Optimization method for water flow state of downstream water outlet of ship lock water delivery system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ship lock design, in particular to a ship lock water delivery system downstream water outlet water flow state optimization method, and the optimization method is characterized in that a water outlet model is constructed, so that an engineer can conveniently carry out hydraulic characteristic test to adjust the water outlet water flow state of the water outlet model; the baffle sill is arranged in the grating energy dissipation chamber, and the water outlet grating is arranged at the water outlet, so that the speed of water discharged from the grating energy dissipation chamber can be reduced, and the water surface heap height and the water level fluctuation are controlled within a proper range; the optimal arrangement scheme is obtained by adjusting the arrangement form of the baffle sill and the water outlet grating of the water outlet model, the arrangement scheme is converted in equal proportion and then arranged at the downstream water outlet of the ship lock water delivery system, and the arrangement scheme of the downstream water outlet of the ship lock water delivery system can be rapidly obtained. The downstream water outlet of the ship lock water delivery system is more reasonable in design, it is guaranteed that ships in the lock chamber are stably berthed, and the ships are prevented from violently shaking when the lock chamber is filled with water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lock design, and particularly relates to an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock water conveyance system. Background Art

[0002] A lock is a box-shaped hydraulic structure used to ensure the smooth passage of ships through a concentrated water level drop on a waterway; a lock consists of upstream and downstream approach channels and upstream and downstream lock chambers; the lock chamber is a box-shaped chamber for berthing ships, and the water level in the chamber is adjusted by filling or draining water in the chamber, so that the ship makes a vertical lift between the upstream and downstream water levels, thereby passing through the concentrated water level drop on the waterway.

[0003] When a ship sails from downstream to upstream, the water level in the lock chamber drops to the same level as the downstream water level, then the gate of the downstream lock head is opened, the ship enters the lock chamber, the gate is closed, and water is filled. After the water level rises to the same level as the upstream water level, the gate of the upstream lock head is opened, and the ship can leave the lock and sail upstream through the upstream approach channel; when the ship sails from upstream to downstream, the lock operation procedure is the opposite.

[0004] However, currently, the water flow pattern near the outlet at the bottom of the lock chamber is greatly affected by the drain outlet. When filling the lock chamber with water, the flow of the water at the outlet will cause the water surface to rise and the water level to fluctuate, which easily causes the ship in the lock chamber to shake, and in severe cases, will cause the ship to capsize. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency that the flow of the water at the outlet in the prior art causes the water surface to rise and the water level to fluctuate, and to provide an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock water conveyance system.

[0006] The present invention provides an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock water conveyance system, including the following steps: S1: Construct a model: Construct an outlet model of the lock downstream with a grid energy dissipation chamber; By constructing the outlet model, it is convenient for engineering personnel to optimize and adjust the downstream outlet of the lock water conveyance system. By simulating the process of filling water into the lock chamber through the outlet model, the operators can accurately master the actual water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of the lock water conveyance system; S2: Set a stilling basin: Set at least two stilling basins in the grid energy dissipation chamber; The flow velocity of the water entering the grid energy dissipation chamber is slowed down by the stilling basins, thereby avoiding the rise of the water surface and the fluctuation of the water level at the outlet of the grid energy dissipation chamber; S3: Adjust the stilling basins and the outlet grid: Adjust the height of the stilling basins, the position of the stilling basins, the opening size of the outlet grid, and the adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grid; The outlet grille can further prevent the water surface from rising and the water level from fluctuating. By adjusting the height and installation position of the stilling basin, and by adjusting the opening size and adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille, the flow velocity of the water discharged from the grille energy dissipation chamber can meet the requirements, so that the phenomenon of water surface rising and water level fluctuation near the downstream outlet is within a controllable range; S4: Verify the hydraulic characteristics of the model: Verify the hydraulic characteristics of the outlet model and obtain the hydraulic characteristic data of the model; By verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the outlet model, the flow pattern of the water in the outlet model can be more intuitively displayed through the hydraulic characteristic data.

[0007] S5: Obtain the optimal adjustment values: Repeat steps S3 - S4 until the hydraulic characteristic data of the model meets the requirements, and obtain the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille; By comparing the obtained hydraulic characteristic data with the required hydraulic characteristic data, determine the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille; S6: Verify the actual flow pattern of the water at the outlet: Based on the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille, verify the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system.

[0008] Convert the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille into: the actual optimal stilling basin height, the actual optimal stilling basin position, the actual optimal outlet grille opening size, and the actual optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille; Set the outlet grille and the stilling basin with the actual values to verify whether the adjustment of the outlet grille and the stilling basin at the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system meets the expectations.

[0009] An optimization method for the flow pattern of the downstream water outlet of a ship lock water conveyance system. The water outlet model is constructed in proportion to the water outlet of the ship lock, enabling the water outlet model to simulate the operation mode of the actual ship lock water outlet, so that the obtained model hydraulic characteristic data can substantially reflect the actual water flow pattern of the ship lock water outlet. By setting a stilling basin in the grid energy dissipation chamber, after the water flow enters the grid energy dissipation chamber, it will impact the stilling basin, causing the water flow to decelerate in the grid energy dissipation chamber. By setting multiple stilling basins, the energy dissipation and deceleration effects of the grid energy dissipation chamber on the water flow are strengthened. The water outlet grid plate can divert the water flow discharged from the grid energy dissipation chamber, thus avoiding the generation of water surface elevation and water level fluctuation phenomena at the water outlet. The operator adjusts the height of the stilling basin, the position of the stilling basin, the opening size of the water outlet grid, and the adjacent opening spacing of the water outlet grid, so that the model hydraulic characteristic data of the water outlet finally meet the requirements, thereby obtaining the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal water outlet grid opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the water outlet grid for the water outlet model. Through conversion, finally, the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal water outlet grid opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the water outlet grid for the water outlet model are converted into the actual optimal stilling basin height, the actual optimal stilling basin position, the actual optimal water outlet grid opening size, and the actual optimal adjacent opening spacing of the water outlet grid, and the obtained actual values are applied to the downstream water outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system. By verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the downstream water outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system, it is determined that the optimization scheme for the water outlet meets the expectations. Through an optimization method for the flow pattern of the downstream water outlet of a ship lock water conveyance system of the present invention, the water flow pattern of the downstream water outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system can be quickly adjusted to the expected state, and the water surface elevation and water level fluctuation phenomena at the downstream water outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system are within a controllable range.

[0010] After the water flow enters the grid energy dissipation chamber, when flowing in the grid energy dissipation chamber, it will impact the stilling basin. The water flow hitting the stilling basin changes direction to form a reversing water flow. By the reversing water flow impacting the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, the water flow in the grid energy dissipation chamber is energy-dissipated and decelerated, thereby reducing the water flow velocity discharged from the water outlet.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, the water outlet model is provided with four horizontal branch corridors, and each horizontal branch corridor is respectively connected to the grid energy dissipation chamber.

[0012] The four horizontal branch corridors are all connected to the main corridor. The four branch corridors are respectively connected with grid energy dissipation chambers to form water outlets, so that the grid energy dissipation chambers are distributed, and the drainage outlets of adjacent grid energy dissipation chambers have intervals. The four horizontal branch corridors divert the water flow of the main water outlet corridor, slowing down the flow velocity and flow rate of the water flow, thereby reducing the energy dissipation and deceleration pressure of the grid energy dissipation chambers, widening the adjustment range of the stilling basin and the water outlet grid, and facilitating the adjustment of the height and position of the stilling basin and the opening size and adjacent opening spacing of the water outlet grid. In some embodiments, two branch pipelines are further provided at the ends of the horizontal branch corridors. The grid energy dissipation chambers are communicated with the horizontal branch corridors through the branch pipelines, and the water flow is further diverted through the branch pipelines.

[0013] Preferably, in S1, a drainage outlet is provided at the top of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and the water outlet grid covers the drainage outlet; a water inlet is provided on the side wall of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and the water inlet is communicated with the horizontal branch corridor.

[0014] The drainage outlet of the grid energy dissipation chamber is located at the top of the grid energy dissipation chamber, so that the grid energy dissipation chamber forms top drainage. A water inlet is opened on the side wall of the grid energy dissipation chamber. After the water flow enters the grid energy dissipation chamber from the water inlet, it hits the energy dissipation weir or the side wall of the grid energy dissipation chamber, so that the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber is energy-dissipated and decelerated, thereby reducing the water flow speed at the water outlet of the grid energy dissipation chamber.

[0015] Preferably, in S2, the stilling basin is a plate-shaped structural member, the bottom of the stilling basin is connected to the bottom of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and both ends of the stilling basin respectively abut against the side walls of the grid energy dissipation chamber.

[0016] The stilling basin is a plate-shaped structural member arranged perpendicular to the direction of the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber. The water flow is blocked by the plate-shaped structural member, and the plate-shaped structural member has a larger blocking area, which can better decelerate the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, thereby slowing down the water flow speed at the water outlet of the grid energy dissipation chamber.

[0017] Preferably, in S2, along the direction of the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, a plurality of the stilling basins are arranged at intervals.

[0018] By arranging a plurality of stilling basins, the energy dissipation and deceleration effects on the water flow are improved. There are intervals between adjacent stilling basins. The stilling basins at different horizontal positions in the grid energy dissipation chamber can block the water flow at different horizontal positions, thereby improving the energy dissipation and deceleration effects on the water flow; enough space is reserved between adjacent stilling basins for the water flow to flow, ensuring the energy dissipation and deceleration effects of the stilling basins on the water flow.

[0019] Preferably, in S2, along the direction of the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, the heights of the stilling basins increase in sequence.

[0020] The stilling basins at different heights can dissipate energy and decelerate the water flows at different height positions entering the grid energy dissipation chamber; after the water flow enters the grid energy dissipation chamber, the water flow at the bottom is first blocked by the stilling basin with a lower height, and a part of the reflected water flow flows along with the water flow entering the upper layer of the grid energy dissipation chamber. The water flow flowing at a higher position in the grid energy dissipation chamber is blocked by the stilling basin with a higher height, which improves the energy dissipation and deceleration efficiency of the grid energy dissipation chamber for the water flow, enabling the water flow in the grid energy dissipation chamber to be quickly dissipated and decelerated.

[0021] Preferably, in S1, the outlet grid is a rectangular plate body, and a plurality of strip-shaped openings are arranged in an array on the outlet grid, and the strip-shaped openings penetrate through the outlet grid.

[0022] The outlet grid is a rectangular plate body adapted to the top drain outlet of the grid energy dissipation chamber. A plurality of strip-shaped openings are arranged in an array on the plate surface of the rectangular plate body. By adjusting the size of the strip-shaped openings and the distance between adjacent strip-shaped openings, the water flow discharged from the grid energy dissipation chamber can meet the requirements; the water flow discharged from the grid energy dissipation chamber is shunted through a plurality of strip-shaped openings, so that the water surface elevation and water level fluctuation phenomena at the downstream outlet are within a controllable range.

[0023] Preferably, in S4, the model hydraulic characteristic data includes the water flow velocity.

[0024] The water flow velocity can intuitively reflect the liquid surface stability of the outlet of the outlet model of the outlet, providing strong data support and making it more convenient to adjust the stilling basin and the outlet grid; in some embodiments, the hydraulic characteristic data further includes pressure data; when measuring the water flow velocity, by selecting multiple measurement points to measure the water flow velocity, the water flow pattern of the outlet of the outlet model can be more comprehensively reflected.

[0025] Preferably, the method for verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the grid energy dissipation chamber model is: select five measurement points at the outlet of the outlet model, and the five measurement points are equally divided and arranged on the same cross-section of the outlet, and monitor the velocity changes of the five measurement points respectively, and draw a "velocity-time" chart of the five measurement points.

[0026] By selecting five points on the cross-section of the outlet for velocity monitoring, the change of the water flow pattern at the outlet can be more intuitively displayed. The five measurement points are equally divided and arranged on the cross-section of the outlet, and the change of the water flow velocity at the outlet can be more comprehensively displayed; by drawing a "velocity-time" chart, the water flow pattern at the outlet can be more intuitively displayed, so that the water surface elevation and water level fluctuation phenomena at the downstream outlet are within a controllable range, and it is determined that the water flow pattern at the outlet meets the requirements.

[0027] Preferably, in S6, the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille are proportionally converted into actual values to verify the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system with the actual values.

[0028] The outlet model is a proportional model of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system. The optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening of the outlet grille are proportionally converted into the actual optimal stilling basin height, the actual optimal stilling basin position, the actual optimal outlet grille opening size, and the actual optimal adjacent opening of the lock filling and emptying system. After adjusting the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system with the actual values, the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system are verified to ensure that the hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system meet the requirements.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock filling and emptying system according to the present invention, the outlet model is constructed proportionally to the outlet of the lock, enabling the outlet model to simulate the operation mode of the actual lock outlet, and enabling the obtained model hydraulic characteristic data to substantially reflect the actual water flow pattern at the lock outlet; by arranging a stilling basin in the grille energy dissipation chamber, after the water flow enters the grille energy dissipation chamber, it will impact the stilling basin to slow down the water flow in the grille energy dissipation chamber; by arranging multiple stilling basins, the energy dissipation and deceleration effects of the grille energy dissipation chamber on the water flow are strengthened; the outlet grille plate can divert the water flow discharged from the grille energy dissipation chamber, thereby avoiding the generation of phenomena such as water surface elevation and water level fluctuation at the outlet; the operator adjusts the height of the stilling basin, the position of the stilling basin, the outlet grille opening size, and the adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille, so that the model hydraulic characteristic data of the outlet finally meet the requirements, thereby obtaining the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille; through conversion, finally, the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille are proportionally converted into the actual optimal stilling basin height, the actual optimal stilling basin position, the actual optimal outlet grille opening size, and the actual optimal adjacent opening spacing, and the obtained actual values are applied to the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system. By verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system, it is determined that the optimization scheme for the outlet meets the expectations; through an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock filling and emptying system according to the present invention, the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system can be quickly adjusted to the expectation, and the phenomena of water surface elevation and water level fluctuation at the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system are within a controllable range; 2. The present invention provides an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock filling and emptying system. By constructing an outlet model, it is convenient for engineers to conduct hydraulic characteristic tests to adjust the water flow pattern at the outlet of the outlet model. By arranging a stilling weir in the grid energy dissipation chamber and an outlet grid at the outlet, the flow velocity of the water discharged from the grid energy dissipation chamber can be slowed down, thereby controlling the water surface elevation and water level fluctuation within an appropriate range. By adjusting the layout forms of the stilling weir and the outlet grid of the outlet model, an optimal layout scheme can be obtained. After scaling the layout scheme proportionally and arranging it at the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system, the layout scheme of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system can be quickly obtained, making the design of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system more reasonable, ensuring the stable berthing of ships in the lock chamber, avoiding violent shaking of ships during lock filling, and having good economic value and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock filling and emptying system according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grid energy dissipation chamber according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic distribution diagram of five measurement points of the outlet model according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a "flow velocity - time" graph of the measurement points of the outlet model according to the present invention.

[0031] Markings in the figure: 1 - grid energy dissipation chamber, 2 - stilling weir, 21 - first stilling weir, 22 - second stilling weir, 3 - inlet, 4 - drain, 5 - outlet grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above - mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, without special explanation, the expression terms of the orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer", etc. are all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the invention product / equipment / device is commonly used. These orientation or positional relationship terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention scheme or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, facilitating technicians to quickly understand the scheme, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0034] In addition, when terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel" appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel, but it can be slightly inclined or deviated. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still perform its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0035] In addition, when expressions such as "first", "second", "third", etc. appear in the terms, they are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0036] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple", "a number of" represent at least 2. It can be any situation such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and even can be a situation exceeding 9.

[0037] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / limited, when terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected", "provided with", "laid", "arranged" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, threaded connection, etc. Such a connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components.

[0038] Embodiment 1 As Figures 1-4 shown, an optimization method for the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock water conveyance system includes the following steps: S1: Construct a model: Construct an outlet model of the lock downstream with a grid energy dissipation chamber. The ratio of the outlet model to the actual downstream outlet of the lock water conveyance system is 1:500, and the layout of the outlet model is the same as the layout of the actual downstream outlet of the lock water conveyance system; S2: Set a stilling basin: There are two stilling basins arranged in the grid energy dissipation chamber. There is a gap between the stilling basin and the water inlet of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and there is a distance between adjacent stilling basins; S3: Adjust the stilling basin and the outlet grille: Adjust the height of the stilling basin, the position of the stilling basin, the opening size of the outlet grille, and the adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille; S4: Verify the hydraulic characteristics of the model: By conducting a hydraulic experiment, simulate the process of filling water into the lock for the outlet model, verify the hydraulic characteristics of the outlet model, and obtain the model hydraulic characteristic data through measurement; S5: Obtain the optimal adjustment values: Based on the obtained model hydraulic characteristic data, adjust the stilling basin and the outlet grille. Repeat steps S3 - S4 until the model hydraulic characteristic data meets the requirements, ensure the stable flow pattern of the water flow in the outlet model, and obtain the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille set for the outlet model; S6: Verify the actual water flow pattern at the outlet: According to the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille, convert the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille into actual values, and verify the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock water conveyance system.

[0039] The outlet model is constructed in proportion to the outlet of the ship lock, enabling the outlet model to simulate the operation mode of the actual ship lock outlet, so that the obtained model hydraulic characteristic data can substantially reflect the actual water flow pattern of the ship lock outlet; by setting a stilling basin in the grid energy dissipation chamber, after the water flow enters the grid energy dissipation chamber, it will impact the stilling basin to slow down the water flow in the grid energy dissipation chamber; by setting multiple stilling basins, the energy dissipation and deceleration effects of the grid energy dissipation chamber on the water flow are strengthened; the outlet grid plate can divert the water flow discharged from the grid energy dissipation chamber, thus avoiding the generation of phenomena such as water surface elevation and water level fluctuation at the outlet; the operators adjust the height of the stilling basin, the position of the stilling basin, the opening size of the outlet grid and the adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grid, so that the model hydraulic characteristic data of the outlet finally meet the requirements, thereby obtaining the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grid opening size and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grid for the outlet model; through conversion, finally convert the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grid opening size and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grid of the outlet model into the actual optimal stilling basin height, the actual optimal stilling basin position, the actual optimal outlet grid opening size and the actual optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grid, and apply the obtained actual values to the downstream outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system, and determine that the optimization scheme for the outlet meets the expectations by verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system; through an optimization method for the water flow pattern of the downstream outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system of the present invention, the water flow pattern of the downstream outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system can be quickly adjusted to the expected state, so that the phenomena of water surface elevation and water level fluctuation at the downstream outlet of the ship lock water conveyance system are within the controllable range.

[0040] In one or several embodiments, in S1, the outlet model is provided with four transverse branch corridors, and the four transverse branch corridors are connected to the total outlet corridor. The water flow is diverted through the four transverse branch corridors, so that the energy dissipation pressure of each transverse branch corridor connected to the grid energy dissipation chamber is reduced, enabling engineers to make greater adjustments to the stilling basin and the outlet grid and reducing the adjustment difficulty.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, in S1, the top of the grid energy dissipation chamber is provided with an outlet, so that the grid energy dissipation chamber fills the lock chamber in a top-drainage manner. The drain port cover is provided with an outlet grid to disperse the water flow and avoid the phenomena of water surface elevation and water level fluctuation; the side wall of the grid energy dissipation chamber is provided with an inlet, and the inlet is communicated with the transverse branch corridor; the water flow discharged from the transverse branch corridor into the grid energy dissipation chamber dissipates energy and decelerates in the grid energy dissipation chamber, thus avoiding the water surface elevation and water level fluctuation caused by the water flow discharged from the grid energy dissipation chamber exceeding the controllable range.

[0042] In one or several embodiments, in S2, the stilling basin is a rectangular plate-like structural member, which is connected to the bottom of the grid energy dissipation chamber through the bottom of the stilling basin, and both ends of the stilling basin are respectively abutted against the side walls of the grid energy dissipation chamber, so that the stilling basin is fixed inside the grid energy dissipation chamber. After the water flow enters the grid energy dissipation chamber, the water flow impacts the stilling basin to form a reverse commutation water flow, and the water flow entering through the commutation water flow impacts the grid energy dissipation chamber water inlet, so that the water flow in the grid energy dissipation chamber is energy-dissipated and decelerated and then discharged from the water outlet.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, in S2, along the direction of the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, two stilling basins are arranged at intervals. The stilling basins are arranged at intervals to reserve enough space for the water flow impacting the stilling basins to flow, so as to strengthen the deceleration effect on the water flow in the grid energy dissipation chamber; according to the use requirements, multiple stilling basins can be arranged in the grid energy dissipation chamber.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment, in S2, along the direction of the water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, the heights of the stilling basins increase in sequence. The stilling basins with different heights can block and dissipate the water flow at different heights in the grid energy dissipation chamber, and improve the energy dissipation and deceleration effect of the grid energy dissipation chamber on the water flow.

[0045] In one or several embodiments, in S1, the water outlet grid is a rectangular plate body, and a plurality of strip-shaped openings are arranged in an array on the water outlet grid. The strip-shaped openings penetrate through the water outlet grid to further divide the water flow, so that the water flow pattern at the water outlet meets the requirements.

[0046] In one or several embodiments, in S4, the model hydraulic characteristic data includes the water flow velocity. By monitoring the water flow velocity at the water outlet, the water flow pattern at the water outlet is judged.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the method for verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the grid energy dissipation chamber model is as follows: select five measurement points at the water outlet of the water outlet model. The five measurement points are equally divided and arranged on the same cross section of the water outlet, and monitor the velocity changes of the five measurement points respectively, and draw the "velocity-time" chart of the five measurement points; by selecting five points located on the cross section of the water outlet for velocity monitoring, the change of the water flow pattern at the water outlet can be more intuitively displayed. The five measurement points are equally divided and arranged on the cross section of the water outlet to more comprehensively display the change of the water flow velocity at the water outlet; by drawing the "velocity-time" chart, the water flow pattern at the water outlet can be more intuitively displayed, and it is determined that the water flow pattern at the water outlet meets the requirements; the "velocity-time" chart is as Figure 4 shown.

[0048] In one or more embodiments, in S6, the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening spacing of the outlet grille are scaled proportionally to actual values to verify the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system; by scaling the optimal stilling basin height, the optimal stilling basin position, the optimal outlet grille opening size, and the optimal adjacent opening of the outlet grille proportionally to the actual optimal stilling basin height, the actual optimal stilling basin position, the actual optimal outlet grille opening size, and the actual optimal adjacent opening of the outlet grille, after adjusting the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system with the actual values, verify the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system to ensure that the hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system meet the requirements.

[0049] Embodiment 2 As Figures 3-4 Shown in the grille energy dissipation chamber 1 structure of the downstream outlet of a lock filling and emptying system, the grille energy dissipation chamber 1 structure is obtained by adopting the optimization method of the water flow pattern at the downstream outlet of a lock filling and emptying system in Embodiment 1 for the setting of the middle stilling basin and the outlet grille 5. The grille energy dissipation chamber 1 structure has an inlet 3, a drain 4, and a rectangular chamber. The inlet 3 is located at the top of the grille energy dissipation chamber 1 structure, and the inlet 3 communicates with the rectangular chamber. The drain 4 is located on the side of the grille energy dissipation chamber 1 structure, and the drain 4 communicates with the rectangular chamber. The stilling basins 2 in the rectangular chamber include a first stilling basin 21 and a second stilling basin 22. The first stilling basin 21 and the second stilling basin 22 are respectively connected to the bottom of the rectangular chamber. Both the first stilling basin 21 and the second stilling basin 22 are rectangular plates. The first stilling basin 21 and the second stilling basin 22 are arranged at intervals. After the water flow enters the rectangular chamber, it can be intercepted by the first stilling basin 21 and the second stilling basin 22, thereby dissipating energy and decelerating the water flow. An outlet grille 5 is covered on the drain 4, and the water flow is further dispersed through the strip-shaped openings provided on the outlet grille 5, so that the water surface elevation and water level fluctuation phenomena formed by the water flow discharged from the grille energy dissipation chamber 1 at the downstream outlet of the lock filling and emptying system are within a controllable range.

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the flow pattern of water flow at the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Model construction: Construct an outlet model with a grid energy dissipation chamber downstream of the ship lock; S2: Set up energy dissipation sills: Set up at least two energy dissipation sills in the grid energy dissipation chamber; S3: Adjust the stilling sill and the outlet grille: adjust the height of the stilling sill, the position of the stilling sill, the size of the outlet grille opening and the distance between adjacent outlet grille openings; S4: Verify the hydraulic characteristics of the model: verify the hydraulic characteristics of the outlet model and obtain the hydraulic characteristics data of the model; S5: Obtaining the optimal adjustment value: Repeating steps S3-S4 until the hydraulic characteristic data of the model meets the requirements, obtaining the optimal stilling sill height, the optimal stilling sill position, the optimal outlet grille opening size and the optimal spacing between adjacent outlet grille openings; S6: Verify the actual water flow pattern at the outlet: Verify the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the ship lock water transfer system based on the optimal stilling sill height, optimal stilling sill position, optimal outlet grille opening size and optimal spacing between adjacent outlet grille openings.

2. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the outlet model is provided with four transverse branch corridors, and each transverse branch corridor is respectively connected to the grid energy dissipation chamber.

3. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S1, a drain outlet is provided on the top of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and the drain outlet cover is provided with the water outlet grid; a water inlet is provided on the side wall of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and the water inlet is communicated with the transverse branch corridor.

4. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the energy dissipation sill is a plate-shaped structural member, the bottom of the energy dissipation sill is connected to the bottom of the grid energy dissipation chamber, and both ends of the energy dissipation sill abut against the side walls of the grid energy dissipation chamber respectively.

5. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S2, a plurality of energy dissipation sills are arranged at intervals along the direction in which the water flows into the grid energy dissipation chamber.

6. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S2, along the direction of water flow entering the grid energy dissipation chamber, the height of the energy dissipation sill increases successively.

7. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the water outlet grille is a rectangular plate, and a plurality of strip-shaped openings are arranged in an array on the water outlet grille, and the strip-shaped openings penetrate the water outlet grille.

8. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the model hydraulic characteristic data includes water flow velocity.

9. The method for optimizing the flow pattern of the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S4, the method for verifying the hydraulic characteristics of the grid energy dissipation chamber model is: five measurement points are selected at the outlet of the outlet model, and the five measurement points are equally divided and set on the same cross-sectional surface of the outlet, and the flow velocity changes of the five measurement points are monitored respectively, and a "flow velocity-time" graph of the five measurement points is drawn.

10. A method for optimizing the flow pattern of water flow at the downstream outlet of a ship lock water delivery system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: In S6, the optimal stilling sill height, the optimal stilling sill position, the optimal outlet grille opening size and the optimal spacing between adjacent outlet grille openings are proportionally converted into actual values, and the actual hydraulic characteristics of the downstream outlet of the ship lock water transfer system are verified with the actual values.

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