Powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high free-running property and power and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high free-running property and power and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosives, the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive comprises the following raw materials by weight: 91-93 parts of an ammonium nitrate mixture; 3-5 parts of an oil phase; and 3-5 parts of wood flour. According to the invention, the paraffin with high melting point is adopted, so that the adhesiveness among particles of the final powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is greatly reduced, and the free-running property is improved. Meanwhile, the most important way is that the combination of a water-in-oil emulsifier and an oil-in-water emulsifier is adopted, so that the oil phase and the water phase are mixed more uniformly, the oil phase is dispersed into the water phase more sufficiently, the oxidant and the reducing agent are contacted more uniformly, the explosion reaction speed is remarkably increased, and the power is higher. The ammonium nitrate and the oil phase are fully mixed, so that the viscosity of the oil phase is greatly reduced, and the free-running property of the explosive is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosives, and more specifically to a powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Although the currently produced second-generation powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosives have greatly improved performance compared to the previous first-generation powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosives, they still cannot fully meet the increasingly high requirements of users for product quality. The main problems are as follows: The fluidity of the explosive is poor, and when charging the blast holes, problems such as blocked holes and poor flow often occur, causing trouble in construction. At the same time, the power of the explosive also needs to be improved.

[0003] In order to improve the charging efficiency and the power of the explosive, reduce trouble, and improve the charging efficiency, it is required that the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive has good fluidity and high power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power and a preparation method thereof. Due to the use of paraffin wax with a high melting point, the adhesion between the particles of the final powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is greatly reduced, improving the fluidity. At the same time, and most importantly, the combination of water-in-oil emulsifiers and oil-in-water emulsifiers is adopted, making the mixing of the oil phase and the water phase more uniform, the dispersion of the oil phase into the water phase more sufficient, and the contact between the oxidant and the reductant more uniform, resulting in a significant increase in the explosion reaction rate and greater power. Because ammonium nitrate is fully mixed with the oil phase, the viscosity of the oil phase is greatly reduced, and the fluidity of the explosive is better.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power, which is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 91 - 93 parts of ammonium nitrate mixture; 3 - 5 parts of oil phase; 3 - 5 parts of wood powder.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical solution, the ammonium nitrate mixture is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 91 - 93 parts of ammonium nitrate; 0.005 - 0.015 parts of water-soluble surfactant.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the water-soluble surfactant is sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical solution, the oil phase is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 72 - 76 parts of paraffin wax No. 58; 18 - 22 parts of composite wax or petrolatum or machine oil; 2 - 4 parts of water-in-oil emulsifier; 2 - 4 parts of oil-in-water emulsifier.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the water-in-oil emulsifier is Span 80.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the oil-in-water emulsifier is Tween 80.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step S1. Prepare an aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and heat it for standby;

[0013] Step S2. Prepare an oil phase and heat it for standby;

[0014] Step S3. Put the aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase into a mixer for mixing;

[0015] Step S4. Put the mixed aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and oil phase into an expansion tank for continuous vacuum expansion;

[0016] Step S5. After the expansion is completed, discharge the material and add wood powder for mixing;

[0017] Step S6. After cooling, package it to obtain the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, step S1 specifically includes:

[0019] Step S101. Add ammonium nitrate to water, and then add a water-soluble surfactant;

[0020] Step S102. Heat to 120 - 130 °C for standby.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, step S2 specifically includes:

[0022] Step S201. Add paraffin wax No. 58 to composite wax or petrolatum or machine oil, and heat to 120 - 130 °C;

[0023] Step S202. Then add a water-in-oil emulsifier and an oil-in-water emulsifier, and stir evenly;

[0024] Step S203. Keep the temperature at 120 - 130 °C for standby.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, in step S3, the aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase are put into a mixer for mixing according to a mass ratio of 100:4.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] The invention adopts paraffin with a high melting point, so that the adhesion between particles of the final powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is greatly reduced, and the dispersibility is improved. At the same time, and most importantly, the combination of oil-in-water emulsifier and water-in-oil emulsifier is adopted, so that the oil phase and the water phase are mixed more evenly, the oil phase is dispersed more fully into the water phase, and the oxidant and the reductant are in more uniform contact, so that the explosion reaction speed is significantly improved and the power is greater. Due to the full mixing of ammonium nitrate and the oil phase, the viscosity of the oil phase is greatly reduced, and the dispersibility of the explosive is better. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, which are explanations of the present invention and are not limited to the following examples. The present invention limits the amount of addition to facilitate the implementation of the present invention, and does not mean that it cannot be implemented outside the scope of the present invention.

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention provides a powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power. The powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 91 to 93 parts of ammonium nitrate mixture; 3 to 5 parts of oil phase; and 3 to 5 parts of wood powder.

[0030] Specifically, the ammonium nitrate mixture is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 91-93 parts of ammonium nitrate; 0.005-0.015 parts of a water-soluble surfactant. The water-soluble surfactant is sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0031] Specifically, the oil phase is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 72-76 parts of No. 58 paraffin; 18-22 parts of composite wax or vaseline or motor oil; 2-4 parts of oil-in-water emulsifier; 2-4 parts of water-in-oil emulsifier. The water-in-oil emulsifier is Span 80. The water-in-oil emulsifier is Tween 80.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step S1. Prepare an aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and heat it for standby use; specifically, step S1 specifically includes: step S101. Add ammonium nitrate to water (6.985-8.995 parts by weight), and then add a water-soluble surfactant; step S102. Heat to 120-130° C. and set aside.

[0034] Step S2. Prepare the oil phase and heat it for standby; specifically, Step S2 specifically includes: Step S201. Add paraffin wax No. 58 to the composite wax or petrolatum or machine oil, and heat it to 120-130 °C; Step S202. Then add the water-in-oil emulsifier and the oil-in-water emulsifier, and stir evenly; Step S203. Keep the temperature at 120-130 °C for standby.

[0035] Step S3. Put the ammonium nitrate mixture containing water and the oil phase into a mixer for mixing; specifically, the ammonium nitrate mixture containing water and the oil phase are put into the mixer for mixing according to a mass ratio of 100:4.

[0036] Step S4. Put the mixed ammonium nitrate mixture containing water and the oil phase into an expansion tank for continuous vacuum expansion;

[0037] Step S5. After the expansion is completed, discharge the material and add wood powder for mixing;

[0038] Step S6. After cooling, package it to obtain the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power.

[0039] The following further illustrates the present invention through several specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] 1. Ratio of the ammonium nitrate mixture containing water:

[0042] Ammonium nitrate: 91.0 parts;

[0043] Sodium methylene bisnaphthalenesulfonate: 0.005 part;

[0044] Water: 8.995 parts.

[0045] 2. Preparation method of the ammonium nitrate mixture containing water: Add 91.0 parts of ammonium nitrate to 8.995 parts of water, then add 0.005 part of sodium methylene bisnaphthalenesulfonate, and heat it to 120 °C for standby.

[0046] 3. Ratio of the oil phase:

[0047] Paraffin wax No. 58: 72.0 parts;

[0048] Petrolatum: 22.0 parts;

[0049] Span 80: 2.0 parts;

[0050] Tween 80: 4.0 parts.

[0051] 4. Preparation method of the oil phase: Add 72.0 parts of paraffin wax No. 58 to 22.0 parts of petrolatum or heat it to 130 °C, then add 2.0 parts of Span 80 and 4.0 parts of Tween 80. Stir evenly and keep the temperature at 120 °C for standby.

[0052] 5. The proportion of powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is as follows:

[0053] Ammonium nitrate mixture: 91 parts;

[0054] Oil phase: 5.0 parts;

[0055] Wood powder: 4.0 parts.

[0056] 6. Powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and its preparation method: Put the water-containing ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase into a mixer, then enter a continuous vacuum expansion tank for expansion, discharging, adding 4 parts of wood powder for mixing, cooling, and packaging to obtain the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] 1. The proportion of the water-containing ammonium nitrate mixture:

[0059] Ammonium nitrate: 93.0 parts;

[0060] Sodium dodecyl sulfate: 0.005 part;

[0061] Water: 6.995 parts.

[0062] 2. Preparation method of the water-containing ammonium nitrate mixture: Add 93.0 parts of ammonium nitrate to 6.995 parts of water, add 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and heat to 130 °C for standby.

[0063] 3. The proportion of the oil phase:

[0064] Paraffin wax No. 58: 76.0 parts;

[0065] Machine oil: 18.0 parts;

[0066] Span 80: 4.0 parts;

[0067] Tween 80: 2.0 parts.

[0068] 4. Preparation method of the oil phase: Add 76.0 parts of paraffin wax No. 58 to 18.0 parts of machine oil and heat to 120 °C, then add 4.0 parts of Span 80 and 2.0 parts of Tween 80. Stir evenly and keep the temperature at 130 °C for standby.

[0069] 5. The proportion of powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is as follows:

[0070] Ammonium nitrate mixture: 93 parts;

[0071] Oil phase: 4.0 parts;

[0072] Wood powder: 3.0 parts.

[0073] 6. Preparation method of powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive: Put the water-containing ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase into a mixer, and then enter the expansion tank for continuous vacuum expansion, discharging, adding 3 parts of wood powder for mixing, cooling, and packaging to obtain the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power.

[0074] The fluidity and power of the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention are compared as follows in the table:

[0075] Flowability (measured by inclined plate method) Power: mL Original powdered expanded explosive 60° 300 Powdered expanded explosive prepared in Example 1 32° 326 Powdered expanded explosive prepared in Example 2 35° 320

[0076] It can be seen from the above data comparison that the fluidity and power of the powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive of the present invention are significantly better than or higher than those of the original expanded explosive.

[0077] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches are also regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power, characterized in that: The powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 91-93 parts of ammonium nitrate mixture; 3-5 parts of oil phase; and 3-5 parts of wood powder.

2. The powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonium nitrate mixture is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 91-93 parts of ammonium nitrate; 0.005-0.015 parts of water-soluble surfactant.

3. The powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The water-soluble surfactant is sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate.

4. The powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The oil phase is composed of the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 72-76 parts of No. 58 paraffin; 18-22 parts of composite wax or vaseline or motor oil; 2-4 parts of water-in-oil emulsifier; and 2-4 parts of oil-in-water emulsifier.

5. The powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The water-in-oil emulsifier is Span 80.

6. The powdery expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The oil-in-water emulsifier is Tween 80.

7. A method for preparing the powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. preparing an aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and heating it for standby use; Step S2. Prepare the oil phase and heat it for later use; Step S3. putting the aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase into a mixer and mixing; Step S4. placing the mixed aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase into a puffing tank for continuous vacuum puffing; Step S5. After the puffing is completed, the material is discharged and mixed with wood powder; Step S6: After cooling, the powdered expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with high fluidity and power is obtained by packaging.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Step S1 specifically includes: Step S101. adding ammonium nitrate to water, and then adding a water-soluble surfactant; Step S102: Heat to 120-130°C and set aside.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Step S2 specifically includes: Step S201. Add No. 58 paraffin wax to compound wax or vaseline or motor oil and heat to 120-130°C; Step S202. Add the water-in-oil emulsifier and the oil-in-water emulsifier and stir evenly; Step S203: The temperature is maintained at 120-130°C for standby use.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the aqueous ammonium nitrate mixture and the oil phase are put into a mixer and mixed at a mass ratio of 100:4.