Trench supporting structure in poor geological area and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a trench supporting structure for a geological poor area and a construction method. The trench supporting structure comprises an upper support, and the upper support is formed by arranging a plurality of parallel steel channels; the lower surface of the upper support is connected with adjustable diagonal bracings, and a vertical support is clamped between the adjustable diagonal bracings; the adjustable diagonal brace comprises two pieces of channel steel which are arranged in parallel, and the two pieces of channel steel are perpendicular to the multiple pieces of channel steel of the upper support; kidney-shaped holes penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface are formed in the two ends of channel steel of the upper support, a plurality of penetrating threaded holes are formed in the upper surface of the adjustable diagonal brace at equal intervals, and the adjustable diagonal brace is connected with the kidney-shaped holes of the upper support in the mode that screws penetrate through the threaded holes. The vertical support is arranged between the two pieces of channel steel of the adjustable diagonal bracings; the device solves the problems that in the prior art, collapse is prone to occurring during construction in a poor geological area, and an existing concrete construction method is too long in construction period, low in efficiency and lack of an efficient supporting mode, and has the advantages that supporting can be rapidly conducted in a groove, and the construction efficiency and safety are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal construction, and particularly relates to a trench support structure and a construction method in areas with poor geology. Background Art

[0002] During the trench construction process in the central section of the old urban area of the city, it is often found that the road renovation dates back a long time, and there is miscellaneous fill under the surface layer. During the excavation process, it collapses as it is dug. Currently, the methods adopted include slope excavation, reinforced concrete inverse construction method or steel sheet pile technology; the roads in the old urban area are narrow, and for slope excavation, the slope ratio cannot meet the requirements, and a full-section road closure will bring inconvenience to the travel of the surrounding people; for the reinforced concrete inverse construction method, the construction period is long, and the road occupation time is long, bringing inconvenience to the surrounding people; for the steel sheet pile technology, when constructing in areas with many above-ground and underground pipelines in the old urban area, there are many potential safety hazards, and there are also requirements for the soil conditions. If there are many stones and the geology is relatively hard, it is not easy to construct; therefore, support structures are often used for construction, and the existing support structures generally have a fixed width, mostly using concrete construction, which is a one-time structure and cannot be stored after use. Generally, it is buried in the construction area on the spot, which is not only time-consuming and laborious but also costly. There are also problems that the construction area is insufficient and difficult to expand for construction in areas with many underground pipelines. If the general steel sheet pile technology is used for support, the support strength is insufficient and it is easy to damage the pipelines in the construction area; therefore, it is necessary to design a trench support structure and a construction method in areas with poor geology that are easy to disassemble and assemble and have a small construction footprint to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a trench support structure and a construction method in areas with poor geology. This device solves the problems that the existing technology is prone to collapse during construction in areas with poor geology, the existing concrete inverse construction method has a too long construction period and low efficiency, and there is a lack of an efficient support method, and has the characteristics of being able to quickly support in the trench and ensuring the construction efficiency and safety.

[0004] To achieve the above design, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A trench support structure in areas with poor geology includes an upper support, which is arranged by a plurality of parallel channel steels. Both ends of the upper support protrude and bear on the top surfaces of both banks of the trench; both ends of the lower surface of the upper support are connected with adjustable cross braces, and a support plate composed of a plurality of vertical supports is clamped between the adjustable cross braces; a leveling mechanism is arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the adjustable cross braces, the leveling mechanism is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to an audible and visual alarm; a hazard avoidance device is arranged on the surface of the support plate facing the inside of the trench.

[0005] Preferably, the adjustable cross braces include two parallel channel steels, and the two channel steels are perpendicular to the multiple channel steels of the upper support.

[0006] Preferably, waist-shaped holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces are provided at both ends of the upper support channel steel, and a plurality of through threaded holes are equidistantly provided on the upper surface of the adjustable strut. The distance between the threaded holes is equal to the distance between multiple upper supports.

[0007] Preferably, a screw rod passes through the threaded hole of the adjustable strut. The screw rod penetrates the threaded hole and is fixed to the waist-shaped hole of the upper support. The other end of the screw rod is locked by at least two nuts.

[0008] Preferably, the vertical support is a steel strip plate structure. A strip-shaped card slot is provided on one side of the side surface of the vertical support, and a protruding card strip is provided on the other side. The card strip is engaged with the card slot on the side surface of the adjacent vertical support, and the support plates are spliced in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the support plate is clamped between two channel steels of the adjustable strut.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing cone is connected to the bottom end of the support plate, and the fixing cone is inserted into the soil at the bottom for fixation.

[0011] Preferably, the leveling mechanism includes a plurality of laser distance sensors arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the adjustable strut. The plurality of laser distance sensors are arranged staggeredly, and the light source faces the side surface of the adjustable strut on the other side.

[0012] Preferably, the hazard avoidance device includes a plurality of strip-shaped air bags hung on the side surface of the support plate. Each strip-shaped air bag is connected to a high-pressure air pump, and the high-pressure air pump is electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, a rope loop is connected to the outer surface of the air bag and is hung on a hook welded to the side surface of the support plate; the high-pressure air pumps are all connected to the air bags through air pipes. During construction, the high-pressure air pumps are placed on the ground outside the trench; the controller and the alarm are both placed on the ground outside the trench.

[0014] Preferably, the construction method of the above trench support structure in geological poor areas includes the following steps: S1. Before construction, the support width L inside the trench is measured in advance. The initial support width L, the hazard avoidance displacement △L, and the warning displacement △L' are set in the controller. The warning displacement △L' is greater than the hazard avoidance displacement △L; check the working state of the high-pressure air pump and the airtightness of the strip-shaped air bags. S2. The upper supports are arranged in sequence at a predetermined interval, and the two adjustable struts at both ends are installed according to the measured support width L at a predetermined width. During installation, the parallelism of the construction of the two adjustable struts at both ends is maintained by reading the values of the plurality of laser distance sensors. S3. The plurality of vertical supports are assembled according to the required width. After being assembled into a support plate, it is placed between the gaps of the two channel steels of the adjustable strut, and then the adjustable strut is locked by a screw rod to fix the support plate. S4. Position the strip-shaped airbag and the high-pressure air pump in place; S5. During the construction process, when at least one laser distance sensor detects deformation and the surface support structure deforms and displaces under the pressure of the side soil mass, the following emergency avoidance process is executed: When the deformation distance does not exceed the avoidance displacement △L, no alarm is issued; When the deformation distance exceeds the avoidance displacement △L and does not exceed the warning displacement △L', no alarm is issued, and the controller controls multiple high-pressure air pumps to start and inflate the strip-shaped airbag; When the deformation distance exceeds the warning displacement △L', the sound and light alarm is activated to remind the operators to evacuate in an orderly manner; S6. After the construction is completed, disassemble the entire device for storage.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above trench support structure in poor geological areas are as follows: 1. This device solves the problems that the existing technology is prone to collapse during construction in poor geological areas, the existing concrete imitation method has a too long construction period and low efficiency, and there is a lack of an efficient support method. It has the characteristics of being able to quickly support in the trench to ensure the construction efficiency and safety; the device is provided with adjustable cross braces with adjustable spacing and position, which can not only strengthen the support for the vertical support, but also adjust the spacing, suitable for trench construction of various sizes; and the device body is a detachable structure without welding parts, which is convenient for later recycling and reuse.

[0016] 2. This device is provided with a leveling mechanism, which can ensure that the front and rear sections are set parallel during construction. The leveling mechanism cooperates with the emergency avoidance device, which can timely issue an alarm to remind personnel to evacuate when the support structure has a slight displacement, and avoid risks such as possible collapses through airbag inflation; since the overall support structure is a steel main body, it has excellent toughness and is not easily broken suddenly when subjected to lateral pressure. Even if there is deformation, there is a slow change process. During this process, enough gas can be filled into the airbag for personnel to evacuate. If some personnel cannot evacuate in time due to unexpected situations, the gradually filled airbag can also form a buffer protection for the personnel, thus providing time for subsequent rescue and ensuring the safety of personnel to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the adjustable cross brace and the upper support in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4Schematic top view of the layout of the laser distance sensor in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the card slot and the card strip in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the layout of the strip-shaped airbag in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Control connection block diagram of the electrical components in the embodiment of the present invention; In the figure, the reference numerals are: upper support 1, adjustable cross brace 2, laser distance sensor 21, vertical support 3, support plate 31, card slot 32, card strip 33, kidney-shaped hole 4, threaded hole 5, screw 6, strip-shaped airbag 7, high-pressure air pump 8, controller 9, sound and light alarm 10. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 to Figure 2 In, a trench support structure in a geological poor area includes an upper support 1, the upper support 1 is formed by arranging multiple parallel channel steels, and both ends of the upper support 1 protrude and bear on the top surfaces on both banks of the trench; both ends of the lower surface of the upper support 1 are connected with adjustable cross braces 2, and a support plate 31 composed of multiple vertical supports 3 is clamped between the adjustable cross braces 2; a leveling mechanism is arranged on one side surface of the opposite sides of the adjustable cross braces 2, the leveling mechanism is electrically connected with the controller 9, and the controller 9 is electrically connected with the sound and light alarm; a risk avoidance device is arranged on one side surface of the support plate 31 facing the inside of the trench.

[0019] Preferably, the adjustable cross brace 2 includes two parallel channel steels, and the two channel steels are perpendicular to the multiple channel steels of the upper support 1.

[0020] As Figure 3 In, preferably, kidney-shaped holes 4 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces are opened at both ends of the channel steel of the upper support 1, and a plurality of through threaded holes 5 are equally spaced on the upper surface of the adjustable cross brace 2, and the spacing of the threaded holes 5 is equal to the spacing between the multiple upper supports 1.

[0021] Preferably, a screw 6 passes through the threaded hole 5 of the adjustable cross brace 2, the screw 6 passes through the threaded hole 5 and is fixed to the kidney-shaped hole 4 of the upper support 1, and the other end of the screw 6 is locked by at least two nuts.

[0022] As Figure 5 In, preferably, the vertical support 3 is a steel strip structure, a strip-shaped card slot 32 is opened on one side surface of the vertical support 3, and a protruding card strip 33 is arranged on the other side, and the card strip 33 is engaged with the card slot 32 on the side surface of the adjacent vertical support 3 to be spliced into the support plate 31 in sequence.

[0023] Preferably, the support plate 31 is clamped between the two channel steels of the adjustable cross brace 2.

[0024] Preferably, a fixing cone is connected to the bottom end of the support plate 31, and the fixing cone is inserted into the soil at the bottom for fixation.

[0025] As Figure 4 In [reference], preferably, the leveling mechanism includes a plurality of laser distance sensors 21 arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the adjustable struts 2. The plurality of laser distance sensors 21 are arranged staggeredly, and the light sources face the side surfaces of the adjustable struts 2 on the other side.

[0026] As Figure 6 In [reference], preferably, the emergency device includes a plurality of strip-shaped airbags 7 hung on the side surface of the support plate 31. Each strip-shaped airbag 7 is connected to a high-pressure air pump 8, and the high-pressure air pump 8 is electrically connected to the controller 9.

[0027] Furthermore, a rope loop is connected to the outer surface of the airbag and is hung on the hook welded to the side surface of the support plate 31; the high-pressure air pumps 8 are all connected to the airbags through air pipes. During construction, the high-pressure air pumps 8 are placed on the ground outside the trench; the controller 9 and the alarm are both placed on the ground outside the trench.

[0028] As Figure 7 In [reference], the laser distance sensors 21 are electrically connected to the controller 9, and the controller 9 is electrically connected to the audible and visual alarm and the high-pressure air pump 8.

[0029] Embodiment 2: The construction method of the above-mentioned trench support structure in a geological poor area includes the following steps: S1, before construction, the support width L inside the trench is measured in advance, and the initial support width L, the emergency displacement △L, and the warning displacement △L' are set in the controller 9. The warning displacement △L' is greater than the emergency displacement △L; check the working state of the high-pressure air pump 8 and the airtightness of the strip-shaped airbag 7; S2, the upper supports 1 are arranged in sequence at a predetermined spacing, and the two adjustable struts 2 at both ends are installed according to the measured support width L at a predetermined width. During installation, the parallelism of the construction of the two adjustable struts 2 at both ends is maintained by reading the values of the plurality of laser distance sensors 21; S3, the plurality of vertical supports 3 are assembled according to the required width. After being assembled into the support plate 31, it is placed between the two channel steel gaps of the adjustable strut 2, and then the adjustable strut 2 is locked by the screw 6 to fix the support plate 31; S4, the strip-shaped airbags 7 and the high-pressure air pumps 8 are arranged in place; S5, during the construction process, when at least one laser distance sensor 21 detects deformation, indicating that the support structure has deformed and displaced under the pressure of the side soil, the following emergency avoidance process is executed at this time: When the deformation distance does not exceed the emergency displacement △L, no alarm is issued; When the deformation distance exceeds the risk avoidance displacement △L and does not exceed the warning displacement △L', no alarm is issued, and the controller 9 controls the start of multiple high-pressure air pumps 8 to start inflating the strip-shaped airbag 7; When the deformation distance exceeds the warning displacement △L', the sound and light alarm is activated to remind the operators to evacuate in an orderly manner; S6. After the construction is completed, the whole device is disassembled for storage.

[0030] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations to the present invention. The embodiments and the features in the embodiments in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trench support structure for areas with poor geology, characterized by: The upper support (1) comprises an upper support which is formed by arranging a plurality of parallel channel steels, the two ends of the upper support (1) protruding and bearing the top surfaces on both sides of the groove; the two ends of the lower surface of the upper support (1) are connected with adjustable opposite supports (2), and a support plate (31) composed of a plurality of vertical supports (3) is sandwiched between the adjustable opposite supports (2); a leveling mechanism is arranged on the surface of one side opposite to the adjustable opposite supports (2), the leveling mechanism is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to an audible and visual alarm; and a risk avoidance device is arranged on the surface of one side of the support plate (31) facing the inside of the groove.

2. A trench support structure for geologically poor areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable support (2) comprises two channel steels arranged in parallel, and the two channel steels are perpendicular to the multiple channel steels of the upper support (1).

3. A trench support structure for areas with poor geology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the channel steel of the upper support (1) are provided with waist-shaped holes (4) penetrating the upper and lower surfaces, and the upper surface of the adjustable support (2) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (5) penetrating at equal intervals, and the spacing of the threaded holes (5) is equal to the spacing between the plurality of upper supports (1).

4. A trench support structure for geologically poor areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A screw rod (6) passes through the threaded hole (5) of the adjustable support (2), and the screw rod (6) passes through the threaded hole (5) and is fixed to the waist-shaped hole (4) of the upper support (1), and the other end of the screw rod (6) is locked by at least two nuts.

5. The trench support structure for poor geological areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical support (3) is a steel strip plate structure, one side surface of the vertical support (3) is provided with a strip-shaped slot (32), and the other side is provided with a raised clip (33), the clip (33) is engaged with the slot (32) on the side surface of the adjacent vertical support (3), and is sequentially spliced ​​into a support plate (31).

6. A trench support structure for areas with poor geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (31) is clamped between two channel steels of the adjustable support (2).

7. The trench support structure for poor geological areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the support plate (31) is connected to a fixing cone, which is inserted into the soil at the bottom for fixing.

8. The trench support structure for poor geological areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling mechanism comprises a plurality of laser distance measuring sensors (21) arranged on the surface of one side opposite to the adjustable support (2), wherein the plurality of laser distance measuring sensors (21) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the light source faces the side surface of the adjustable support (2) on the other side.

9. The trench support structure for poor geological areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The risk avoidance device comprises a plurality of strip-shaped air bags (7) hung on the side surface of the support plate (31), each strip-shaped air bag (7) is connected to a high-pressure air pump (8), and the high-pressure air pump (8) is electrically connected to a controller.

10. A construction method for a trench support structure in a geologically poor area according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, before construction, pre-measure the support width L inside the trench, set the initial support width L, the risk avoidance displacement △L and the warning displacement △L' in the controller, and the warning displacement △L' is greater than the risk avoidance displacement △L; check the working state of the high-pressure air pump (8) and the air tightness of the strip air bag (7); S2, arranging the upper supports (1) in sequence according to a predetermined spacing, and installing the adjustable supports (2) at both ends according to a predetermined width according to the measured support width L, and during installation, maintaining the parallelism of the adjustable supports (2) at both ends by reading the values ​​of a plurality of laser distance measuring sensors (21); S3, assembling a plurality of vertical supports (3) according to a required width, assembling the support plate (31), and inserting the support plate (31) into the gap between the two channel steels of the adjustable support (2), and then locking the adjustable support (2) by means of a screw (6) to fix the support plate (31); S4, placing the strip-shaped airbag (7) and the high-pressure air pump (8) in place; S5, during the construction process, when at least one laser distance measuring sensor (21) detects deformation, the surface support structure undergoes deformation and displacement under the pressure of the side soil, and the following emergency avoidance process is executed: When the deformation distance does not exceed the risk avoidance displacement △L, no alarm will be issued; When the deformation distance exceeds the risk avoidance displacement △L but does not exceed the warning displacement △L', no alarm is sounded, and the controller controls the multiple high-pressure air pumps (8) to start and start inflating the strip-shaped airbag (7); When the deformation distance exceeds the warning displacement △L', the sound and light alarm is activated to remind the operators to evacuate in an orderly manner; S6, after the construction is completed, the device is disassembled as a whole for storage.

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