Aeration-assisted aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with replaceable filler and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an aeration-assisted aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with replaceable filler and a method, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The replaceable stuffing box is connected to the fixing frame in a sliding mode, stuffing is contained in the stuffing box, and the designed replaceable stuffing box is convenient to maintain and replace the stuffing. The aeration pipe is transversely arranged on the dam body, so that the aeration pipe is right opposite to the water through long round hole, the aeration is accurately controlled, and the aeration area is increased, so that the microbial biofilm formation efficiency is remarkably improved, the degradation capacity of pollutants is enhanced, and efficient tail water treatment is realized. When the system is used for tail water treatment, through the hydraulic lifting device and the integrated aeration design, filler replacement is achieved, maintenance and operation are convenient, the problem of filler blockage is effectively avoided, meanwhile, the treatment performance is improved, and the operation cost is reduced. The integrated design not only optimizes the overall energy efficiency, but also simplifies the infrastructure requirements, effectively utilizes limited land resources, and brings remarkable environmental and economic double benefits to the aquaculture industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with aeration assistance and replaceable fillers and a method therefor. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of China's economy, the aquaculture industry has witnessed unprecedented growth, with the aquaculture scale and output continuously expanding, bringing significant economic benefits. However, this rapid development has also exacerbated the problem of water environmental pollution. At present, China's aquaculture industry is characterized by high density, small scale, and wide distribution, resulting in an increasingly serious problem of aquaculture tail water discharge. Existing tail water treatment technologies mainly include physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods. Although each has its own characteristics, they have defects such as unstable treatment effects, high operating costs, and complex processes in practical applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of aquaculture tail water treatment technology with high efficiency, low consumption, simple structure, and convenient operation to cope with the complex and changeable aquaculture environment and achieve sustainable development.

[0003] In China, the three-pond two-dam technology is generally used for aquaculture tail water treatment. The current three-pond two-dam technology (such as a stepped aeration type aquaculture tail water grading treatment system with the application number CN202410155258.2) has a process of setting a filter dam and an aeration pipe between several sedimentation ponds, and the water outlet end of the aeration pipe is located above the first sedimentation pond on the lower side and lower than the water surface of the first sedimentation pond on the higher side. However, the problem is that the filter dam lacks flexibility and adjustability and is difficult to achieve rapid response and adjustment in the face of different water quality requirements. The distribution design of its aeration pipe fails to effectively cooperate with the filter material, thus limiting the improvement of the purification efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with aeration assistance and replaceable fillers and a method therefor. This device is a highly integrated filter dam for treating aquaculture tail water with replaceable fillers and an added aeration device.

[0005] The specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with aeration assistance and replaceable fillers, including a dam bottom and side walls on both sides, and further including a filler box, an aeration device, a fixing frame, a fixing plate, and a road surface structure;

[0007] There are several fixing frames parallel to the two side walls. There are intervals between the fixing frames and their bottoms are all fixed on the dam bottom. Fixing plates are vertically arranged on both sides of the fixing frames respectively. Inside the fixing frames, a first grid net and a second grid net which are parallel to each other are vertically arranged; the two ends of the first grid net and the second grid net are respectively fixed on the two side walls, and the bottom is fixed on the dam bottom. The first grid net and the second grid net divide the filter dam into three parts; the two parts of the filter dam outside the first grid net and the second grid net are used as the first filler layer, and the part between the first grid net and the second grid net is used as the second filler layer; between adjacent fixing frames in the first filler layer, there are all filler boxes which can slide vertically up and down along the fixing frames and aeration devices are arranged on the outside of the filler boxes. The filler boxes are filled with biochar; a road surface structure is arranged on the top of the second filler layer.

[0008] Preferably, there are five fixing frames, the intervals between adjacent fixing frames are the same, and the fixing frames at the outermost sides are respectively fixedly connected with the two side walls.

[0009] Preferably, the tops of the fixing frames, the first grid net and the second grid net are on the same horizontal plane.

[0010] Preferably, a groove is formed in the dam bottom below the filler box, and a hydraulic lifting device for providing an up-and-down moving force to the filler box is arranged in the groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting device includes a base, a hydraulic rod and a lifting platform; the base is fixed at the bottom of the groove, a hydraulic rod is vertically fixed on the top of the base, and a lifting platform for placing the filler box is fixed on the top of the hydraulic rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a control button for controlling the hydraulic lifting device is installed on the top of one side wall, and a rain shield shell is arranged outside the control button.

[0013] Preferably, the road surface structure includes a cement road surface and railings; the cement road surface is supported on the top of the second filler layer, and two rows of railings are respectively arranged on both sides of the cement road surface along the length direction.

[0014] Preferably, the biochar is one or more of sludge carbon, rice straw carbon, peanut shell carbon and food waste carbon, and gravel is filled in the second filler layer.

[0015] Preferably, a number of first water-permeable long oval holes are arranged in an array on two side walls of the stuffing box perpendicular to the wall body. The long axis of the first water-permeable long oval holes is arranged vertically. The cover plate on the top of the stuffing box is detachably connected, and a number of second water-permeable long oval holes are arranged in an array thereon. The long axis of the second water-permeable long oval holes is parallel to the wall body. The aeration device includes an aeration pipe, an air outlet pipe, a pump head and an air inlet pipe. The pump head is located outside the stuffing box, and an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are connected thereto. The end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the aeration pipe. The aeration pipes are horizontally arranged and there are multiple ones, which can cover each first water-permeable long oval hole for aerating the inside of the stuffing box.

[0016] Second, the present invention provides a tail water treatment method for an aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam using the aeration assistance of any one of the first aspects for replaceable fillers, which is specifically as follows:

[0017] The aquaculture tail water is introduced into the aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam, and the water surface height is below the road surface structure. The air outlet of the aeration pipe of the aeration device is directly opposite to the first water-permeable long oval hole of the stuffing box to increase the aeration area. At the same time, the aeration intensity of the aeration device is controlled to be 0.3 L / min to 0.6 L / min and the aeration time is 12 h to ensure the oxygen supply in the water body. The tail water is synergistically treated by the fillers in the first filler layer and the second filler layer, and pollutants including organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, tetracycline and phosphorus are removed through the adsorption and degradation of biochar, microbial nitrification and denitrification. The pollutants are further removed through the adsorption and absorption of aquatic plants to improve the oxygen environment conditions inside the fillers. By vertically sliding the stuffing box up and down, the fillers can be regularly replaced and added.

[0018] Further, the aeration pipe is fixed on the fixing plate.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0020] 1) The present invention adopts a replaceable stuffing box, divides the fillers into multiple small units, and is equipped with a hydraulic lifting device in each unit, which can flexibly replace and add fillers, significantly improving the maintenance convenience and operation flexibility of the filter dam and increasing the service life of the filter dam.

[0021] 2) The present invention installs an aeration mechanism transversely on the dam body, makes the aeration pipe directly opposite to the water-permeable long oval hole, precisely controls the aeration, increases the aeration area, significantly improves the microbial film-forming efficiency, enhances the pollutant degradation ability, and realizes efficient tail water treatment.

[0022] 3) Compared with the traditional tail water treatment method, the present invention is not only simple in structure and easy to operate, but also optimizes the overall energy efficiency. The hydraulic lifting and integrated aeration design enables the system to significantly improve the treatment performance without increasing energy consumption and reduces the operation cost.

[0023] 4) The present invention makes better use of limited land resources through integrated design, simplifies infrastructure requirements, and at the same time improves the economic benefits of the treatment process, bringing significant environmental and economic benefits to the aquaculture industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with an aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the dam body frame in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a new type of replaceable filler box and a hydraulic lifting device in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the aeration device in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic structure diagram at A in

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of different fillers in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the influence of different conditions on the pollutant removal rate in the embodiment;

[0033] Among them, 1, wall; 101, control button; 102, rainproof housing; 2, bottom of the dam; 201, hydraulic lifting device; 202, base; 203, hydraulic rod; 204, lifting platform; 3, filler box; 301, first water seepage long round hole; 302, cover plate; 303, second water seepage long round hole; 4, aeration device; 401, aeration pipe; 402, air outlet pipe; 403, pump head; 404, air inlet pipe; 5, fixing frame; 501, first grid; 502, second grid; 6, fixing plate; 701, cement road surface; 702, railing; 801, first filler layer; 802, second filler layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0036] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention and provide specific implementation manners.

[0037] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, a filter dam for treating aquaculture tail water with aeration-assisted replaceable fillers provided by the present invention includes, in addition to a conventional dam bottom 2 and side walls 1 on both sides, a filler box 3, an aeration device 4, a fixing frame 5, a fixing plate 6, a road surface structure, and other settings.

[0038] The structures and connection manners of each component will be specifically described below.

[0039] In the present invention, a plurality of fixing frames 5 parallel to the side walls 1 are provided between the side walls 1 on both sides. There is a certain interval between adjacent fixing frames 5, and the bottoms of all the fixing frames 5 are fixed to the top of the dam bottom 2. Fixing plates 6 are respectively provided on both vertical sides of the fixing frame 5. The fixing plates 6 are also vertically arranged, with the top being horizontal with the top of the fixing frame 5 and the bottom being fixed to the top of the dam bottom 2.

[0040] As a relatively preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the fixing frame 5 can be set to five, and the intervals between adjacent fixing frames 5 are the same. The outermost fixing frames 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls 1 on both sides. That is to say, five fixing plates 6 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the fixing frame 5, that is, there are a total of ten fixing plates 6 in this embodiment.

[0041] In the present invention, in the fixing frame 5, there are a first grid 501 and a second grid 502 that are parallel to each other. Both the first grid 501 and the second grid 502 are perpendicular to the wall 1. The two ends of the first grid 501 and the second grid 502 are respectively fixed to the walls 1 on both sides, and the bottom is fixed to the dam bottom 2. The first grid 501 and the second grid 502 divide both the filter dam and the fixing frame 5 into three parts: left, right, and middle. The two parts (i.e., the left part and the right part) of the filter dam located outside the first grid 501 and the second grid 502 serve as the first filler layer 801, and the part (i.e., the middle part) located between the first grid 501 and the second grid 502 serves as the second filler layer 802.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure a better separation effect, the tops of the fixing frame 5, the first grid 501, and the second grid 502 are arranged on the same horizontal plane.

[0043] In the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, between adjacent fixing frames 5 in the first filler layer 801, there are all packing boxes 3. The packing boxes 3 can slide vertically up and down along the fixing frame 5, and aeration devices 4 are provided on the outside of all the packing boxes 3. The packing boxes 3 are filled with biochar. There is a road surface structure on the top of the second filler layer 802.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, a plurality of grooves are opened at the top of the dam bottom 2, and each groove is respectively located directly below the packing box 3. A hydraulic lifting device 201 is provided in the groove, and the hydraulic lifting device 201 is used to provide an upward and downward moving force for the packing box 3. As shown in this embodiment, there are eight groove hydraulic lifting devices 201 and packing boxes 3.

[0045] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown, the hydraulic lifting device 201 mainly includes a base 202, a hydraulic rod 203, and a lifting platform 204. Among them, the base 202 is fixed to the bottom of the groove, a vertically arranged hydraulic rod 203 is fixed to the top of the base 202, and a lifting platform 204 is fixed to the top of the hydraulic rod 203. The lifting platform 204 is used to place the packing box 3, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the packing box 3. During actual use, the lifting platform 204 can be in sliding contact connection with the inner wall of the groove of the dam bottom 2 and the fixing frame 5, so as to realize the fixation of the packing box 3 during the up and down movement.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6As shown, a control button 101 can be installed at the top of the wall 1 on one side. The control button 101 is used to control the hydraulic lifting device 201 and then adjust the up and down positions of each stuffing box 3 as needed. To increase the service life of the control button 101, a rain shield 102 can be provided outside the control button 101. During actual use, clicking the button drives the lifting platform by pulling the hydraulic rod to push the stuffing box out of the fixing frame, thereby completing the replacement of the stuffing.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6 shown, the road surface structure provided on the top of the second stuffing layer 802 mainly includes a cement road surface 701 and railings 702. The cement road surface 701 is supported on the top of the second stuffing layer 802, and two rows of railings 702 are respectively provided on both sides of the cement road surface 701 along the length direction to prevent pedestrians or vehicles from accidentally falling and ensure traffic safety.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biochar filled in the stuffing box 3 can be set as one or more of sludge charcoal, rice straw charcoal, peanut shell charcoal, and perishable waste charcoal according to actual conditions. The setting of biochar facilitates improving the water purification rate of the filter dam. The second stuffing layer 802 is filled with gravel, and the setting of gravel facilitates improving the water seepage rate of the filter dam. Further, the biochar 9 is preferably set as sludge charcoal. Compared with rice straw charcoal, perishable waste charcoal, and peanut shell charcoal, sludge charcoal has the highest pollutant removal rate. The filling height of the stuffing should be higher than the highest upstream water level.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, a plurality of first water-permeable long round holes 301 arranged in an array are opened on two side walls of the stuffing box 3 perpendicular to the wall 1. The long axis of the first water-permeable long round hole 301 is arranged vertically, and the aquaculture tail water enters the stuffing box 3 from the first water-permeable long round hole 301. The cover plate 302 on the top of the stuffing box 3 is detachably connected, and a plurality of second water-permeable long round holes 303 arranged in an array are opened thereon. The long axis of the second water-permeable long round hole 303 is parallel to the wall 1.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, aeration devices 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stuffing box. The tail water is fully aerated by the aeration devices 4 before entering the filter media, which can significantly improve the removal rate of pollutants in the water. The aeration device 4 includes an aeration pipe 401, an air outlet pipe 402, a pump head 403 and an air inlet pipe 404. The pump head 403 is located outside the stuffing box 3, and the air outlet pipe 402 and the air inlet pipe 404 are connected thereto. The end of the air outlet pipe 402 is connected to the aeration pipe 401, and the air inlet pipe draws air from the outside and enters the aeration pipe 401 through the air inlet pipe 403. The aeration pipe 401 is horizontally arranged and has multiple pieces, which can cover each first water seepage long round hole 301 for aerating the inside of the stuffing box 3, that is, the aeration pipe 401 is directly opposite to the first water seepage long round hole 301. For the convenience of setting, the aeration pipe 401 can be fixed on the fixing plate 6. During actual use, the aeration intensity of the aeration device 4 can be set to 0.3 L / min, and the aeration time can be set to 12 h. The aeration intensity and time are controlled through experiments to prevent excessive aeration and energy waste.

[0051] In addition, aquatic plants can also be planted in appropriate positions (such as the first packing layer 801 or the second packing layer 802) of the device of the present invention to cooperate with the packing to remove pollutants in the water.

[0052] Based on the above-mentioned aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable packing, the present invention also provides a tail water treatment method, which is specifically as follows:

[0053] The aquaculture tail water is introduced into the aquaculture tail water treatment filter dam, and the water surface height is below the road surface structure; the air outlet of the aeration pipe 401 of the aeration device 4 is directly opposite to the first water seepage long round hole 301 of the stuffing box 3 to increase the aeration area. At the same time, the aeration intensity of the aeration device 4 is controlled to be 0.3 L / min - 0.6 L / min and the aeration time is 12 h to ensure the oxygen supply in the water body; the tail water is synergistically treated by the packing in the first packing layer 801 and the second packing layer 802, and pollutants including organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, tetracycline and phosphorus are removed through the adsorption and degradation of biomass carbon, microbial nitrification and denitrification. The pollutants are further removed through the adsorption and absorption of aquatic plants, and the oxygen environment conditions inside the packing are improved; by vertically sliding the stuffing box 3 up and down, the packing can be regularly replaced and added.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] In this embodiment, based on the device of the present invention, the following experimental system is made to simulate the actual operation conditions. The brief description is as follows: A box made of plexiglass, with a length of 60 cm, a width of 20 cm, and a height of 20 cm, an effective residence volume of 20 L, and a porous interception plate with a pore diameter of 6 mm is set in the middle. Fillers (such as at least one of straw charcoal, gravel, and ceramsite) are put in, the height of the filler is 18 cm, the water flow velocity is 0.5 L / s, and the aeration intensity is 0.3 L / min. The continuous inflow and outflow method is adopted. The parallel control group of the simulation test runs simultaneously according to the same operating parameters.

[0056] The influent water quality simulates aquaculture wastewater, as Figure 7 shown. It can be seen from the figure that the removal amount of ammonia nitrogen in water by the straw charcoal filler is significantly higher than that of the gravel and ceramsite fillers, and the removal amount of ammonia nitrogen in water also continuously increases with the increase of the passing water volume. This result indicates that biochar can be used as a preferred filler in the filter dam for aquaculture tail water treatment.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] In this embodiment, the aeration intensities of 0.3 L / min and 0.6 L / min are selected to compare the removal rates of tetracycline by biochar, and the removal rates of tetracycline by biochar are monitored at the reaction times of 6, 12, and 24 hours. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen (10 mg / L) and tetracycline (10 mg / L) by different biochars (peanut shell charcoal, rice straw charcoal, sludge charcoal, and food waste charcoal) are compared, as Figure 8 shown.

[0059] From Figure 8 a, it can be seen that when the aeration intensity increases from 0.3 L / min to 0.6 L / min, the removal rates of tetracycline by the four biochars are not significantly different. Therefore, selecting a moderate aeration intensity (for example: 0.3 L / min) in actual engineering applications can ensure the oxygen supply while reducing energy consumption. Figure 8 b shows the removal rates of tetracycline by biochar at different reaction times. It can be seen that the removal rate of tetracycline by biochar can reach more than 80% after 12 hours of aeration. Therefore, it is recommended to select a moderate aeration time, such as 12 hours, which helps to maintain a good removal effect. Figure 8 c and 8d respectively compare the effects of different types of biochars on the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and tetracycline. It can be seen that the sludge charcoal has the best removal effect, which can provide a reference for actual engineering applications.

[0060] In the device of the present invention, a replaceable stuffing box is slidably connected to the fixing frame, and packing is installed in the stuffing box. The designed replaceable stuffing box facilitates maintenance and packing replacement. By horizontally installing an aeration pipe on the dam body, the aeration pipe is aligned with the long water-passing round holes, precisely controlling aeration and increasing the aeration area, thereby significantly improving the microbial film-forming efficiency, enhancing the pollutant degradation ability, and achieving efficient tail water treatment. When the system conducts tail water treatment, through the hydraulic lifting device and the integrated aeration design, the packing can be replaced, which is convenient for maintenance and operation, effectively avoids the problem of packing blockage, improves the treatment performance, and reduces the operation cost. The integrated design not only optimizes the overall energy efficiency but also simplifies the infrastructure requirements, effectively utilizes the limited land resources, and brings significant environmental and economic benefits to the aquaculture industry.

[0061] The embodiments described above are only a preferred solution of the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can still make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all technical solutions obtained by adopting the equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation method fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aeration-assisted replaceable filler filter dam for aquaculture tailwater treatment, comprising a dam bottom (2) and walls (1) on both sides, characterized in that: It also includes a stuffing box (3), an aeration device (4), a fixing frame (5), a fixing plate (6) and a pavement structure; A plurality of fixing frames (5) parallel to the walls (1) are arranged between the walls (1) on both sides, the fixing frames (5) are spaced apart and the bottoms of the fixing frames (5) are fixed on the dam bottom (2), fixing plates (6) are respectively arranged vertically on both sides of the fixing frames (5), and a first grid net (501) and a second grid net (502) parallel to each other are vertically arranged inside the fixing frames (5); the two ends of the first grid net (501) and the second grid net (502) are respectively fixed on the walls (1) on both sides, and the bottoms are fixed on the dam bottom (2), and the first grid net (501) and the second grid net (502) divide the filter dam into three parts: The filter dam is divided into two parts; the two parts located outside the first grid net (501) and the second grid net (502) serve as a first filler layer (801), and the part located between the first grid net (501) and the second grid net (502) serves as a second filler layer (802); a filler box (3) is provided between adjacent fixing frames (5) located in the first filler layer (801), the filler box (3) can slide vertically up and down along the fixing frame (5) and an aeration device (4) is provided on the outside, and the filler box (3) is filled with biochar; and a pavement structure is provided on the top of the second filler layer (802).

2. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are five fixing frames (5), the intervals between adjacent fixing frames (5) are the same, and the fixing frames (5) located on the outermost sides are fixedly connected to the walls (1) on both sides respectively.

3. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the fixing frame (5), the first grid net (501) and the second grid net (502) are located on the same horizontal plane.

4. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided at the bottom of the dam (2) below the stuffing box (3), and a hydraulic lifting device (201) is provided in the groove for providing an upward and downward moving force to the stuffing box (3).

5. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting device (201) comprises a base (202), a hydraulic rod (203) and a lifting platform (204); the base (202) is fixed to the bottom of the groove, the hydraulic rod (203) is vertically fixed to the top of the base (202), and the lifting platform (204) for placing the stuffing box (3) is fixed to the top of the hydraulic rod (203).

6. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 4, characterized in that: A control button (101) for controlling the hydraulic lifting device (201) is installed on the top of the wall (1) on one side, and a rainproof shell (102) is provided outside the control button (101).

7. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pavement structure comprises a cement pavement (701) and a guardrail (702); the cement pavement (701) is supported on the top of the second filler layer (802), and two rows of guardrails (702) are respectively arranged on both sides of the cement pavement (701) along the length direction.

8. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar is one or more of sewage sludge charcoal, rice straw charcoal, peanut shell charcoal and easily degradable garbage charcoal, and the second filler layer (802) is filled with gravel.

9. The aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam with aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side walls of the stuffing box (3) perpendicular to the wall (1) are provided with a plurality of first water seepage oblong holes (301) arranged in an array, the long axes of the first water seepage oblong holes (301) being arranged vertically, and a cover plate (302) on the top of the stuffing box (3) being detachably connected, on which a plurality of second water seepage oblong holes (303) arranged in an array are provided, the long axes of the second water seepage oblong holes (303) being parallel to the wall (1); the aeration device (4) comprises an aeration device; An air pipe (401), an air outlet pipe (402), a pump head (403) and an air inlet pipe (404); the pump head (403) is located outside the stuffing box (3) and is connected to the air outlet pipe (402) and the air inlet pipe (404); the end of the air outlet pipe (402) is connected to the aeration pipe (401); the aeration pipe (401) is horizontally arranged and has a plurality of pipes, and can cover each first water seepage oblong hole (301) for aerating the interior of the stuffing box (3).

10. A method for treating tailwater of an aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam using the aeration-assisted replaceable filler according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The details are as follows: Aquaculture tailwater is introduced into an aquaculture tailwater treatment filter dam, and the water level is below the road surface structure; the air outlet of the aeration pipe (401) of the aeration device (4) is directly opposite to the first water seepage oblong hole (301) of the stuffing box (3), thereby increasing the aeration area. At the same time, the aeration intensity of the aeration device (4) is controlled to be 0.3L / min to 0.6L / min and the aeration time is 12 hours, thereby ensuring the oxygen supply in the water body; the tailwater passes through the synergistic treatment of the stuffing in the first stuffing layer (801) and the second stuffing layer (802), and pollutants including organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, tetracycline and phosphorus are removed through adsorption and degradation with biochar, microbial nitrification and denitrification, and pollutants are further removed through adsorption and absorption by aquatic plants, thereby improving the oxygen environment conditions inside the stuffing; and the stuffing box (3) is slid vertically up and down to achieve regular replacement and addition of stuffing.

Images