Cashmere and wool fiber carding and separating device

Abstract

The invention relates to a cashmere and wool fiber carding and separating device which comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a carding mechanism 2, a separating mechanism 3 and a discharging mechanism 4, and the feeding mechanism 1 is used for feeding fibers into the carding mechanism 2; the carding mechanism 2 is used for carding fibers and comprises a roller body 21, and carding thorns 28 are arranged on the surface of the roller body 21. Carded cashmere and wool are separated by arranging the separating mechanism, according to the length and fineness difference of the cashmere and the wool, the pressing beam is arranged to press carded fibers, the separating licker-in pulls out the cashmere which is not pressed or is pressed to a low degree through rotation, and due to the fact that the wool is long and thick, the cashmere and the wool are separated from each other. The cashmere is not easy to pull out due to large resistance in a fiber bundle, so that the cashmere which is not pressed and only pressed by a small section between the pressing beams can be pulled out and enters the surface of the separation licker-in, and after the roller body rotates by a certain angle, the separation mechanism repeatedly acts to separate the cashmere on the surface of the roller body in a segmented manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cashmere and wool processing, and particularly relates to a device for carding and separating cashmere and wool fibers. Background Art

[0002] Cashmere comes from goats and is the fine fluff at the root of the wool. For goats, there are generally two ways to collect cashmere. One is to directly card the live goats with a special iron comb, and the cashmere will be scraped off by the iron comb. This way of taking cashmere has low efficiency, not all cashmere will break and fall off, and it will be mixed with a large amount of wool. Moreover, during the carding process, the iron comb is close to the skin, and the goats are prone to discomfort. The other way is to remove the whole wool and then card and screen it.

[0003] Among them, the way of carding and screening is more suitable for industrial application. Carding requires a carding machine to card the cashmere smoothly. The carding machine has a feeding licker-in, a cylinder, and a doffer. The high-speed rotation of the cylinder enables the fibers to be fully opened and carded, thereby improving the parallelism and straightness of the fibers. After carding, separation is carried out by means of rotary centrifugation or vibration screening. However, since both wool and cashmere are strip-shaped and cannot be guaranteed to be completely straight, there is still a small amount of winding between them. Even if there are differences in length and fineness, this separation method will cause a large amount of cashmere to be mixed in the wool and cannot be separated, resulting in a low cashmere yield. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for carding and separating cashmere and wool fibers in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for carding and separating cashmere and wool fibers, comprising

[0007] A feeding mechanism for feeding fibers into a carding mechanism;

[0008] A carding mechanism for carding fibers, including a roller body with carding thorns on its surface;

[0009] A separation mechanism for separating cashmere from the carded fibers according to the length difference on the surface of the roller body, including a housing arranged in a lifting manner, and a separation licker-in is arranged in the housing. Among them, a pair of pressing beams parallel to the axial direction of the roller body are arranged on the lower surface of the housing, which are used to press the fibers on the surface of the roller body. The distance between the pressing beams is less than the length of the wool, so as to press the wool and prevent it from being collected by the separation licker-in;

[0010] A blanking mechanism for peeling off the remaining wool on the roller body.

[0011] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the housing is arranged on the surface of the roller in a lifting manner along the radial direction of the roller through a lifting driving part. The lifting driving part can adopt direct driving by a cylinder for lifting, and it only needs to lift along the radial direction of the roller, so that a plurality of separating mechanisms can be distributed on the roller.

[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the separating carding roller is driven to rotate by a second motor, and a negative pressure is generated at the other end of the separating carding roller through a negative pressure device. Negative pressure holes are arranged on the surface of the separating carding roller for adsorbing cashmere. The negative pressure device forms a negative pressure inside the separating carding roller, so that the separating carding roller can increase the separating ability for fine cashmere.

[0013] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the separating carding roller has an axial movement space and is driven by a reciprocating movement driving part to reciprocate axially. By making the separating carding roller reciprocate axially in this solution, the thorns on the surface of the separating carding roller can contact more cashmere, so as to stir up the cashmere and facilitate collection.

[0014] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, an airbag is arranged inside the roller, and the carding thorns are arranged on the surface of the airbag and penetrate through the roller and extend to the outside. Among them, a limiting part is arranged at the root of the carding thorns, and a limiting hole with a narrow outer part and a wide inner part is opened on the surface of the roller. The limiting part is pressed into the limiting hole by the airbag to fix the carding thorns. A strip-shaped pressing part is also arranged on the surface of the airbag. Pressing plates are arranged at the lower parts of both ends of the housing, which are used to press down the pressing part so that the airbag drives the carding thorns to retract. Due to the reciprocating movement of the separating carding roller, there may be interference between the thorns on the surface of the separating carding roller and the carding thorns on the surface of the roller. To solve this problem, in this solution, the carding thorns are arranged on the surface of the airbag, and the airbag presses the limiting part into the limiting hole to fix the carding thorns. When the airbag is squeezed, the limiting part leaves the limiting hole, so that the carding thorns have a certain shaking space, and even if the thorns of the separating carding roller contact the carding thorns, it will not cause any influence.

[0015] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the roller is driven by a first motor. Among them, the outer circumferences of both ends of the roller are respectively supported and meshed by a plurality of driving wheels, and the driving wheels are driven to rotate by the first motor. Due to the setting of the airbag, the roller cannot be directly driven from the shaft part. In this solution, a plurality of driving wheels are arranged to play a role in supporting the roller. Among them, the driving wheels are divided into two sections, one section is used to support and mesh with the roller, and the other section is used to prevent the axial movement of the roller.

[0016] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a first chopping knife assembly that reciprocates with the separating carding roller is further provided inside the housing for stripping the cashmere on the surface of the separating carding roller. The first chopping knife assembly is rotationally connected to both ends of the separating carding roller through a connecting arm and a bearing. The first chopping knife assembly is supported by the housing and is slidably connected to the housing. A cashmere discharge port for collecting cashmere is further provided inside the housing. The chopping knife assembly is a prior art, and its function is to strip the cashmere on the surface of the separating carding roller.

[0017] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes a doffer and a second chopping knife assembly. The doffer is a prior structure in a carding machine. In a carding machine, there are structures such as a cylinder, a doffer, and a chopping knife. The cylinder is used to comb fibers, the doffer receives and condenses the fibers combed by the cylinder, and the chopping knife is used to strip the fibers on the doffer. In this solution, a special roller is used to replace the cylinder in the prior art. Since the remaining wool on the surface of the roller is received by the doffer and stripped by the second chopping knife assembly.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The present invention separates the carded cashmere and wool through a separating mechanism. Among them, according to the differences in the length and fineness of the cashmere and wool, a pressing beam is set to press the carded fibers. The separating carding roller rotates to pull out the cashmere that is not pressed or is pressed to a lesser degree. Since the wool is longer and thicker, the resistance it receives in the fiber bundle is greater and it is not easily pulled out. Thus, the cashmere that is not pressed or is only pressed for a short section between the pressing beams can be pulled out and enter the surface of the separating carding roller. After the roller rotates a certain angle, the separating mechanism repeats the action to segmentally separate the cashmere on the surface of the roller. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the front view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the schematic side sectional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the Figure 1 enlarged view of part A structure in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the Figure 1 enlarged view of the separating mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the Figure 2 enlarged view of part B structure in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the Figure 2 enlarged view of part C structure in the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1. Feeding mechanism; 2. Carding mechanism; 21. Roller body; 22. Driving wheel; 23. First motor; 24. Airbag; 25. Extrusion part; 26. Limiting part; 27. Limiting hole; 28. Carding thorn; 3. Separating mechanism; 31. Housing; 32. Separating thorn roller; 33. Pressing plate; 34. Pressing beam; 35. Second motor; 36. Bearing; 37. Negative pressure device; 38. Reciprocating motion driving part; 39. First chopper assembly; 310. Connecting arm; 311. Cashmere discharge port; 312. Lifting driving part; 4. Feeding mechanism; 41. Doffer; 42. Second chopper assembly. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation modes are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figures 1-6 shown, a cashmere and wool fiber carding and separating device includes a feeding mechanism 1, a carding mechanism 2, a separating mechanism 3, and a feeding mechanism 4. The feeding mechanism 1 is used to feed fibers into the carding mechanism 2; the carding mechanism 2 is used to card fibers and includes a roller body 21, and the surface of the roller body 21 is provided with carding thorns 28.

[0030] The separating mechanism 3 is used to separate cashmere from the carded fibers on the surface of the roller body 21 according to the length difference, and includes a housing 31 arranged vertically, and a separating thorn roller 32 is arranged in the housing 31. Among them, a pair of pressing beams 34 parallel to the axial direction of the roller body 21 are arranged on the lower surface of the housing 31, which are used to press the fibers on the surface of the roller body 21, and the distance between the pressing beams 34 is less than the length of the wool, so as to press the wool so that it is not collected by the separating thorn roller 32; the feeding mechanism 4 is used to strip the remaining wool on the roller body 21.

[0031] In this solution, a separating mechanism 3 is provided to separate the carded cashmere and wool. Among them, according to the length and fineness differences of the cashmere and wool, a pressure beam 34 is set to press the carded fibers. The length of the pressure beam 34 is less than that of the wool and greater than that of the cashmere. Among them, the length of the wool is generally between 55 mm and 90 mm, and the length of the cashmere is between 30 mm and 45 mm. Preferably, the spacing of the pressure beam 34 can be set to 50 mm. The pressure beam 34 presses the straightened fibers. The separating card roller 32 rotates to pull out the cashmere that is not pressed or is pressed to a lower degree. Among them, the fineness of the cashmere is lower than that of the wool. Even if it is pressed together by the pressure beam, it is easy to be pulled out. The average length of the wool is about 60 - 70 mm. When it is pressed by the pressure beam 34, there is still a section in contact with other fibers, and the resistance f is relatively large and it is not easy to be pulled out. Thus, the cashmere between the pressure beams 34 and a small section pressed by the pressure beam 34 can be pulled out and enter the surface of the separating card roller 32. After the roller body 21 rotates a certain angle, the separating mechanism 3 repeats the action to separate the cashmere on the surface of the roller body 21.

[0032] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the housing 31 is arranged on the surface of the roller body 21 to move up and down along the radial direction of the roller body 21 through the lifting drive part 312. The lifting drive part 312 can use a direct-drive cylinder for lifting, and it only needs to move up and down along the radial direction of the roller body 21. In this way, a plurality of separating mechanisms 3 can be distributed on the roller body 21 to perform separation simultaneously, which can increase the separation efficiency.

[0033] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the separating card roller 32 is driven to rotate by the second motor 35, and the other end of the separating card roller 32 generates negative pressure through the negative pressure device 37. The surface of the separating card roller 32 is provided with negative pressure holes for adsorbing cashmere. The negative pressure device 37 forms negative pressure inside the separating card roller 32, so that the separating card roller 32 can increase the separation ability for fine cashmere.

[0034] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the separating card roller 32 has an axial movement space, and the separating card roller 32 is driven to reciprocate axially by the reciprocating movement drive part 38. In this solution, by making the separating card roller 32 reciprocate axially, the thorns on the surface of the separating card roller 32 can contact more cashmere, so as to stir up the cashmere and facilitate collection.

[0035] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, an airbag 24 is arranged inside the roller body 21, and the carding thorns 28 are arranged on the surface of the airbag 24 and penetrate through the roller body 21 and extend to the outside. Among them, a limiting part 26 is arranged at the root of the carding thorns 28, and a limiting hole 27 with a narrow outer part and a wide inner part is formed on the surface of the roller body 21. The limiting part 26 is pressed into the limiting hole 27 by the airbag 24 to fix the carding thorns 28. A strip-shaped pressing part 25 is also arranged on the surface of the airbag 24. Pressing plates 33 are arranged at the lower parts of both ends of the housing 31, which are used to press down the pressing part 25 so that the airbag 24 drives the carding thorns 28 to retract. Due to the reciprocating movement of the separating roller 32, there may be interference between the thorns on the surface of the separating roller 32 and the carding thorns 28 on the surface of the roller body 21. To solve this problem, in this solution, the carding thorns 28 are arranged on the surface of the airbag 24, and the airbag 24 presses the limiting part 26 into the limiting hole 27 to fix the carding thorns 28. When the airbag 24 is pressed by the pressing part 25, the limiting part 26 leaves the limiting hole 27, and then the carding thorns 28 have a certain shaking space, so that even if the thorns of the separating roller 32 contact the carding thorns 28, it will not cause any influence.

[0036] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the roller body 21 is driven by a first motor 23. Among them, the outer peripheries of both ends of the roller body 21 are respectively supported and meshed by a plurality of driving wheels 22, and the driving wheels 22 are driven to rotate by the first motor 23. Due to the arrangement of the airbag 24, the roller body 21 cannot be directly driven from the shaft part. In this solution, a plurality of driving wheels 22 are arranged to play a role in supporting the roller body 21. Among them, the driving wheels 22 are divided into two sections. One section is used to support and mesh with the roller body 21, and the other section is used to prevent the roller body 21 from axially moving.

[0037] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a first chopper assembly 39 that reciprocates with the separating roller 32 is also arranged inside the housing 31, which is used to strip the cashmere on the surface of the separating roller 32. The first chopper assembly 39 is rotatably connected to both ends of the separating roller 32 through a connecting arm 310 and a bearing 36. The first chopper assembly 39 is supported by the housing 31 and is slidably connected to the housing 31. A cashmere discharge port 311 for collecting cashmere is also arranged inside the housing 31. As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the feeding mechanism 4 includes a doffer 41 and a second chopper assembly 42. The chopper assembly is a prior art, and its function is to strip the cashmere on the surface of the separating roller 32. The doffer is a conventional structure in the carding machine. In the carding machine, there are structures such as a cylinder, a doffer, and a chopper. The cylinder is used to card the fibers, the doffer receives and condenses the fibers carded by the cylinder, and the chopper is used to strip the fibers on the doffer. In this solution, a special roller body 21 is used to replace the cylinder in the prior art. Since the remaining wool on the surface of the roller body 21 is received by the doffer 41 and stripped by the second chopper assembly 42.

[0038] The specific implementation method is as follows: Put the cashmere and wool fibers into the feeding mechanism 1. The combing mechanism 2 rotates to pull the fibers in the feeding mechanism 1. Due to the rotational speed difference, the fibers are distributed on the surface of the roller body 21 and are continuously combed and smoothed to form fiber bundles. After combing, the roller body 21 stops rotating, and the separating mechanism 3 moves downward. The pressing plate 33 presses the airbag 24 downward through the strip-shaped pressing part 25, making the combing thorns 28 loose, which does not affect the movement of the separating spiked roller 32. The pressing beam 34 presses the fibers, and the separating spiked roller 32 rotates to twist and pull the fibers between the pressing beams 34. Cashmere is separated according to the differences in length and fineness. The cashmere is peeled off and collected by the first chopping knife assembly 39. Then the separating mechanism 3 rises. After the roller body 21 rotates by a certain angle, the above-mentioned separating action is repeated. Multiple separating mechanisms 3 can be set to operate together to improve efficiency. Since the fibers on the surface of the roller body 21 are no longer smooth due to the agitation of the separating spiked roller, after multi-stage separation by the separating mechanism 3, the roller body 21 can be briefly rotated for combing, and then separated after being combed and smoothed. An angle sensor can be set to record the position of each separation of the roller body 21, so as to facilitate the continuous separation of different positions after combing.

[0039] The above embodiments only represent several implementation modes of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device, characterized in that: include A feeding mechanism (1) for feeding fibers into a carding mechanism (2); A combing mechanism (2) for combing fibers, comprising a roller body (21), wherein the surface of the roller body (21) has combing thorns (28); A separation mechanism (3) is used to separate cashmere from combed fibers according to length differences on the surface of a roller body (21), comprising a housing (31) that is lifted and lowered, a separation licker-in roller (32) being arranged in the housing (31), wherein a pair of pressure beams (34) parallel to the axis of the roller body (21) are arranged on the lower surface of the housing (31), the spacing between the pressure beams (34) being smaller than the length of the wool, so as to press the wool so that it is not collected by the separation licker-in roller (32); The unloading mechanism (4) is used to peel off the remaining wool from the roller body (21).

2. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (31) is lifted and lowered along the radial direction of the roller body (21) by a lifting drive unit (312) and is arranged on the surface of the roller body (21).

3. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation licker-in roller (32) is driven to rotate by a second motor (35), and the other end of the separation licker-in roller (32) generates negative pressure through a negative pressure device (37). Negative pressure holes are provided on the surface of the separation licker-in roller (32) for absorbing cashmere.

4. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separating licker-in roller (32) has an axial movement space, and is driven by a reciprocating motion driving part (38) to reciprocate along the axial direction.

5. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An airbag (24) is arranged inside the roller body (21), and a combing thorn (28) is arranged on the surface of the airbag (24) and penetrates through the roller body (21) to extend to the outside, wherein a limiting portion (26) is arranged at the root of the combing thorn (28), and a limiting hole (27) which is narrow outside and wide inside is opened on the surface of the roller body (21), and the limiting portion (26) is pressed into the limiting hole (27) by the airbag (24) to fix the combing thorn (28), and a strip-shaped pressing portion (25) is also arranged on the surface of the airbag (24), and a pressing plate (33) is arranged at the lower part of both ends of the shell (31), which is used to press the pressing portion (25) downward so that the airbag (24) drives the combing thorn (28) to retract.

6. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The roller body (21) is driven by a first motor (23), wherein the outer peripheries of both ends of the roller body (21) are respectively supported and driven by a plurality of driving wheels (22), and the driving wheels (22) are driven to rotate by the first motor (23).

7. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell (31) is also provided with a first chopping knife assembly (39) which reciprocates with the separation licker-in roller (32) and is used for peeling cashmere off the surface of the separation licker-in roller (32). The first chopping knife assembly (39) is rotatably connected to both ends of the separation licker-in roller (32) via a connecting arm (310) and a bearing (36). The first chopping knife assembly (39) is supported by the shell (31) and is slidably connected to the shell (31). A cashmere discharge port (311) for collecting cashmere is also provided in the shell (31).

8. The cashmere and wool fiber combing and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material unloading mechanism (4) comprises a doffer (41) and a second chopping knife assembly (42).

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