All-solid-state hydrophobic polyion liquid-based conductive elastomer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ionic conductive polymer materials, and particularly relates to an all-solid-state hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt and lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, stirring at room temperature, washing, extracting and drying to obtain a hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid; (2) mixing the polymerizable ionic liquid with a hydrophobic acrylate monomer, adding a cross-linking agent and an initiator, and uniformly stirring to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution; and (3) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the prepolymer solution, transferring the prepolymer solution to a mold, and initiating a free radical polymerization reaction to carry out crosslinking, thereby preparing the all-solid-state hydrophobic polyion liquid-based conductive elastomer. The polyion liquid-based conductive elastomer prepared by the invention does not contain a leaky solvent, and has excellent hydrophobicity, mechanical strength, toughness, cyclic self-recovery, conductivity and transparency. The preparation method has the advantages of being simple in process, easy to operate, short in production period and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ion-conductive polymer materials, and particularly relates to an all-solid-state hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)-based conductive elastomer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of flexible electronics, wearable intelligent devices, and bioelectronics, flexible conductive materials capable of ion conduction are becoming a research hotspot in the scientific research and industrial communities. Compared with traditional electronic conductors, ion conductors are closer to the signal conduction mechanism of biological tissues and show broad application prospects in fields such as flexible bioelectronic devices, skin electronics, and neural interfaces. Existing gel-based ion conductors have made significant progress in the initial development, but the large amount of solvent (such as water, organic solvents, ionic liquids, etc.) components in their structures pose obvious problems during application. For example, water gel materials will experience water evaporation during long-term use, resulting in material cracking, shrinkage, and a decrease in conductivity; while ionic gels often contain a large amount of ionic liquids, which are prone to leakage when the material is broken or extruded and worn, not only causing functional failure but also potentially bringing safety hazards such as biological toxicity or environmental pollution.

[0003] All-solid-state (or liquid-free) ion-conductive elastomers (ICEs) provide a new idea for the preparation of stable ion conductors. They consist of a cross-linked polymer network and freely movable ions, without solvents, and the immobilization of anions and cations on the polymer backbone solves the problems faced by gel-based ion conductors. Poly(ionic liquid)-based ion-conductive elastomers based on polymerizable ionic liquid monomers are a promising type of all-solid-state ICE. However, currently existing all-solid-state ion-conductive elastomers still generally have multiple performance bottlenecks, such as insufficient mechanical strength, poor toughness, weak elastic recovery ability, and low ionic conductivity. For example, a solvent-free hydrophobic ion-conductive elastomer disclosed in the patent with publication number CN 118388701A (July 26, 2024) still has obvious deficiencies in toughness, cyclic recovery performance, and mechanical strength. In addition, most ionic liquids are hydrophilic, and the formed ion-conductive elastomer network is prone to water absorption and swelling, and there will be serious stability problems in high-humidity, open, or underwater environments. This also further affects the expansion of all-solid-state ion conductors in underwater and other application scenarios. The addition of hydrophobic solvents (publication number CN 115651118 A, January 31, 2023) can improve the stability of the material in water, but still faces the risk of solvent leakage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of ion-conductive elastomer material with excellent comprehensive performance, which can maintain good mechanical strength, flexibility, elasticity, electrical conductivity and environmental stability under solvent-free conditions for a long time. Especially under extreme working conditions such as high humidity or underwater, the material should have good hydrophobicity and anti-hydration ability to ensure the stable operation of functional devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems and provides a preparation method of an all-solid-state hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)-based conductive elastomer and its preparation method.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a preparation method of an all-solid-state hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Mix an unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stir and react at room temperature, then wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain a hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid after drying.

[0009] (2) Take the polymerizable ionic liquid and mix it with a hydrophobic acrylate monomer, add a crosslinking agent and an initiator, and stir evenly to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution.

[0010] (3) Ultrasonically treat the above prepolymer solution and transfer it to a mold, and carry out crosslinking by ultraviolet light irradiation or thermal-initiated radical polymerization reaction to prepare an all-solid-state hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)-based conductive elastomer.

[0011] The hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid monomer has a relatively high glass transition temperature and certain rigidity. To avoid performance deterioration caused by the addition of incompatible reinforcing fillers and conductive fillers, the present invention introduces a flexible, soft and hydrophobic acrylate monomer to copolymerize and modify it to prepare an ion-conductive elastomer material. The electrostatic interaction between the polycation main chain and the free anion is used to construct a cross-linked network inside the elastomer to provide energy dissipation and ion migration pathways, thereby achieving significant synergistic optimization in terms of mechanical strength, toughness, cyclic self-recovery, conductivity, transparency, etc. In addition, the hydrophobic interaction can eliminate the hydration of water molecules underwater. This solvent-free hydrophobic polymer can be used for multifunctional ion sensing and underwater communication, providing a new approach for the development of flexible wearable devices. Preferably, in step (1) of the present invention, the unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt is one or more of acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, allyltrimethylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylacrylamido)-1-ammonium chloride, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride; the molar ratio between the unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide is 1: (1.05 - 1.15).

[0012] Preferably, in step (2) of the present invention, the hydrophobic acrylate monomer is one or more of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate; the molar ratio between the polymerizable ionic liquid and the hydrophobic acrylate monomer is 1: (0.3 - 1.5).

[0013] Preferably, the cross-linking agent in the present invention is one or more of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate; the photoinitiator is one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl ethyl phenylphosphonate, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-bis(p-tolyl)phosphine oxide, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholin-1-propanone; the thermal initiator is one or more of ammonium persulfate, azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride, benzoyl peroxide.

[0014] Preferably, the addition amount of the cross-linking agent in the present invention is 0.4% - 2% of the total molar amount of the polymerizable ionic liquid monomer and the hydrophobic acrylate monomer; the addition amount of the photoinitiator or thermal initiator is 1% - 2% of the total molar amount of the ionic liquid monomer and the acrylate monomer.

[0015] Preferably, in the step (1), stirring is carried out for 12 to 24 h; in the step (2), stirring is carried out for 0.5 to 1 h; in the step (3), the ultrasonic time is 10 to 20 min, the ultraviolet light irradiation power is 30 W, and the irradiation time is 10 to 15 s.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the mold in the present invention is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, PMMA or quartz glass.

[0017] The present invention also provides a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer modified by a hydrophobic acrylate soft monomer prepared by the preparation method described above. It has excellent properties such as hydrophobicity, mechanical strength, toughness, cyclic self-recovery, conductivity, transparency and environmental stability, and can be applied to fields such as underwater human motion monitoring or intelligent robots.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The conductive elastomer material prepared by the present invention introduces electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction, and has excellent properties such as hydrophobicity, mechanical strength, toughness, cyclic self-recovery, conductivity, transparency and environmental stability, which can provide new insights for the development of advanced flexible sensors.

[0020] 2. The conductive elastomer material involved in the present invention is copolymerized from acrylate monomers and polymerizable ionic liquids. It does not add solvents and volatile organic compounds, has low requirements for equipment, and has a simple, efficient, green and environmentally friendly preparation process, avoiding complex solvent replacement and other steps in the preparation process of ordinary ion conductive elastomers.

[0021] 3. The fully solid conductive elastomer material prepared by the present invention avoids problems such as water evaporation during long-term use of traditional hydrogels and ion gels and easy leakage of ionic liquids. The ionic conductive elastomer provided by the present invention does not have problems of solvent evaporation and leakage. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is the ultraviolet-visible light spectrum diagram of the conductive elastomers prepared in Example 3 and the comparative example of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is the water contact angle test diagram of the conductive elastomer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is the thermogravimetric curve diagram of the conductive elastomer prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4This is a graph showing the test results of the mechanical tensile properties of the conductive elastomers prepared in Examples 1-5 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the test results of the tensile cyclic self-recovery performance of the conductive elastomer prepared in Example 7 of the present invention with a fixed strain of 100% at different time intervals.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the test results of the underwater sensing performance of the conductive elastomer prepared in Example 6 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A preparation method of an all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) Mix 1 mol of acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride with 1.05 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stir and react at room temperature for 12 h, then wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt after drying.

[0032] (2) Take 0.025 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid and mix it with 0.0075 mol of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate monomer, add 0.00065 mol of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.00065 mol of 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholin-1-propanone, and then stir evenly for 0.5 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution.

[0033] (3) Ultrasonically treat the above prepolymer solution for 10 min, then transfer it to a mold, and irradiate it with ultraviolet light to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction for 15 s for crosslinking to prepare an all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A preparation method of an all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer includes the following steps:

[0036] (1) Mix 1 mol of methacryloyloxyethyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride with 1.12 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. After stirring and reacting at room temperature for 18 h, wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid methacryloyloxyethyl dimethylbenzyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt after drying.

[0037] (2) Take 0.022 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid and mix it with 0.011 mol of ethyl acrylate monomer. Add 0.00059 mol of tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.00053 mol of ethyl 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phenylphosphinate, and then stir evenly for 0.7 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution.

[0038] (3) Ultrasonically treat the above prepolymer solution for 14 min, then transfer it to a mold, and irradiate it with ultraviolet light to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction for 10 s for crosslinking to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] A method for preparing a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Mix 1 mol of dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride with 1.07 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. After stirring and reacting at room temperature for 22 h, wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid dimethyldiallyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt after drying.

[0042] (2) Take 0.026 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid and mix it with 0.021 mol of butyl acrylate monomer. Add 0.00075 mol of tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.00085 mol of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and then stir evenly for 1 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution.

[0043] (3) Ultrasonically treat the above prepolymer solution for 12 min, then transfer it to a mold, and irradiate it with ultraviolet light to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction for 13 s for crosslinking to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] A method for preparing a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) Mix 1 mol of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride with 1.14 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stir and react at room temperature for 20 h, then wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt after drying;

[0047] (2) Mix 0.02 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid with 0.021 mol of isooctyl acrylate monomer, add 0.00053 mol of polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.00066 mol of ammonium persulfate, and then stir evenly for 0.8 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution;

[0048] (3) Ultrasonically treat the above prepolymer solution for 20 min, then transfer it to a mold, and carry out cross-linking by thermal-initiated free radical polymerization reaction to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] A preparation method of a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) Mix 1 mol of allyltrimethylammonium chloride with 1.06 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stir and react at room temperature for 24 h, then wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid allyltrimethylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt after drying;

[0052] (2) Take 0.017 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid and mix it with 0.019 mol of lauryl methacrylate monomer, add 0.00036 mol of polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.00050 mol of benzoyl peroxide, and then stir evenly for 0.6 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution;

[0053] (3) Transfer the above prepolymer solution to a mold after ultrasonically treating for 16 min, and carry out cross-linking by thermal-initiated free radical polymerization reaction to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] A preparation method of a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0056] (1) Mix 1 mol of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-ammonium chloride with 1.09 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stir and react at room temperature for 16 h, then wash and extract with deionized water, and obtain hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt after drying;

[0057] (2) 0.015 mol of the polymerizable ionic liquid was mixed with 0.02 mol of ethyl acrylate monomer, 0.00025 mol of polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.00042 mol of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-bis(p-tolyl)phosphine oxide were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly for 0.9 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution;

[0058] (3) The above prepolymer solution was ultrasonically treated for 18 min and then transferred to a mold, and radical polymerization reaction was initiated by ultraviolet irradiation for 11 s for crosslinking to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0059] Example 7

[0060] A preparation method of a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0061] (1) 1 mol of (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride was mixed with 1.15 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stirred and reacted at room temperature for 23 h, washed and extracted with deionized water, and dried to obtain a hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt;

[0062] (2) 0.018 mol of the polymerizable ionic liquid was mixed with 0.027 mol of butyl acrylate monomer, 0.00018 mol of polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.00045 mol of phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide were added, and the mixture was stirred evenly for 0.6 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution;

[0063] (3) The above prepolymer solution was ultrasonically treated for 15 min and then transferred to a mold, and radical polymerization reaction was initiated by ultraviolet irradiation for 10 s for crosslinking to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0064] Example 8

[0065] A preparation method of a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0066] (1) 1 mol of methacryloyloxyethyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride was mixed with 1.13 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stirred and reacted at room temperature for 20 h, washed and extracted with deionized water, and dried to obtain a hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid methacryloyloxyethyl dimethylbenzyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt;

[0067] (2) Mix 0.02 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid with 0.021 mol of isooctyl acrylate monomer, add 0.00053 mol of polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.00066 mol of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, and stir evenly for 0.8 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution;

[0068] (3) Ultrasonically treat the above prepolymer solution for 20 min, transfer it to a mold, and irradiate it with ultraviolet light to initiate a free radical polymerization reaction for 15 s for crosslinking to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] A preparation method of a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer, comprising the following steps:

[0071] (1) Mix 1 mol of allyltrimethylammonium chloride with 1.06 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stir and react at room temperature for 24 h, wash and extract with deionized water, and dry to obtain a hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid allyltrimethyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt;

[0072] (2) Take 0.017 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid and mix it with 0.019 mol of lauryl methacrylate monomer, add 0.00036 mol of polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.00050 mol of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, and stir evenly for 1 h to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution;

[0073] (3) Transfer the above prepolymer solution to a mold after ultrasonically treating it for 18 min, and carry out crosslinking by thermal initiation of a free radical polymerization reaction to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0074] Comparative Example

[0075] The difference in the comparative example is that no acrylate monomer is copolymerized, and the preparation method is:

[0076] First, 1 mol of acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride was mixed with 1.07 mol of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. After stirring and reacting at room temperature for 21 h, it was washed, extracted with deionized water, and dried to obtain hydrophobic acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt. 0.025 mol of polymerizable ionic liquid was taken, 0.00065 mol of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.00065 mol of 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholin-1-propanone were added, and after stirring evenly for 0.5 h, a transparent prepolymer solution was obtained. The above prepolymer solution was ultrasonically treated for 10 min and then transferred to a mold, and cross-linked by free radical polymerization reaction under ultraviolet light for 15 s to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

[0077] Test Examples

[0078] 1. Transmittance measurement: The transmittance was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer UV1901 (Shanghai Youke Instrument Co., Ltd., China) in the wavelength range of 400 - 800 nm. The results are shown in Figure 1 .

[0079] From Figure 1 the results, it can be seen that the optical transparency of Example 3 is basically maintained compared with the comparative example.

[0080] 2. Hydrophobicity measurement: It was measured using a Chengde Dingsheng JY-82C video contact angle measuring instrument. The results are shown in Figure 2 .

[0081] From Figure 2 the results, it can be seen that the hydrophobicity of Example 1 is relatively high.

[0082] 3. Thermal stability measurement: It was measured using a HITACHI STA200 (Japan). The results are shown in Figure 3 .

[0083] From Figure 3 the results, it can be seen that the thermal stability performance of Example 2 is relatively good.

[0084] 4. Tensile property measurement: The tensile properties of samples cut into dumbbell shapes (18 mm × 4 mm) were measured using an electronic universal material testing machine Instron 2360 (Instron Corporation, USA). Each specimen was tested at least 3 times. The toughness was calculated based on the area enclosed by the stress-strain curve and the X-axis. The results are shown in Figure 4 .

[0085] From Figure 4 the results, it can be seen that the ionic conductive elastomer has excellent tensile strength and toughness.

[0086] 5. Self-recovery performance measurement: Use an electronic universal material testing machine Instron 2360 (Instron Corporation, USA) to conduct cyclic tensile performance tests on samples cut into dumbbell shapes (18 mm × 4 mm) at appropriate intervals. The results are shown in Figure 5 .

[0087] From Figure 5 the results, it can be seen that Example 7 has excellent cyclic self-recovery performance. The strain of the sample has been completely recovered within 40 seconds and maintains a high tensile strength.

[0088] 6. Underwater sensing performance measurement: Attach the sample to the skin of a volunteer and connect it to the electrodes at both ends of a digital graphic sampling multimeter (2450 SourceMeter) through alligator clips, and place it in a glass water tank. Record the change in the resistance signal of the conductive elastomer during the stretching and relaxation processes in real time. The results are shown in Figure 6 .

[0089] In summary, the soft monomer-modified polyionic liquid-based hydrophobic conductive elastomer provided by the present invention has excellent properties such as transparency, environmental stability, mechanical strength, toughness, and conductivity, and has broad application prospects in the field of flexible electronics and other fields.

[0090] The above description is a detailed description of the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made under the technical spirit disclosed by the present invention shall fall within the scope of the patent covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) mixing an unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, stirring the mixture for reaction at room temperature, washing and extracting the mixture with deionized water, and drying the mixture to obtain a hydrophobic polymerizable ionic liquid; (2) Mixing a polymerizable ionic liquid with a hydrophobic acrylic ester monomer, adding a crosslinking agent and an initiator, and stirring the mixture to obtain a transparent prepolymer solution; (3) The prepolymer solution is transferred to a mold by ultrasonic treatment, and is cross-linked by ultraviolet light irradiation or thermally induced free radical polymerization to prepare a fully solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer.

2. The all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and its preparation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt is one or more of acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, allyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propyl ammonium chloride, and (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride; the molar ratio of the unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt to lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonyl imide is 1: (1.05-1.15).

3. The all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophobic acrylic acid ester monomer is one or more of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, and lauryl methacrylate; the molar ratio of the polymerizable ionic liquid to the hydrophobic acrylic acid ester monomer is 1: (0.3-1.5).

4. The all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent is one or more of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate; the photoinitiator is one or more of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphenylphosphonic acid ethyl ester, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-di(p-tolyl)phosphine oxide, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholine-1-propanone; and the thermal initiator is one or more of ammonium persulfate, azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride, and dibenzoyl peroxide.

5. The all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The added amount of the crosslinking agent is 0.4% to 2% of the total molar amount of the polymerizable ionic liquid monomer and the hydrophobic acrylate monomer; the added amount of the photoinitiator or thermal initiator is 1% to 2% of the total molar amount of the ionic liquid monomer and the acrylate monomer.

6. The all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), stirring is performed for 12 to 24 hours; in the step (2), stirring is performed for 0.5 to 1 hour; in the step (3), the ultrasonic time is 10 to 20 minutes, the ultraviolet light irradiation power is 30 W, and the irradiation time is 10 to 15 seconds.

7. The all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the mold is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, PMMA or quartz glass.

8. An all-solid hydrophobic polyionic liquid-based conductive elastomer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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