Amplitude-variable manual suspender, hoisting radius adjusting method and hoisting method

Abstract

The invention relates to an amplitude-variable manual suspender, a hoisting radius adjusting method and a hoisting method, and relates to the technical field of ships, the amplitude-variable manual suspender comprises a supporting stand column, a rotating stand column and a detachable telescopic suspension arm, the supporting stand column is fixed to a deck through a stand column base, and a rotating flange and a rotating mechanism are arranged on the supporting stand column; the rotary stand column is mounted above the rotary flange, a winch support is arranged at the bottom, a middle suspension arm support is arranged in the middle, and a movable pulley mechanism and a top pulley are arranged at the top; the detachable telescopic suspension arm is hinged to the middle suspension arm support through a rotary eye plate and connected with a top steel wire rope through a variable-amplitude eye plate, and the top steel wire rope is connected with a variable-amplitude winch through a movable pulley mechanism and a top pulley, so that angle adjustment of the suspension arm is achieved. The variable-amplitude hoisting system has the function flexibility of variable-amplitude hoisting, and a lightweight hoisting solution with economical efficiency, maintainability and multi-scene adaptability is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and can be subdivided into ships that require the use of lifting equipment and whose safe working load (SWL) is less than 2 tons. In particular, it relates to a variable-amplitude manual boom, a method for adjusting the lifting radius, and a lifting method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of ship cargo lifting, light cranes with a safe working load (SWL) below 2 tons mainly adopt two technical solutions: fixed-distance cranes and variable-amplitude cranes.

[0003] Traditional fixed-distance cranes achieve the basic lifting function through a fixed boom structure, and their lifting radius is limited by the boom length and cannot be adjusted. Although fixed-distance cranes can drive the lifting and lowering of goods through pneumatic motors or manual cranks, and have the advantages of simple structure and low purchase cost, their rigid working radius restricts the equipment from covering multi-lifting-point operation scenarios, seriously restricting the operation flexibility under complex working conditions.

[0004] On the other hand, traditional variable-amplitude cranes can adjust the boom angle through a hydraulic pump station driving a hydraulic cylinder or an electric motor to change the working radius, and cooperate with a hoisting winch to complete the cargo lifting. However, their design relying on a precise hydraulic system or a high-power motor significantly increases the manufacturing cost and maintenance complexity. In addition, the failure rate of core components such as hydraulic cylinders is relatively high, resulting in a decrease in equipment reliability, and the later maintenance requires the intervention of professional technicians, further increasing the ship operation cost.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the prior art for a lightweight crane solution that combines the characteristics of low cost, easy maintenance, and multi-stage variable amplitude capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The following technical bottlenecks in the current ship hoisting equipment field need to be urgently broken through: 1. Functional limitations of fixed-distance cranes: Traditional fixed-distance cranes are limited by the fixed boom structure, and their working radius cannot be dynamically adjusted, resulting in the equipment being unable to adapt to the multi-region lifting point coverage requirements and seriously restricting the diversity of operation scenarios; 2. Insufficient economy of variable-amplitude cranes: Traditional variable-amplitude cranes rely on hydraulic cylinders or electric motors to drive the variable-amplitude mechanism, with high system complexity and significantly increased manufacturing costs. At the same time, the maintenance requirements of precision components further push up the operation cost; 3. The balance contradiction between cost and function: There is a lack of a lightweight solution in the prior art that can break through the single working radius limitation of fixed-distance cranes while approaching the cost level of fixed-distance cranes and avoiding the high-cost defects of variable-amplitude cranes, making it difficult to achieve the coordinated optimization of low cost and high operation flexibility.

[0007] Through the innovative design of the present invention, it aims to replace the traditional hydraulic / electric luffing system with a modular mechanical structure, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost while realizing the multi-stage adjustable function of the working radius of the crane, thus taking into account both economic efficiency and the need for expanding the operation range.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention provides a manually variable luffing boom, including a support column, a slewing column and a detachable telescopic boom. The support column is fixed to the deck through a column base, and is provided with a rotating flange and a slewing mechanism thereon; the slewing column is installed above the rotating flange, with a winch support at its bottom, a middle boom support in the middle, and a movable pulley mechanism and a top pulley at the top; the detachable telescopic boom is hinged to the middle boom support through a swivel eye plate and is connected to the top wire rope through a luffing eye plate. The top wire rope is connected to a luffing winch through the movable pulley mechanism and the top pulley to realize the adjustment of the boom angle.

[0009] Preferably, the detachable telescopic boom includes two sections of booms with different pipe diameters, and the length adjustment is realized through a boom telescopic locking mechanism, and a manual hoist is provided at the top end and a lifting eye plate is provided at the bottom.

[0010] Preferably, a track for the up and down movement of the movable pulley mechanism is provided in the middle of the slewing column, and the movable pulley mechanism is connected to the luffing winch through a middle wire rope.

[0011] Preferably, steps are provided on the support column and the slewing column, and a guardrail is provided on the outside of the slewing column.

[0012] Preferably, the luffing winch and the slewing mechanism are manual driving devices, or electric / hydraulic driving devices.

[0013] Preferably, a shackle is provided at the top end of the top wire rope for switching to connect the luffing eye plate or the lifting eye plate.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention provides a method for adjusting the lifting radius of a manually variable luffing boom, including:

[0015] Small amplitude adjustment step: Operate the luffing winch to drive the movable pulley mechanism to move along the track, and adjust the elevation angle of the detachable telescopic boom through the top wire rope;

[0016] Medium amplitude adjustment step: Release the luffing winch, unlock the boom telescopic locking mechanism, push and pull the detachable telescopic boom to adjust the length and then lock it again;

[0017] Large amplitude adjustment step: Release the luffing winch, unlock the boom telescopic locking mechanism, disassemble the detachable telescopic boom, replace the boom with a different length and refix it.

[0018] Preferably, the substantial adjustment step specifically includes:

[0019] Disconnect the top wire rope from the luffing eye plate and fix it to the hoisting eye plate.

[0020] Climb to the middle boom support and disconnect the boom connection.

[0021] Operate the luffing winch to lower the boom to the deck and replace it.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention provides a hoisting method for a manually-operated boom with variable luffing, including the following steps:

[0023] Adjust the hoisting radius to the target range according to the task requirements.

[0024] Fix the goods with the hook of the chain block and manually hoist them.

[0025] Fine-tune the radius through the luffing winch during hoisting.

[0026] Operate the slewing mechanism to rotate the crane to the lowering position.

[0027] Control the chain block to slowly lower the goods.

[0028] Preferably, it includes the above-mentioned small adjustment step, medium adjustment step and / or substantial adjustment step.

[0029] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] The present invention retains the cylinder support structure of the traditional fixed-distance crane, and realizes the compatible reuse of the infrastructure through integrated design, significantly reducing the equipment transformation cost.

[0031] The present invention supports rapid disassembly and replacement and multi-stage length combination by configuring modular luffing boom components, enabling the crane to dynamically match the best hoisting radius according to the operation scenario and realizing the adaptation of "one machine with multiple working conditions".

[0032] The present invention breaks through the inherent limitation of the single working radius of the traditional fixed-distance crane, and forms a continuously adjustable or stepwise extended coverage range through the synergistic effect of mechanical luffing and telescopic adjustment, improving the equipment's space adaptability.

[0033] The present invention abandons high-cost and high-maintenance components such as hydraulic cylinders relied on by traditional luffing cranes, and adopts a pure mechanical luffing drive scheme. While reducing the manufacturing cost by 30%-50%, the equipment failure rate is reduced by more than 40%, significantly reducing the daily maintenance workload of the crew. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1Front view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude

[0035] Figure 2 Side view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude

[0036] Figure 3 Top view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude

[0037] Figure 4 Detailed drawing of the boom telescopic locking mechanism. Crew members can adjust the lifting radius of the detachable telescopic boom of different lengths by tightening or loosening bolts

[0038] Figure 5 Detailed drawing of the movable pulley mechanism and the track

[0039] Figure 6 Front view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude at a small amplitude, where the detachable telescopic boom reflects two different working conditions under the condition of small-amplitude adjustment of the lifting radius

[0040] Figure 7 Front view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude, where the detachable telescopic boom reflects two different working conditions under the condition of medium-amplitude adjustment of the lifting radius

[0041] Figure 8 Front view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude, where the detachable telescopic boom reflects two different working conditions under the condition of large-amplitude adjustment of the lifting radius

[0042] Figure 9 Top view of a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude, reflecting different lifting radius conditions after small, medium, and large-amplitude adjustments of the lifting radius

[0043] Reference numerals: 1, support column; 2, column base; 3, rotating flange; 4, slewing mechanism; 5, luffing winch; 6, winch support; 7, rotating column; 8, middle boom support; 9, detachable telescopic boom; 10, movable pulley mechanism; 11, top pulley; 12, top wire rope; 13, chain block; 14, guard ring; 15, step; 16, slewing eye plate; 17, luffing eye plate; 18, hoisting eye plate; 19, boom telescopic locking mechanism; 20, track; 21, middle wire rope Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention

[0045] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a manually-operated boom with variable amplitude, and the safe working load (SWL) is less than 2 tons. It aims to solve the problems of simple functions and limited working radius of traditional fixed-distance cranes, as well as the relatively high cost of traditional variable-amplitude cranes. Through innovative structural design and working methods, while enriching the working radius range of the crane, the cost is reduced. Crew members can use the present invention to change the lifting radius of the crane in small, medium, and large amplitudes. The crane mainly consists of three key components, namely, a support column 1, a slewing column 7, and a detachable telescopic boom 9, which form the crane body.

[0046] The support column 1 is supported on the ship's deck through a column base 2, and a rotating flange 3 and a slewing mechanism 4 are installed thereon. Above the rotating flange 3, the slewing column 7 is installed. Crew members can change the angle of the slewing column 7 by rotating the slewing mechanism 4, so as to change the slewing angle of the crane and meet the position requirements under different working conditions.

[0047] A winch support 6 is installed at the bottom of the slewing column 7, a middle boom support 8 is installed in the middle, and a moving pulley mechanism 10 is installed at the top. A luffing winch 5 is installed on the winch support 6 to provide power for the luffing action of the boom. A detachable telescopic boom 9 is installed on the middle boom support 8. One end of the detachable telescopic boom 9 is installed with a swivel eye plate 16, which can rotate along the rotating shaft on the middle boom support 8 to achieve flexible adjustment of the boom within a certain angle.

[0048] A top pulley 11 is installed at the top of the slewing column 7 for the top wire rope 12 to pass through. Above the middle boom support 8 on the slewing column 7, there is a track 20 for the moving pulley mechanism 10 to move up and down. The luffing winch 5 is connected to the moving pulley mechanism 10 through a middle wire rope 21. When the crew rotates the luffing winch 5, the moving pulley mechanism 10 can move up and down on the track 20 of the slewing column 7, so that the top wire rope 12 can lift or lower the detachable telescopic boom 9, and the detachable telescopic boom 9 rotates along the central axis of the swivel eye plate 16, thereby achieving precise change of the lifting radius. And the moving pulley mechanism 10 plays a significant role in saving effort in this process, reducing the operation intensity of the crew.

[0049] A shackle is installed at the top of the top wire rope 12 for easy connection and adjustment, and is led to the variable-length eye plate 17 on the detachable telescopic boom 9 through the top pulley 11 from the driven pulley mechanism 10. A hand winch 13 is installed at the top of the detachable telescopic boom 9 for lifting or lowering goods, which is easy and labor-saving to operate. Steps 15 for crew members to climb onto the crane are installed on the support column 1 and the slewing column 7, which are convenient for crew members to perform high-altitude operations and maintenance operations. A guard ring 14 is installed on the slewing column 7 to protect the safety of the crew and prevent accidents during operation. A lifting eye plate 18 is installed at the bottom of the detachable telescopic boom 9, and a boom telescopic locking mechanism 19 is installed in the middle. The detachable telescopic boom 9 is divided into two upper and lower booms with different pipe diameters. The boom length can be adjusted in the middle range through the boom telescopic locking mechanism 19, which can flexibly adapt to different lifting radius requirements.

[0050] The luffing winch 5 for realizing the luffing function and the slewing mechanism 4 for realizing the slewing function can also be changed to electric or hydraulic to save manpower if funds permit.

[0051] The steps for changing the lifting radius of the fixed-distance crane of this variable-length boom are as follows:

[0052] 1. Working steps for small adjustments of the crane lifting radius:

[0053] (1) The crew rotates the luffing winch 5 and utilizes the labor-saving effect of the movable pulley mechanism 10 to pull up or lower the detachable telescopic boom 9 with the top wire rope 12, thereby achieving small and precise adjustment of the lifting radius to meet the needs of subtle position changes.

[0054] 2. Working steps for adjusting the lifting radius of the crane in the middle range:

[0055] (1) Loosen the luffing winch 5 to rotate the top end of the detachable telescopic boom 9 along the rotating shaft on the middle boom support 8 to the deck;

[0056] (2) The crew releases the boom telescopic locking mechanism 19 and pushes the top boom of the detachable telescopic boom 9 into or out of the bottom boom as required to change the overall length of the boom;

[0057] (3) The crew locks the boom telescopic locking mechanism 19 to complete the mid-range adjustment of the lifting radius and expand the working range of the crane.

[0058] 3. Working steps for large-scale adjustment of crane lifting radius:

[0059] (1) Loosen the luffing winch 5 to rotate the top end of the detachable telescopic boom 9 along the rotating shaft on the middle boom support 8 to the deck;

[0060] (2) Remove the shackle at the top of the top wire rope 12 on the luffing eye plate 17 and re-tie it to the lifting eye plate 18;

[0061] (3) The crew member stands on the tread 15 and releases the connection between the middle boom support 8 and the detachable telescopic boom 9;

[0062] (4) Lower the detachable telescopic boom 9 to the deck by the luffing winch 5;

[0063] (5) According to actual requirements, replace the detachable telescopic boom 9 with different radius ranges, so as to greatly adjust the lifting radius of the crane and adapt to diverse working scenarios.

[0064] The working steps of the fixed-distance hoisting of this luffing boom are as follows:

[0065] (1) According to the specific requirements of the hoisting task, through the above working steps of changing the lifting radius, adjust the lifting radius of the crane to a suitable position to ensure that the area where the goods are located can be accurately covered;

[0066] (2) Firmly hang the hook of the chain block 13 on the goods to be hoisted. The crew member evenly pulls the hand chain of the chain block 13 to smoothly lift the goods to the required height. The lifting process is safe and reliable, and the operation is simple;

[0067] (3) During the hoisting process, the crew member can, according to the position change of the goods and the operation requirements, flexibly make small adjustments to the lifting radius by timely rotating the luffing winch 5 to ensure the accuracy and adaptability of the hoisting process;

[0068] (4) Use the slewing mechanism 4 to slewing the entire crane to a suitable position for lowering the goods, ensuring that the goods can be accurately placed at the designated location, improving the hoisting efficiency and accuracy;

[0069] (5) After reaching the designated position, the crew member slowly pulls the hand chain of the chain block 13 to smoothly lower the goods to a suitable position; after the lowering is completed, carefully release the hook of the chain block 13. Thus, a complete goods hoisting operation is successfully completed, and the whole process is efficient, safe and flexible.

[0070] Through the above structure and working steps, the present invention effectively utilizes the cylindrical part of the fixed-distance hoist. By using luffing booms of different lengths, the lifting radius of the crane can be flexibly changed according to actual use conditions, increasing the selection range of the lifting radius. Compared with the traditional luffing crane, the luffing mechanism such as the hydraulic cylinder is simplified, reducing the cost and being more convenient for the crew's later maintenance.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manual boom with variable amplitude, characterized in that: The invention comprises a supporting column (1), a slewing column (7) and a detachable telescopic boom (9), wherein the supporting column (1) is fixed to the deck through a column base (2), and is provided with a slewing flange (3) and a slewing mechanism (4); the slewing column (7) is installed above the slewing flange (3), and is provided with a winch support (6) at the bottom, a middle boom support (8) in the middle, and a movable pulley mechanism (10) and a top pulley (11) at the top; the detachable telescopic boom (9) is hinged to the middle boom support (8) through a slewing eye plate (16), and is connected to a top steel wire rope (12) through a luffing eye plate (17); the top steel wire rope (12) is connected to the luffing winch (5) through the movable pulley mechanism (10) and the top pulley (11), so as to achieve the adjustment of the boom angle.

2. The variable amplitude manual boom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable telescopic boom (9) comprises two upper and lower booms with different pipe diameters, and the length is adjusted by a boom telescopic locking mechanism (19). A hand chain hoist (13) is provided at the top and a lifting eye plate (18) is provided at the bottom.

3. The variable amplitude manual boom according to claim 2, characterized in that: A track (20) for the movable pulley mechanism (10) to move up and down is provided in the middle of the rotary column (7), and the movable pulley mechanism (10) is connected to the variable-length winch (5) via a middle steel wire rope (21).

4. A manual boom with variable amplitude according to any one of claim 3, characterized in that: The supporting column (1) and the rotating column (7) are provided with steps (15), and the outer side of the rotating column (7) is provided with a guard ring (14).

5. A manual boom with variable amplitude according to any one of claim 3, characterized in that: The luffing winch (5) and the slewing mechanism (4) are manually driven devices, or are electric / hydraulic driven devices.

6. The variable amplitude manual boom according to claim 3, characterized in that: A shackle is provided at the top end of the top steel wire rope (12) for switching connection with the luffing eye plate (17) or the lifting eye plate (18).

7. A method for adjusting the lifting radius of a variable amplitude manual boom according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: include: Small amplitude adjustment step: operating the variable amplitude winch (5) to drive the movable pulley mechanism (10) to move along the track (20), and adjusting the elevation angle of the detachable telescopic boom (9) through the top wire rope (12); Mid-range adjustment step: releasing the variable-length winch (5), unlocking the boom telescopic locking mechanism (19), pushing and pulling the detachable telescopic boom (9) to adjust the length and then re-locking it; The steps of large-scale adjustment are as follows: releasing the luffing winch (5), unlocking the boom telescopic locking mechanism (19), disassembling the detachable telescopic boom (9), replacing a boom of different length and re-fixing it.

8. The method for adjusting the lifting radius of a variable amplitude manual boom according to claim 7, characterized in that: The major adjustment steps include: The top steel wire rope (12) is disconnected from the luffing eye plate (17) and fixed to the lifting eye plate (18); Climb to the middle boom support (8) and release the boom connection; The luffing winch (5) is operated to lower the boom to the deck and replace it.

9. A method for hoisting a variable amplitude manual boom according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Adjust the lifting radius to the target range according to mission requirements; The goods are fixed by hooking the hand chain hoist (13) and lifted manually; During the lifting process, the radius is finely adjusted by the luffing winch (5); Operating the slewing mechanism (4) to rotate the crane to a lowered position; The hand chain hoist (13) is controlled to slowly lower the goods.

10. A method for hoisting a variable amplitude manual boom according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the small amplitude adjustment step, the medium amplitude adjustment step and / or the large amplitude adjustment step in claim 7 or 8.

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