branch and a second supply branch. A first solenoid valve and an inerting tank are arranged on the first supply branch. A nitrogen supply pipe 1 is connected to the inerting tank, and the inerting tank is connected to the atmospheric environment. A second solenoid valve and a methanol engine 2 are arranged on the second supply branch. The methanol engine 2 is used to drive a generator;

[0036] The high-purity hydrogen supply unit includes a third supply branch and a fourth supply branch. A third solenoid valve and a hydrogen fuel cell 3 are arranged on the third supply branch. The electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 3 is connected to the ship's power grid through an AC / DC converter. The fourth supply branch includes a fourth solenoid valve and a physical adsorption sub-unit. The physical adsorption sub-unit is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 3 through a hydrogen replenishment branch;

[0037] A circulating cooling module, which includes a third-stage heat exchanger 9. The outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger 9 is connected to the cooling inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 3. The cooling outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 3 is connected to the third-stage heat exchanger 9 through a circulating pipeline. A heat exchange branch for exchanging heat with the physical adsorption sub-unit is arranged on the circulating pipeline;

[0038] A ship's power grid, which is used to supply power to the propulsion motor of the ship.

[0039] When the hydrogen-rich syngas generated by the hydrogen generation module exceeds the demand, the excess low-purity hydrogen syngas is inerted with nitrogen in the inerting tank by opening the first solenoid valve on the first supply branch, further reducing the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas, and then discharged directly at low cost and safely.

[0040] For the excess high-purity hydrogen, the fourth solenoid valve on the fourth supply branch is opened, so that the high-purity hydrogen is physically adsorbed to avoid hydrogen waste. And when the supply of the hydrogen fuel cell 3 is insufficient, the solenoid valve on the heat exchange branch can be opened, so that the high-temperature coolant discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell 3 heats up and desorbs the physical adsorption sub-unit, enabling the hydrogen to be supplemented to the hydrogen fuel cell 3 through the hydrogen replenishment branch to ensure the stable hydrogen supply of the hydrogen fuel cell 3.

[0041] Adopting different and targeted methods to treat the low-purity hydrogen syngas and high-purity hydrogen can effectively avoid the waste of methanol fuel, while the cost of hydrogen treatment is low and the safety is good.

[0042] Specifically, the physical adsorption sub-unit includes a pressurizing device and a hydrogen storage tank 4. A metal-organic framework material (MOFs) is arranged in the hydrogen storage tank 4, and the pressurizing device can effectively control the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 4 to ensure the adsorption effect of the metal-organic framework material on hydrogen.

[0043] The storage battery is connected to the ship power grid through a DC / AC converter. For the excess power, the storage battery 8 can be charged to avoid waste.

[0044] Working principle: When the power propulsion system of the methanol-hydrogen-powered electric ship works, the hydrogen generation module prepares hydrogen-rich syngas from liquid methanol. The hydrogen-rich syngas is purified into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity hydrogen syngas by a purifier in the hydrogen supply module. The low-purity hydrogen syngas and methane are supplied to the methanol engine 2 together for co-combustion, improving the combustion quality of the methanol engine 2 and the power generation efficiency of the generator. At the same time, the high-purity hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 3, and the hydrogen fuel cell 3 generates electricity to the ship power grid. The electric energy generated by the generator and the hydrogen fuel cell 3 is input into the ship power grid and then transmitted to the propulsion motor of the ship, thereby driving the propeller to realize the electric propulsion of the ship.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiment, the following technical solutions are further improved in this embodiment: A primary heat exchanger 91 and an intermediate heat exchanger 92 are further arranged on the circulation pipeline. The primary heat exchanger is used to cool the high-temperature coolant in the circulation pipeline to an intermediate temperature and then send it into the intermediate heat exchanger 92. The intermediate heat exchanger is a two-channel heat exchanger, and the intermediate heat exchanger 92 exchanges heat for the hydrogen in the third supply branch and the hydrogen in the hydrogen replenishment branch through two independent tube passes.

[0047] The primary heat exchanger is used to cool the high-temperature coolant in the circulation pipeline to an intermediate temperature and then send it into the intermediate heat exchanger 92, so as to avoid the over-high temperature of the cooling medium in the intermediate heat exchanger 92. Then, the intermediate heat exchanger 92 exchanges heat with the hydrogen in the third supply branch and the hydrogen in the hydrogen replenishment branch through two independent tube passes, controls the temperature of the hydrogen to be preheated to 60 - 80 degrees, improves the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 3, makes full use of the high-temperature coolant of the hydrogen fuel cell 3, and reduces energy consumption.

[0048] In addition, the heat exchange branch is arranged between the primary heat exchanger 91 and the hydrogen fuel cell 3, which avoids wasting the heat of the high-temperature coolant and ensures the hydrogen desorption effect in the hydrogen storage tank 4.

[0049] Embodiment 3

[0050] On the basis of the above embodiment, the following technical solutions are further improved in this embodiment: The hydrogen generation module includes a methanol storage tank, a methanol evaporator 21, a reactor and a separator. Liquid methanol is provided in the methanol storage tank. The methanol evaporator 21 is used to vaporize the liquid methanol into methanol vapor. The methanol evaporator 21 is connected to the reactor. The water vapor supply pipe 22 is connected to the reactor. The reactor is used to generate a hydrogen-rich synthesis vapor containing water vapor through a hydrolysis reaction of the methanol vapor and water vapor. The separator is used to separate the water vapor in the hydrogen-rich synthesis vapor, and the separator is connected to the purifier.

[0051] Liquid methanol stored in the methanol storage tank is input into the methanol evaporator 21 and vaporized into methanol vapor. Then, the methanol vapor and water vapor are introduced into the reactor, and a hydrogen-rich synthesis vapor containing water vapor is generated through a hydrolysis reaction. Then, the separator separates the water vapor in the hydrogen-rich synthesis vapor to obtain hydrogen-rich synthesis gas. Moreover, the separator is connected to the reactor through a water vapor circulation pipe, so that the separated water vapor is cyclically supplied to the separator, reducing the supply amount of the water vapor supply pipe 22 and saving energy.

[0052] In addition, a buffer tank is arranged between the separator and the purifier to ensure the stable supply of the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.

[0053] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A propulsion system for an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen generation module, which is used to prepare hydrogen-rich synthesis gas from liquid methanol; A hydrogen supply module, comprising a purifier, a low-purity hydrogen supply unit and a high-purity hydrogen supply unit, wherein the purifier is used to purify hydrogen-rich synthesis gas into high-purity hydrogen and low-purity hydrogen synthesis gas, the low-purity hydrogen supply unit is connected to the low-purity hydrogen outlet of the purifier, the low-purity hydrogen supply unit comprises a first supply branch and a second supply branch, the first supply branch is provided with a first solenoid valve and an inerting tank, a nitrogen supply pipe is connected to the inerting tank, the inerting tank is connected to the atmospheric environment, and the second supply branch is provided with a second solenoid valve and a methanol engine; The high-purity hydrogen supply unit includes a third supply branch and a fourth supply branch, the third supply branch is provided with a third solenoid valve and a hydrogen fuel cell, the fourth supply branch includes a fourth solenoid valve and a physical adsorption subunit, and the physical adsorption subunit is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell via a hydrogen replenishment branch; A circulating cooling module, comprising a third-stage heat exchanger, wherein the outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger is connected to the cooling inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the cooling outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the third-stage heat exchanger via a circulating pipeline, wherein a heat exchange branch for exchanging heat with the physical adsorption subunit is provided on the circulating pipeline; The ship's electrical grid is used to supply power to the ship's propulsion motors.

2. The propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical adsorption subunit includes a pressurizing device and a hydrogen storage tank, and a metal organic framework material is arranged in the hydrogen storage tank.

3. The propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation pipeline is also provided with a primary heat exchanger and an intermediate heat exchanger. The primary heat exchanger is used to cool the high-temperature coolant in the circulation pipeline to an intermediate temperature and then send it into the intermediate heat exchanger. The intermediate heat exchanger exchanges heat between the hydrogen in the third supply branch and the hydrogen replenishment branch through two independent pipe passes.

4. The propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen generation module includes a methanol storage tank, a methanol evaporator, a reactor and a separator. Liquid methanol is arranged in the methanol storage tank. The methanol evaporator is used to vaporize the liquid methanol into methanol vapor. The methanol evaporator is connected to the reactor. The water vapor supply pipe is connected to the reactor. The reactor is used to generate hydrogen-rich synthetic steam containing water vapor by hydrolyzing methanol vapor and water vapor. The separator is used to separate water vapor from the hydrogen-rich synthetic steam. The separator is connected to the purifier.

5. The propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: A buffer tank is arranged between the separator and the purifier.

6. The propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The separator is connected to the reactor via a water vapor circulation pipe.

7. The propulsion system of an alcohol-hydrogen powered electric ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is connected to the ship's power grid via a DC / AC converter.

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